WO2009142308A1 - Cis系薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 - Google Patents
Cis系薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009142308A1 WO2009142308A1 PCT/JP2009/059465 JP2009059465W WO2009142308A1 WO 2009142308 A1 WO2009142308 A1 WO 2009142308A1 JP 2009059465 W JP2009059465 W JP 2009059465W WO 2009142308 A1 WO2009142308 A1 WO 2009142308A1
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007733 ion plating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] Chemical compound [Cu].[Se].[Se].[In] KTSFMFGEAAANTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000807 Ga alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000846 In alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chalcopyrite Chemical group [S-2].[S-2].[Fe+2].[Cu+2] DVRDHUBQLOKMHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers
- H01L31/072—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type
- H01L31/0749—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by potential barriers the potential barriers being only of the PN heterojunction type including a AIBIIICVI compound, e.g. CdS/CulnSe2 [CIS] heterojunction solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/032—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312
- H01L31/0322—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2
- H01L31/0323—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping materials or other impurities, only compounds not provided for in groups H01L31/0272 - H01L31/0312 comprising only AIBIIICVI chalcopyrite compounds, e.g. Cu In Se2, Cu Ga Se2, Cu In Ga Se2 characterised by the doping material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
- H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
- H01L31/03923—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate including AIBIIICVI compound materials, e.g. CIS, CIGS
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/541—CuInSe2 material PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a CIS thin film solar cell, and particularly to a method capable of manufacturing a CIS thin film solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency with good reproducibility.
- a CIS-based thin-film solar cell forms a metal back electrode layer on a glass substrate, a p-type light-absorbing layer made of I 1 III 1 VI 2 compound semiconductor on it, and a buffer layer The window layer is formed.
- CIS-based thin-film solar cells it has been reported that when blue glass is used as the glass substrate, high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be achieved. This is because the group Ia element Na contained in the blue glass diffuses into this layer during the process of forming the P-type absorber layer, and This is thought to be due to the influence on the density. Therefore, for CIS-based thin-film solar cells, the introduction of Na into the p-type absorber layer has been recognized as an important issue for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
- the first method uses the diffusion of Na contained in a soda glass substrate in the process of forming a CIS-based p-type light absorption layer into the p-type light absorption layer, and controls the amount of diffusion.
- the second method is a method in which a compound of Na is added from the outside during the film forming process of the p-type light absorption layer.
- a block layer is provided between the glass substrate and the p-type light absorption layer to suppress Na diffusion from the glass substrate, or by using a glass substrate not containing Na, there is no Na diffusion from the substrate.
- an Na compound is added to the p-type light absorption layer. Thereby, the Na concentration in the p-type light absorption layer is controlled (see Patent Documents 2 and 3 and Non-Patent Document 1).
- the first method is based on the use of blue glass as the glass substrate.
- the glass plate has a relatively low strain point. Therefore, if the P-type light absorption layer is formed at a high film-forming temperature, for example, 55 0 or more, in order to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency, the glass substrate is deformed. The film forming temperature cannot be increased.
- high-strain-point glass or low-power glass that is a low-alloy strength glass as the glass substrate. Is low or does not contain the Al force component, so that a sufficient Al force component cannot be supplied to the P-type absorber layer. (0 0 0 6)
- the second method does not require the use of soda glass, the problems of the first method can be solved.
- Alkaline metals such as Na are difficult to handle by themselves, so when adding alkaline elements to the p-type absorber layer, a stable compound such as NaF can be added by the spray method, etc.
- a method in which NaF is mixed is adopted. Therefore, the addition efficiency is poor, and in the case of NaF, F may have an adverse effect when the p-type absorber layer is formed.
- the method of adding NaF into the p-type light absorption layer by spraying or the like has problems such as dispersion of the added particle size and difficulty in uniform coating.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10-7 4 9 6 8
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-2 2 7 50
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-1 0 2 5 4 6
- Non-Patent Document 1 The effect of substructure impurities on the electronic conductivity in CIS thin filmsj 12th Europ ean photovoltaic solar energy conference J. Holz, F. Karg, H. von Ph i 1 ipsborn Problems to be solved by the invention
- the present invention has been made for the purpose of solving the above-mentioned problems in the production of CIS-based thin-film solar cells.
- Alkaline elements can be easily and excellently controlled without using blue plate glass. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a CIS-based thin film solar cell that can be added to a p-type light absorption layer to achieve high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Means for solving the problem
- a back electrode layer is formed on a substrate, a P-type CIS light absorption layer is formed on the back electrode layer, and the P-type CIS light absorption layer is formed.
- the step of forming the back electrode layer is performed using a back electrode material mixed with alkali metal. And forming a second electrode layer using the back electrode material substantially free of the alkali metal.
- the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer may be formed by any one of a sputtering method, a vapor deposition method, and an ion plating method.
- the substrate may be formed of any one of high strain point glass, alkali-free glass, metal, or resin.
- the back electrode material is one of Mo, Ti, and Cr. Also good.
- the alkali metal may be any one of Na, K, and Li.
- the first electrode layer is targeted or vapor-deposited with Mo containing at least 0.3 atomic% Na. It may be used as a source.
- the second electrode layer is targeted or vapor-deposited with Mo containing 0.01 atomic% or less of Na. It may be used as a source.
- the p-type light absorption layer may be formed by a selenization / sulfurization method or a multi-source simultaneous vapor deposition method.
- a step of forming an n-type high resistance buffer layer may be included between the step of forming the p-type light absorption layer and the step of forming the n-type transparent conductive film.
- the back electrode layer formed on the plate contains an alkali element. Therefore, when forming a P-type light absorption layer, this alkali element diffuses to form a P-type. It is taken in in the light absorption layer. For this reason, it is not necessary to use blue plate glass containing alkaline elements as a substrate for forming a solar cell, so use a substrate that can withstand high-temperature heating. It becomes possible to raise the film forming temperature of the P-type light absorption layer. Furthermore, since the alkali element is added to the electrode material not in the form of a compound but in the form of a metal, the addition efficiency is increased.
- the alkali metal can be uniformly added to the electrode layer with good reproducibility.
- high-quality CIS-based thin-film solar cells can be manufactured at low cost.
- FIG. 1 shows C produced by a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A to 2C are schematic cross-sectional views for explaining the structure of the metal back electrode layer according to various embodiments of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a process of forming a metal back electrode layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of a CIS thin film solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a glass substrate, which is a low strain glass or a high strain point glass or a non-alloy glass. These glass substrates have a strain point of 50 or higher than conventional blue plate glass, so they are treated in the p-type absorber layer forming process.
- the substrate 1 is a metal substrate such as a stainless steel plate,
- a U-imide resin substrate or the like may be used. (0 0 2 2)
- 2 indicates the metal back electrode layer.
- the metal back electrode layer 2 has a thickness of 0.2 to 2 m, and is formed of a highly corrosion-resistant and high melting point metal such as molybdenum (M o), titanium (T i), or chromium (C r).
- M o molybdenum
- Ti titanium
- C r chromium
- the Layer 2 is deposited on substrate 1 by the DC sputtering method using these metals as targets.
- Layer 2 is a first step in which DC sputtering is performed by adding Al metal such as Na into an electrode material, for example, a Mo get-getting material, and DC sputtering is performed only on the electrode material. Formed in at least two stages of the second stage. 1 in FIG.
- Layer 2 1 indicates a layer formed using a Mo target with Na
- Layer 2 2 is a layer formed using a Mo target without Na. Indicates. A method of forming the metal back electrode layer 2 including these layers 2 1 and 2 2 will be described later with reference to FIGS.
- Fig. 1, 3 indicates a p-type CIS-based light absorption layer (hereinafter referred to as a p-type light absorption layer).
- I — III — VI Group 2 chalcopyrite structure ! For example, Cu In n Se 2 , Cu (In Ga) Se 2 , Cu (In Ga) (SS e) 2 etc. Used.
- a laminated structure or mixed crystal metal precursor film (Cu ZI) containing copper (Cu), indium (In), and gallium (Ga) on the metal back electrode layer 2 is used.
- Cu ZI mixed crystal metal precursor film
- n, Cu / Ga, Cu-Ga alloys (Zln, Cu_Ga—In alloys, etc.) are formed by sputtering or vapor deposition and then selenized and / or in a sulfur-containing atmosphere.
- a p-type light absorption layer 3 that is selenized / sulfurized is formed by heat treatment at a temperature of 400 or more. (0 0 2 4)
- raw materials containing Cu, In, Ga, and Se are combined in an appropriate combination on a glass substrate 1 having a metal back electrode layer 2 heated to about 500 or more.
- the p-type light absorption layer 3 is formed.
- 4 indicates an n-type high-resistance buffer layer (hereinafter referred to as a buffer layer) formed on the p-type light absorption layer 3.
- the noffer layer 4 is an ultra-thin film having a thickness of about 10 to 5 O nm having n-type conductivity, wide forbidden band width, transparency and high resistance.
- Bruno Ffa layer 4 is composed of a C d, Z n, including the compound I n, typically C d S, Z N_ ⁇ , Z n S, Z n ( OH) 2, I n 2 ⁇ 3, It is formed of In 2 S 3 or a mixed crystal of them, Zn (O, S, OH).
- the CBD method is to deposit a thin film on a base material by immersing the base material in a solution containing a chemical species as a precursor and causing a heterogeneous reaction between the solution and the surface of the base material.
- reference numeral 5 denotes an n-type transparent conductive film window layer (hereinafter referred to as a window layer), which has n-type conductivity, a wide forbidden band, a transparent and low resistance film thickness from 0.05. 2. 5mm transparent conductive film. Typically, it is formed of a zinc oxide thin film (ZnO) or an I T O thin film. In the case of a ZnO film, a low resistance film is formed by adding an III group element (for example, A 1, Ga, B) as a dopant.
- the window layer 5 is formed by the sputtering method (D C, R F), MO C VD method or the like.
- 2A to 2C are schematic cross-sectional views showing various structures of the metal back electrode layer 2 shown in FIG.
- Mo is used as the metal forming the metal back electrode layer 2
- Na is used as the alkali metal added to the metal back electrode layer 2
- the present invention is not limited to these materials.
- the metal back electrode material includes Ti, Cr, etc. in addition to Mo
- the alkali metal to be added includes K, Li, etc., in addition to Na.
- an Mo layer 2 1 containing Na is formed on a glass substrate 1 by using, for example, a sputtering method in which Na is added to Mo. Then, using Mo as the material without adding Na, the Mo layer 22 containing no Na is formed using the material as a material.
- Mo with no Na added is substantially N This means that it does not contain a, but it actually contains very low concentrations, for example, Na containing 1 ppm to 100 ppm PP m. However, this level of Na concentration is P-type light absorption. Since it has little effect on the layer, it is referred to herein as Mo layer 2 2 which does not contain Na.
- the Mo layer 23 containing no Na is first formed on the glass substrate 1, and then the Mo layer 24 containing Na is formed.
- the Mo layer 25 containing no Na is first formed on the glass substrate 1, and then the Mo layer 26 containing Na is formed, and further no Na is contained.
- M o layer 2 7 is formed.
- 2A to 2C show the metal back electrode layer 2 in a two-layer structure or a three-layer structure, it is needless to say that a multilayer structure may be used. What is important is that the metal back electrode layer 2 is composed of at least two layers including and not including alkali metal. (-And. Also, the stacking order is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a process for manufacturing the electrode structure shown in FIG. 2C.
- 1 0 0 indicates a spatula device, and a plurality of
- the glass substrate 1 is configured to move through the evenings 1 in order.
- the Mo substrate 25 is formed on the glass substrate 1 by first receiving the Mo spatter below the glass substrate 1 10 2. Next, the glass substrate 1 is transported to the lower part of the evening gage 10 4 and subjected to the sputtering of Mo containing Na, and the Mo layer 2 o “
- a Mo (N a) layer 26 is formed thereon. After that, it was transported to the lower part of the target ⁇ 1 0 6
- the Mo layer 27 is formed on the (Na) layer 26.
- the p-type light absorption layer 3 is formed on the electrode 2 (not shown).
- Absorption layer 3 is formed by the same spattering device 1 0
- the force using the sputtering method to form the metal back electrode 2 The present invention is not limited to the sputtering method, but employs a vapor deposition method or ion plating method. It is also possible. In these cases, Na metal is added as an evening or deposition source.
- the metal back electrode 2 is formed in multiple stages using M o and M o without positively adding Na metal.
- the addition of Na to the metal back electrode layer 2 is carried out using Mo as a target with the addition of metal Na, so that in the form of a compound such as Na F. Compared with the case of addition, the addition efficiency is improved, and since elements other than Na are not included, the situation that the incorporated elements other than Na do not adversely affect the P-type light absorption layer does not occur.
- the electrode layer is formed using the sputtering method, the vapor deposition method, or the ion plating method, it is different from the case where the electrode layer is formed by the spray method. Can be formed easily.
- a combination of a Mo target to which a certain amount of Na has been added and a Mo target that does not substantially contain Na can be used for at least two stages of sputtering, evaporation, and ion plating. Therefore, the amount of Na added to the electrode layer 2 can be freely controlled.
- Fig. 2 A to 2C The Al force in the Mo (N a) layers 2 1, 2 4 and 2 6 is the same as when the p-type absorber layer 3 is formed on the metal back electrode layer 2.
- the heat treatment process diffuses into the P-type absorber layer 3 and increases the carrier concentration of the P-type absorber layer 3 to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
- the metal back electrode layer 2 is not clearly separated into a layer containing an alkali element and a layer not containing an alkali element as shown in these figures. .
- Table 2 shows the Na concentration in the Mo target when the metal back electrode layer 2 is formed.
- the metal back electrode layer 2 of Mo when forming the metal back electrode layer 2 of Mo, CIS having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 14% or more by controlling the Na concentration in the Mo target. To obtain a thin-film solar cell I was able to. On the other hand, there is a condition that a high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be obtained even when only the high Na concentration Mo layer 21 is formed without forming the low Na concentration Mo layer 22 (high Na target). In this case, it is technically difficult to control the amount of Na in the target with good reproducibility, which deteriorates the product yield and manufacturing costs. To raise. Therefore, it is preferable that the metal back electrode layer has at least a two-layer structure of a Mo layer having a high Na concentration and a Mo layer having a low Na concentration (without Na). In addition, the photoelectric conversion efficiency in Table 3 indicates that the Na concentration in the high Na concentration Mo target is preferably 0.3 atomic% or more.
- CIS-based thin-film solar with high photoelectric conversion efficiency of 14% or more by controlling the film thickness of the low Na concentration Mo layer and the high Na concentration Mo layer A battery could be formed.
- Low Na concentration Mo concentration The concentration of Na in the target is 1 to 100 atoms p pm (0.0 1 atoms%), and there is no difference. Therefore, the Na concentration in the low Na concentration concentration gate may be suppressed to 100 atoms or less ppm.
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP09750670.3A EP2280419A4 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2009-05-18 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A CIS THIN FILM SOLAR CELL |
US12/671,068 US7989256B2 (en) | 2008-05-19 | 2009-05-18 | Method for manufacturing CIS-based thin film solar cell |
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JP2008-131269 | 2008-05-19 | ||
JP2008131269A JP4384237B2 (ja) | 2008-05-19 | 2008-05-19 | Cis系薄膜太陽電池の製造方法 |
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EP (1) | EP2280419A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4384237B2 (ja) |
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Also Published As
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US7989256B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
JP4384237B2 (ja) | 2009-12-16 |
EP2280419A4 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
EP2280419A1 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
KR20110009133A (ko) | 2011-01-27 |
KR101613184B1 (ko) | 2016-04-18 |
US20100210064A1 (en) | 2010-08-19 |
JP2009283508A (ja) | 2009-12-03 |
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