WO2009025577A1

WO2009025577A1 - Method for growing potato minitubers

Info

Publication number: WO2009025577A1
Application number: PCT/RU2008/000133
Authority: WO
Inventors: Evgeny L'vovich Volovik
Original assignee: Volovik Evgeny L Vovich
Priority date: 2007-08-15
Filing date: 2008-03-07
Publication date: 2009-02-26
Also published as: RU2007131107A

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to plant cultivation and can be used for growing seed potato in any soil. The aim of the invention is to develop a simple method for presowing preparation of potato microtubers which makes it possible to grow minitubers using a biocontainer. The biocontainer structural design makes it possible to adjust the composition of nutrients which are required at each stage of the initial period of sprout development, to add, through a conical cavity, new additional compositions of filler materials in an effective quantity taking into account local soil composition features, thereby providing more 'comfortable ' germination conditions, including risky agriculture regions which differ from standard potato growing conditions in terms of the composition, depth, humidity and temperature rate of the soil. The inventive biocontainer is designed in the form of a pressed ball, the diameter of which ranges from 4.0 to 4.5 cm and which is provided with a conical cavity with a diameter of 1.1-1.3 cm and a depth of 2.5 cm, which is made in the center thereof and is used for placing a tuber and introducing the effective quantity of a biofiller material consisting of peat with bio-compost or biohumus additives.

Description

METHOD FOR GROWING MINI TUBER POTATOES AND

BIO CONTAINER

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to crop production, and can be used for growing seed potatoes on any soil.

Known methods for producing potato planting material from test plants, including grafting of sprouts and obtaining micro-tubers, followed by their planting in the ground to obtain mini-tubers (1).

The disadvantage of this method is that it requires large labor costs.

Hydroponic-based potato rapid propagation systems are known (2).

However, such systems require large rooms in which sterility, a special lighting regime and climate must be maintained, resulting in high costs for consumables and energy.

A known briquette for growing seedlings, including a substrate based on peat with mineral fertilizers and an internal frame of water-soluble polymers, as well as a method for its preparation, in which it is introduced into the ground peat with a moisture content of 20-50% with stirring

A 0.5 - 3% aqueous polymer solution with a weight ratio of peat: polymer-1: (0.03-0.04), the mass is dried to an air-dry state, briquetted, briquettes are heated at 100 - 120 ⁰ C for 6-8 hours (3).

The disadvantage of this briquette is its low mechanical strength, while heating at such a high temperature leads to the destruction of the microflora of the nutrient mixture. The aim of the invention is to develop a simple method of pre-sowing preparation of potato mini-tubers, which ensures the safety of mini-tubers, including elite varieties, the content of nutrients, moisture and air necessary for each stage of the initial period of development of sprouts, the possibility of introducing new additional compositions of fillers in an effective amount, taking into account local characteristics of the soil composition, which would create more “comfortable” germination conditions for them, including in areas of risky farming differing from standard conditions for growing potatoes by composition and depth of soil, humidity, temperature conditions. At the same time, the production process of pre-sowing preparation should not be limited by the terms of field crop rotation (summer period), but could continue year-round.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the method of growing mini-tubers of potatoes in greenhouse conditions involves the use of a bio-container (Fig. 1) in the form of a pressed ball with a diameter of 4.0 to 4.5 cm with a conical recess in the center with a diameter of 1, 1 - 1, 3 cm and a depth of 2.5 cm for placing micro-tubers and applying bio-filler in an amount up to 1% by weight, made of peat with additives of bio-compost or vermicompost and biogenic growth-regulating drugs and / or microelements and / or bacterial preparations as a filler, and when regrowth the tops of the biocontainer are planted in the soil with simultaneous watering and loosening of the soil. The ratio of the main components of the bio-container is peat in the amount of 67 - 69% of the mass with the addition of bio-compost or vermicompost in the amount of 28 - 30%. Thus, the total nutrient content in the biocontainer is: nitrogen - 72.8 mg / 100 g, mobile phosphorus - 542 mg / 100 g, exchange potassium 800 mg / 100 g; acidity corresponds to pH 6.7. This goal is also achieved by the fact that the proposed bio-container as a bio-filler contribute nutrients with the addition of a growth stimulator and / or trace elements and / or bacterial preparations. This design of the biocontainer makes it possible to change the composition and properties of the protective and nutritious membrane around the potato micro-tubers, depending on the climatic conditions. Micro-tubers grown in nurseries from healthy uterine tubers were taken as the starting material for obtaining mini-potato tubers. They were germinated to obtain sprouts with a length of 2.0 cm or more. The isolation of the meristem was performed in a microbiological box under sterile conditions. A meristem in the form of a piece of tissue with 10 to 15 cells without leaf primordia was placed in a test tube on Muraisge-Skoog medium, closed with a stopper and placed in a germination chamber. After shoot growth to the formation of 5-8 leaves, they were cut into cuttings to a stem with one leaf and re-grown.

To increase the productivity of plants from micro-cuttings, we used the method of inducing table-tuber formation ip Vitro. For this

used P-indolyl-acetic acid; gibberellin was used to improve stem growth. Micro-tubers 1.0 to 1.2 cm in diameter were obtained from plants grown indoors, which are suitable for outdoor cultivation.

To obtain mini-tubers, a bio-container was used, in the recess of which micro-tubers with a diameter of 1.0 - 1.2 cm were laid. The prepared bio-container was placed on a pallet or in a box with peat soil, and during planting it was transferred to open ground. When growing early potatoes, biocontainers with micro tubers in early spring were placed in a greenhouse and watered. Planting in the soil a height of 5.0 - 7.0 cm was produced in mid-May, followed by watering and loosening the soil.

Information sources

1. Latushkin B.B., Eliseeva L.G., Lichko N.M. Mini tubers of high quality planting material. Journal "Potatoes and Vegetables", 1992, ÷ Nb 2, p. 6.

2. Simakov E. A. et al. New technologies for the production of improved starting material in elite potato seed production. Recommendations / MCX RF / M.:-2000, p. 71-76.

3. Briquette for growing seedlings. USSR copyright certificate X2919637; Cl. AOl G 9/10, 1982, (prototype).

Claims

CLAIM

1. Biocontainer, including a substrate based on peat with mineral fertilizers, characterized in that it is made in the form of a pressed ball with a diameter of 4.0 to 4.5 cm with a conical depression in the center with a diameter of 1.1 - 1.3 cm and a depth of 2 , 5 cm for placing micro-tubers and applying bio-filler in an effective amount, made of peat with the addition of bio-compost or vermicompost in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

- bio-compost or vermicompost - 28 - 30%;

- as a filler biogenic growth stimulants and / or trace elements and / or bacterial preparations - 1%;

- peat is the rest.

2. A method of growing potato mini-tubers in greenhouse conditions, characterized in that the micro-tuber is germinated in the bio-container according to claim 1, and when the tops are growing, the bio-container is planted in the soil with simultaneous watering and loosening of the soil.