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WO2009086688A1 - 数字网络摄像机 - Google Patents

数字网络摄像机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009086688A1
WO2009086688A1 PCT/CN2008/000034 CN2008000034W WO2009086688A1 WO 2009086688 A1 WO2009086688 A1 WO 2009086688A1 CN 2008000034 W CN2008000034 W CN 2008000034W WO 2009086688 A1 WO2009086688 A1 WO 2009086688A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
controller
tilt
digital network
video
pan
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2008/000034
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zude Zhang
Xiangyuan Xia
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Gospell Smarthome Electronic Co., Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Gospell Smarthome Electronic Co., Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Gospell Smarthome Electronic Co., Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2008/000034 priority Critical patent/WO2009086688A1/zh
Publication of WO2009086688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009086688A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/66—Remote control of cameras or camera parts, e.g. by remote control devices
    • H04N23/661—Transmitting camera control signals through networks, e.g. control via the Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to video cameras, and more particularly to a digital network camera. Background technique
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • CCTV closed-circuit cable television
  • This kind of camera has certain limitations, and its performance is as follows: 1. When using analog video signal transmission, the signal is inevitably subjected to various interferences and signal attenuation during transmission, which makes it difficult to transmit in long distance. Relay amplification is usually used to solve this problem, but it will increase the cost of the system. 2. Since the analog signal transmission is usually performed in the baseband mode, the structure of the camera and the monitoring terminal can only be in a one-to-one form. This complicates the topology of the entire system and increases the cost of integrated wiring. 3. When the camera is connected to a control head, lens or other input and output signals, it usually needs to add control lines, which makes the structure of the system more complicated. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a digital network camera that can work independently without computer assistance in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: constructing a digital network camera, comprising a casing, a camera lens, a cloud camera group, a video compression coding processor, and a network module having unique identification information associated with an IP address And the controller; the camera group is disposed on the housing, the camera lens is disposed on the cloud platform; the video and audio compression coding processor, the network module, and the controller are disposed in the housing The camera lens is electrically connected to the video compression coding processor; the video compression coding processor, the network and the cloud group are respectively electrically connected to the controller;
  • the pan/tilt group is configured to drive the horizontal and vertical rotation of the lens
  • the controller is configured to pass the video signal sent by the video compression encoder to the network mode
  • the block is sent to the external network, and when an abnormal situation occurs, an alarm signal is sent, and a control signal sent by the external network through the network module is received to drive the pan/tilt group.
  • the pan/tilt group includes a horizontal rotating pan/tilt and a vertical rotating pan/tilt; the horizontal rotating pan/tilt is disposed on the casing, and the vertical rotating pan/tilt is disposed at the The top of the horizontal pan/tilt head is set, and the lens is disposed on the vertical pan/tilt head.
  • a microphone is further disposed on the casing, and an audio compression coding processor is further disposed in the casing, and the microphone is electrically connected to the audio compression coding processor.
  • the audio compression encoding processor is electrically coupled to the controller.
  • the controller includes an AV controller and a PTZ controller.
  • the video compression encoding processor performs MPEG4, H.263, H.264 or M-JPEG compression encoding on the image signal.
  • the imaging lens includes: at least one lens, and an image sensor.
  • the image sensor is a CCD image sensor or a CMOS image sensor.
  • an audible and visual alarm is further disposed on the casing, and the controller is further configured to receive an external alarm signal and drive the audible and visual alarm to perform an alarm.
  • the digital network camera embodying the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the image monitoring technology has a qualitative leap; first, the network integrated wiring replaces the traditional video analog wiring, realizing the real three networks (video, audio, data). In one, it can be plug and play, the project is easy to implement and the system is easy to expand. Secondly, it realizes remote monitoring across regions. In particular, through the use of the Internet, image monitoring is not limited by distance, and the image is clear, stable and reliable.
  • the image storage and retrieval is very safe, convenient, and can be stored off-site, multi-machine backup storage and fast non-linear search. It can be run independently without the help of a PC, so that users in the same network environment can remotely monitor and manage it through a web browser on any computer at any time. This allows the user to have a camera in one place, but can get live video from this location over another IP network in another location. These videos can be authorized to be viewed only by specific users or within a specific network area. Public information sheet description released to the public
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a digital network camera of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit block diagram of the digital network camera shown in FIG. 1. detailed description
  • the digital network camera of the present invention has unique identification information associated with an IP address, and includes: a housing 1, a microphone 6, at least one lens 3, and a cloud group 2 Image sensor 5, video compression coding processor 7, audio compression encoder 61, network module 8, controller 9; wherein microphone 6 and pan/tilt set 2 are disposed on housing 1, lens 3 is disposed on pan/tilt set 2
  • the audio compression coding processor 61, the video compression coding processor 7, the network module 8 and the controller 9 are disposed in the casing 1; the lens 3 is used as a front end component, and has a fixed aperture, an auto iris, an automatic zoom, an automatic zoom, and the like.
  • the type is the same as the analog camera.
  • the image sensor 5 may be a CMOS image sensor or a CCD image sensor, wherein the CMOS image sensor is a semiconductor made of two elements of silicon and germanium, and a basic function is realized by a negatively charged and positively charged transistor. The current generated by these two complementary effects can be recorded and interpreted by the processing chip into an image.
  • CMOS image sensors are very power efficient and have virtually no static power consumption. This makes the CMOS image sensor consume only about 1/3 of the power of the CCD image sensor.
  • CMOS image sensor processes a rapidly converted image, it overheats due to a current change that is too frequent.
  • the problem of dark current suppression is not a big problem. If the suppression is not good, it is very easy to have noise.
  • the CCD image sensor is composed of a photodiode arranged in two dimensions on a single crystal silicon substrate and a transmission circuit thereof. Photodiodes convert light into electrical charge that is transmitted and output via a conversion circuit.
  • CCD image sensors are used for devices that deliver good image quality
  • CMOS image sensors are used for products that focus on power consumption and cost.
  • new technologies are overcoming the inherent weaknesses of each type of body while retaining certain characteristics that are appropriate for the particular application. This part is the same as the analog camera.
  • the lens 3 is electrically connected to the image sensor 5, and the image sensor 5 and video compression are compiled.
  • the code processor 7 is electrically connected, and the microphone 6 is electrically connected to the audio compression encoding processor 7; the video compression encoding processor 7, the audio compression encoding processor 61, the network module 8 and the pan/tilt group 8 are electrically connected to the controller 9, respectively;
  • the pan/tilt group is configured to drive the horizontal and vertical rotation of the lens;
  • the controller 9 is configured to send the video and audio signals sent by the video compression encoder 7 and the audio compression coding processor 61 to the outside through the network module 8.
  • the pan-tilt group includes a horizontal rotating pan/tilt and a vertical rotating pan/tilt; the horizontal rotating pan-tilt is disposed on the casing 1, the vertical rotating pan-tilt is disposed on the top of the horizontal rotating pan/tilt, and the lens 3 is disposed on the vertical rotating pan/tilt .
  • the horizontal pan head can control the lens 3 to perform a horizontal 180 degree range turn, and the vertical pan head can control the lens 3 to perform a vertical 90 degree range of rotation.
  • the video compression coding processor 7 adopts intra prediction, inter prediction, motion estimation and motion compensation, integer transform, etc., to improve the compression ratio of the image.
  • the intra prediction is that the video compression coding processor 7 uses the correlation of adjacent pixels according to the properties of adjacent pixels in the image, adopts a new intra prediction mode, and passes through the left and upper pixels of the current pixel block (already The coded reconstructed pixel is predicted to encode only the difference between the actual value and the predicted value, so that the intra-coded pixel block information can be expressed with a smaller number of bits; and the inter-frame prediction is multi-frame reference and smaller.
  • the motion prediction region and other methods accurately predict the next frame, thereby reducing the amount of data transmitted and reducing the time domain correlation of the image.
  • the video compression encoding processor 7 transforms the residual results of the motion estimation and the intra prediction from the time domain to the frequency domain, using an integer transform similar to 4 X 4 discrete cosine transform (DCT) instead of like MPEG-2 and As with MPEG-4, the floating point number conversion of 8 X 8 DCT is adopted. Integer-based spatial transformation has good effect, fast calculation (only addition and shift operation), no adaptation problem in the inverse transformation process, and combined with the quantization process to ensure that in the 16-bit computing system, The result of the calculation has the highest precision and does not overflow.
  • the 4 X 4 transform block is also 8 X 8 to reduce blockiness and ringing effects.
  • the video compression coding processor 7 adopts a multi-core and highly integrated SoC architecture of an ARM+DSP+ hardware acceleration engine, and has powerful video processing functions. It can realize the real-time encoding performance of DVD image quality, adapt to various network environments, ensure the clarity and real-time of the picture, and the low-rate video compression coding processor 7 coding technology greatly reduces the network storage space and integrates DES.
  • the /3DES encryption and decryption hardware engine ensures network security.
  • the video compression coding processor 7 is packaged in a 0.13 ⁇ m process, LFBGA400, and has a size of 19 X 19 mm. The pin pitch is 0.
  • the video input unit receives the digital video information output by the VADC through the ITU-R BT. 601/656 interface, and writes the received original image to the external memory (SDR SDRAM or DDR SDRAM) through the AHB bus.
  • the video codec reads images from external memory and performs motion estimation (inter prediction), intra prediction, DCT transform, quantization, entropy coding (CAVLC+Exp-Golomb), IDCT transform, inverse quantization, motion compensation, etc.
  • the bare code stream conforming to the H.264 protocol and the coded reconstructed frame (as the reference frame of the next frame) are written into the external memory; the video output unit reads the image from the external memory and passes the ⁇ -R BT.
  • the 601/656 interface is sent to the VDAC for display.
  • the application requirements are different.
  • the video output unit reads the image content from the external memory. When the input image needs to be previewed, the video output unit reads the original image from the external memory. When it is necessary to observe the coding effect of the video encoder, the video output unit reads the code reconstructed frame from the external memory; the ARM encodes the code stream output by the video encoder by the protocol stack, and then sends the network port to send, Video on demand service.
  • the controller 9 is the heart of the digital network camera and is responsible for the management and control of the digital network camera.
  • the controller 9 is a separate component; if it is software code compression, the controller 9 is a DSP running code compression software, that is, the two are combined into one.
  • the controller 9 includes an AV controller 91 and a PTZ controller 92, wherein the AV controller 91 receives the AV signals transmitted by the video compression encoding processor 7 and the audio compression encoding processor 61, and then passes through the network module. 8 is sent to the external network for remote monitoring users to view; In addition, if an abnormality occurs, the AV controller can also send an alarm signal to the external network through the network module to inform the user of an abnormal situation.
  • the remote monitoring user can also send a control signal to the network module through the network, and further send it to the pan/tilt group controller 92, so that the pan/tilt group controller 92 drives the horizontal rotating pan/tilt head 21 and the vertical rotating pan/tilt head 22 to rotate, thereby driving the lens. 3 turns.
  • the network module 8 provides the network function of the digital network camera, which adopts RTP/RTCP, UDP, HTTP, TCP/IP and other related network protocols, and allows the user to use a standard browser from his own PC according to the uniqueness of the digital network camera.
  • the IP address accesses the digital network camera, views the live image, and controls the lens 3 and the pan/tilt group 2.
  • the network module 8 is actually a collective name for putting together an embedded WEB server and an Ethernet interface. Concentrated into one device, can be directly connected to the LAN, to reach Plug and watch, save a variety of complex cables, easy to install, users do not need to install any hardware devices, just use a browser to watch.
  • the embedded WEB server is the core of the whole monitoring system. It has two parts: hardware and software.
  • the monitoring terminal provides the required video image; receives the control information of the monitoring terminal, and controls the camera after the software and hardware conversion.
  • Each server has its own IP address, and the server can be accessed through the browser interface on the monitoring side.
  • the function of the monitoring terminal is to display live video and send video requests and control signals to the camera as needed.
  • the network module employs an embedded real-time multitasking operating system. The user on the network can directly view the video signal on the network module 8 by using a browser, and the authorized user can also control the action of the PTZ group 2, the mirror 3 or operate the system configuration.
  • the embedded network module 8 monitor system is compared with other monitoring systems, and its control area is broad; the network module directly connects the digital network camera to the network, without the limitation of cable length and signal attenuation, and the network has no distance concept, completely Abandon the concept of territory and expand the area of control.
  • the system has almost unlimited seamless expansion capabilities. All digital network camera devices are identified by an IP address.
  • Adding a device simply means an expansion of the IP address. It can form a very complex monitoring network, and adopts a monitoring system based on embedded network modules.
  • the networking mode is very different from the traditional analog monitoring and PC-based monitoring methods, because the network module output has been simulated.
  • To digital conversion and compression using a unified protocol to transmit over the network, supporting remote video transmission across gateways and across routers. The performance is stable and reliable, no need for special management.
  • the digital network camera provides a practical external interface for engineering applications, such as an interface to control the PTZ group, and an I/O port for alarm signal input and output. If the infrared probe finds a target, it sends an alarm signal to the digital network camera. The digital network camera automatically adjusts the lens direction and records in real time. On the other hand, when the digital network camera detects that a moving target appears, it can also issue an alarm. signal.
  • the image signal is input to the image sensor 5 through the lens 3, and after the sound signal is input through the microphone 6, the image sensor 5 and the microphone are turned into an electrical signal, and the A/D converter converts the analog electrical signal into a digital electrical signal. And processed by the video and audio compression encoding processor 7, wherein the audio
  • the encoder of the frequency compression coding processor 7 is encoded and compressed according to the MPEG4, H.263, H.264 or M-JPEG coding standard, and then sent to the video and audio controller 91, and finally sent to the local area network by the network module 8 according to a certain network protocol.
  • INTERNETS INTERNETS
  • an alarm device may be disposed on the casing 1 of the digital network camera, and an audible and visual alarm is preferably disposed.
  • the alarm signal may be sent to the controller through the network module 8. 9. After receiving the alarm signal, the controller 9 can drive the sound and light alarm to perform an alarm.

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Description

数字网络摄像机 技术领域
本发明涉及摄像机， 更具体地说， 涉及一种数字网络摄像机。 背景技术
目前在教学、安防、工业生产等各种场合得到广泛使用的摄像机， 大部分 基于闭路有线电视（CCTV)方式进行模拟视频信号传输。该类摄像机具有一定 的局限性， 表现为： 1、 采用模拟视频信号传输时， 由于信号在传输过程中不 可避免地受到各种干扰以及信号的衰减，使得在长距离传输方面存在一定的困 难。 通常采用中继放大的方式解决这一个问题， 但是会增加系统的成本。 2、 由于模拟信号传输通常采用基带方式进行，使得摄像机和监视终端的结构只能 采用一对一的形式。这使得整个系统的拓扑结构变得复杂，增加了综合布线的 成本。 3、 当摄像机接有可控制的云台、 镜头或者其他输入输出信号时， 通常 需要外加控制线路， 使得系统的结构更加复杂。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术的上述缺陷，提供一种无需 计算机辅助便可独立工作的数字网络摄像机。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 构造一种数字网络摄像机， 包括壳体、 摄像镜头、 云台组、 视频压缩编码处理器、 具有与 IP地址相关联 的唯一标识信息的网络模块、控制器； 所述云台组设置在所述壳体上， 所述摄 像镜头设置在所述云台组上；所述视音频压缩编码处理器、网络模块和控制器 设置在所述壳体内；所述摄像镜头与所述视频压缩编码处理器电连接；所述视 频压缩编码处理器、 网络和云台组分别与所述控制器电连接；
其中， 所述云台组用于驱动所述镜头水平和垂直转动；
所述控制器用于将所述视频压缩编码器发送的视频信号通过所述网络模
1
确认本 块发送到外部网络， 以及在出现异常情况时， 发送报警信号， 并接收外部网络 通过所述网络模块发送的控制信号从而驱动所述云台组。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中，所述云台组包括水平转动云台和垂直 转动云台；所述水平转动云台设置在所述壳体上，所述垂直转动云台设置在所 述水平转动云台顶部， 所述镜头设置在所述垂直转动云台上。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中，在所述壳体上还设置有麦克风，所述 壳体内还设置有音频压缩编码处理器，所述麦克风与所述音频压缩编码处理器 电连接， 所述音频压缩编码处理器与所述控制器电连接。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中，所述控制器包括视音频控制器和云台 组控制器。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中，所述视频压缩编码处理器对图像信号 进行 MPEG4、 H. 263, H. 264或 M- JPEG压缩编码。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中， 所述摄像镜头包括： 至少一个镜头、 以及图像传感器。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中，所述图像传感器是 CCD图像传感器或 CMOS图像传感器。
在本发明所述的数字网络摄像机中， 在所述壳体上还设置有声光报警器， 所述控制器还用于接收外部报警信号并驱动所述声光报警器进行报警。
实施本发明的数字网络摄像机，具有以下有益效果：使得图像监控技术有 了一个质的飞跃； 首先， 网络的综合布线代替了传统的视频模拟布线， 实现了 真正的三网 （视频、 音频、 数据）合一， 可即插即用， 工程实施简便， 系统扩 充方便； 其次， 实现跨区域远程监控， 特别地， 通过利用互联网， 使得图像监 控不受距离限制， 而且图像清晰， 稳定可靠； 再者， 图像的存储、 检索十分安 全、 方便、 可异地存储， 多机备份存储以及快速非线性査找等。 可不借助于 PC进行独立运行， 使得处于同一网络环境下的用户可以在任何时候， 在任意 一台计算机上通过 Web 浏览器进行远程监控和管理。 使得用户可以在一个地 方拥有一台摄像机， 却可以在另一个地方通过 IP网络获得这个地方的现场视 讯。这些视频资料可以经过授权只允许特定用户看到，也可以是在特定网区内 发布给大众的公共资讯 附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明， 附图中：
图 1是本发明数字网络摄像机的结构示意图；
图 2是图 1所示的数字网络摄像机的电路原理框图。 具体实施方式
如图 1、 2所示，在本发明的数字网络摄像机中，其具有与 IP地址相关联 的唯一的标识信息， 并包括： 壳体 1、 麦克风 6、 至少一个镜头 3、 云台组 2、 图像传感器 5、 视频压缩编码处理器 7、 音频压缩编码器 61、 网络模块 8、 控 制器 9; 其中， 麦克风 6和云台组 2设置在壳体 1上， 镜头 3设置在云台组 2 上； 音频压缩编码处理器 61、 视频压縮编码处理器 7、 网络模块 8和控制器 9 设置在壳体 1内； 镜头 3作为前端部件， 有固定光圈、 自动光圈、 自动变焦、 自动变倍等种类， 与模拟摄像机相同。 图像传感器 5可以是 CMOS图像传感器 或 CCD图像传感器， 其中 CMOS图像传感器是利用硅和锗这两种元素所做成的 半导体，通过其上带负电和带正电的晶体管来实现基本的功能的。这两个互补 效应所产生的电流即可被处理芯片记录和解读成影像。 CMOS 图像传感器最主 要的优势就是非常省电， 几乎没有静态电量消耗。 这就使得 CMOS图像传感器 的耗电量只有 CCD图像传感器的 1/3左右。 但是 CMOS图像传感器在处理快速 变换的影像时， 由于电流变换过于频繁而过热。 暗电流抑制的好就问题不大， 如果抑制的不好就十分容易出现杂点。
CCD 图像传感器由在单晶硅基片上呈二维排列的光电二级管及其传输电 路构成。 光电二极管把光转化成电荷， 再经转化电路传送和输出。通常， 传送 优良图像质量的设备都采用 CCD图像传感器，而注重功耗和成本的产品则选择 CMOS 图像传感器。 但新的技术正在克服每种器体固有的弱点， 同时保留了适 合于特定用途的某些特性。 这一部分与模拟摄像机相同。
如图 2所示，镜头 3与图像传感器 5电连接， 图像传感器 5与视频压縮编 码处理器 7电连接，麦克风 6与音频压缩编码处理器 7电连接；视频压縮编码 处理器 7、 音频压缩编码处理器 61、 网络模块 8和云台组 8分别与控制器 9 电连接； 其中， 所述云台组用于驱动所述镜头水平和垂直转动； 控制器 9用于 将视频压縮编码器 7和音频压缩编码处理器 61发送的视频和音频信号通过网 络模块 8发送到外部网络， 以及在出现异常情况时发送报警信号，并接收外部 网络通过网络模块 8发送的控制信号从而驱动云台组 2。 在实施中， 云台组包 括水平转动云台和垂直转动云台；水平转动云台设置在壳体 1上，垂直转动云 台设置在水平转动云台顶部， 镜头 3设置在垂直转动云台上。工作中， 水平转 动云台可控制镜头 3进行水平 180度范围的转到，垂直转动云台可控制镜头 3 进行垂直 90度范围的转动。
在实施中， 视频压缩编码处理器 7采用了帧内预测、帧间预测、运动估值 和运动补偿、整数变换等方式， 以提高对图像的压缩率。其中帧内预测是视频 压缩编码处理器 7根据图像中相邻像素可能相同的性质，利用相邻像素的相关 性， 采用新的帧内预测模式， 通过当前像素块的左边和上边的像素（已编码重 建的像素)进行预测， 只对实际值和预测值的差值进行编码， 从而能用较少的 比特数来表达帧内编码的像素块信息；而帧间预测通过多帧参考和更小运动预 测区域等方法对下一帧进行精确预测，从而减少传输的数据量，实现降低图像 的时域相关性。视频压缩编码处理器 7把运动估值和帧内预测的残差结果从时 域变换到频域，使用了类似于 4 X 4离散余弦变换 (DCT)的整数变换，而不是像 MPEG-2和 MPEG-4那样采用 8 X 8 DCT的浮点数变换。 以整数为基础的空间变 换具备效果好、计算快 (只需加法与移位运算），反变换过程中不会出现适配问 题等优点， 并且结合量化过程， 保证了在 16位计算系统中， 计算结果有最大 精度且不会溢出。 4 X 4的变换块也 8 X 8更能减少块效应和震铃效应。 该视频 压缩编码处理器 7采用 ARM+DSP+硬件加速引擎的多核高集成度的 SoC构架， 具备强大的视频处理功能。可实现 DVD画质的实时编码性能， 能自适应各种网 络环境，确保画面的清晰度和实时性，低码率的视频压缩编码处理器 7编码技 术极大减少网络存储空间， 并通过集成 DES/3DES加解密硬件引擎确保网络安 全。视频压缩编码处理器 7采用 0. 13 μ m工艺、 LFBGA400封装，大小为 19 X 19mm， 引脚间距为 0. 8mm,片内集成了包括数字视频接口、 USB、 ETH、 I2S、 I2C、 GPI0、 SPI、 UART、 SDRAM, DDR等接口， 满足各种应用场景的设备开发的同时能大大 降低了设备的 B0M成本。 其工作原理： 视频输入单元通过 ITU-R BT. 601/656 接口接收由 VADC输出的数字视频信息， 并通过 AHB总线把接收到的原始图像 写入到外存 (SDR SDRAM或 DDR SDRAM)中；视频编解码器从外存中读取图像，进 行运动估计（帧间预测）、 帧内预测、 DCT 变换、 量化、 熵编码 (CAVLC+Exp-Golomb)、 IDCT变换、反量化、运动补偿等操作，最后将符合 H. 264 协议的裸码流和编码重构帧 (作为下一帧的参考帧)写入到外存中；视频输出单 元从外存中读取图像并通过 ΙΤϋ-R BT. 601/656接口送给 VDAC进行显示，应用 的需求不同， 视频输出单元从外存中读取的图像内容也不同，当需要对输入图 像进行预览时，视频输出单元从外存中读取原始图像， 当需要观察视频编码器 的编码效果时， 视频输出单元从外存中读取编码重构帧； ARM对视频编码器输 出的码流进行协议栈的封装，然后送网口发送， 以实现视频点播业务。
控制器 9是该数字网络摄像机的心脏，它肩负着数字网络摄像机的管理和 控制工作。如果是硬件压缩编码， 控制器 9是一个独立部件； 如果是软件编码 压缩， 控制器 9是运行编码压缩软件的 DSP, 即二者合而为一。 在实施中， 控 制器 9包括视音频控制器 91和云台控制器 92， 其中视音频控制器 91接收视 频压缩编码处理器 7和音频压缩编码处理器 61发送的视音频信号， 然后通过 网络模块 8发送到外部网络， 以便进行远程监控的用户査看； 另外， 如果出现 异常，视音频控制器还可将报警信号通过网络模块发送到外部网络， 以告知用 户出现异常情况。远程监控的用户也可通过网络向网络模块发送控制信号，并 进一步发送到云台组控制器 92， 使得云台组控制器 92驱动水平转动云台 21 和垂直转动云台 22转动， 从而带动镜头 3转动。
网络模块 8提供该数字网络摄像机的网络功能，它采用了 RTP/RTCP、 UDP、 HTTP, TCP/IP等相关网络协议， 允许用户从自己的 PC机使用标准的浏览器根 据数字网络摄像机的唯一的 IP地址对该数字网络摄像机进行访问， 观看实时 图像， 及控制镜头 3和云台组 2。 网络模块 8其实是将嵌入式 WEB服务器以及 以太网接口合在一起的统称。集中到一个设备内， 可以直接连入局域网， 达到 即插即看， 省掉多种复杂的电缆， 安装方便， 用户无需安装人任何硬件设备， 仅用浏览器即可观看。嵌入式 WEB服务器是整个监控系统的核心，有硬件和软 件两个部分， 其主要功能包括： 为监控端提供 WEB访问页面； 对监控端的访问 进行有效性、安全性检查； 响应监控端的请求， 为监控端提供所需要的视频图 像； 接收监控端的控制信息， 经过软硬件转换后对摄像机进行控制。每个服务 器有自己的 IP地址， 在监控端可以通过浏览器界面访问服务器。 监控端的功 能则是显示现场视频，并根据需要向服务器发送视频请求以及对摄像机的控制 信号。在实施中， 网络模块采用嵌入式实时多任务操作系统。 网络上用户可以 直接用浏览器观看网络模块 8上的视频信号，经授权的用户还可以控制云台组 2、 镜 3的动作或对系统配置进行操作。 由于把视频压缩编码处理器 7和网络 模块 8功能集中到一个体积很小的设备内，可以直接连入局域网，达到即插即 看， 省掉多种复杂的电缆， 安装方便（仅需设置一个 IP地址），用户也无需安 装任何硬件设备，仅用浏览器即可观看。嵌入式网络模块 8监控系统与其它监 控系统的比较，其布控区域广阔；网络模块将该数字网络摄像机直接连入网络， 没有线缆长度和信号衰减的限制， 同时网络是没有距离概念的，彻底抛弃了地 域的概念， 扩展布控区域。系统具有几乎无限的无缝扩展能力， 所有数字网络 摄像机设备都以 IP地址进行标识，增加设备只是意味着 IP地址的扩充。可组 成非常复杂的监控网络，采用基于嵌入式网络模块为核心的监控系统，在组网 方式上与传统的模拟监控和基于 PC平台的监控方式有极大的不同， 由于网络 模块输出已完成模拟到数字的转换并压缩，采用统一的协议在网络上传输，支 持跨网关、 跨路由器的远程视频传输。 性能稳定可靠， 无需专人管理。
该数字网络摄像机为工程应用提供了实用的外部接口，如控制云台组的接 口， 用于报警信号输入输出的 I/O端口。如红外探头发现有目标出现， 发报警 信号给数字网络摄像机，数字网络摄像机自动调整镜头方向并实时录像；另一 方面， 当数字网络摄像机侦测到有移动目标出现时， 亦可向外发出报警信号。
在工作中， 图像信号经过镜头 3输入到图像传感器 5， 声音信号经过麦克 风 6输入后， 由图像传感器 5和麦克风转 6化为电信号， A/D转换器将模拟电 信号转换为数字电信号，再经过视音频压缩编码处理器 7进行处理，其中视音 频压缩编码处理器 7编码器按 MPEG4、 H. 263、 H. 264或 M- JPEG编码标准进行 编码压缩， 再发送到视音频控制器 91， 最后由网络模块 8按一定的网络协议 送上局域网或 INTERNETS
在实施中，可在数字网络摄像机的壳体 1上设置报警装置，优选的设置一 声光报警器， 在工作中， 远程监控的用户如发现异常时， 可通过网络模块 8 发送报警信号到控制器 9,控制器 9接收到报警信号后可驱动声光报警器进行 报警。
本发明是通过几个具体实施例进行说明的，本领域技术人员应当明白，在 不脱离本发明范围的情况下，还可以对本发明进行各种变换及等同替代。另外， 针对特定情形或具体情况，可以对本发明做各种修改，而不脱离本发明的范围。 因此，本发明不局限于所公开的具体实施例，而应当包括落入本发明权利要求 范围内的全部实施方式。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种数字网络摄像机， 包括壳体， 其特征在于， 还包括： 摄像镜头、 云台组、 视频压缩编码处理器、 具有与 IP地址相关联的唯一标识信息的网络 模块、控制器； 所述云台组设置在所述壳体上， 所述摄像镜头设置在所述云台 组上； 所述视音频压縮编码处理器、 网络模块和控制器设置在所述壳体内； 所 述摄像镜头与所述视频压缩编码处理器电连接；所述视频压缩编码处理器、网 络和云台组分别与所述控制器电连接；
其中， 所述云台组用于驱动所述镜头水平和垂直转动；
所述控制器用于将所述视频压缩编码器发送的视频信号通过所述网络模 块发送到外部网络， 以及在出现异常情况时， 发送报警信号， 并接收外部网络 通过所述网络模块发送的控制信号从而驱动所述云台组。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 所述云台组包 括水平转动云台和垂直转动云台；所述水平转动云台设置在所述壳体上，所述 垂直转动云台设置在所述水平转动云台顶部，所述镜头设置在所述垂直转动云 台上。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 在所述壳 体上还设置有麦克风，所述壳体内还设置有音频压缩编码处理器，所述麦克风 与所述音频压缩编码处理器电连接，所述音频压缩编码处理器与所述控制器电 连接。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 所述控制器包 括视音频控制器和云台组控制器。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 所述视频压縮 编码处理器对图像信号进行 MPEG4、 H. 263、 H. 264或 M-JPEG压缩编码。
6、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 所述摄像 镜头包括： 至少一个镜头、 以及图像传感器。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 所述图像传感 器是 CCD图像传感器或 CMOS图像传感器。
8、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的数字网络摄像机， 其特征在于， 在所述壳 体上还设置有声光报警器，所述控制器还用于接收外部报警信号并驱动所述声 光报警器进行报警。
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