WO2006106832A1 - 露光条件の決定方法、露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 - Google Patents
露光条件の決定方法、露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006106832A1 WO2006106832A1 PCT/JP2006/306675 JP2006306675W WO2006106832A1 WO 2006106832 A1 WO2006106832 A1 WO 2006106832A1 JP 2006306675 W JP2006306675 W JP 2006306675W WO 2006106832 A1 WO2006106832 A1 WO 2006106832A1
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- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- substrate
- exposure
- immersion area
- immersion
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70483—Information management; Active and passive control; Testing; Wafer monitoring, e.g. pattern monitoring
- G03F7/7055—Exposure light control in all parts of the microlithographic apparatus, e.g. pulse length control or light interruption
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/2041—Exposure; Apparatus therefor in the presence of a fluid, e.g. immersion; using fluid cooling means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/70216—Mask projection systems
- G03F7/70341—Details of immersion lithography aspects, e.g. exposure media or control of immersion liquid supply
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
- G03F7/708—Construction of apparatus, e.g. environment aspects, hygiene aspects or materials
- G03F7/7085—Detection arrangement, e.g. detectors of apparatus alignment possibly mounted on wafers, exposure dose, photo-cleaning flux, stray light, thermal load
Definitions
- Exposure condition determination method determination method, exposure method and exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method
- the present invention relates to a method for determining exposure conditions when exposing a substrate through a liquid, an exposure method, an exposure apparatus, and a device manufacturing method.
- the pattern formed on the mask is projected and exposed onto a photosensitive substrate.
- An exposure apparatus is used.
- This exposure apparatus has a mask stage that can move while holding a mask, and a substrate stage that can move while holding a substrate, and exposes the mask pattern onto the substrate while sequentially moving the mask stage and the substrate stage.
- miniaturization of patterns formed on a substrate is required in order to increase the density of devices.
- an immersion exposure apparatus that exposes a substrate through liquid in an immersion region formed on the substrate as disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. Has been devised.
- Patent Document 1 Pamphlet of International Publication No. 99Z49504
- an immersion exposure apparatus it is important to form an immersion area in a desired state. If the immersion area is not formed in the desired state, for example, if the liquid in the immersion area formed on the substrate leaks out from the substrate, it may affect peripheral equipment or the environment where the exposure apparatus is located ( Humidity, cleanliness, etc.) fluctuate, exposure accuracy including pattern overlay accuracy on the substrate deteriorates, or various measurement accuracy using interferometers deteriorates, etc. Various inconveniences can occur. Therefore, in order to prevent such inconvenience, it is desirable to determine in advance optimum exposure conditions that can form the liquid immersion region in a desired state, and to expose the substrate based on the determined exposure conditions. . Therefore, it is desired to devise a method capable of determining the optimum exposure conditions when exposing the substrate through the liquid in the immersion area formed on the substrate.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a method for determining an exposure condition when exposing a substrate through a liquid in an immersion region. Another object of the present invention is to provide an exposure method and an exposure apparatus for exposing a substrate based on the determined exposure conditions, and a device manufacturing method.
- the present invention employs the following configurations corresponding to the respective drawings shown in the embodiments.
- the reference numerals in parentheses attached to each element are merely examples of the element and do not limit each element.
- exposure light (EL) is irradiated onto the substrate (P) via the liquid (LQ) in the liquid immersion region (LR) formed on the substrate (P). Then, the exposure condition when the substrate (P) is exposed is determined, and the state of the immersion area (LR) formed on the surface of a predetermined object (P, 64, etc.) is determined by the object (P 64, etc.) and a step of detecting while changing at least one of the immersion conditions when forming the immersion region (LR) and a step of determining the exposure conditions based on the detection result A method for determining conditions is provided. According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to determine an optimum exposure condition when exposing the substrate through the liquid in the immersion area.
- an exposure method for exposing the substrate (P) based on the exposure condition determined by the determination method of the above aspect According to the second aspect of the present invention, the substrate can be satisfactorily exposed based on optimum exposure conditions.
- a device manufacturing method using the exposure method of the above aspect there is provided a device manufacturing method using the exposure method of the above aspect.
- a device can be manufactured using an exposure method that can satisfactorily expose the substrate.
- a substrate (PL, LSI) and a liquid (LQ) are interposed between the substrate (
- the immersion space (LR) is formed by filling the predetermined space (K1) between the optical member (PL, LSI) and the substrate (P) with the liquid (LQ).
- the moving conditions of the object (P, 64, etc.) where the immersion area (LR) is formed and the immersion area (LR) are formed between the mechanism (1) and the optical component (PL, LSI).
- An exposure apparatus (EX) is provided that includes a detection device (30) that detects the state of the immersion region (LR) while changing at least one of the immersion conditions.
- the optimum exposure condition when the substrate is exposed for example, via the liquid from the state of the immersion area detected by changing at least one of the movement condition and the immersion condition. Can be obtained.
- a device manufacturing method using the exposure apparatus of the above aspect there is provided a device manufacturing method using the exposure apparatus of the above aspect.
- a device can be manufactured using an exposure apparatus that can determine the optimum exposure conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram that shows one embodiment of an exposure apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a first embodiment of a method for determining exposure conditions.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the substrate of FIG.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a moving condition of a substrate.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a second embodiment of a method for determining exposure conditions.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a third embodiment of a method for determining exposure conditions.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of a method for determining exposure conditions.
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of a microdevice manufacturing process.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing the exposure apparatus EX.
- an exposure apparatus EX has a mask stage MST that can move while holding a mask M and a substrate holder PH that holds a substrate P, and a substrate stage PST that can move the substrate holder PH that holds the substrate P.
- an illumination optical system IL that illuminates the mask M held on the mask stage MST with the exposure light EL
- a projection optical system PL that projects an image of the pattern of the mask M illuminated with the exposure light EL onto the substrate P.
- a control device CONT that controls the overall operation of the exposure apparatus EX.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment is an immersion exposure apparatus to which an immersion method is applied in order to substantially shorten the exposure wavelength to improve the resolution and substantially increase the depth of focus.
- an immersion mechanism 1 is provided for filling the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL near the image plane of the projection optical system PL with the liquid LQ.
- the liquid immersion mechanism 1 is provided in the vicinity of the optical path space K1, and is provided in the nozzle member 70 having the supply port 12 for supplying the liquid LQ and the recovery port 22 for recovering the liquid LQ, the supply pipe 13, and the nozzle member 70.
- the nozzle member 70 is located above the substrate P (substrate stage PST) disposed facing the projection optical liquid PL, and at least of the plurality of optical elements constituting the projection optical system PL. It is closest to the image plane and is formed in an annular shape to surround the final optical element LS 1.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment includes an immersion region of a liquid LQ that is larger than the projection region AR and smaller than the substrate P on a part of the substrate P including the projection region AR of the projection optical system PL.
- the local liquid immersion method is used to form LR locally.
- at least the pattern image of the mask M is transferred to the substrate P, and while it is closest to the image plane of the projection optical system PL! ⁇ ⁇ Exposure light EL between the final optical element LSI and the substrate P placed on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL Of the mask M by irradiating the substrate P with exposure light EL that has passed through the mask M via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1.
- the control device CONT supplies a predetermined amount of liquid LQ using the liquid supply device 11 of the liquid immersion mechanism 1 and collects a predetermined amount of liquid LQ using the liquid recovery device 21. Fill and form a liquid LQ immersion region LR locally on the substrate P.
- exposure apparatus EX a scanning exposure apparatus (a so-called scanning stepper) that exposes a pattern formed on mask M onto substrate P while moving mask M and substrate P synchronously in the respective scanning directions. )
- V in the horizontal plane, the synchronous movement direction (scanning direction) of the mask M and the substrate P in the Y-axis direction, and in the horizontal plane in the direction perpendicular to the Y-axis direction (in this example, projection optics)
- the direction parallel to the optical axis AX of the system PL) is the Z-axis direction.
- the rotation (tilt) directions around the X, Y, and Z axes are the 0 X, ⁇ ⁇ , and ⁇ Z directions, respectively.
- the “substrate” includes a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer coated with a film such as a photosensitive material (resist) or a protective film.
- the “mask” includes a reticle on which a device pattern to be projected on a substrate is reduced.
- the illumination optical system IL includes an exposure light source, an optical integrator that equalizes the illuminance of the light beam emitted from the exposure light source, a condenser lens that collects the exposure light EL from the optical integrator, a relay lens system, and an exposure It has a field stop to set the illumination area on the mask M with light EL.
- the predetermined illumination area on the mask M is illuminated with the exposure light EL having a uniform illuminance distribution by the illumination optical system IL.
- Illumination optical system IL force Dew light emitted EL such as bright lines (g-line, h-line, i-line) and KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248nm) emitted from mercury lamps Light), vacuum ultraviolet light (VUV light) such as ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) and F laser light (wavelength 157 nm).
- ArF excimer laser light is used.
- Pure water is used as the liquid LQ. Pure water is not only ArF excimer laser light, but also far ultraviolet light (DUV light) such as emission lines (g-line, h-line, i-line) emitted from mercury lamp force and KrF excimer laser light (wavelength 248nm). Can also be transmitted.
- DUV light far ultraviolet light
- Mask stage MST is movable while holding mask M.
- the mask stage MST holds the mask M by vacuum suction (or electrostatic suction).
- the mask stage MST is in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis AX of the projection optical system PL with the mask M held by the drive of the mask stage drive device MST D including the linear motor controlled by the control device CONT.
- a movable mirror 91 is provided on the mask stage MST.
- a laser interferometer 92 is provided at a position facing the movable mirror 91! The position of the mask M on the mask stage MST in the two-dimensional direction and the rotation angle in the ⁇ Z direction (including rotation angles in the ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions in some cases) are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 92.
- the measurement result of the laser interferometer 92 is output to the control device CONT. Based on the measurement result of the laser interferometer 92, the control device CONT drives the mask stage drive device MSTD and controls the position of the mask M held by the mask stage MST.
- the movable mirror 91 may include not only a plane mirror but also a corner cube (retlet reflector), and instead of fixing the movable mirror 91, for example, the end surface (side surface) of the mask stage MST is formed by mirror processing. A reflective surface may be used.
- the mask stage MST may be configured to be capable of coarse and fine movement disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-130179 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,722,034).
- the projection optical system PL projects an image of the pattern of the mask M onto the substrate ⁇ at a predetermined projection magnification ⁇ , and is composed of a plurality of optical elements, which are optical tubes PI C Is retained.
- the projection optical system PL is a reduction system having a projection magnification j8 of, for example, 1 Z4, 1/5, or 1Z8, and a reduced image of the pattern of the mask M is projected on the projection area AR conjugate with the illumination area described above.
- the projection optical system PL may be any of a reduction system, a unity magnification system, and an enlargement system.
- the projection optical system PL may be any of a refractive system that does not include a reflective optical element, a reflective system that does not include a refractive optical element, and a reflective refractive system that includes a reflective optical element and a refractive optical element.
- the final optical element LS1 closest to the image plane of the projection optical system PL is exposed from the lens barrel PK.
- the substrate stage PST has a substrate holder PH that holds the substrate P, and is movable on the base member BP on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL.
- the substrate holder PH holds the substrate P by vacuum suction, for example.
- a recess 96 is provided on the substrate stage PST, and a substrate holder PH for holding the substrate P is disposed in the recess 96. Then, the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST other than the recess 96 is a flat surface that is substantially the same height (level) as the surface of the substrate P held by the substrate holder PH. This is because, during the exposure operation of the substrate P, a part of the liquid immersion region LR described above protrudes from the surface of the substrate P and is formed on the upper surface 97.
- the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST for example, a predetermined region surrounding the substrate P (including a range where the liquid immersion region LR protrudes) may be substantially the same as the surface of the substrate P.
- the optical path space K1 on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL can be continuously filled with the liquid LQ (that is, the immersion area LR can be satisfactorily maintained)
- the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST and the substrate holder PH can be provided.
- the substrate holder PH may be formed integrally with a part of the substrate stage PST.
- the substrate holder PH and the substrate stage PST are configured separately, and the substrate holder PH is formed by, for example, vacuum suction. Is fixed in the recess 96.
- the substrate stage PST is XY on the base member BP in a state where the substrate P is held via the substrate holder PH by driving the substrate stage driving device PSTD including a linear motor controlled by the control device CONT. It can move two-dimensionally in the plane and can rotate in the ⁇ Z direction. Furthermore, the substrate stage PST can also be moved in the Z-axis direction, the 0 X direction, and the ⁇ Y direction. Therefore, the upper surface of the substrate P supported by the substrate stage PST can move in directions of six degrees of freedom in the X axis, Y axis, Z axis, 0 X, ⁇ Y, and ⁇ Z directions.
- the control device CONT can adjust the moving speed, moving distance, and moving direction of the substrate stage PST by controlling the substrate stage driving device PSTD.
- a movable mirror 93 is provided on the side surface of the substrate stage PST.
- a laser interferometer 94 is provided at a position facing the movable mirror 93.
- the position and rotation angle of the substrate P on the substrate stage PST in the two-dimensional direction are measured in real time by the laser interferometer 94.
- the exposure apparatus EX includes a focus leveling detection system that detects surface position information of the surface of the substrate P supported by the substrate stage PST.
- the focus / leveling detection system detects surface position information (position information in the Z-axis direction and inclination information in the ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions) of the upper surface of the substrate P.
- the measurement result of the laser interferometer 94 is output to the control device CONT.
- the detection result of the focus leveling detection system is also output to the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT drives the substrate stage drive device PSTD based on the detection result of the focus / leveling detection system, and controls the focus position (Z position) and tilt angle ( ⁇ X, ⁇ ⁇ ) of the substrate P.
- the surface of the substrate P is adjusted to the image plane of the projection optical system PL, and the position control of the substrate P in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the ⁇ Z direction is performed based on the measurement result of the laser interferometer 94.
- the laser interferometer 94 may be provided to face the moving mirror 93, or the position of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction, and ⁇ X and ⁇ Y make it possible to measure direction rotation information.
- Details of the exposure apparatus equipped with a laser interferometer capable of measuring the position of the substrate stage PST in the Z-axis direction are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-510577 (corresponding international publication No. 1999Z28790 pamphlet).
- a reflecting surface formed by mirror-processing a part (side surface, etc.) of the substrate stage PST may be used.
- the focus leveling detection system measures the position information of the substrate P in the Z-axis direction at each of the plurality of measurement points, so that the tilt information (rotation of the substrate P in the ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions)
- the plurality of measurement points may be set at least partially within the immersion area LR (or projection area AR), or all of the measurement points may be in the immersion area LR. It may be set outside.
- the laser interferometer 94 can measure the position information of the substrate P in the Z-axis, ⁇ X and ⁇ Y directions
- the position information in the Z-axis direction can be measured during the exposure operation of the substrate P.
- the position control of the substrate P in the Z-axis, ⁇ X and 0 Y directions is performed using the measurement result of the laser interferometer 94 at least during the exposure operation without the need to provide a focus / repelling detection system. Even so,
- the liquid supply device 11 of the liquid immersion mechanism 1 includes a tank that stores the liquid LQ, a pressure pump, a temperature adjustment device that adjusts the temperature of the liquid LQ to be supplied, and a filter unit that removes foreign matter in the liquid LQ. .
- One end of a supply pipe 13 is connected to the liquid supply device 11, and the other end of the supply pipe 13 is in contact with the nozzle member 70.
- the liquid supply operation of the liquid supply device 11 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT can adjust the liquid supply amount per unit time from the supply port 12 by controlling the liquid supply device 11.
- the tank, pressurization pump, temperature adjustment mechanism, filter unit, etc. of the liquid supply device 11 are all equipped with the exposure equipment EX. Also good.
- the liquid recovery device 21 of the liquid immersion mechanism 1 includes a vacuum system such as a vacuum pump, a gas-liquid separator that separates the recovered liquid LQ and gas, and a tank that stores the recovered liquid LQ. ⁇ .
- a vacuum system such as a vacuum pump
- a gas-liquid separator that separates the recovered liquid LQ and gas
- a tank that stores the recovered liquid LQ. ⁇ .
- One end of a recovery pipe 23 is connected to the liquid recovery apparatus 21, and the other end of the recovery pipe 23 is connected to a nozzle member 70.
- the liquid recovery operation of the liquid recovery device 21 is controlled by the control device CONT.
- the control device CONT can adjust the liquid recovery amount per unit time via the recovery rod 22 by controlling the liquid recovery device 21.
- the vacuum system, gas-liquid separator, tank, etc. of the liquid recovery device 21 may be replaced with facilities such as a factory where the exposure device EX is installed, which is not necessarily provided with the exposure device EX.
- the supply port 12 for supplying the liquid LQ and the recovery port 22 for recovering the liquid LQ are formed on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70.
- the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 is set substantially parallel to the XY plane, and when the substrate stage PST is disposed facing the projection optical system PL (final optical element LSI), the upper surface 97 and Z or the substrate The position is set so that a predetermined gap is formed with the surface of P.
- the nozzle member 70 is an annular member provided so as to surround at least the side surface of the final optical element LSI.
- the supply port 12 is provided on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 on the final optical element LSI (projection) of the projection optical system PL.
- a plurality of optical systems PL are provided so as to surround the optical axis AX).
- the recovery port 22 is provided on the lower surface 7 OA of the nozzle member 70 on the outer side of the supply port 12 with respect to the final optical element LSI, and is provided so as to surround the final optical element LS 1 and the supply port 12.
- the form of the nozzle member (nozzle mechanism) is not limited to the above-described one. Nozzle member (nozzle mechanism) disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 6,962,253) may be used.
- the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 is set to substantially the same height (Z position) as the lower end surface (exit surface) of the projection optical system PL !,
- the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70 may be set closer to the image plane side (substrate side) than the lower end surface of the projection optical system PL.
- a part (lower end portion) of the nozzle member 70 may be provided so as to be buried under the projection optical system PL (final optical element LSI) so as not to block the exposure light EL.
- the supply port 12 is provided on the lower surface 70A of the nozzle member 70.
- the supply port 12 is provided on the inner side surface (inclined surface) of the nozzle member 70 facing the side surface of the final optical element LSI of the projection optical system PL. 12 may be provided.
- the control device CONT supplies a predetermined amount of the liquid LQ onto the substrate P using the liquid supply device 11, and collects a predetermined amount of the liquid LQ on the substrate P using the liquid recovery device 21.
- the optical path space K1 of the exposure light EL between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ
- the liquid LQ immersion region LR is locally formed on the substrate P.
- the control device CONT drives each of the liquid supply device 11 and the liquid recovery device 21.
- the liquid LQ is sent from the liquid supply device 11 under the control of the control device CONT, the liquid LQ sent from the liquid supply device 11 flows through the supply pipe 13 and then the supply flow path of the nozzle member 70.
- the light is supplied from the supply port 12 to the optical path space K1 on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL. Further, when the liquid recovery device 21 is driven under the control device CONT, the liquid LQ on the image plane side of the projection optical system PL flows into the recovery flow path of the nozzle member 70 via the recovery port 22, and the recovery pipe After flowing through 23, the liquid is recovered by the liquid recovery device 21.
- the control device CONT determines the exposure condition.
- the controller CONT detects the state of the immersion area LR while moving the object with the immersion area LR formed on the surface of a predetermined object (for example, the substrate P). (Observation), and based on the detection result (observation result), determine the exposure conditions.
- the control device CONT changes at least one of the movement condition when moving the object and the immersion condition when forming the immersion area LR.
- the state of the immersion region LR is detected (observed) using a predetermined detection device (hereinafter also referred to as an observation device). Furthermore, the control device CONT detects the immersion area LR using the detection device. The result is stored in a memory (storage device) (not shown) inside or outside the exposure apparatus EX in association with the movement condition and the Z or immersion condition at the time of detection. The control device CONT can display the detection result or the stored information on a display device (display) (not shown).
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the state of the liquid immersion region LR is observed using the observation apparatus 30.
- the observation device 30 observes the state of the liquid immersion region LR formed on the surface of a predetermined object.
- the liquid crystal formed on the surface of the substrate P for manufacturing a device is used.
- the control device CONT holds the substrate P on the substrate stage PST (substrate holder PH), and the immersion mechanism 1 on the surface of the substrate P held on the substrate stage PST 1 Is used to form the liquid LQ immersion area LR.
- the liquid immersion mechanism 1 is a liquid immersion area on the substrate P by filling the optical path space K1 between the substrate P and the surface of the substrate P with the final optical element LSI through which the exposure light EL passes with the liquid LQ. Form LR. Then, the controller CONT moves the substrate P by driving the substrate stage PST in a state where the immersion region LR is formed on the surface of the substrate P, and uses the observation device 30 to move the state of the immersion region LR. Observe.
- an observation device 30 is provided with a light projecting unit 31 that emits detection light La, and a predetermined position with respect to the detection light La emitted from the light projecting unit 31, and receives the detection light La. And possible light receiver 32.
- the light projecting unit 31 irradiates the surface of the substrate P with the detection light La from an oblique direction.
- the light receiving unit 32 is provided at a position where the reflected light of the detection light La irradiated on the surface of the substrate P by the light projecting unit 31 can be received.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the surface of the substrate P when the state of the immersion region LR is observed.
- the detection light La is irradiated to each of a plurality of predetermined positions on the surface of the substrate P.
- the plurality of detection lights La emitted from the light projecting unit 31 are applied to the vicinity of the edge (end) LG of the liquid immersion region LR formed on the substrate P.
- the light projecting unit 31 irradiates each of a plurality of positions near the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR on the surface of the substrate P so as to surround the liquid immersion area LR. That is, the optical paths of the plurality of detection lights La emitted from the light projecting unit 31 are set so as to surround the liquid immersion area LR.
- the plane of the detection light La irradiated on the surface of the substrate P The visual shape is a slit shape.
- the control device CONT forms the liquid immersion area LR on the surface of the substrate P in a state where the detection light La is emitted from the light projecting unit 31.
- each of the plurality of detection lights La is outside the edge LG of the immersion region LR on the surface of the substrate P. It will be irradiated at a position that is a predetermined distance away. That is, when the immersion area LR is formed in a desired state, each of the plurality of detection lights La emitted from the light projecting unit 31 is not irradiated to the liquid LQ in the immersion area LR, and the liquid LQ It is provided so as to reach the light receiving part 32 without going through.
- the optical paths of the plurality of detection lights La irradiated near the edge LG of the immersion region LR irradiation positions on the substrate P
- the liquid LQ cannot be held between the final optical element LSI and the substrate P, and the liquid LQ filled in the optical path space K1 leaks or the liquid immersion area LR is preset (desired (desired) If the position of the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR relative to the optical path space K1 changes and the position of the edge LG changes, the liquid LQ intervenes in the optical path of the detection light La.
- the light receiving state of the light receiving unit 32 differs between the state in which the detection light La is irradiated on the liquid LQ and the state in which the liquid LQ is not irradiated.
- the observation device 30 can observe the state of the liquid immersion region LR with respect to the optical path space K1 using the light projecting unit 31 and the light receiving unit 32. Then, the control device CONT can determine whether or not the liquid LQ has leaked from the optical path space K1 by observing the position of the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR with respect to the optical path space K1 using the observation device 30. it can.
- control device CONT is based on the light reception result of the light receiving unit 32 when the light projecting unit 31 irradiates the detection light La in the vicinity of the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR! It is possible to observe the state of the immersion region LR including leakage of liquid LQ filled with K1.
- the control device CONT determines from the optical path space K1 based on the light reception result of the light receiving unit 32.
- the direction of the leaking liquid LQ can be observed.
- the plurality of detection lights La are distributed in a rectangular shape on the substrate P.
- the detection light La may be distributed in substantially the same shape (circular shape in FIG. 3) as the outer shape of the immersion region LR.
- the shape of the detection light La on the substrate P is a slit shape, but the shape is not limited to this, and other shapes such as a circular shape may be used.
- the detection light La does not necessarily have to be irradiated so as to surround the liquid immersion area LR.
- the detection light La may be irradiated only on both sides of the liquid immersion area LR in the scanning direction (Y direction).
- the control device CONT moves the substrate P by driving the substrate stage PST while the immersion area LR is formed on the surface of the substrate P using the immersion mechanism 1.
- the state of the immersion region LR is observed using the observation device 30.
- the control device CONT changes the immersion region LR using the observation device 30 while changing at least one of the movement condition when moving the substrate P and the immersion condition when forming the immersion region LR.
- the moving condition of the substrate P includes at least one of the moving speed, moving distance, and moving direction of the substrate P.
- the liquid immersion condition includes at least one of the liquid supply amount per unit time from the supply port 12 on the substrate P (optical path space K1) and the liquid recovery amount per unit time via the recovery port 22. .
- the control device CONT can change the moving condition of the substrate P held by the substrate stage PST by controlling the substrate stage driving device PSTD, and forms the liquid immersion region LR by controlling the liquid immersion mechanism 1.
- the immersion conditions can be changed.
- FIG. 4 shows the projection optical system PL and the immersion region LR and the substrate P when the substrate P is moved with the immersion region LR formed on the surface of the substrate P in order to determine the exposure conditions. It is a diagram schematically showing the positional relationship. For example, as shown by an arrow yl in FIG. 4, the control device CONT moves the optical axis AX (projection area AR) of the projection optical system PL and the substrate P relative to each other while using the observation device 30. Observe the state of region LR.
- AX projection area AR
- the control device CONT determines, for example, the moving speed when moving the substrate P (substrate stage PST) in the Y-axis direction under the movement locus indicated by the arrow yl in FIG.
- the state of the immersion region LR is observed using the observation device 30 while changing each of the liquid supply amount per unit time from the supply port 12 when forming the immersion region LR.
- the control device CONT controls the substrate stage drive device PSTD to change the moving speed of the substrate P (substrate stage PST), for example, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700 mm / sec.
- the liquid supply rate per unit time from the supply port 12 is set to 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500 ml / min, for example, by controlling the liquid immersion mechanism 1.
- the state of the immersion region LR is observed under each moving speed condition and liquid supply amount condition.
- the movement trajectory of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) indicated by the arrow yl in FIG. 4 is an example of the movement trajectory when the substrate P is moved in order to manufacture a device.
- each of the plurality of shot areas S1 to S21 set in a matrix on the substrate P is exposed. That is, in this embodiment, when observing the immersion region LR to determine the exposure conditions, the control device CONT has the same movement locus as that when the substrate P is exposed to manufacture a device.
- the substrate P is moved, and the immersion area LR is observed while changing the moving speed and the liquid supply amount per unit time at that time.
- the state of the immersion region LR may change depending on the moving speed of the substrate P (substrate stage PST). For example, the substrate P (substrate stage PST) is moved while the optical path space K1 between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ and the liquid immersion region LR is formed on the substrate P.
- the liquid LQ in the immersion area LR may be pulled by the moving substrate P and leak from the optical path space K1.
- a state where a gas portion is formed in the optical path space K1 hereinafter, referred to as “liquid running out state” as appropriate
- bubbles may be generated in the liquid LQ.
- the control device CONT changes the moving speed of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and observes the state of the liquid immersion area LR using the observation device 30, so that, for example, the liquid LQ leaks, the liquid runs out, etc. It is possible to determine the moving speed, that is, the optimum moving speed as high as possible over the range of no inconvenience!
- the state of the liquid immersion region LR may change according to the amount of liquid supplied from the supply port 12 per unit time. For example, if the liquid supply amount per unit time is excessively increased, the liquid LQ may leak from the optical path space K1. On the other hand, if the liquid supply amount per unit time is small, a liquid outage condition may occur. Therefore, the control device CONT By observing the state of the immersion area LR using the observation device 30 while changing the amount of liquid supplied from the supply port 12 per unit time, inconveniences such as leakage of liquid LQ and running out of liquid may not occur. An optimum liquid supply rate per unit time can be determined.
- the detection light La is irradiated in the vicinity of the edge LG of the liquid immersion region LR as in the present embodiment, it is difficult to determine whether or not the force has caused the liquid shortage.
- the mask M having a predetermined pattern is held on the mask stage MST, and the mask M is illuminated with the exposure light EL.
- the pattern image of the mask M is projected onto the substrate P via the projection optical system PL and the liquid LQ in the immersion area LR, and after the substrate P is processed, the pattern shape formed on the substrate P is observed. By doing so, it is possible to determine whether or not the liquid has run out.
- the observation device 30 irradiates the object (substrate P) where the liquid immersion area LR is formed with the detection light La via the liquid LQ, so that the liquid immersion area LR is out of liquid. It may be detected.
- the detection light La irradiated so as to surround the liquid immersion area LR
- the light receiving section 32 cannot receive the detection light La via the liquid LQ. Can be used to detect the state of the immersion region LR.
- the force for observing the immersion region LR while changing both the moving speed of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and the amount of liquid supplied per unit time Substrate P (substrate stage PST)
- the liquid immersion area LR is observed while changing either the moving speed or the liquid supply amount per unit time. Based on the observation results, the moving speed of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and the per unit time Either one of the liquid supply amounts may be determined.
- the movement condition of the substrate P includes the movement distance of the substrate P (substrate stage PST). Then, there is a possibility that the state of the liquid immersion region LR changes depending on the moving distance of the substrate P (substrate stage PST).
- a predetermined direction (Y-axis direction) with respect to the optical path space K1 When moving the substrate P (substrate stage PST) to a predetermined direction (Y-axis direction), the substrate P (substrate stage PST) The longer the moving distance, the more difficult it is to hold the liquid LQ between the projection optical system PL and the substrate P, compared to the case where the moving distance is short, and the liquid LQ may leak from the optical path space K1. Get higher.
- control device CONT changes the movement distance of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) in a predetermined direction (Y-axis direction) and observes the state of the liquid immersion region LR using the observation device 30 to change the liquid LQ. It is possible to determine the optimum moving distance condition (for example, the maximum movable distance) that does not cause inconvenience such as leakage.
- the moving condition of the substrate P includes the moving direction of the substrate P (substrate stage PST). Then, there is a possibility that the state of the immersion region LR changes depending on the moving direction of the substrate P (substrate stage PST). As indicated by the arrow yl in FIG. 4, the control device CONT tilts the substrate P (substrate stage PST) with respect to the projection optical system PL with respect to the X axis direction, the Y axis direction, and the X axis (Y axis).
- the liquid LQ may leak, a liquid breakage may occur, or bubbles may be generated in the liquid LQ.
- the control device CONT changes the moving direction (movement locus) of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and observes the state of the liquid immersion region LR using the observation device 30 to detect leakage of the liquid LQ, etc. It is possible to determine the optimum movement direction (movement locus) of the substrate P (substrate stage PST) without causing any inconvenience.
- the liquid immersion condition when forming the liquid immersion region LR includes the amount of liquid recovered per unit time via the recovery port 22. Then, there is a possibility that the state of the immersion region LR changes depending on the liquid recovery amount per unit time. For example, if the amount of recovered liquid per unit time is excessively increased, problems such as running out of liquid may occur. On the other hand, if the amount of liquid recovered per unit time is small, the liquid LQ may leak from the optical path space K1. Therefore, the control device CONT changes the amount of liquid recovered per unit time via the recovery port 22 while observing the state of the immersion area LR using the observation device 30 to obtain the optimal liquid per unit time. The amount recovered can be determined.
- the moving condition and the immersion condition are included.
- the controller CONT exposes the substrate P for manufacturing a device based on the determined exposure conditions.
- the control device CONT forms an immersion region LR on the substrate P based on the determined immersion condition, and moves the substrate P based on the determined movement condition, while the projection optical system PL.
- the substrate P is exposed by irradiating the exposure light EL onto the substrate P through the liquid LQ in the immersion region LR.
- the observation device 30 is used to observe the state of the immersion region LR while changing the movement condition of the substrate P and the immersion condition when forming the Z or immersion region LR. Based on the observation results, the exposure conditions including the movement conditions and immersion conditions of the substrate P are determined. By exposing the substrate P based on the determined exposure conditions, the liquid LQ The substrate P can be exposed satisfactorily while suppressing the occurrence of inconvenience such as leakage and running out of liquid.
- the observation apparatus 30 of the present embodiment can be used as an oblique incidence type focus / leveling detection system that detects surface position information of the surface of the substrate P.
- a grazing incidence type focus' leveling detection system can be used.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the second embodiment.
- the observation device 40 is provided so as to correspond to the plurality of light projecting units 41 8 to 4111 and the light projecting units 41 A to 41H provided outside the substrate stage!
- a plurality of light receiving parts 42A to 42H are provided.
- the light projecting parts 41A to 41H and the light receiving parts 42A to 42H are fixed to a predetermined fixing member provided at a position away from the substrate stage PST.
- the observation device 40 emits detection light La from each of the light projecting units 41A to 41H, which is substantially parallel to the XY plane, that is, substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate P and the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST. .
- the plurality of detection lights La emitted from each of the light projecting units 41A to 41H are applied to the vicinity of the edge LG of the liquid LQ immersion region LR formed on the substrate P.
- the observation device 40 irradiates the detection light La to each of a plurality of positions near the edge LG of the liquid immersion region LR from a plurality of directions different from each other by the light projecting units 41A to 41H.
- the light projecting units 41A and 41B irradiate the vicinity of the edge LG of the liquid immersion region LR with the detection light La from a direction substantially parallel to the X-axis direction.
- the light projecting units 41E and 4IF radiate the detection light La from a direction substantially parallel to the Y-axis direction.
- the light projecting units 41C and 41D irradiate the detection light La to the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR in the tilt direction with respect to the X-axis (Y-axis) direction, and the light projecting units 41G and 41H
- the light portions 41C and 41D are also irradiated with the detection light La from a different inclination direction from the emitted detection light La. That is, the optical paths of the plurality of detection lights La emitted from the light projecting units 41A to 41H are set so as to surround the liquid immersion region LR.
- the two detection lights La emitted from each of the light projecting units 41A and 41B are irradiated so as to irradiate near the edges LG on both sides of the liquid immersion area LR across the liquid immersion area LR. This is provided.
- the two detection lights La emitted from each of the light projecting parts 41C and 41D are irradiated to the vicinity of the edges LG on both sides of the liquid immersion area LR, and emitted from each of the light projecting parts 41E and 41F.
- the two detection lights La are applied to the edges LG near both sides of the immersion area LR, and the two detection lights La emitted from the light projecting parts 41G and 41H are both sides of the immersion area LR. It is set to irradiate each near the edge LG.
- the optical path of the detection light La is located at a position away from the edge LG of the immersion region LR by a predetermined distance. Is set. That is, when the liquid immersion area LR is formed in a desired state, the detection light La emitted from each of the light projecting units 41A to 41H is not irradiated to the liquid LQ in the liquid immersion area LR, and does not pass through the liquid LQ. In order to reach the light receiving parts 42A to 42H,
- the pair (two) of the detection lights La irradiated from the same direction among the plurality of detection lights La are applied to the vicinity of the edges LG on both sides of the liquid immersion region LR, respectively. Because the optical path of multiple detection lights La is set so as to surround the liquid immersion area LR. Liquid immersion area LR force The direction of the flowing liquid LQ can also be detected.
- the control device CONT can observe the state of the immersion region LR including the leakage of the liquid LQ based on the light reception results of the light receiving units 42A to 42H.
- the control device CONT uses the observation device 40 to change the immersion region LR while changing at least one of the movement conditions when moving the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and the immersion conditions when forming the immersion region LR. And the optimum exposure condition can be determined based on the observation result.
- the force that irradiates the substrate P with a pair of detection lights La from four different directions including the X-axis and Y-axis directions is not limited to this, and is not limited to this, but not more than 3, or not less than 5
- the detection light La may be irradiated from each direction, and the direction may not include the X-axis or Y-axis direction.
- the number of detection lights La irradiated from the same direction is not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.
- an image sensor 50 as an observation device is provided on the side surface of the nozzle member 70.
- the imaging element 50 is provided so as to face the substrate P, and the position of the edge LG of the liquid immersion area LR with respect to the optical path space K1 can be observed.
- a plurality of imaging elements 50 are provided side by side in the circumferential direction of the side surface of the nozzle member 70.
- the control device CONT can observe the state of the immersion region LR including the leakage of the liquid LQ.
- the controller CONT uses the moving conditions for moving the substrate P (substrate stage PST) and the immersion conditions for forming the immersion area LR. While changing at least one of the above, the imaging area 50 can be used to image the immersion area LR, and the state of the immersion area LR can be observed based on the imaging result.
- the control device CONT can determine the optimum exposure condition based on the observation result.
- the imaging element 50 is not limited to the force fixed to the nozzle member 70, and may be fixed to another member such as a support member that supports the projection optical system PL.
- the liquid immersion region LR is formed on the substrate P for manufacturing the device.
- the state of the immersion region LR may change depending on the surface conditions of the object on which the immersion region LR is formed.
- the surface condition of the object includes a contact angle condition for the liquid LQ on the surface of the object. If the surface condition of the object on which the immersion area LR is formed when determining the exposure conditions is different from the surface condition of the substrate P on which the immersion area LR is formed when performing exposure for manufacturing a device, Even if the substrate P is subjected to immersion exposure based on the determined exposure conditions, the state of the immersion region LR during the immersion exposure of the substrate P may not be maintained in a desired state.
- the surface condition of the object on which the immersion region LR is formed when determining the exposure conditions and the surface of the substrate P on which the immersion region LR is formed when performing exposure for manufacturing the device If the conditions are almost the same, the optimum exposure condition can be determined based on the observation result of the state of the immersion region LR formed on the surface of the object. Therefore, the optimum exposure condition can be determined based on the observation result when the state of the immersion region LR formed on the surface of the object having a surface condition substantially equivalent to the surface condition of the substrate P is observed.
- a dummy substrate which is set to a surface condition substantially equal to the surface condition of the substrate P and can be held on the substrate stage PST (substrate holder PH) can be mentioned.
- a part of the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST may be set to a surface condition substantially equal to the surface of the substrate P, and the liquid immersion region LR formed on the upper surface 97 may be observed.
- the immersion region LR when the state of the immersion region LR is detected, the immersion region LR is formed on the surface so that the movement locus indicated by the arrow yl in FIG. Object (substrate While moving the P, etc., at least one of the movement conditions of the substrate P and the immersion conditions when forming the immersion area LR may be changed. After the movement, at least one of the movement condition and the liquid immersion condition may be changed, and the substrate P may be moved again along the movement locus based on the changed condition. This is because the optimum exposure conditions may differ depending on the position on the substrate P (shot area).
- the state of the liquid immersion region LR may be detected over the entire movement trajectory, but a part of the movement trajectory (one of the shot regions S1 to S21 expected to be different from the optimum exposure condition, for example). It is also possible to detect the state of the immersion area LR only by Further, when detecting the state of the immersion region LR, the substrate P does not necessarily have to move along its movement locus, for example, the shot region near the center of the substrate P and a part of the immersion region LR are not in the substrate. The substrate P may be moved so that the shot area near the outer periphery that protrudes outward is moved relative to the projection area AR (immersion area LR).
- the object may be placed on a different movable member (for example, a measurement stage described later) to detect the state of the liquid immersion area LR.
- the number of forces using the plurality of detection lights La or the image sensor 50 is not limited to the above, and may be arbitrary, or the number may be one.
- the exposure apparatus EX shown in FIG. 7 includes a substrate stage PST that holds the substrate P and a measurement stage KST that is equipped with a measuring instrument that performs measurements related to the exposure process and that can move independently of the substrate stage PST. I have.
- the measurement stage KST is equipped with a reference member with a reference mark and Z or various photoelectric sensors.
- the measuring stage KST is provided with an observation device 60 that can observe the state of the immersion region LR.
- Observation device 60 Is provided inside the measurement stage KST. Details of the measurement stage KST are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-135400 (corresponding international publication No. 1999Z23692), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-164504 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,897,963). ing.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the observation device 60.
- an opening 64K is formed on the measurement stage KST, and a transparent member 64 is disposed in the opening 64K.
- the transparent member 64 is made of, for example, a glass plate.
- the upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64 is a flat surface.
- the upper surface 98 other than the opening 64K on the measurement stage KST is also a flat surface.
- the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST and the upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64 disposed in the opening 64K are provided so as to be substantially the same height (level), and the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST is The upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64 is included.
- the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST and the upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64 have surface conditions (contact angles) that are substantially the same as those of the substrate P. Note that only a part of the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST, for example, a predetermined region surrounding the transparent member 64 (including the formation range of the liquid immersion region LR) may be substantially the same as the surface 65 of the transparent member 64. Further, at least a part of the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST, which is substantially the same height as the surface 65 of the transparent member 64, may not have the surface condition substantially equivalent to that of the substrate P. In this case, the transparent member 64 having the surface 65 that has substantially the same surface condition as that of the substrate P may have a size that is equal to or larger than the immersion region LR.
- the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST including the upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64 and the upper surface 97 of the substrate stage PST can be arranged at substantially the same height position (Z position).
- the positional information of the measurement stage KST in the 6 degrees of freedom direction can be measured by, for example, a laser interferometer. .
- an internal space 66 connected to the opening 64 K is formed.
- the observation device 60 is arranged in the internal space 66 of the measurement stage KST.
- the observation device 60 includes an optical system 61 disposed on the lower side of the transparent member 64, and an image pickup device 63 configured by a CCD or the like.
- the image sensor 63 can acquire an optical image (image) of the liquid immersion area LR via the transparent member 64 and the optical system 61.
- the image sensor 63 converts the acquired image into an electric signal and outputs the signal (image information) to the control device CONT.
- the observation device 60 has an adjustment mechanism 62 that can adjust the focal position of the optical system 61. Also see
- the observation device 60 has a visual field capable of observing the entire immersion area LR.
- the observation device 60 can observe the state of the liquid immersion region LR from below the liquid immersion region LR via the transparent member 64.
- the entire observation device 60 may be arranged inside the measurement stage KST.
- some of the optical elements constituting the optical system 61 and Z or the image sensor 63 may be included in the measurement stage KST. It's arranged outside of you.
- the adjustment mechanism 62 may be omitted.
- the control device CONT moves the transparent member 64 (measurement stage KST) in a state where the liquid immersion region LR is formed on the upper surface 65 of the transparent member 64, and uses the observation device 60 to adjust the liquid immersion region LR. Observe the condition. For example, the state of the liquid immersion region LR is observed with the observation device 60 while causing the measurement stage KST to perform a pseudo scanning operation. In the present embodiment, the observation device 60 observes the state of the liquid immersion region LR from below through the transparent member 64, and the liquid LQ leaks, the liquid runs out, and the bubbles generated in the liquid LQ Each can be observed.
- the controller CONT uses the image sensor 63 to change the immersion area while changing at least one of the moving condition when moving the transparent member 64 (measurement stage KST) and the immersion condition when forming the immersion area LR.
- the LR can be imaged, and the state of the immersion area LR can be observed based on the imaging result. Then, the control device CONT can determine the optimum exposure condition based on the observation result.
- the measurement stage KST prior to the detection of the state of the immersion region LR, the measurement stage KST is disposed opposite to the projection optical system PL by exchanging with the substrate stage PST, and then the immersion mechanism 1 performs the final operation.
- the optical path space K1 between the optical element LSI and the transparent member 64 may be filled with the liquid LQ to form the liquid immersion area LR, or the liquid immersion area LR on the upper surface 97 (including the surface of the substrate P).
- the substrate stage PST on which the liquid crystal is formed and the measurement stage KST are in contact (or approached) and are driven in a predetermined direction so that the immersion area LR is moved to the final optical element LSI (and the nozzle member 70) of the projection optical system PL.
- the substrate stage PST may be moved to the measurement stage KST while being maintained (held). In the latter case, it is preferable to move the immersion area LR with the upper surface 97, 98 set to approximately the same height (Z position) on the substrate stage PST and the measurement stage KST.
- the observation device 60 is not limited to the imaging method.
- the observation apparatus 60 since the observation apparatus 60 is not mounted on the measurement stage KST, at least a part of the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST may be set to a surface condition substantially equivalent to that of the substrate P.
- the measurement stage KST is arranged opposite to the projection optical system PL, and the liquid immersion area LR is formed on the upper surface 98 thereof.
- the measurement stage KST is arranged opposite to the projection optical system PL, and the liquid immersion area LR is formed on the upper surface 98 thereof.
- it is disclosed in any one of the first to third embodiments described above. What is necessary is just to observe the state of the immersion region LR using an observation device.
- a plurality of regions having different surface conditions may be set on the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST.
- the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST by coating the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST or by providing the aforementioned dummy substrate or transparent member 64 on the measurement stage KST, at least a part of the upper surface 98 of the measurement stage KST is almost the same as the substrate P.
- the surface conditions should be equivalent.
- the observation device 60 may be provided on the substrate stage PST. Further, as described above, the state of the liquid immersion region LR may change depending on the contact angle of the liquid LQ on the surface of the object where the liquid immersion region LR is formed. The state of the immersion region LR may be observed while changing the contact angle of the member surface with the liquid LQ. This is effective when each of the substrates P having different surface conditions is exposed. In order to determine the optimum exposure conditions prior to the exposure operation, the transparent member 64 having the same surface conditions as that of the different substrates P is used. If the condition of the immersion area LR is detected after replacement.
- the control device CONT determines the optimum exposure condition based on the observation result of the observation device stored in the memory.
- the observation result of the observation device Based on this, for example, the operator may determine the optimum exposure condition.
- the observation result of the observation device may be displayed on a display device, and the operator may determine optimum exposure conditions based on the display result.
- the optimal exposure condition cannot be determined by the control device CONT, or when the determined optimal exposure condition is abnormal, for example, a warning may be displayed on the display device.
- the optimum exposure condition is determined by detecting the state of the immersion region LR while changing the above-described movement conditions, in particular, the movement speed of the substrate P (scanning speed of the substrate at the time of scanning exposure). At that time, the determined exposure condition (including the scanning speed) may be different from the initial value set in the control device CONT.
- the liquid immersion area LR is in a state where the liquid LQ that is filled in the optical path space K1 leaks (that is, whether or not the liquid LQ leaks and Z or the leakage direction), the liquid runs out, and As a means of detecting information related to at least one of the bubbles in the liquid LQ! / But not limited to this, for example, at least one of the position, size and shape of the immersion area LR Try to detect it instead of or together with the information.
- acceleration may be included as the moving condition described above, and the flow rate, pressure, and the like of the liquid LQ during supply and Z or recovery may be included as the liquid immersion condition described above. Good.
- the liquid LQ If a gas injection mechanism (gas seal mechanism) is installed to suppress leakage of the liquid, the state of the immersion area LR is monitored while changing the flow rate and Z or flow rate of the injected gas as the immersion condition. Even if you want to observe at ⁇ .
- a gas injection mechanism gas seal mechanism
- the liquid LQ in each of the above embodiments is pure water.
- Pure water has the advantage that it can be easily obtained in large quantities at semiconductor manufacturing plants and the like, and has no adverse effects on the photoresist, optical elements (lenses), etc. on the substrate P.
- pure water has no adverse effects on the environment, and since the impurity content is extremely low, it can be expected to clean the surface of the substrate P and the surface of the optical element provided on the front end surface of the projection optical system PL. .
- the exposure apparatus may have an ultrapure water production device.
- the refractive index n of pure water (water) for exposure light EL with a wavelength of about 193 nm is said to be approximately 1. 44, and ArF excimer laser light (wavelength 193 nm) is used as the light source of exposure light EL.
- lZn that is, the wavelength is shortened to about 134 nm to obtain a high resolution.
- the numerical aperture of the projection optical system PL can be increased further, and the resolution is improved in this respect as well.
- the optical element LSI is attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL, and the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL, for example, aberration (spherical aberration, coma aberration, etc.) are adjusted by this lens. It can be carried out.
- the optical element attached to the tip of the projection optical system PL may be an optical plate (such as a cover plate) used for adjusting the optical characteristics of the projection optical system PL. Or it may be a plane parallel plate that can transmit the exposure light EL.
- the structure of the liquid immersion mechanism 1 including the nozzle member 70 is not limited to the above-described structure.
- European Patent Publication No. 1420 298, International Publication No. 2004Z055803, International Publication No. 2004/057590, International Publication No. Those described in the publication No. 2005Z029559 can be used.
- the space between the projection optical system PL and the surface of the substrate P is filled with the liquid LQ.
- the liquid LQ may be filled at least between the surface.
- the projection optical system of the above-described embodiment is disclosed in International Publication No. 2004Z019128 pamphlet that fills the optical path space on the image plane side of the tip optical element (LSI) with liquid.
- LSI tip optical element
- the liquid LQ in each of the above embodiments is water (pure water), but may be a liquid other than water.
- the light source of the exposure light EL is an F laser
- the F laser Light penetrates water
- PFPE fluorine-based fluids
- fluorine-based oils such as fluorine-based oils
- the portion that comes into contact with the liquid LQ is made lyophilic by, for example, forming a thin film with a substance having a small molecular structure including fluorine.
- the liquid LQ is stable against the photoresist applied to the projection optical system PL and the substrate P, which is transparent to the exposure light EL and has a refractive index as high as possible (for example, Cedar). Oil) is also possible [0091]
- the liquid LQ may have a refractive index of about 1.6 to 1.8.
- the optical element LSI may be formed of a material having a refractive index higher than that of quartz or fluorite and having a material (eg, 1.6 or more).
- the liquid LQ various liquids such as a supercritical fluid can be used.
- the liquid immersion region LR may be formed by supplying the liquid LQ having substantially the same temperature as the temperature of the substrate P. As a result, thermal deformation of the substrate P due to a temperature difference from the liquid LQ can be prevented.
- the positional information of the mask stage MST, the substrate stage PST, and the measurement stage KST is measured using an interferometer system (92, 94, etc.).
- an encoder system that detects a scale (diffraction grating) provided in each stage may be used.
- a hybrid system that includes both an interferometer system and an encoder system, and calibrate the measurement results of the encoder system using the measurement results of the interferometer system.
- the position control of the stage may be performed by switching between the interferometer system and the encoder system or using both.
- the substrate P in each of the above embodiments is used not only for a semiconductor wafer for manufacturing a semiconductor device but also for a glass substrate for a display device, a ceramic wafer for a thin film magnetic head, or an exposure apparatus.
- Mask or reticle master synthetic quartz, silicon wafer, etc. are applied.
- the exposure apparatus EX in addition to the step-and-scan type scanning exposure apparatus (scanning stepper) that performs the mask exposure of the mask M by moving the mask M and the substrate P synchronously, the mask is used.
- the present invention can also be applied to a step-and-repeat projection exposure apparatus (steno) in which the pattern of the mask M is collectively exposed while M and the substrate P are stationary, and the substrate P is sequentially moved stepwise.
- a reduced image of the first pattern is projected with the first pattern and the substrate P substantially stationary (for example, a refraction type that does not include a reflective element at a 1Z8 reduction magnification). It can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that uses a projection optical system) to perform batch exposure on the substrate P. In this case, after that, with the second pattern and the substrate P still in a substantially stationary state, The present invention can also be applied to a stitch type batch exposure apparatus that uses a projection optical system to partially expose a reduced pattern on the substrate P while partially overlapping the first pattern.
- the stitch type exposure apparatus can also be applied to a step 'and' stitch type exposure apparatus in which at least two patterns are partially overlapped and transferred on the substrate P, and the substrate P is sequentially moved. Even in these types of exposure apparatuses, the optimum exposure conditions for the immersion exposure can be obtained effectively according to the present invention.
- the exposure apparatus provided with the projection optical system PL has been described as an example.
- an exposure apparatus and an exposure method that do not use the projection optical system PL are applied to the present invention. Can do.
- the projection optical system PL is not used as described above, the exposure light is irradiated onto the substrate through an optical member such as a mask or a lens, and the liquid is applied to a predetermined space between the optical member and the substrate. An immersion area is formed.
- the present invention relates to JP-A-10-163099 and JP-A-10-214783 (corresponding US Pat. No. 6,590,634), JP-T 2000-505958 (corresponding US Pat. No. 5). , 969, 441) / US Patent No. 6, 208, 407, etc.
- Applicable to twin-stage type exposure apparatus having multiple substrate stages In this case, the optimum exposure condition may be obtained by detecting the state of the immersion area using each of the plurality of substrate stages! However, it is also possible to detect the state of the immersion area using only a part of the plurality of substrate stages and obtain the optimum exposure conditions!
- an exposure apparatus that locally fills the liquid between the projection optical system PL and the substrate ⁇ is employed, but the present invention is disclosed in JP-A-6-124873, Liquid immersion in which exposure is performed with the entire surface of the substrate to be exposed immersed in the liquid as disclosed in JP-A-10-303114 and US Pat. No. 5,825,043. It is also applicable to exposure equipment.
- the type of the exposure apparatus EX is not limited to an exposure apparatus for manufacturing a semiconductor element that exposes a semiconductor element pattern onto the substrate P.
- An exposure apparatus for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element or a display, a thin film magnetic head, an imaging device It can be widely applied to exposure devices for manufacturing devices (CCD), micromachines, MEMS, DNA chips, reticles or masks.
- CCD compact computer
- MEMS micromachines
- DNA chips DNA chips
- reticles or masks masks.
- force using a light-transmitting mask in which a predetermined light-shielding pattern (or phase pattern 'dimming pattern') is formed on a light-transmitting substrate.
- a predetermined light-shielding pattern or phase pattern 'dimming pattern'
- an electronic mask (variable molding mask) that forms a transmission pattern, a reflection pattern, or a light emission pattern based on electronic data of a pattern to be exposed.
- a DMD Digital Micro-mirror Device
- a non-light emitting image display element spatial light modulator
- an exposure apparatus (lithography system) that exposes a line 'and' space pattern on the substrate P by forming interference fringes on the substrate P. ) Can also be applied to the present invention.
- JP-T-2004-519850 corresponding US Pat. No. 6,611,316
- two mask patterns are combined on the substrate via a projection optical system.
- the present invention can also be applied to an exposure apparatus that performs double exposure of one shot area on the substrate almost simultaneously by one scan exposure.
- the exposure apparatus EX of the present embodiment has various mechanical subsystems including the respective constituent elements recited in the claims of the present application with predetermined mechanical accuracy, electrical accuracy, and optical accuracy. Manufactured by assembling to keep. In order to ensure these various accuracies, before and after the assembly, various optical systems are adjusted to achieve optical accuracy, various mechanical systems are adjusted to achieve mechanical accuracy, various electrical systems Is adjusted to achieve electrical accuracy.
- the assembly process from various subsystems to the exposure system includes mechanical connections, electrical circuit wiring connections, and pneumatic circuit piping connections between the various subsystems. Needless to say, there is an assembly process for each subsystem before the assembly process from the various subsystems to the exposure apparatus.
- the exposure equipment is manufactured at a temperature and It is desirable to perform in a clean room where the degree of leanness is controlled.
- a microdevice such as a semiconductor device includes a step 201 for designing a function / performance of the microdevice, a step 202 for producing a mask (reticle) based on the design step, Step 203 of manufacturing a substrate as a base material, a step of exposing the mask pattern to the substrate by the exposure apparatus EX of the above-described embodiment, a step of developing the exposed substrate, a heating (curing) of the developed substrate, and an etching step
- the substrate is manufactured through a step 204 including a substrate processing process, a device assembly step (including processing processes such as a dicing process, a bonding process, and a knocking process) 205, an inspection step 206, and the like.
- the present invention it is possible to determine the optimum exposure condition when exposing the substrate through the liquid in the immersion area, and to satisfactorily expose the substrate based on the determined exposure condition. it can. Therefore, the present invention relates to an exposure method and apparatus for manufacturing a wide range of products such as semiconductor elements, liquid crystal display elements or displays, thin film magnetic heads, CCDs, micromachines, MEMS, DNA chips, and reticles (masks). Extremely useful.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/887,344 US9239524B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | Exposure condition determination method, exposure method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method involving detection of the situation of a liquid immersion region |
EP06730623A EP1865539A4 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | METHOD FOR DETERMINING EXPOSURE CONDITIONS, EXPOSURE METHOD, EXPOSURE DEVICE, AND DEVICE PRODUCTION APPARATUS |
KR1020077018572A KR101197071B1 (ko) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 노광 조건의 결정 방법, 노광 방법 및 노광 장치, 그리고디바이스 제조 방법 |
JP2007512860A JP4605219B2 (ja) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 露光条件の決定方法、露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
US14/757,542 US20160124317A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2015-12-23 | Exposure condition determination method, exposure method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method involving detection of the situation of a liquid immersion region |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005-098047 | 2005-03-30 | ||
JP2005098047 | 2005-03-30 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US11/887,344 A-371-Of-International US9239524B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | Exposure condition determination method, exposure method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method involving detection of the situation of a liquid immersion region |
US14/757,542 Division US20160124317A1 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2015-12-23 | Exposure condition determination method, exposure method, exposure apparatus, and device manufacturing method involving detection of the situation of a liquid immersion region |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2006106832A1 true WO2006106832A1 (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
Family
ID=37073388
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2006/306675 WO2006106832A1 (ja) | 2005-03-30 | 2006-03-30 | 露光条件の決定方法、露光方法及び露光装置、並びにデバイス製造方法 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9239524B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1865539A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4605219B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101197071B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006106832A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
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JP2008300771A (ja) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Nikon Corp | 液浸露光装置、デバイス製造方法、及び露光条件の決定方法 |
JP2010219510A (ja) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-30 | Asml Netherlands Bv | リソグラフィ装置、リソグラフィ装置の制御方法及びデバイス製造方法 |
US20140362354A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-12-11 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US10627721B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2020-04-21 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithography apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a device |
US12070951B2 (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2024-08-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid discharge apparatus, imprint apparatus, and detection method |
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Cited By (11)
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JP2008300771A (ja) * | 2007-06-04 | 2008-12-11 | Nikon Corp | 液浸露光装置、デバイス製造方法、及び露光条件の決定方法 |
JP2010219510A (ja) * | 2009-02-19 | 2010-09-30 | Asml Netherlands Bv | リソグラフィ装置、リソグラフィ装置の制御方法及びデバイス製造方法 |
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US20140362354A1 (en) * | 2011-12-08 | 2014-12-11 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US20170307984A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2017-10-26 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US10642159B2 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2020-05-05 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US10942457B2 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2021-03-09 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US11360394B2 (en) | 2011-12-08 | 2022-06-14 | Nikon Corporation | Information calculation method, exposure apparatus, exposure method, device manufacturing method, program, and recording medium |
US10627721B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2020-04-21 | Asml Netherlands B.V. | Lithography apparatus, and a method of manufacturing a device |
US12070951B2 (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2024-08-27 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid discharge apparatus, imprint apparatus, and detection method |
JP7565747B2 (ja) | 2020-10-14 | 2024-10-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液体吐出装置及びインプリント装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100002206A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
US9239524B2 (en) | 2016-01-19 |
US20160124317A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
JP4605219B2 (ja) | 2011-01-05 |
JPWO2006106832A1 (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
EP1865539A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
KR101197071B1 (ko) | 2012-11-06 |
EP1865539A4 (en) | 2011-09-07 |
KR20070115889A (ko) | 2007-12-06 |
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