WO2006002759A1 - Vorrichtung zum begasen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere abwasser - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum begasen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere abwasser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006002759A1 WO2006002759A1 PCT/EP2005/006395 EP2005006395W WO2006002759A1 WO 2006002759 A1 WO2006002759 A1 WO 2006002759A1 EP 2005006395 W EP2005006395 W EP 2005006395W WO 2006002759 A1 WO2006002759 A1 WO 2006002759A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gas supply
- supply line
- gassing
- gassing element
- fastening
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
- B01F23/23114—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers characterised by the way in which the different elements of the bubbling installation are mounted
- B01F23/231142—Mounting the gas transporting elements, i.e. connections between conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2312—Diffusers
- B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
- B01F23/231265—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being tubes, tubular elements, cylindrical elements or set of tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/305—Treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
- B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
- B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
- B01F23/23114—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers characterised by the way in which the different elements of the bubbling installation are mounted
- B01F23/231143—Mounting the bubbling elements or diffusors, e.g. on conduits, using connecting elements; Connections therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for fumigating liquids, in particular wastewater. It further relates to a method for producing such a device.
- a device in which a gas supply line is clamped in kens attached to the bottom of a Klärbek- recorded.
- a gassing element placed on the gas supply line is fastened by a bolt extending from the clamp through the gas supply line and the gassing element and a nut screwed onto it.
- the attachment of the gassing element disadvantageously requires the provision of the aforementioned clamps.
- the clamps must first be mounted in a predetermined arrangement at the bottom of a clarifier tank at a cost and time.
- the gassing element has a connection piece with a connection piece.
- the nozzle is inserted into a corresponding aperture on the gas supply line.
- the gassing element is secured to the gas supply line by means of a special nut, which has extensions extending through the connecting piece.
- it is first necessary here to bring the nut into engagement with a screw penetrating the gassing element. This can only be done manually and thus requires a Maschinen ⁇ effort. Further costs are incurred by the provision of the specially designed nut.
- Send aeration element is known, which is provided for connection to a gas supply line with a conical threaded nipple.
- the provision of such a threaded nipple is expensive.
- the threaded nipple must be manufactured separately and then welded to the gassing element.
- a sealant to be applied to the thread is also required in order to ensure a tight connection between the gassing element and the gas supply pipe in the correct mounting position.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
- a device for gassing liquids is to be specified, which is as simple to manufacture and assemble as possible.
- Another object of the invention is to specify a method for mounting the device which can be carried out easily and quickly.
- the gassing element has at least one fixing lug projecting laterally relative to the longitudinal axis for producing a non-positive connection with the gas supply line.
- a fastening tab can be provided in the preparation of the gassing element. This does not require a separate manufacturing process. The production of the fastening strap can take place automatically. In this case no manual assembly work is necessary.
- the fastening tab provided according to the invention makes it possible in a simple manner, using conventional fastening elements, to make a non-positive connection of the gassing element to the gas supply line. The assembly of the device is simplified and accelerated. This can save costs for the provision of labor.
- the fastening tab is in a form-fitting manner on the gas supply line in the fastening state. This prevents uncontrolled escape of gas in the fastening region.
- the gas supplied through the gas supply line is essentially completely introduced into the gassing element connected thereto.
- the degassing element is produced in one piece from a metal sheet.
- the sheet may be a stainless steel sheet.
- a suitable contour can first be cut out of the metal sheet and subsequently bent so that the gassing element is present. Overlapping walls possibly formed during bending can then be frictionally connected to one another by the provision of fastening elements, for example rivets.
- fastening elements for example rivets.
- the fastening tab is a sheet metal section produced by bending.
- the sheet metal section is expediently bent relative to the longitudinal axis of the gassing element by an angle of 80 to 100 °, advantageously 90 °.
- the production of such a fastening tab is particularly simple. It is in this case part of the integrally produced from a sheet gassing element.
- the fasteners may be rivets, ffernie- ten, screws or the like. Act.
- Befest Trentsele ⁇ elements, in particular rivets, can quickly and easily for Production of a non-positive connection attached were ⁇ the.
- First openings for passing through the fastening elements can be provided in the fastening tab.
- corresponding second openings for performing the Be ⁇ fastening elements may be provided in the gas supply to the first openings .
- the first and the second openings can be produced by laser during the cutting of the sheet. For mounting, it is then no longer necessary to drill holes for passing through Befest Trentselemen ⁇ th. This reduces the assembly effort.
- vent openings provided in the gassing element are circular, oval, angular or slot-shaped. If the vent openings are rectangular, they may be in the form of triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons and other types of polygons.
- the opening area of the ventilation openings may decrease with increasing distance from the gas supply line. The opening area is expediently chosen in each case such that a uniform gas introduction takes place over the entire length of the ventilation element into the liquid.
- Cross-sectional area decreases with increasing distance from the gas supply line. This measure also serves to ensure that the gas is introduced into the liquid as uniformly as possible over the entire length of the gassing element.
- the opening surface of the ventilation apertures provided in the gassing element may increase from top to bottom. Ie. an upper row of ventilation openings has a smaller opening area than an underlying further row of ventilation openings.
- the gassing element has two ventilation arms.
- the Bega sungselement can be formed symmetrically in this case. When mounting to the gas supply line, the weight distribution is balanced.
- the proposed embodiment is particularly durable and durable.
- At least one Befest Trents ⁇ lasche can be provided on each of the ventilation arms.
- each of the ventilation arms has a plurality of fastening straps, for example two vertical fastening tabs and one horizontal fastening tab.
- the forces exerted by the weight of the ventilation element can be removed to the gas supply line, in particular via the vertically extending fastening straps.
- the gassing element in the embodiment with two ventilation arms designed so that it with the mounting tabs form-fitting on the
- Gas supply is attachable. This facilitates the assembly.
- mounting grooves or webs may be integrally formed on the Be ⁇ fastening tabs, which cooperate with corresponding thereto provided on the Gaszu920 ein webs or grooves such that the first provided in the mounting tabs openings in notebook ⁇ plugged state of the fastener are aligned on the second openings provided in the gas supply line. This further simplifies assembly.
- a method for mounting the device according to the invention is provided with the following steps:
- the proposed method enables a simple and quick installation of the gassing element on the gas supply line.
- the gassing can be quickly and easily attached to the gassing line, for example by means of rivets quickly and easily. It has surprisingly been found that a device produced by the proposed assembly method has excellent mechanical stability and is particularly long-lasting in practical use.
- FIG. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the device shown in FIG. 1, FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a gassing element
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective detail view of the gassing element shown in FIG. 3,
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a device accommodated in a clarifier
- Fig. 6 is a side view of a portion of Gaszu melt melt.
- a plurality of gassing elements 2 are connected to a gas supply line 1, which has a substantially rectangular cross-section.
- the gassing elements 2 shown are formed symmetrically and each have two ventilation arms 3.
- the gas supply line 1 has in each case in the connection region of the gassing element 2 opposite gassing openings (not shown here) through which the gas supplied through the gas supply line 1 reaches the gassing elements 2.
- the gassing element 2 is produced in one piece from a, preferably stainless, sheet metal by bending.
- a first sheet metal sections 4 and overlapping in the bottom region second sheet metal sections 5 are connected to each other by means of first rivets 6 non-positively.
- the bottom of the ventilation arms 3 need not be closed; it can have openings.
- the ventilation element has ventilation openings 7.
- the ventilation openings 7 may be circular, oval or slit-shaped.
- the fastening tabs 8 are provided with first openings 9.
- the fastening tabs 8 are made here in one piece with the gassing element 2 by bending by about 90 ° to the outside.
- a distance A between two mutually opposite attachment tabs 8 is selected so that it corresponds to a width B of the gas supply line 1 substantially.
- the fastening straps 8, like the walls of the gas supply line 1, are flat. As a result, the fastening element 2 can be plugged onto the gas supply line 1 in a form-fitting manner.
- ventilation openings are completely covered by the ventilation element 2.
- the fastening straps 8 are connected non-positively to the gas supply line 1 by means of second rivets 10.
- second openings in the Gaszu Glasslei ⁇ device 1 is provided.
- FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a clarifier 11.
- a plurality of gas supply lines 1, which are connected to one another by means of a gas supply line 12, are accommodated in the clarifier tank.
- Each of the gas supply lines 1 each have a plurality of gassing elements 2 are connected.
- Bega ⁇ sungsimplantation 2 are provided in the edge region, which only have a ventilation arm 3.
- These gassing elements 2 are also designed according to the invention, i. H. They have Befest Trentsla ⁇ rule 8, which are attached by means of second rivets 10 on the Gaszu ⁇ guide line 1.
- FIG. 6 shows a side view of the gas supply line 1.
- a discharge opening 13 and the second openings 14 are provided in the connection region for a gassing element 2.
- the gas supply line 1 has a connection 15 for connection to the gas supply line 12.
- the gas supply line 1 is placed on a floor, for example the clarifier 11. Subsequently, in the region of connection points provided thereon, the gassing elements 2 are plugged so that the first openings 9 are in alignment with the second openings 14 provided in the gas supply line 1.
- guide elements can be provided on the fastening straps 8 and on the opposite side wall of the gas supply line 1. It may be in the direction of insertion grooves and corresponding webs or the like. Act. Subsequently, by the in
- first 9 and second apertures 14, for example, second rivets 10 Orientation located first 9 and second apertures 14, for example, second rivets 10 inserted and fixed.
- the thus produced frictional connection is durable. It can be produced quickly and easily.
- the gassing element 2 can be designed simply and inexpensively as a bent sheet metal part. To produce it, no parts need to be joined by welding. For mounting the proposed gassing element 2, it is also not necessary vorzus watch particularly designed fasteners. It can be used on conventional fasteners.
- the gas supply line 1 can be designed as a sheet metal bent part. Overall, this results in a device which can be produced and assembled easily and inexpensively for the aeration of liquids, in particular of waste water.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05757160A EP1763396B1 (de) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum begasen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere abwasser |
DE502005006476T DE502005006476D1 (de) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum begasen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere abwasser |
PL05757160T PL1763396T3 (pl) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Urządzenie i sposób nagazowania cieczy, zwłaszcza ścieków |
US11/631,619 US7744069B2 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Device for gassing liquids, in particular waste water |
DK05757160T DK1763396T3 (da) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Indretning og fremgangsmåde til gasning af væsker, især spildevand |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004032622 | 2004-07-05 | ||
DE102004032622.3 | 2004-07-05 | ||
DE102004036634.9 | 2004-07-28 | ||
DE102004036634A DE102004036634B4 (de) | 2004-07-05 | 2004-07-28 | Vorrichtung zum Begasen von Flüssigkeiten und Verfahren zur Montage der Vorrichtung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006002759A1 true WO2006002759A1 (de) | 2006-01-12 |
Family
ID=34971775
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/006395 WO2006002759A1 (de) | 2004-07-05 | 2005-06-15 | Vorrichtung zum begasen von flüssigkeiten, insbesondere abwasser |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7744069B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1763396B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE420714T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE102004036634B4 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1763396T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2320682T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL1763396T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2006002759A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102649601A (zh) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-08-29 | 东莞市开源环境科技有限公司 | 一种桔瓣式微孔曝气系统 |
CN102892718A (zh) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-01-23 | 英文特环境及工艺股份公司 | 用于给处理池中容纳的悬浮体曝气的装置 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CL2009000893A1 (es) * | 2009-04-14 | 2009-08-28 | Ancor Tecmin S A | Estructura isobarica autosoportante conformada por un marco estructural hueco formado por tres materiales con un nucleo termoplastico hueco recubierto con capas de mantas de fibras de vidrio saturadas con resina, las que se cubren con un material compuesto polimerico termoestable, conformando un compuesto estructural resistente monolitico. |
US8894048B2 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-11-25 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Gas diffuser |
USD854142S1 (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-07-16 | Ascent Products, Llc | Ventilation fan housing |
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US2101311A (en) * | 1935-05-03 | 1937-12-07 | Oakes Prod Corp | Flanged tubular article and method of making same |
US2963783A (en) * | 1957-07-31 | 1960-12-13 | Williamson Company | Sheet metal fittings |
US4294476A (en) * | 1979-11-08 | 1981-10-13 | Nash Patrick L | Connecting device |
US4491349A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1985-01-01 | Robert Rice | Y-Connection for flexible conduit |
DE4315700A1 (de) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-17 | Schmidt Holthausen Hans Joachi | Belüftungseinrichtung |
US5393106A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1995-02-28 | Casco Manufacturing | Sealed knock-down duct collar |
DE19537112A1 (de) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-11 | Ott Rita | Begasungseinrichtung |
US5538293A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-07-23 | Thinking Vents, Inc. | Secondary duct installation apparatus and method for a forced air ventilation system |
EP1181973A1 (de) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-02-27 | Andreas Dr. Jäger | Vorrichtung zum Befestigen von Wasserbelüftungseinrichtungen an Luftzuführungsleitungen |
WO2002078825A1 (de) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-10-10 | Andreas Kronawitter | Schwimmender schaufelradbelüfter |
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-
2004
- 2004-07-28 DE DE102004036634A patent/DE102004036634B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-06-15 DE DE502005006476T patent/DE502005006476D1/de active Active
- 2005-06-15 ES ES05757160T patent/ES2320682T3/es active Active
- 2005-06-15 US US11/631,619 patent/US7744069B2/en active Active
- 2005-06-15 AT AT05757160T patent/ATE420714T1/de active
- 2005-06-15 WO PCT/EP2005/006395 patent/WO2006002759A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-06-15 DK DK05757160T patent/DK1763396T3/da active
- 2005-06-15 PL PL05757160T patent/PL1763396T3/pl unknown
- 2005-06-15 EP EP05757160A patent/EP1763396B1/de active Active
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US2101311A (en) * | 1935-05-03 | 1937-12-07 | Oakes Prod Corp | Flanged tubular article and method of making same |
US2963783A (en) * | 1957-07-31 | 1960-12-13 | Williamson Company | Sheet metal fittings |
US4294476A (en) * | 1979-11-08 | 1981-10-13 | Nash Patrick L | Connecting device |
US4491349A (en) * | 1981-02-09 | 1985-01-01 | Robert Rice | Y-Connection for flexible conduit |
DE4315700A1 (de) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-17 | Schmidt Holthausen Hans Joachi | Belüftungseinrichtung |
US5393106A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1995-02-28 | Casco Manufacturing | Sealed knock-down duct collar |
DE19537112A1 (de) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-11 | Ott Rita | Begasungseinrichtung |
US5538293A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1996-07-23 | Thinking Vents, Inc. | Secondary duct installation apparatus and method for a forced air ventilation system |
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EP1358928A1 (de) * | 2001-02-05 | 2003-11-05 | OHR Co., Ltd | Die fliehkraft von innerem fluid aufnehmende stützkonstruktion und halterung für einrohr-drifterzeuger |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102892718A (zh) * | 2010-03-17 | 2013-01-23 | 英文特环境及工艺股份公司 | 用于给处理池中容纳的悬浮体曝气的装置 |
CN102892718B (zh) * | 2010-03-17 | 2014-10-15 | 英文特环境及工艺股份公司 | 用于给处理池中容纳的悬浮体曝气的装置 |
CN102649601A (zh) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-08-29 | 东莞市开源环境科技有限公司 | 一种桔瓣式微孔曝气系统 |
CN102649601B (zh) * | 2012-02-13 | 2014-05-28 | 广东开源环境科技有限公司 | 一种桔瓣式微孔曝气系统 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL1763396T3 (pl) | 2009-06-30 |
DE502005006476D1 (de) | 2009-03-05 |
ES2320682T3 (es) | 2009-05-27 |
EP1763396A1 (de) | 2007-03-21 |
US7744069B2 (en) | 2010-06-29 |
DE102004036634B4 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
DE102004036634A1 (de) | 2006-02-09 |
ATE420714T1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
US20080018002A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
EP1763396B1 (de) | 2009-01-14 |
DK1763396T3 (da) | 2009-05-04 |
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