WO2006080473A1 - 複合セラミックス及びその製法 - Google Patents
複合セラミックス及びその製法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006080473A1 WO2006080473A1 PCT/JP2006/301385 JP2006301385W WO2006080473A1 WO 2006080473 A1 WO2006080473 A1 WO 2006080473A1 JP 2006301385 W JP2006301385 W JP 2006301385W WO 2006080473 A1 WO2006080473 A1 WO 2006080473A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- crystal phase
- composite ceramic
- alumina
- zirconia
- Prior art date
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 153
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 108
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 82
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 carbonic acid compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241000588731 Hafnia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001676573 Minium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
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- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite ceramic having high strength, high toughness and high wear resistance and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to a composite ceramic suitably used as various structures or parts thereof and a method for producing the same.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a zirconia-based composite ceramic containing a zirconia crystal phase stabilized by Ce 0 2 and Y 2 0 3 and an alumina crystal phase. ing.
- the composite ceramic is mainly composed of tetragonal crystals with a zirconia crystal phase, and is excellent in mechanical properties such as strength and toughness and hot water resistance.
- Patent Document 2 a high toughness alumina-zirconia composite containing alumina and zirconia as main components and containing an alkaline earth metal oxide and silicon oxide to the main components. Ceramics are disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-6 4 6 3 1
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 2 9 1 0 0 2 0
- the zirconia-based composite ceramic described in Patent Document 1 is a zirconia-rich sintered body containing 3 to 60% by weight of stabilized zirconia alumina, and has an average crystal diameter of 3 ⁇ or less. Although the bending strength, toughness and hot water degradation were high, the hardness was low and the material was inferior in wear resistance. -On the other hand, the alumina-zirconia composite ceramic disclosed in Patent Document 2 has high toughness but abnormal grain growth of the alumina crystal phase, so it has low mechanical strength, especially low hot water resistance, It has the disadvantage that the bending strength after the hot water deterioration test is greatly reduced.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a composite ceramic which is excellent in bending strength, toughness and hot water resistance (heat resistant water deterioration property), has high hardness and is also useful as a wear resistant material, and a method for producing the same.
- the present invention is characterized by comprising a massive alumina crystal phase (A), a massive zirconia crystal phase (B), and a columnar crystal (C) of a composite oxide containing an alkaline earth metal and an aluminum element.
- a composite ceramic is provided.
- the columnar crystal (C) of the composite oxide has an aspect ratio greater than 3.
- alumina crystal phase (A) and the zirconia crystal phase (B) are present in a mass ratio (AZB) of 65Z35 to 90/10,
- the average crystal diameter of the alumina crystal phase (A) is 1.5 ⁇ or less, and the average crystal diameter of the zirconia crystal phase ( ⁇ ) is 0.5 ⁇ or less,
- the complex oxides forming the columnar crystals (C) are C a 3 T i 8 AI 1 2 0 37 , S r T i 3 AI 8 0 1 9 B a 3 T i AI 1 0 O 20 , C a AI ⁇ 2 ° i 9>
- a method for producing a composite ceramic is provided.
- the titanium oxide powder is used in an amount of 0.2 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass, and the powder containing the alkaline earth metal element is used in an amount of 0.2 parts by mass or more,
- a sliding member / biological member formed using the composite ceramic.
- the massive crystal phase refers to a crystal particle having an aspect ratio of 3 or less, which is a ratio of a major axis to a minor axis of a crystal calculated by an electron micrograph, for example. This means that the shape has no directivity.
- the aspect ratio of the crystal phase is the ratio of the longest diameter to the shortest diameter obtained by taking the longest diameter of the crystal particles appearing in the cross section and the perpendicular direction as the shortest diameter.
- both the alumina crystal phase and the zirconia crystal phase are in the form of a lump, so that the composite ceramic has high strength and high hardness and excellent wear resistance.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention having such characteristics is useful as various structural bodies and parts thereof, for example, various blades and tools, mechanical parts such as bearings, and biological members such as artificial joints, It is particularly useful as a sliding member for pole bearings and artificial joints.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the structure of the composite ceramic of the present invention.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention has a bulky alumina crystal phase 1 and a zirconia crystal phase 3 as crystal phases, and between these crystal phases, an alkaline earth metal and It has columnar crystals 5 made of a complex oxide containing aluminum element.
- the alumina crystal phase 1 and the zirconia crystal phase 3 forming the main crystal phase in the sintered body form a massive structure having no directivity. Since columnar crystals 5 made of a predetermined complex oxide are formed between the crystal phases, the grain growth of the alumina crystal phase and the zirconia crystal phase is suppressed, and the strength reduction of the sintered body due to the grain growth is avoided. Strengthening can be realized, and furthermore, not only mechanical properties such as toughness, bending strength and hardness but also hot water resistance can be improved.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention is basically made of aluminum.
- it is narich, for example, alumina crystal phase 1 and zirconia crystal phase
- Alumina crystal phase Zirconia crystal phase 65Z35 ⁇ 90Z1 0
- the use of the alumina-rich composition is advantageous in achieving high hardness and improving wear resistance.
- the average crystal particle size is usually 1.5 pm or less, particularly in the range of 0.6 to 1.3 pm. High strength and high toughness are achieved.
- the average crystal particle diameter of the zirconia crystal phase 3 is smaller than the average crystal diameter of alumina, particularly 0.5 pm or less, and preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.4 pm. That is, in the present invention, both the alumina crystal phase 1 and the zirconia crystal phase 3 have a structure in which grain growth is effectively suppressed. High toughness can be achieved.
- the average particle size of the alumina lithiary and zirconia crystal phase 3 is smaller than that of the alumina crystal phase 1.
- the alumina crystal phase 1 is used as a matrix, and the zirconia crystal phase 3 has a structure dispersed in such an alumina matrix, and is stabilized by the compressive stress from the alumina matrix.
- the zirconia crystal phase 3 is stabilized as tetragonal crystals, so that precipitation of monoclinic crystals and cubic crystals is suppressed, resulting in strength (For example, bending strength) Toughness is improved and hardness is further increased.
- strength For example, bending strength
- Toughness is improved and hardness is further increased.
- Y 2 0 3 which is usually used as a stabilizer for zirconia is a trivalent oxide.
- Z r 0 2 which is a tetravalent oxide
- oxygen vacancies As a result, water acts on these oxygen vacancies, resulting in cleavage of zirconia bonds, which causes hydrothermal degradation. That is, as a stabilizer for zirconia crystal phase 3 If ⁇ 2 o 3 is used to stabilize zirconia to tetragonal crystals, the hot water resistance will be significantly reduced, for example, the bending strength after the hot water degradation test will be greatly reduced.
- Y 2 for the Jirukonia crystalline phase 3 without the Mochiiruko stabilizers such as o 3 can be stabilized, enabling reduction in hot-water resistance by Y 2 0 3 It is possible to avoid it.
- the amount of the stabilizer of the zirconia crystal phase 3 described above is preferably 2 mo I% or less per zirconia (Z r 0 2 ).
- a small amount of other stabilizers for example, oxides such as Sc, Ce, and Yb
- such other stabilizers may be added in a form (salt, alkoxide, etc.) that finally becomes an oxide.
- the columnar crystal 5 of the composite oxide containing the alkaline earth metal and the aluminum element exists at the grain boundaries of the alumina crystal phase 1 and the zirconia crystal phase 3 described above.
- a composite oxide containing alkaline earth metal and alumina is formed as columnar crystals 5 having a ratio of 3 or more. is there.
- the formation of the columnar crystals 5 suppresses the grain growth of the alumina crystal phase 1 and the zirconia crystal phase 3, and as a result, these crystal phases 1 and 3 are formed in a lump shape with an aspect ratio of 3 or less.
- the toughness can also be improved by forming the columnar crystals 5.
- the columnar crystal 5 as described above does not exist, crack deflection hardly occurs and crack propagation becomes linear, and fracture toughness decreases.
- grain growth of the alumina crystal phase is likely to occur and the toughness is maintained, but the bending strength and wear resistance are reduced, in particular, the hot water resistance is reduced, and the bending strength after the hydrothermal degradation test is large. It will decline.
- Such a columnar crystal 5 has a lower hardness than the alumina crystal phase 1 described above, so If it exists in the amount, the hardness will decrease, and if it exists in a large shape, it will also lead to a decrease in strength. Accordingly, it is preferable that columnar crystals 5 having an appropriate size are precipitated without causing a decrease in hardness or strength. For example, when a cross section of this composite ceramic is observed with an electron microscope, 4.5 jtz mx 6. The area occupied by the columnar crystal 5 in terms of the size of 0 U m is the total area of the alumina crystal phase 1 and the zirconia crystal phase 3, 1 to 20%, especially 1 to 100/00/6. The presence of the columnar crystals 5 in such an amount is preferable in terms of improving mechanical properties such as toughness, bending strength, and hardness.
- the alkaline earth metal used for forming the composite oxide constituting the columnar crystal 5 is not particularly limited, and any one of, for example, C a, S r, and Ba can be used. Sr is particularly preferred.
- the use of a smaller amount of Sr has the effect of improving mechanical strength and effectively suppressing the formation of a liquid phase at low temperatures. It has the advantage that it can suppress grain growth and has low toxicity.
- the columnar crystal 5 made of a composite oxide is derived from an alkaline earth metal compound used as an auxiliary agent.
- an alkaline earth metal compound is used.
- the titanium compound is mixed with alumina and zirconia and calcined, whereby the alkaline earth metal reacts with a part of the alumina, and the columnar crystal 5 of the composite oxide containing the alkaline earth metal and AI is formed.
- the composite oxide constituting such columnar crystals 5 is typically represented by the following formula:
- alkaline earth per 100 mass% of the total amount of the alumina crystal phase and the zirconia crystal phase. It is preferable to contain at least 0.24% by mass or more of a similar metal (C a, S r, B a) in terms of oxide, It is preferable that titanium (T i) and alkaline earth metal (C a, S r, B a) are contained as oxides in a total amount of 0.4 mass% to 3 mass%.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention contains components derived from sintering aids other than the alkaline earth metal compounds (for example, Si 0 2 , MgO, etc.) in addition to the components described above.
- Such an oxide component is usually present at the grain boundary of each crystal phase, but a part of the oxide component may be dissolved in the crystal phase.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention effectively avoids a decrease in strength due to an increase in alumina, and has excellent strength and toughness, for example, a Vickers hardness of 160 or more, 4.5. It exhibits the above fracture toughness values, and also exhibits a bending strength of 1 500 MPa or more even after a hot water deterioration test.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention having such characteristics is used as a sliding member represented by various structural parts such as various blades and tools, or bearing members such as pole bearings and human joints. It is extremely useful for applications.
- various raw material powders serving as a columnar crystal source of a composite oxide of an alumina crystal source, a zirconia crystal source, and an alkaline earth metal element and alumina are prepared so as to satisfy the above-described composition, This raw material powder is mixed at a predetermined quantity ratio to prepare a mixed powder for molding, and then it is manufactured by molding and firing.
- the alumina crystal source alumina powder is used, and the average particle size of the alumina powder is preferably 2 m or less, particularly 1 pm or less, and most preferably 0.6 pm or less. This is because if a coarse powder having a large average crystal diameter is used, the sintering temperature increases and the average crystal diameter of the alumina crystal phase 1 increases, resulting in a decrease in strength.
- the purity of the alumina powder is preferably 99.9% by mass or more.
- the zirconia crystal source commercially available zirconia powder is used. As such zirconia, those not containing a stabilizer are suitable, but those containing a stabilizer can also be used.
- Y 2 O 3 is a suitable force as a stabilizer. As described above, such a stabilizer must be 2 mol% or less per zirconia (Z r 0 2 ). It is suitable for avoiding the decrease.
- the average particle size of such zirconia powder is 0.5 pm or less, preferably 0.4 or less. If a powder with a large average particle diameter is used, the average crystal diameter of the zirconia crystal phase 3 will increase, which will promote the phase transformation from tetragonal zirconia to monoclinic zirconia, and the increase in toughness due to the addition of zirconia will be insufficient. There is a risk.
- Such zirconia powder is included as an unavoidable impurity such as hafnia (H f 0 2 ), but usually its purity is preferably 99.9% by mass or more.
- the above-mentioned alumina powder and zirconia powder are such that the mass ratio of alumina crystal phase 1 and zirconia crystal phase 3 is in the above-mentioned range, so that 65Z35-9 OZ10, especially 75 25-851. Used at a mass ratio of 5.
- an alkaline earth metal compound powder is used as the powder that becomes the columnar crystal source used together with the above-mentioned alumina powder and zirconia powder.
- Such alkaline earth metal compound is not particularly limited as long as it can be converted into an oxide by firing.
- a compound other than an oxide can be used, but a carbonate is preferably used.
- strontium carbonate S r C0 3
- Strontium carbonate has low hygroscopicity as a carbonic acid compound and is environmentally stable. It is easily decomposed during calcination and firing, and has the effect of improving mechanical strength when added in a smaller amount.
- titanium oxide (T i O 2 ) powder in combination with the above-mentioned alkaline earth metal compound powder.
- the above-mentioned alkaline earth metal compound powder and titanium oxide powder have an average particle size of ⁇ ⁇ or less, particularly 0.5 pm or less in order to precipitate fine columnar crystals 5 in a uniformly dispersed state. It is preferable.
- the amount of these powders used should be such that the columnar crystals 5 to be analyzed satisfy a predetermined area ratio. That is, first As described above, the alkaline earth metal compound powder is used in an amount of 100 parts by mass or more of alumina powder and zirconia powder, and 0.24 parts by mass or more in terms of oxides.
- the titanium powder is used in such an amount that the total weight of the titanium oxide powder and the alkaline earth metal compound powder is in the range of 0.4 to 3 parts by mass.
- oxide powders such as S, Zn, Nb, and Ta can be used as a sintering aid if necessary.
- oxide powders such as Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni can be added as a colorant.
- sintering aid and colorant powders are not limited to oxides, but are in the form of compounds that form oxides upon firing, such as hydroxides, carbonates, complex oxides, alkoxides. It can also be added as.
- the average particle size of the powder of these sintering aids and colorants is generally preferably ⁇ or less, particularly preferably 0.5 ⁇ or less.
- the additive components Mn, Fe, Co, and N have the advantage that the sinterability of the porcelain can be improved.
- the total amount of these sintering aid powders and colorant powders is preferably 3 parts by mass or less, particularly 2 parts by mass or less, per 100 parts by mass of the zirconia powder and the alumina powder.
- the composite ceramic of the present invention In order to produce the composite ceramic of the present invention, first, among the above raw material powders, alumina powder, the above-mentioned alkaline earth metal compound powder, and a gate oxide powder and a sintering aid used as necessary. Powder and colorant powder are mixed in an amount that satisfies the aforementioned quantitative ratio, and the powder is calcined. By this calcination, the alkaline earth metal compound, the silicon oxide powder and the alumina powder are fixed.
- a calcination temperature is usually preferably in the temperature range of 700 to 100 ° C., and the calcination time is generally about 0.5 to 5 hours.
- the above-mentioned predetermined amount of zirconia powder is mixed with the calcined powder obtained by the calcining as described above to obtain a molding powder. That is, the target composite ceramic can be obtained by subjecting the powder for molding obtained through such calcination to the molding and firing steps described below.
- the alumina crystal phase 1 and zirco The grain growth of the near crystal phase 3 cannot be suppressed, and the columnar crystals 5 having a desired size cannot be precipitated, so that the mechanical properties and hot water resistance cannot be improved.
- the sintering aid powder and the colorant powder described above can be mixed with the calcined powder together with the zirconia powder in some cases.
- the molding using the above-mentioned molding powder is in accordance with a conventional method, and if necessary, a slurry or paste is prepared using a solvent such as water or an organic solvent, an organic binder, or the like (or the slurry or paste is dried). A powder obtained in this manner is prepared) and molded into a predetermined shape using such a slurry, a pace mold or a powder.
- a slurry or paste is prepared using a solvent such as water or an organic solvent, an organic binder, or the like (or the slurry or paste is dried).
- a powder obtained in this manner is prepared) and molded into a predetermined shape using such a slurry, a pace mold or a powder.
- the forming means known means such as press forming, squeezing, cold isostatic pressing, or cold isostatic pressing can be employed.
- the obtained molded body is fired.
- This firing is performed in an oxidizing atmosphere such as an air atmosphere at a temperature of 160.degree. C. or less, particularly at a temperature of 130.degree. Done.
- an oxidizing atmosphere such as an air atmosphere at a temperature of 160.degree. C. or less, particularly at a temperature of 130.degree. Done.
- the zirconia crystal phase 3 and the alumina crystal phase 1 grow in grain size, and the bending strength and hardness decrease.
- the firing temperature is too low, a dense sintered body is formed. It becomes difficult to obtain.
- zirconia is reduced, resulting in zirconium or nitride.
- the relative density of the sintered body by the Archimedes method is 9 5 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 or more, particularly 9 80/0 or more, and is usually about 1 to 10 hours.
- a temperature of 1500 ° C. or lower particularly a temperature of 1400 ° C. or lower, most preferably a temperature of 1 2 0 0 to 1 3 5 0 0 C
- hot isostatic baking for about 1 to 2 hours in an argon gas atmosphere or an oxidizing atmosphere (for example, in an Ar gas containing 20% oxygen).
- the relative density of the sintered body can be increased to 99% or more.
- the oxygen deficiency in the Z r O 2 at a high temperature when performing the hot isostatic pressing in an argon gas In order to prevent the formation of defects and darkening, it is possible to prevent coloring defects by performing heat treatment in the air after hot isostatic pressing or by performing hot isostatic pressing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. No sintered body can be obtained.
- the alumina / zirconia composite ceramic of the present invention having the composition and characteristics described above can be obtained.
- alumina powder having an average crystal size of 0.3 and a purity of 99.9% by mass was mixed with various additives shown in Table 1, and calcined at 800 ° C. for 1 hour.
- this calcined powder was mixed with zirconia powder having an average crystal diameter of 0.3 pm and a purity of 99. 9% by mass in the ratio shown in Table 1 to prepare a molding powder.
- the molding powder obtained above is dried, then press molded,
- Example No. 1 400 to 1550 baked at 50 ° C for 2 hours to produce a rod-shaped sintered body sample.
- hot isostatic pressing (HIP) was performed for 1 hour under the conditions (atmosphere and temperature) shown in Table 1 to obtain a dense sintered body having a relative density of 99.5% or more (Sample No. 1).
- Sample No. 1 does not use any additive at all
- Sample No. 6 uses hot isostatic firing (HIP) after firing in air.
- Sample No. 14 was not calcined, and alumina powder, zirconia powder, and various additive powders were mixed together to prepare a molded powder.
- Each sintered body obtained above is ground to prepare a 4x3x35mm sample, the bending strength is measured, the crystal structure is observed with a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope, and the composition analysis result of the columnar crystals The characteristics were evaluated and the results are shown in Table 2.
- the average crystal diameter and aspect ratio of the zirconia crystal phase and the alumina crystal phase were determined for those present along the diagonal line of the electron micrograph. In this case, the average value of the major axis and the minor axis of the crystal phase was used.
- the aspect ratio was determined as the ratio of major axis to minor axis (major axis Z minor axis).
- the area ratio of the columnar crystals with an aspect ratio greater than 3 to the total area of the zirconia crystal phase and the alumina crystal phase is 4.5 jU m X 6.0 m at any 10 points in the cut surface. It was obtained by scanning electron microscope observation within a range of sizes (magnification: 20,000 times) and indicated as an average value.
- each characteristic has the bending strength at room temperature according to JIS-R 1601, and the bending strength after hot water degradation test (after 120 hours treatment at 120 ° C and 100% RH),
- JIS-R 1 6 1 0 was used for Vickers hardness, and the crystal phase was identified using XR.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
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EP06701433.2A EP1845072B1 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2006-01-24 | Composite ceramic and method for producing same |
US11/795,599 US20080118722A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 | 2006-01-24 | Composite Ceramic and Method for Making the Same |
JP2007500616A JP5366398B2 (ja) | 2005-01-27 | 2006-01-24 | 複合セラミックス及びその製法 |
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WO2013136990A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-16 | 2013-09-19 | 京セラメディカル株式会社 | 医療用セラミック材料及びその製造方法 |
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WO2024071385A1 (ja) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | 複合セラミックス |
Also Published As
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JPWO2006080473A1 (ja) | 2008-06-19 |
EP1845072A4 (en) | 2011-04-27 |
US20080118722A1 (en) | 2008-05-22 |
EP1845072B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
JP5366398B2 (ja) | 2013-12-11 |
EP1845072A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
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