WO2005046046A1 - 水晶発振器 - Google Patents
水晶発振器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005046046A1 WO2005046046A1 PCT/JP2004/014964 JP2004014964W WO2005046046A1 WO 2005046046 A1 WO2005046046 A1 WO 2005046046A1 JP 2004014964 W JP2004014964 W JP 2004014964W WO 2005046046 A1 WO2005046046 A1 WO 2005046046A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- variable capacitance
- mos
- control
- crystal oscillator
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/02—Details
- H03B5/04—Modifications of generator to compensate for variations in physical values, e.g. power supply, load, temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
- H03B5/32—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator
- H03B5/36—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
- H03B5/366—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator being a piezoelectric resonator active element in amplifier being semiconductor device and comprising means for varying the frequency by a variable voltage or current
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a crystal oscillator, and more particularly to a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator whose oscillation frequency changes based on a control DC voltage value supplied by an external force, and a voltage-controlled temperature-compensated crystal oscillator.
- a PLL Phase Lock Loop
- a crystal oscillator As the voltage controlled oscillator.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator configured using an inverter element.
- the voltage controlled crystal oscillator utilizes a phenomenon in which the resonance frequency of the oscillator changes by changing the load capacitance of the resonance loop.
- a voltage variable capacitance element is inserted into a resonance loop of a crystal oscillator using an inverter element, and the frequency output from the oscillator is controlled by a control DC voltage applied to the voltage variable capacitance element.
- variable capacitance diode is known as a general voltage variable capacitance element.
- the variable capacitance diode is difficult to be integrated, it cannot be integrated with other components constituting the oscillation circuit, thereby hindering miniaturization and cost reduction.
- Patent Document 2 there is a MOS voltage variable capacitance element as a voltage variable capacitance element, which is being applied to a crystal oscillator because of easy integration.
- FIG. 6 shows a voltage-controlled temperature-compensated crystal oscillator obtained by adding a temperature compensation circuit using a MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element and a frequency adjustment circuit using a MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element to a crystal oscillator using an inverter element.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of the embodiment.
- 1 is a crystal oscillator
- R1 is a feedback resistor
- 2 is an inverter element
- 3 in a broken line
- 4 in a dashed line
- the frequency adjustment circuit 4 is composed of two MOS type voltage variable capacitance elements Dl and D2 and two Capacitor CI, C2 and resistors R2, R3.
- MOS voltage variable capacitance element D1 The gate terminal of MOS voltage variable capacitance element D1 is connected to the input terminal of inverter element 2 via capacitor C1, and the gate terminal of MOS voltage variable capacitance element D2 is connected to the output terminal of inverter element 2 via capacitor C2. A knock gate terminal of each MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element is grounded. Then, an external control voltage is supplied to the connection point between the gate terminal of each MOS type voltage variable capacitor and the capacitor via the resistors R2 and R3.
- Fig. 7 shows the relationship between the gate voltage and the capacitance (CV characteristic) of a MOS type voltage variable capacitance element, in which the capacitance value of the MOS type voltage variable capacitance element changes by changing the gate voltage. become. Since this MOS type voltage variable capacitance element forms a part of the load capacitance in the resonance loop of the oscillator, it is possible to obtain a frequency change according to the external control voltage based on the principle described above. .
- Patent document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-026660
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-11-088052
- the area where the CV characteristic changes linearly is very small, and on both sides of this area, the change in capacitance with respect to the change in gate voltage gradually decreases, and the curve changes.
- the capacitance value does not change, but when it reaches the (saturated) region, it has a characteristic.
- the present invention provides a frequency adjustment circuit including at least an inverter element, a crystal oscillator, and first and second MOS voltage variable capacitance elements, and the first and second MOS transistors.
- a first and a second level shift circuit for respectively shifting the level of the control DC voltage supplied to the back gate terminal of the type voltage variable capacitance element, wherein the gate of the first MOS type voltage variable capacitance element A terminal is connected to an input terminal side of the inverter element, and a gate terminal of the second MOS type voltage variable capacitance element is connected to an output terminal side of the inverter element, respectively.
- a DC bias voltage is applied to one of the gate terminals, and each back gate terminal of the first and second MOS voltage variable capacitance elements is grounded via a capacitor.
- a control DC voltage is supplied via a second level shift circuit, and one of the first and second level shift circuits responds in an area lower than the center voltage of the control DC voltage.
- the first and second M The voltage shift amount is set so that the CV characteristic of the OS type voltage variable capacitance element operates in a linear region, and the other of the first and second level shift circuits is used to control the DC voltage of the control.
- the voltage shift amount is set so that the CV characteristics of the first and second MOS voltage variable capacitors corresponding to the region higher than the center voltage operate in a region where the CV characteristic is linear. Things.
- the invention according to claim 2 is characterized by further comprising a temperature compensating circuit constituted by using a MOS type voltage variable capacitance element.
- the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the DC bias voltage is used as a reference voltage for both the temperature compensation circuit and the frequency adjustment circuit.
- the minimum value of the control DC voltage is V, and the maximum value is V.
- the center voltage is V, and the capacitances of the first and second MOS type voltage variable capacitors are linear center.
- the lower limit value of the gate voltage that changes periodically and V is the upper limit value.
- V Z2 the DC bias voltage is V, the DC bias is applied.
- the control DC voltage is V Outputs the voltage that changes from V / 2-V to V / 2-V when changing to V center max DD GB2 DD GB 1
- Min center ref GB2 ref Bl so that the other level shift circuit outputs a voltage that changes from V -V to V -V when the control DC voltage changes from V to V. It is characterized by being set to.
- the control voltage supplied from the outside is separately supplied to each MOS type voltage variable capacitance element via the level shift circuit.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a crystal oscillator according to the present invention, and portions common to those in the circuit diagram shown in FIG.
- a feature of the present invention which is different from the conventional circuit shown in FIG. That is, the gate terminal of the MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element D1, which is the first MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element, is connected to the input terminal of the inverter element, and the MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element, which is the second MOS-type voltage variable capacitance element.
- the gate terminal of element D2 is arranged on the output end side of the inverter element via DC cut capacitor Cc, and the back gate terminals of MOS voltage variable capacitance elements D1 and D2 are grounded via capacitors Ca and Cb, respectively.
- the control voltage is supplied to the back gate terminals of the MOS voltage variable capacitance elements Dl and D2 via the level shift circuits 6 and 7, which are the first and second level shift circuits, respectively. It is.
- a DC bias V is applied to the gate terminal of the MOS type voltage variable capacitance element D2.
- This DC bias V also functions as a reference voltage source for the temperature compensation circuit 3.
- a gain adjuster 8 for adjusting the voltage value (oscillation width) of the control DC voltage may be inserted before the level shift circuits 6 and 7.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the CV characteristics of a MOS type voltage variable capacitance element. As shown in the figure, the lower limit of the gate voltage exhibiting a region with excellent linearity is defined as V, and the upper limit is defined as V.
- V and min max center are defined as V and min max center, respectively.
- the threshold value of the inverter element 2 is defined as V Z2.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a control DC voltage supplied from an external force and voltages VC1 and VC2 supplied from the level shift circuits 6 and 7 to the MOS type voltage variable capacitance elements Dl and D2.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a control DC voltage supplied from the outside and a gate voltage of a MOS voltage variable capacitance element.
- V-V is controlled by the MOS voltage variable capacitance element D2 to output a voltage that changes to ref GB1
- the level shift circuit that supplies the control voltage is set to output a voltage that changes from (V / 2-V) to (V / 2-V) when the control DC voltage changes to the V force V at the center max.
- the present invention provides that one of the level shift circuits operates one MOS type voltage variable capacitance element in an area where the CV characteristic is linear in an area lower than the center voltage of the control DC voltage, and the other operates such that
- the level shift circuit is characterized in that the voltage shift amount is set such that the other MOS type voltage variable capacitance element operates in a region where the CV characteristic is linear in a region higher than the center voltage of the control DC voltage. Is what you do.
- the present invention may be applied to a voltage-controlled crystal oscillator in which the temperature compensation circuit is omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a crystal oscillator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing CV characteristics of a MOS type voltage variable capacitance element.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a control DC voltage and a voltage supplied to a level shift circuit.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a control DC voltage and a gate voltage of a MOS type voltage variable capacitor.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a control voltage and a frequency variable amount.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a conventional crystal oscillator.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing CV characteristics of a MOS voltage variable capacitance element.
Landscapes
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003380479A JP2007019565A (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2003-11-10 | 水晶発振器 |
JP2003-380479 | 2003-11-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005046046A1 true WO2005046046A1 (ja) | 2005-05-19 |
Family
ID=34567238
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/014964 WO2005046046A1 (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2004-10-08 | 水晶発振器 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2007019565A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005046046A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007069455A1 (ja) | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Asahi Kasei Emd Corporation | 電圧制御発振器 |
CN101110565B (zh) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-04-14 | 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 | 车辆信息采集雷达压控震荡器线性度矫正装置 |
US9065383B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2015-06-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillation circuit, semiconductor integrated circuit device, vibrating device, electronic apparatus, and moving object |
US9106237B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2015-08-11 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillation circuit, electronic apparatus, and moving object |
US9252789B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-02-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillator circuit, vibratory device, electronic apparatus, moving object, method of adjusting vibratory device, and sensitivity adjustment circuit |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0645826A (ja) * | 1992-04-20 | 1994-02-18 | Nec Corp | 電圧制御発振器 |
WO1996003799A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-02-08 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Oscillateur a quartz du type a compensation de temperature |
JPH1051238A (ja) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-20 | Asahi Kasei Micro Syst Kk | 電圧制御発振器 |
JPH10303643A (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-11-13 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電圧制御発振回路 |
JP2000353918A (ja) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-12-19 | Toyo Commun Equip Co Ltd | 圧電発振器 |
JP2001352218A (ja) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 電圧制御発振器 |
JP2002043842A (ja) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-08 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Lc共振回路及び電圧制御型発振回路 |
JP2002135051A (ja) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-10 | Toyo Commun Equip Co Ltd | 圧電発振器 |
-
2003
- 2003-11-10 JP JP2003380479A patent/JP2007019565A/ja active Pending
-
2004
- 2004-10-08 WO PCT/JP2004/014964 patent/WO2005046046A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0645826A (ja) * | 1992-04-20 | 1994-02-18 | Nec Corp | 電圧制御発振器 |
WO1996003799A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-27 | 1996-02-08 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Oscillateur a quartz du type a compensation de temperature |
JPH1051238A (ja) * | 1996-07-30 | 1998-02-20 | Asahi Kasei Micro Syst Kk | 電圧制御発振器 |
JPH10303643A (ja) * | 1997-04-23 | 1998-11-13 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電圧制御発振回路 |
JP2000353918A (ja) * | 1999-04-07 | 2000-12-19 | Toyo Commun Equip Co Ltd | 圧電発振器 |
JP2001352218A (ja) * | 2000-06-09 | 2001-12-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 電圧制御発振器 |
JP2002043842A (ja) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-08 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Lc共振回路及び電圧制御型発振回路 |
JP2002135051A (ja) * | 2000-10-30 | 2002-05-10 | Toyo Commun Equip Co Ltd | 圧電発振器 |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007069455A1 (ja) | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Asahi Kasei Emd Corporation | 電圧制御発振器 |
EP1858156A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-11-21 | Asahi Kasei EMD Corporation | Voltage controlled oscillator |
EP1858156A4 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2010-01-20 | Asahi Kasei Emd Corp | OSCILLATOR CONTROLLED IN VOLTAGE |
US7675377B2 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2010-03-09 | Asahi Kasei Emd Corporation | Voltage controlled oscillator |
CN101133549B (zh) * | 2005-12-15 | 2011-03-23 | 旭化成电子材料元件株式会社 | 电压控制振荡器、其设计方法及其控制电压的生成施加方法 |
EP2482447A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2012-08-01 | Asahi Kasei EMD Corporation | Voltage controlled oscillator |
CN101110565B (zh) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-04-14 | 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 | 车辆信息采集雷达压控震荡器线性度矫正装置 |
US9065383B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2015-06-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillation circuit, semiconductor integrated circuit device, vibrating device, electronic apparatus, and moving object |
US9106237B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2015-08-11 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillation circuit, electronic apparatus, and moving object |
US9252789B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-02-02 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Oscillator circuit, vibratory device, electronic apparatus, moving object, method of adjusting vibratory device, and sensitivity adjustment circuit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007019565A (ja) | 2007-01-25 |
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