WO2005040526A1

WO2005040526A1 - Formwork system

Info

Publication number: WO2005040526A1
Application number: PCT/EP2004/011880
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arthur Schwörer
Original assignee: Peri Gmbh
Priority date: 2003-10-21
Filing date: 2004-10-20
Publication date: 2005-05-06
Also published as: DE10348852A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a formwork system for concrete works, comprising a plurality of formwork elements that can be mounted adjacent to one another in order to form a formwork surface, said formwork elements being releasably connectable to one another in their adjacent areas, wherein at least one formwork element (1) is provided with at least one hook element in two opposite longitudinal sides (4, 5). Said hook element can be hooked to an adjacent formwork element.

Description

formwork system

The invention relates to a formwork system for concrete buildings with a plurality of formwork elements which form a formwork surface and which can be mounted adjacent to one another and which can be detachably connected to one another in their adjoining areas.

Formwork systems of this type are known from the prior art in various embodiments. They are used on construction sites of various sizes in order to define limited volumes in the construction of reinforced concrete shell structures using formwork areas, which are then filled with liquid concrete. After the concrete has solidified, the formwork elements are then removed again, whereupon they are generally reusable for the construction of further formwork.

In this way, for example, walls, columns, foundations, shafts and the like can be made from concrete and reinforced concrete.

According to the state of the art, the connection of individual formwork elements to form the desired formwork surfaces is usually carried out by separate, for example clip-like, connection elements, which the installer must install in the region of adjacent longitudinal sides of two formwork elements to be connected, the use of a tool usually being required for this , An object of the invention is to design a formwork system of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the connection of formwork elements which are adjacent to one another can be accomplished with as little effort as possible.

This object is achieved in that at least one formwork element is provided on two opposite longitudinal sides with at least one Halcenelement which can be hooked gselement with an adjacent Schalu element.

This inventive design of formwork elements ensures that adjacent formwork elements can be connected to one another by a simple, mutual hooking, in particular without the aid of tools. In this way, the connection process can be significantly accelerated compared to previously known formwork systems, which leads to a considerable reduction in costs when building unfinished buildings, since the wage cost share for the manufacture of formwork takes up a substantial part, sometimes up to 50%, of the total structural work costs. This share of labor costs can be significantly reduced by shortening the working time required to make connections between formwork elements.

It is particularly preferred if the connection between two adjacent elements can only be established by means of a hook connection without additional connecting elements. On the one hand, this reduces the production costs of the formwork, since the production of separate connecting elements can be dispensed with without replacement. On the other hand, there is an additional reduction in labor costs, as for attaching and removing separate fasteners Setting up and dismantling the formwork does not require any working time. In addition, storage and transport costs are of course reduced compared to formwork systems that work with separate connecting elements.

It is particularly advantageous if the hook elements extend over at least substantially the entire long sides of the formwork element. This measure ensures that two interconnected sounding elements are fixed to one another in their relative position to one another along a large part or along the entire length of their long sides. This means that the two formwork elements cannot move relative to one another when the concrete is being poured in and solidified.

A similar effect can alternatively be achieved in that a plurality of hook elements are provided along the long sides of the formwork elements, which are in particular equidistantly spaced from one another. If a sufficient number of hook elements are provided along the long sides of the formwork elements, good fixation of formwork elements coupled to one another can also be achieved relative to one another.

With both of the alternatives explained above, it is possible to implement a flush transition between two formwork elements hooked together on the inside of the formwork in the area of the formwork surface. Ultimately, this enables the production of a largely step-free and groove-free concrete wall surface, which can be wallpapered directly, for example, without further pretreatment. In this case, previously usual filling operations can be omitted. The mentioned advantage of a largely step- and groove-free, smooth concrete wall surface leaves can be achieved in particular if the hook connection between two coupling elements coupled to one another is designed in such a way that it is suitable for transmitting force components between the interlocked formwork elements, which act parallel and perpendicular to the formwork surface. In this case, tensile and compressive forces caused, in particular, by the concrete mass introduced cannot lead to relative movements between two formwork elements coupled to one another.

In order to be able to produce all-round formwork, it is necessary, according to the invention, to also provide formwork elements which are designed as special corner elements. These are either one-piece corner elements, the two long sides of which are provided according to the invention with hook elements for coupling to adjacent formwork elements, or two- or three-part corner elements, the individual parts of which can also be hooked together according to the invention. In the latter case, two formwork elements hooked to one another directly or via an intermediate part form an angle not equal to 180 °, in particular an angle of 90 ° or 270 °, in the area of the formwork surface.

The hook elements according to the invention can be integrally formed or attached to opposite longitudinal sides of the formwork elements and can be formed in particular by profiles which close the formwork elements on their long sides. This advantageously means that the hook elements together with the formwork elements each form manageable units as a whole, so that the fitter is not burdened by the connection between the formwork elements and hook elements, since this connection is already made in the factory before being transported to the construction site can. If the hook elements are formed by profiles coupled to the actual formwork element, particularly cost-effective production of the hook elements becomes possible, for example by means of an extrusion or rolling process. The coupling of such hook elements with the actual formwork elements can be produced in any way, for example by means of welding, screwing or riveting. In particular, it is also possible to produce the actual formwork elements together with the molded hook elements in a common manufacturing process, for example again using an extrusion or rolling process.

A particularly good connection between adjoining formwork elements can be achieved if the mutually opposite hook elements of a formwork element are complementary to one another. Since in this case hook elements which are complementary to one another always engage in one another, there is at least in some areas a flat hook connection between hook elements coupled to one another, which is of course more stable than a hook connection which, for example, only works with a point or line contact.

It is particularly preferred if each hook element has two undercuts. The two undercuts of a hook element can face each other, while the undercuts of a complementary hook element face away from each other.

The following effects can be achieved by double hooking adjacent hook or formwork elements by means of two undercuts per hook element: A first interlocking can be created in the area facing the formwork surface and a second interlocking in the area of the formwork elements facing away from the formwork surface, so that there is a particularly tensile connection between the interlinked formwork elements. The through the

The tensile forces absorbed by hook connections run perpendicular to the long sides of the formwork elements parallel to the formwork surface. Among other things, ensures that the formwork elements are coupled to one another in a tensile manner, in particular in the area of the formwork surface, so that no joint or gap can arise between adjacent formwork elements.

The hook connection between two formwork elements can be established by first bringing two interacting hook elements into engagement with one another, whereupon the two other interacting hook elements can then be brought into engagement with one another simply by pivoting movement of one of the two formwork elements. The swiveling movement takes place in such a way that the formwork surfaces of the two formwork elements to be connected together form an angle greater than 180 ° with one another at the start of the swiveling movement and the swiveling movement is continued until the angle mentioned is 180 °, so that the two formwork surfaces of both Formwork elements are ultimately located on one level.

The release of two formwork elements coupled to one another can take place in the reverse order to the connection principle explained above, ie by a swiveling movement, after completion of which the two hook elements still hooked together can be released from one another. The hook connection between two adjacent formwork elements can be established and / or released by the above-described movements of either one or the other formwork element, since only the relative movement between the two formwork elements concerned is relevant for establishing or releasing the connection. In this way, different spatial conditions can be taken into account when assembling or disassembling the formwork system.

It is also advantageous if two adjoining formwork elements are hooked together in their fully assembled position under pre-tension, the pre-tension being able to be brought about in particular by an elastic sealing element provided in the area of the hook connection. By hooking under prestressing, a particularly tight connection of formwork elements coupled to one another can be achieved, which reliably prevents liquid concrete from penetrating into a possible space between the coupled formwork elements.

The use of the formwork system according to the invention is particularly expedient when a large part of the formwork elements forming a formwork is provided on two opposite longitudinal sides with at least one hook element, which can be hooked onto an adjacent formwork element. It is particularly preferred if, with the exception of only one or fewer seam elements, all formwork elements of a formwork are provided on both sides with hook elements of the type described.

This makes it possible, for example, with the exception of a single seam element, for all formwork elements of a revolving formwork to be produced. to connect with each other in the manner according to the invention, so that such a rotating formwork is particularly simple, inexpensive and quick to produce.

The seam element, by means of which a circumferential formwork surface is ultimately closed, must be designed differently, at least on one of its two longitudinal sides, than the formwork elements according to the invention, which are provided on both sides with hook elements. The differently designed long side of the seam element is last coupled to the long side of an adjacent formwork element when the formwork is erected, and is first detached from the adjacent formwork element when dismantling a formwork.

It is preferred if a long side of the seam element is designed analogously to the corresponding long side of a formwork element according to the invention, that is to say with at least one hook element. This long side of the seam element can then be coupled to the adjacent formwork element as well as the formwork elements according to the invention to one another. However, the other long side of the seam element cannot have a corresponding hook shape, since when the last formwork element of a circumferential formwork is introduced, it is not possible to establish a hook connection on both sides of the last formwork or seam element introduced by the pivoting movement explained above. Accordingly, the other side of the seam element must have an alternative design, which enables the seam or formwork element that was last inserted into a peripheral formwork to be pivoted completely into the plane of the formwork surface. However, it must be ensured that the seam element is flush with the adjacent formwork elements on both long sides, in order to ensure a largely step-free transition between the adjacent elements.

In order to ultimately achieve a permanent, but nevertheless releasable connection between the alternatively designed long side of the seam element and the adjacent long side of the associated formwork element, said long side of the seam element can be coupled to the long side of the adjacent formwork element, which has a hook element, by means of one or more separate connecting elements. It is advantageous if these connecting elements are designed as clips, in particular as one-piece spring steel clips.

In a further preferred embodiment of the formwork system according to the invention, the formwork elements can be provided with at least one guide, which align adjacent formwork elements to one another during the connection process in a direction running parallel to the connection area. A formwork element to be coupled to one another previously used in formwork systems that has been customary to date, which requires great effort or the use of tools such as angle iron, can thus be avoided according to the invention. Said guide can be designed, for example, as an inclined guide, which is in particular only present on one long side of a formwork element. Such an inclined guide can consist of two spaced-apart elements which protrude from the long side of the formwork element and run towards one another in a funnel shape towards the long side. When two adjacent formwork elements are coupled, the formwork elements are then automatically aligned relative to one another during the pivoting movement described above, since one formwork element is located within the funnel-shaped guides of the other formwork element in the direction of the taper of the funnel, so that the alignment is automatically and inevitably adjusted.

As with conventional formwork systems, the inner and outer formwork of a wall formwork can be connected to one another by means of so-called anchors and fixed at a predetermined distance from one another, which ultimately corresponds to the wall thickness to be produced. For this purpose, recesses for such anchors can be provided on the longitudinal sides of the formwork elements which can be coupled to one another, in particular two adjacent, semicircular recesses with longitudinal sides coupled to one another forming a single anchor hole. These two semicircular recesses can be aligned with one another in particular by the guides or oblique guides explained above, so that they ultimately form a circular opening through which a bolt-shaped anchor can be pushed.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The invention is explained below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which:

1 shows three formwork elements of a possible embodiment of a formwork system according to the invention in a cross-sectional view, a first formwork element being connected to a second formwork element and a third formwork element being shown in a position in which it is not yet coupled to the first formwork element, 2 shows a representation according to FIG. 1, the third formwork element being partially hooked with the first formwork element,

3 is a representation according to FIGS. 1 and 2, wherein the first and third formwork element are completely hooked together,

4 shows a cross-sectional representation of a region of a formwork system according to the invention with two formwork surfaces lying opposite one another,

5 shows a cross-sectional view of three formwork elements connected according to the invention, a seam element being arranged between two standard formwork elements,

6 shows a detailed view of the representation according to FIG. 5 with a separate connecting element which couples one side of the seam element to a standard formwork element,

7a is a plan view of two formwork elements which are almost completely coupled to one another with a guide for mutually aligning adjacent formwork elements,

7b shows a detailed view of FIG. 7a, which shows the region having the guide, and

8 shows, in cross-sectional representation, three formwork elements coupled to one another, which on the one hand have an angle of 90 ° in the area of their formwork surfaces and on the other hand an angle of Include 270 ° with each other, one of these formwork elements being constructed in two parts.

1 shows in cross section a first formwork element 1, a second formwork element 2 and a third formwork element 3, the first formwork element 1 in the manner according to the invention with two opposite longitudinal sides 4, 5 each with a hook element 6, 7 is provided. The second and third formwork elements 2, 3 are designed analogously to the first formwork element 1, but are only shown in regions in FIG. 1. Accordingly, only the long side 5 'with the hook element 7' can be seen from the second formwork element 2 and only the long side 4 'with the hook element 6' from the third formwork element 3.

In the position shown in FIG. 1, the first and the second formwork element 1, 2 are completely coupled to one another via their hook elements 6, 7 ', whereas the hook elements 7, 6' of the first and third formwork element 1, 3 are not yet in engagement with one another are located.

The formwork elements 1, 2, 3 each consist of a base body with an inner side 8 and an outer side 9 ultimately forming the formwork surface, the inner side 8 and the outer side 9 each being formed by a flat, flat element which extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Inner side 8 and outer side 9 are each connected to one another with sloping webs 10 in order to give the base body of the formwork elements, which consists of inner side 8, outer side 9, and webs 10, sufficient stability. The base body 8, 9, 10 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3, like the hook elements 6, &, 7, 7 ', is preferably made of metal. The hook element 6, 6 'is formed directly on the base body 8, 9, 10 in the region of the longitudinal sides 4, 4', so that it can preferably be produced together with the base body 8, 9, 10 in a single operation. The other hook element 6, 6 'comprises an essentially rectangular base profile 11, 11' in cross section, which extends perpendicular to the inside 8 and the outside 9, wherein it has dimensions in the extension direction mentioned that are approximately twice as large like the distance between the inside 8 and the outside 9. In the area adjacent to the inside 8, the base profile 11, 11 'has a flush transition to the inside 8, which is followed by a hook-shaped recess 12, 12'. Furthermore, a hook-shaped extension 13, 13 'is formed on the base profile 11, 11', which extends away from the long side 4, 4 'in the direction of the next formwork element 2 and 1, respectively. The hook-shaped extension 13, 13 'and the hook-shaped recess 12, 12' each have an undercut, which face away from each other.

The hook elements 7, 7 'complementary to the hook elements 6, 6' are formed by an insertion profile 14, 14 'which is inserted into the space between the inside 8 and the outside 9 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 and in a suitable manner the inside 8 and / or the outside 9 is connected. The insertion profile 14, 14 'has on its side facing away from the base body 8, 9, 10 of the formwork element 1, 2 an essentially C-shaped cross section, which in each case has an undercut in its end regions, as is customary with a C profile 15, 15 ', 16, 16', the undercuts 15, 16 and 15 ', 16' facing each other. The insertion profile 14, 14 'is formed in the region of the undercut 15, 15' in such a way that there is a flush transition between the insertion profile 14, 14 'and the inside 8 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3. Correspondingly, the insertion profile 14, 14 'has, after the undercut 15, 15', a step-shaped recess 17, 17 ', the depth of which corresponds to the material thickness of the surface element which forms the inside 8 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3.

The hook elements 6, 6 'and 7, 7' with the hook-shaped recesses 12, 12 ', the hook-shaped extensions 13, 13' and the undercuts 15, 15 ', 16, 16' each extend perpendicular to the drawing plane over the entire Height of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 or over the entire length of the long sides 4, 4 ', 5, 5' of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3.

The hook-shaped extensions 13, 13 'and the undercuts 16, 16 are designed to be complementary to one another, so that they are hooked together with formwork elements 1, 2, 3 for completely coupled, with hook-shaped extensions 13, 13' and the undercuts 16, 16 'in the case of formwork elements 1, 2, 3 which are completely coupled to one another preferably results in a flat contact. The same applies to the interaction of the hook-shaped recesses 12, 12 'with the undercuts 15, 15'. The hook-shaped recesses 12, 12 'and the undercuts 15, 15' are introduced into the base profile 11, 11 'or the insertion profile 14, 14' in such a way that when the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 are completely coupled together, there is a flush, smooth transition between those surfaces of the base profile 11, 11 'and the insertion profile 14, 14' on the one hand and the inner sides 8 on the other hand, which run in the same plane as the inner sides 8. In the coupling process between the first formwork element 1 and the third formwork element 3, the hook connection shown in FIG. 2 between the hook-shaped extension 13 'of the third formwork element 3 and the undercut 16 of the first formwork element 1 is produced in a first step. Fig. 2 illustrates this hook connection immediately after its production. In this position, the outer sides 9 of the formwork elements 1, 3 enclose an angle of less than 180 °, in particular an angle between 90 ° and 160 °.

While maintaining the hook connection between the hook-shaped extension 13 'and the undercut 16, the third formwork element 3 can be pivoted relative to the first formwork element 1 about an axis running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in the direction of the arrow. The said pivot axis runs in a plane along which the hook-shaped extension 13 ′ and the undercut 16 touch.

Said pivoting movement can be continued while maintaining the hook connection between the hook-shaped extension 13 'and the undercut fertilizer 16 until the hook-shaped recess 12' of the third shuttering element 3 engages behind the undercut 15 of the first shuttering element 1. If the pivoting movement continues, while maintaining the hook connection between the hook-shaped extension 13 'and the undercut 16, it is achieved that the areas of the insert profile 14 and the base profile 11' facing the inner sides 8 of the formwork elements 1, 3 touch, which is exactly what happens, if the inner sides 8 of the two formwork elements 1, 3 are in the same plane. This position is shown in Fig. 3. From Fig. 3 it can be clearly seen that the inner sides 8 of all formwork elements 1, 2, 3 are within one and the same level, with a smooth, flush transition between the individual formwork elements 1, 2, 3 in the area of their inner sides 8, which has no steps or grooves, so that by means of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 shown, a flat, smooth concrete surface can be generated, which also has no steps or grooves.

3 also shows that the connection between the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 is designed in such a way that no translatory forces acting in the plane of the drawing can lead to a relative movement between the formwork elements 1, 2, 3. The same applies to rotational forces acting around any axis, with the exception of pivoting the third formwork element 3 in a clockwise direction with respect to the first formwork element 1, with the first formwork element 1 with respect to the third formwork element 3 in a counterclockwise direction, with the first formwork element 1 with respect to the second formwork element 2 in a clockwise direction or of the second formwork element 2 with respect to the first formwork element 1 counterclockwise. A release of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 from one another can only be achieved by the pivoting movements mentioned, it being particularly advantageous when dismantling formwork that according to the invention either one formwork element relative to the other formwork element or the other formwork element relative to one formwork element can be pivoted. Depending on the installation situation, it can thus be decided which formwork element is to be pivoted with respect to the formwork element coupled or to be coupled to it. The formwork elements 1, 3 can be detached from one another in the reverse order of the coupling of the formwork elements 1, 3 described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3.

F'ig. 4 shows in the lower area an arrangement of three formwork elements 1, 2, 3 completely coupled to one another, which corresponds to the arrangement according to FIG. 3. 4, three further formwork elements 1 ', 2', 3 'are arranged in a mirror-inverted arrangement to the formwork elements 1, 2, 3, which are also completely coupled to one another.

The inner sides 8 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 face the inner sides 8 'of the formwork elements 1', 2 ', 3', so that a space 18 is formed between the inner sides 8 ', 8', which is used to hold steel elements and liquid Concrete is suitable. By introducing steel elements and liquid concrete into the intermediate space 18, a reinforced concrete wall can be produced, the thickness of which corresponds to the distance between the inner sides 8, 8 '. This reinforced concrete wall is characterized by a particularly smooth, step-free and groove-free surface on both sides, since between the inner sides 8 of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 and between the inner sides 8 'of the formwork elements 1', 2 ', 3' in each case flush, smooth transitions exist.

In addition, it should be noted that the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 are connected in practice to the opposite formwork elements 1 ', 2', 3 'by means of so-called anchors, in order to fix the distance between the inner sides 8, 8'. These anchors preferably run in the area of the connection points between the individual formwork elements, but are not shown in FIG. 4 for reasons of clarity. 5 again shows in cross section three formwork elements which are completely coupled to one another, the two outer formwork elements 2, 3 being formwork elements which are identical to the formwork elements described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. However, the formwork element located between the two formwork elements 2, 3 is designed as a seam element 19, the longitudinal side facing the formwork element 3 with base profile 11, hook-shaped extension 13 and hook-shaped recess 12 being identical to the long side 4, 4 'of the other formwork elements 2, 3 is designed. This makes it possible to couple the seam element 19 with the adjoining formwork element 3 in exactly the same way as has already been described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. The same applies to the detachment of the seam element 19 from the formwork element 3.

The seam element 19 differs from the other formwork elements 1, 2, 3 according to FIGS. 1 to 3, which can be used as standard, by the formation of the long side which faces the formwork element 2. The design of this long side and its coupling to the formwork element 2 is shown in detail in FIG. 6.

FIG. 6 shows that the long side of the formwork element 2 facing the seam element 19 is designed in the same way as one of the long sides 4, 4 ′ described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. Accordingly, the long side of the formwork element 2 has a hook-shaped extension 13 and a hook-shaped recess 12, which are each formed on a base profile 11. The long side of the seam element 19 facing the formwork element 2, in contrast to the long sides 5, 5 ', which in connection with the flg. 1 to 3, the formwork elements described do not have a C-shaped insertion profile with two mutually facing undercuts, but an alternative insertion profile 20, which is formed in the area of the inner sides 8 of the formwork element 2 and the seam element 19 in the same way as those insertion profiles 14, 14 ', which were explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 3. Accordingly, the insert profile 20 of the seam element 19 has an undercut 15 "in its area facing the inside 8, which corresponds to the undercut 15, 15 'of the formwork elements 1, 2, 3 according to FIGS. 1 to 3. Furthermore, the insert profile 20 is analogous to the insert profile 14, 14 'is provided with a step-shaped recess 17 "in order to ensure a flush, smooth transition between the inside 8 of the seam element 19 and that region of the insertion profile 20 which runs in the plane of the inside 8. Accordingly, when the seam element 19 is connected to the formwork element 2, a smooth, flush, groove-free and step-free transition can again be achieved between the inner sides 8 of the formwork element 2 and the seam element 19 or insertion profile 20.

In its area facing away from the undercut 15 "and thus the inner sides 8, the insertion profile 20 does not have any further undercut facing the undercut 15", but rather only a stop surface 21 for the rear side of the hook-shaped extension 13. In contrast to the insertion profiles 14, 14 'of FIG In connection with the formwork elements described in FIGS. 1 to 3, the insertion profile 20 is therefore not suitable for encompassing both the hook-shaped recess 12 and the hook-shaped extension 13. Rather, the design of the insertion profile 20 enables the formwork element 2, which is already hooked into another formwork element with its long side, not shown in FIG. 6, can be pivoted clockwise against the seam element 19 until the inner sides 8 of the formwork element 2 and seam element 19 are located on one and the same plane. Thus, the formwork element 2 can be introduced into the formwork as the last formwork element of a circumferential formwork surface.

After the described pivoting of the formwork element 2 in the direction of the seam element 19, a safe but detachable coupling of the formwork element 2 and the seam element 19 must still be ensured. This is achieved by applying a clip 22 made in particular of spring steel. The elastic clamp 22 is designed in such a way that it can encompass elements of the base profile 11 of the formwork element 2 as well as elements of the insertion profile 20 of the seam element 19 and thus fix them to one another. Due to the resilient design of the clamp 22, it can be easily applied to the elements mentioned and can also be detached from them.

Specifically, the base profile 11 has a further extension 23 on its side facing away from the hook-shaped extension 13, which extends essentially in the opposite direction to the hook-shaped extension 13. The extension 23 forms an undercut that can be gripped by the clip 22. Furthermore, the insertion profile 20 of the seam element 19 is provided with an extension 24 which extends away from the inside 8 of the seam element 19 and which forms the stop surface 21 for the hook-shaped extension 13 on its side facing away from the inside 8. On its side facing away from the abutment surface 21, the extension 24 has an undercut in which the clamp 22 can engage. A particularly stable connection between the base profile 11 and the insertion profile 20 results from the fact that the shape of the clamp 22 is chosen such that it clings to the outside of the hook-shaped extension 13 of the base profile 11 in its position encompassing the extensions 23, 24. so that there is a flat contact.

In its end region assigned to the extension 23 of the base profile 11, the clip 22 has an ergonomically shaped grip element 25, on which the clip 22 can be gripped and released from the extension 23, so as to break the connection between the base profile 11 and the insertion profile 20.

7a shows a top view of two circuit elements 1, 3 which are almost completely coupled to one another and which are identical to one another and can be coupled to one another in the manner according to the invention. For this purpose, the circuit elements 1, 3 have hook elements on their long sides 4, 5 and 4 ', 5' ', which can be designed, for example, as described in connection with FIG. 1. The formwork elements 1, 3 can also be exactly as a whole be formed, as explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5.

The long sides 4, 5; 4 ', 5 "of the formwork elements 1, 3 have semicircular recesses 26, each longitudinal side 4, 5; 4', 5" being provided with two recesses 26 each. The upper recess 26 is located approximately at the lower end of the upper quarter of the shuttering elements 1, 3, whereas the lower recess 26 is located approximately at the upper end of the lower quarter of the shuttering elements 1, 3. If the formwork elements 1, 3 are completely coupled to one another, ie if they lie even closer together than shown in FIG. 7a, the semicircular recesses 26 on the long side 5 of one formwork element 1 and the semicircular recesses 26 on the long side 4 'of the other Formwork element 3 together two circular openings in the formwork surface, which can serve as anchor holes for the passage of bolt-shaped anchors.

At the upper and lower ends of the long sides 4, 5; 4 ', 5 "are each provided on the formwork elements 1, 3, which serve to align adjacent formwork elements 1, 3 during the connection process in a direction parallel to the long sides 4, 5, 4', 5" to each other. A possible design of these guides is shown in detail view A according to FIG. 7b.

The formwork elements 1, 3 are each closed by an upper end profile 27 on their top. The basic profile 11 '(see FIG. 1) arranged on the long side 4' of the formwork element 3 extends further in the direction of the formwork element 1 than the upper end profile 27 of the formwork element 3. In its end region facing the formwork element 1, the basic profile 11 'is in the region beveled at its upper end, so that there is an inclined surface 28 which slopes downward in the direction of the formwork element 1. The upper end profile 27 of the formwork element 3 is dimensioned such that it does not extend into an area above the inclined surface 28.

In the case of formwork element 1, on the other hand, the upper end profile 27 is dimensioned such that it projects beyond the insertion profile 14 in the direction of the formwork element 3 (see FIG. 1). When the formwork elements 1, 3 are coupled, the lower edge of the upper end profile 27 of the formwork element 1 facing the formwork element 3 can thus slide along the inclined surface 28, so that during the coupling process mentioned, either the formwork element 1 is raised relative to the formwork element 3 or the formwork element is lowered 3 relative to the formwork element 1.

The lower ends of the long sides 5, 4 'of the formwork elements 1, 3 are designed in accordance with their upper ends (see FIG. 7b), ie there is also a corresponding lower inclined surface on the formwork element 3 side, the lower inclined surface and the upper inclined surface 28 to run on each other. In this respect, the two inclined surfaces mentioned enable problem-free "threading" of the formwork elements 1, 3 into one another when they are coupled together according to the invention. After completing this coupling process, the upper end profiles 27 of the formwork elements 1, 3 are at exactly the same height. The same applies to the mutually assigned semicircular recesses 26, which are located on the long sides 5, 4 'of the formwork elements 1, 3.

8 shows three formwork elements 2, 29, 3 coupled to one another, the formwork element located between the formwork elements 2, 3 being designed as a two-part corner element 29. The formwork elements 2, 3 can be designed identically to those formwork elements which were explained in connection with FIGS. 1 to 5.

The corner element 29 consists of an angle part 30 and a connecting part 31, which are hooked together in the manner according to the invention. The inside 8 of the formwork element 2 is extended by a first region 32 of the inside of the angle part 30. A further inner side area is connected to the named inner side area 32. rich 33 of the angular part 30, the two inner side regions 32, 33 enclosing an angle of 270 ° with one another. The inner side region 33 of the angle part 30 is followed by the inner side 8 of the formwork element 3 on the side of the corner element 29 facing away from the formwork element 2. The inside 8 of the formwork element 3 and the inside 33 of the angle part 30 enclose an angle of 90 ° with one another.

The structure of the formwork elements 2, 3 need not be explained in more detail here, since corresponding explanations have already been made in the above description of FIGS. 1 to 5. The following should be noted regarding the construction of the corner element 29:

The angle part 30 consists of two plate elements 34 which run parallel to one another and are each angled by 90 ° and enclose a cavity 35 between them. The surface of one of the two plate elements 34 forms the inner side regions 32, 33 of the angle part 30. Instead of the other plate element 34, reinforcement webs which are only spaced apart and which do not form a continuous surface could possibly be used in certain applications.

In the end area of the angular part 30 facing the formwork element 2, an insertion profile 36 is inserted into the cavity 35, which in its area facing the formwork element 2 is designed exactly as the basic profile 11 described in connection with FIG. 1. In this respect, formwork element 2 and Angle part 3 can be coupled to one another exactly as the formwork elements 2 and 1 according to FIG. 1. On its side facing away from the insertion profile 36, the angle part 30 has a further insertion profile 37, which corresponds in its design exactly to the insertion profile 14, which was also explained in connection with FIG. 1. In this respect, a formwork element 3 could be coupled directly to the insertion profile 37, the inner side 8 of which would then run parallel to the inner side region 33 of the angle part 30. Such an arrangement, which is fundamentally possible, is not shown in FIG. 8.

8 rather shows that the connecting part 31 is coupled to the insertion profile 37, specifically by means of a hook-shaped extension 38 and an undercut 39, the hook-shaped extension 38 and the undercut 39 corresponding to the hook-shaped extension 13 'and the hook-shaped recess 12' which have been explained in connection with FIG. 1. Accordingly, the insertion profile 37 and the connecting part 31 can be coupled in the same way as the formwork elements 1 and 3 according to FIG. 1.

The connecting part 31 also has an essentially C-shaped connecting element which has two undercuts 40, 41 facing one another. These undercuts 40, 41 essentially correspond to the undercuts 15, 16 of the insertion profile 14 explained in connection with FIG. 1, so that they are suitable for coupling to the base profile 11 ′ of the formwork element 3.

The hook-shaped extension 38 and the undercut 39, on the one hand, and the two undercuts 40, 41, on the other hand, are oriented to one another in such a way that the inner side region 33 of the angular part 30 adjoins the inner side 8 of the formwork element 3 at an angle of 90 °. Alternatively, this orientation could also be set so that any other angle, other than 90 °, results.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

first formwork element 'first formwork element second formwork element' second formwork element third formwork element 'third formwork element long side' long side long side 'long side' long side hook element 'hook element hook element' hook element inside 'inside outside webs base profile' base profile hook-shaped recess' hook-shaped recess hook-shaped extension 'hook-shaped extension' Insertion profile 'insertion profile undercut' undercut 'undercut undercut' undercut step-shaped recess 'step-shaped recess' step-shaped recess space seam element insert profile insert stop surface bracket extension extension handle element semicircular recess top end profile inclined surface corner element angled part connector part inside side area inside profile plate elements cavity insert part hook-shaped extension undercut undercut undercut

Claims

claims

1. Formwork system for concrete buildings with a plurality of formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') which can be mounted adjacent to one another and form a formwork surface and which can be detachably connected to one another in their adjoining areas, characterized in that at least one formwork element ( 1-3, l'-3 ') on two opposite longitudinal sides (4, 5; 4', 5) is provided with at least one hook element (6, 7; 6 ', 7'), each with an adjacent formwork element ( 1-3, l'-3 ') can be hooked.

2. Formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection between two adjacent formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') can only be produced by means of a hook connection, without additional connecting elements.

3. Formwork system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hook elements (6, 7; 6, 7 ') extend over at least substantially the entire length of the formwork element (1-3, 1'-3').

4. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') hooked together have a flush transition in the area of the formwork surface.

5. Formwork system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') hooked together in the area of the formwork surface have an angle not equal to 180 °, in particular an angle of 90 ° or 270 °, enclose with each other.

6. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hook connection is designed for the transmission of force components between the interlocked formwork elements (1-3, 1'- 3 ') which act parallel and perpendicular to the formwork surface.

7. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hook elements (6, 7; 6 ', 7') on opposite longitudinal sides (4, 5; 4 ', 5') of the formwork element (1-3, l'- 3 ') are formed or attached, and in particular are formed by profiles (11, 14; 11', 14 '), which formwork element (1-3, l'-3') on its long sides (4, 5; 4 ' , 5 ') complete.

8. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the opposing hook elements (6, 7; &, 7 ') of a formwork element (1-3, l'-3') are complementary to each other.

9. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each hook element (6, 7; 6 ', 7') has two undercuts (12, 13 and 15, 16; 12 ', 13' and 15 ', 16') ,

10. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hook connection between two adjacent formwork elements (1-3, l'-3 ') by a pivoting movement of one of the two formwork elements (1-3, l'-3') is producible and / or detachable.

11. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hook connection between two adjacent formwork elements (1-3, l'-3 ') by a pivoting movement of either one or the other formwork element (1-3, l'-3rd ') is producible and / or detachable.

12. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two adjoining formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') are hooked together in their fully assembled position under prestressing, the prestressing being effected in particular by an in the area of Hook connection provided elastic sealing element can be effected.

13. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that a large part of the formwork elements (1-3, 1'-3 ') forming a formwork, in particular with the exception of one or more seam elements (19), all formwork elements (1-3, l'-3') of one formwork, on two opposite one another Long sides (4, 5; 4 ', 5') are provided with at least one hook element (6, 7; 6 ', 7'), which can be hooked with an adjacent formwork element (1-3, 1'-3 ') is.

14. Formwork system according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one long side of the seam element (19) can be coupled by means of one or more separate connecting elements (22) to a long side of an adjacent formwork element (2) having a hook element (6).

15. Formwork system according to claim 14, characterized in that the connecting elements are designed as clips, in particular as one-piece spring steel clips (22).

16. Formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formwork elements (1-3, l'-3 ') are provided with at least one guide which adjoining formwork elements (1-3, l'-3') during the connection process in a direction parallel to the connection area.

17. Formwork system according to claim 16, characterized in that that the guide is designed as an inclined guide, which is formed in particular only on one long side of a formwork element (1-3, 1'-3 ').

18. Formwork system according to claim 17, characterized in that the inclined guide consists of two spaced-apart elements which protrude from the long side of the formwork element (1-3, 1'-3 ') and converge towards the long side in a funnel shape.