Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
  • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
  • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
  • H05B3/347—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles woven fabrics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
  • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
  • A41D31/06—Thermally protective, e.g. insulating
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
  • H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
  • H05B2203/015—Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
  • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to the field of the textile industry, and particularly to a novel woven fabric having a high heating power and to be used in the manufacture of garments, clothing, blankets, covers and the like.
• Fabrics having high heating power are from time known in the textile industry. These fabrics are used in the manufacture of garments, clothing, etc. capable of maintaining the temperature of a body covered thereby at a most possible constant value, regardless of changes in the outdoor temperature.
• thermoinsulating layer The principle according to which these fabrics develop their heating ability practically consists in that they trap between the textile fibres a certain quantity of air which, by resting therein, is heated by the body and forms a thermoinsulating layer.
• the object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the above- mentioned limits presented by the known fabrics of this type by providing a novel fabric, so called thermal fabric, capable of developing a high heating power independently from the heat liberated by a human body.
• the thermal fabric of the invention is characterised in that it includes electrically conductive wires in substitution for some warp or weft textile yarns of the fabric and at least a pair of electrodes connected to the ends of the electrically conductive wires in order to apply a potential difference thereto and to generate heat by effect of the electric current flowing therethrough.
• Figure 1 is a top plane view of the thermal fabric according to the present invention connected to an electric power supply;
• Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of the thermal fabric of the invention taken along line ll-ll of Figure 1 ;
• Figures 3,4,5 and 6 are diagrams used for evaluating the number of electrically conductive wires included among the warp and weft textile yarns of the thermal fabric.
• thermal fabric of the invention generally designated by 10.
• the thermal fabric 10 is manufactured in a manner known per se by interlacing a series of parallel warp forming yarns 11 and a series of parallel weft forming yarns 12.
• the yarns 11 and 12 are made of textile fibres.
• electrically conductive wires 13 that make the fabric 10 electrically conductive.
• the electrically conductive wires 13 could be included among the textile weft yarns 12 instead.
• the electrically conductive wires 13 are electrically insulated from the textile yarns 11 and 12 and are connected at their ends to at least two electrodes.
• FIG 1 there are shown three electrodes 14, 15 and 16.
• the electrodes are connected to an electric power supply, typically a battery, by means of an electric circuit comprising a switch or, as in the case illustrated, a change-over switch 18 that changes the connection of the electrodes 14, 15, 16 depending on the desired higher or lower heating power.
• the electrically conductive wires 13 are made of a metal material, preferably steel, and they are provided with an insulating covering of polymeric material, e.g. a polyamide.
• the electrodes 14, 15, 16 are made of a synthetic material formed by 94% in weight of a synthetic resin, f.i. polyester, and by 6% in weight of an electrically conductive material, f.i. a nickel plated steel obtained in a nickel galvanic bath and commercially available under the name of Bechinox. Furthermore, in order to reduce the electric resistance across the electrodes 14,15,16 and the electrically conductive wires 13, the electrodes have a conductive coating that can be applied thereto in the solid, liquid, gaseous or plasma state.
• the electrodes can be formed by the same electrically conductive wires 13.
• this can consist in weaving it with a conventional loom.
• the choice of the type of loom will depend on the desired flexibility and softness of the thermal fabric.
• the thermal fabric 10 of the invention can be used in the manufacture of heating garments and clothing. It has high heating power and is capable of giving comfort to the user even at outdoor temperatures much lower than the normal temperature of the human body.
• the number of electrically conductive wires to be included in the thermal fabric of the invention can be determined in the following manner. Assuming as data for this calculation the following quantities:
• the numbers /V wa .p and /V we.t of warp and weft electrically conductive wires in the thermal fabric are expressed as a function of the length L and width lV of the thermal fabric, respectively, for given values of the resistance per unit length r of the conductive wire and the electrical resistance R of the thermal fabric.
• the values of these functions are represented by two diagrams which vary depending on the values of the parameters r and R.
• the diagrams of Fig. 3 and 5 show the number ⁇ / war p of electrically conductive warp wires versus the length L of the thermal fabric, whereas the diagrams of Fig. 4 and 6 show the number ⁇ / weft of the electrically conductive weft wires versus the width Wof the thermal fabric.
• the method for determining the numbers N warp and ⁇ / we.t of the electrically conductive warp and weft wires in the thermal fabric consists in evaluating the electrical resistance R of the thermal fabric with either one of the following formulae: or
• R U 2 IP depending on whether T or P are known. Then the numbers /V war p and ⁇ weft are determined by means of the diagrams of Figures 3-6 for given values of the length L and width W of the thermal fabric and using the parameters r and R as referents.
• the warp and weft electrically conductive wires are equally spaced apart.
• the electrical resistance of the thermal fabric is the electrical resistance of the thermal fabric.
• the warp and weft electrically conductive wires are equally spaced apart.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11382380

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (4)

Citations (4)

• 1999
  • 1999-03-22 IT IT1999MI000577A patent/IT1311970B1/it active
• 2000
  • 2000-03-17 WO PCT/IT2000/000086 patent/WO2000056966A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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