WO1998056496A1 - Use of alkyl polyglycosides to improve foam stabilization of amphoacetates - Google Patents
Use of alkyl polyglycosides to improve foam stabilization of amphoacetates Download PDFInfo
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- WO1998056496A1 WO1998056496A1 PCT/US1998/011395 US9811395W WO9856496A1 WO 1998056496 A1 WO1998056496 A1 WO 1998056496A1 US 9811395 W US9811395 W US 9811395W WO 9856496 A1 WO9856496 A1 WO 9856496A1
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- Prior art keywords
- weight
- composition
- alkyl
- carbon atoms
- surfactant
- Prior art date
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- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 alkyl ether sulfate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940057950 sodium laureth sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl sulfate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000837 carbohydrate group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 229940047642 disodium cocoamphodiacetate Drugs 0.000 claims 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008121 dextrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/02—Alkyl sulfonates or sulfuric acid ester salts derived from monohydric alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/22—Amides or hydrazides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/56—Glucosides; Mucilage; Saponins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
- C11D1/146—Sulfuric acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/29—Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
- C11D1/525—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain two or more hydroxy groups per alkyl group, e.g. R3 being a reducing sugar rest
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
Definitions
- R 1 is H, C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or a mixture thereof, preferably C ⁇ C ⁇ alkyl, more preferably C 1 or C 2 alkyl, most preferably C, alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R 2 is a C 5 -C J1 hydrocarbyl moiety, preferably straight chain C 7 -C 19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably straight chain C 8 -C 17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain C -C 19 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Y is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof.
- alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as APG®, GLUCOPON®, PLANTAREN® or AGRIMUL® surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA, 19002.
- surfactants include but are not limited to:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
A surfactant composition containing (a) from about 1 to about 40 % by weight of a sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, an alkyl polyglycoside, and mixtures thereof; (b) from about 1 to about 40 % by weight of an anionic surfactant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10 % by weight of an amphoacetate; and (d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition. The anionic surfactants are preferably selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfate, alkyl ether sulfate, alkyl benzene sulfonate and mixtures thereof. The surfactant compositions are taught to be foaming and have foam stability.
Description
USE OF ALKYL POLYGLYCOSIDES TO IMPROVE FOAM STABILIZATION
OF AMPHOACETATES
Field of the Invention;
The present invention generally relates to improving the foam stability of liquid detergent compositions containing amphoacetates.
Background of the Invention;
It is known that various surfactants have been found to be useful in cleaning compositions, such as shower gels, shampoos, and light-duty detergents such as dishwashing detergents. In these types of compositions, high levels of foam production is a prerequisite. The most widely used surfactants in these types of compositions are anionic surfactants such as alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfonates, sulfosuccinates and sarcosinates.
It is sometimes advantageous to use mixtures of surfactants in compositions wherein the surfactants can
serve either the same or different functions, e.g., both acting to boost foam production or one serving to improve foamability and the other serving to adjust viscosity. However, known surfactant mixtures typically provide a compromise in performance when compared to the performance provided by the individual surfactants if used alone. For example, a mixture of more costly surfactants such as amine oxides, betaines and alkanolamides which provide good foamability by themselves, with less expensive surfactants which provide poorer foamability, will result in the formulation of a surfactant composition having an intermediate degree of foamability and poor foam stability.
Although the use of these types of surfactants, either alone or in admixture with others, results in the formation of acceptable levels of foam, this result is attended by two significant disadvantages. First, these surfactants are costly to use, thereby resulting in the products in which they are employed to also be more expensive. Second, and more importantly, due to an increase in environmental awareness, the use of chemicals having low environmental impact is being advocated.
Summary of the Invention;
The present invention is directed to a surfactant composition having improved foam stability containing: (a) from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant;
(b) from about 1 to about 40% by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, of
an amphoacetate; and (d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.
The present invention is also directed to a process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability involving: (a) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of an anionic surfactant; (b) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant; (c) providing from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of an amphoacetate; (d) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition and (e) combining components (a) -(d).
Description of the Invention;
Other than in the operating examples, or where otherwise indicated, all numbers expressing quantities of ingredients or reaction conditions are understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about".
The sugar surfactants which may be employed in the present invention may be selected from the group consisting of alkyl polyglycosides and polyhydroxy fatty acid amides ("gluca ides") .
The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides which can be used in the compositions and processes according to the invention correspond to formula I:
o * ι II I
R2 - c N - Y ( I )
wherein R1 is H, C1-C4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or a mixture thereof, preferably C^C^ alkyl, more preferably C1 or C2 alkyl, most preferably C, alkyl (i.e., methyl); and R2 is a C5-CJ1 hydrocarbyl moiety, preferably straight chain C7-C19 alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably straight chain C8-C17 alkyl or alkenyl, most preferably straight chain C -C19 alkyl or alkenyl, or mixture thereof; and Y is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative (preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Y preferably will be derived from a reducing sugar in a reductive amination reaction; more preferably Y is a glycityl moiety. Suitable reducing sugars include glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, and xylose. As raw materials, high dextrose corn syrup, high fructose corn syrup, and high maltose corn syrup can be utilized as well as the individual sugars listed above. These corn syrups may yield a mix of sugar components for Y. It should be understood that it is by no means intended to exclude other suitable raw materials. Y preferably will be selected from the group consisting of -CH2-(CHOH) n -CH2OH, -CH(CH2OH)-(CHOH) n.1 -CH2OH, -CH2- (CHOH) 2 (CHOR' ) (CHOH) -CH2OH, where n is an integer from 3 to 5, inclusive, and R' is H or a cyclic mono- or poly- saccharide, and alkoxylated derivatives thereof. Most preferred are glycityls wherein n is 4, particularly -CH2- (CHOH)4-CH2OH. Compounds of the
formula I are also known as glucamides. Therefore, when, for example, R1 is methyl, R2 dodecyl; and Y is -CH2-(CHOH)4-CH2OH, the compound in question is referred to as dodecyl N-methylglucamide. Methods for making polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known in the art. In general, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides can be made by reductively aminating a reducing sugar reacting with an alkyl amine to form a corresponding N- alkyl polyhydroxyamine and then reacting the N-alkyl polyhydroxyamine with a fatty aliphatic ester or triglyceride to form the N-alkyl, polyhydroxy fatty acid amide. Processes for making polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed in U.S. patent numbers 1,985,424; 2,965,576; 5,194,639; and 5,334,764, the entire contents of each of which is incorporated herein by reference.
The alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the invention correspond to formula II:
R30(R40)b(Z)a (II) wherein R3 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; Rή is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms ; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6. Preferred alkyl polyglycosides which can be used in the compositions according to the invention have the formula II wherein Z is a glucose residue and b is zero. Such alkyl polyglycosides are commercially available, for example, as APG®, GLUCOPON®, PLANTAREN® or AGRIMUL®
surfactants from Henkel Corporation, Ambler, PA, 19002. Examples of such surfactants include but are not limited to:
1. GLUCOPON® 220 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.5.
2. GLUCOPON® 225 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7. 3. GLUCOPON® 600 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
4. GLUCOPON® 625 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
5. APG® 325 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 9 to 11 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6.
6. PLANTAREN® 2000 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.4.
7. PLANTAREN® 1300 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 12 to 16 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.6. 8. AGRIMUL® PG 2067 Surfactant - an alkyl polyglycoside in which the alkyl group contains 8 to 10 carbon atoms and having an average degree of polymerization of 1.7.
Other examples include alkyl polyglycoside surfactant
compositions which are comprised of mixtures of compounds of formula I as described in U.S. patents 5,266,690 and 5,449,763, the entire contents of both of which are incorporated herein by reference. A particularly preferred alkyl polyglycoside for use in the present invention is one of formula II wherein R, is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, b is zero, and a is a number having a value of from 1 to about 6, and preferably about 1.6. The anionic surfactants which may be employed in the present invention may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates and alkyl benzene sulfonates. The alkyl sulfates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to formula III:
RςO-SOjX (HI) wherein Rj is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms and X is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. A particularly preferred alkyl sulfate for use in the present invention is sodium lauryl sulfate.
The alkyl ether sulfates which may be employed in the present invention correspond to formula IV:
R60-(CH2CH20)n-S03X (IV) wherein R6 is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having from about 10 to about 14 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to about 4, and X is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal. A particularly preferred alkyl ether
sulfate for use in the present invention is sodium laureth sulfate having from 1 to 3 moles of ethylene oxide.
The a phoacetates which may be employed in the present invention include, but are not limited to, cocoamphocarboxypropionates , cocoamphoglycinates , cocoa phopropionates , lauroamphocarboxypropionates , lauroamphocarboxyglycinates , lauroamphocarboxypropionic acid, and lauroamphoglycinates.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a surfactant composition having improved foam stability containing: (a) from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 4 to about 25% by weight, of a sugar surfactant, preferably an alkyl polyglycoside; (b) from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (c) from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, of an amphoacetate; and (d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition. It should be noted that additional surfactants, other than those described above, may also be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention. In a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the above- described surfactant composition is free of any amide surfactants.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability
involving: (a) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 4 to about 25% by weight, of a sugar surfactant, preferably an alkyl polyglycoside; (b) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, of an anionic surfactant; (c) providing from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, and preferably from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, of an amphoacetate; (d) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition; and (e) combining components (a) -(d) to form a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability.
Light-duty liquid detergents formulated with the surfactant composition of the present invention are distinguished by excellent cleaning performance associated with their enhanced foam stability properties. Moreover, due to the low levels of amphoacetate used to formulate the compositions, as compared to the higher amounts of amides that typically need to be used in order to obtain similar foam stability, the costs associated with the formulation of light-duty liquid detergents containing a surfactant composition in accordance with the present invention are significantly less.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a light-duty liquid detergent composition containing from about 1 to about 50% by weight, and preferably from about 10 to about 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the detergent composition, of the above-disclosed surfactant composition.
Auxiliary ingredients may also be employed in the above-disclosed light-duty liquid detergent composition. Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, builders, foam boosters, emulsifiers, fragrances, and the like. The present invention will be better understood from the examples which follow, all of which are intended for illustrative purposes only, and are not meant to unduly limit the scope of the invention in any way.
EXAMPLES The foam stability of surfactant compositions in accordance with the present invention was determined using soil pellets made up of Crisco oil, flour, olive oil, and milk.
Testing was performed preparing a solution of .12 grams of test formulation and 400 ml of 150 ppm hard water, wherein the solution was heated to a temperature of 110 °F. The solution was contained in a tergotometer which was agitated at 125 rpm until foam was generated. At the end of the foam generation period, the rate of agitation was reduced to, and maintained at, 50 rpm. To this solution there were then added 0.5 gram pellets of the soil, at 30 second intervals, until there was no foam left on the surface.
The formulations of the test surfactant compositions and foam stability results are found in Tables 1, 2 and 3 below.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the above-disclosed data, by substituting an amphoacetate for an amide, significantly less amphoacetate is needed to obtain comparable foam
stability/cleaning results. Consequently, light-duty liquid detergents formulated with the surfactant composition of the present invention will be both cheaper to manufacture and more environmentally friendly.
Claims
1. A composition comprising:
(a) from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, an alkyl polyglycoside, and mixtures thereof;
(b) from about 1 to about 40% by weight of an anionic surfactant;
(c) from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of an amphoacetate; and
(d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sugar surfactant is a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide corresponding to formula I:
II
- c ( i )
wherein R1 is H, cycc hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or a mixture thereof, and R2 is a C--C31 hydrocarbyl moiety; and Y is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sugar surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside corresponding to formula II: R30(R40)b(Z)a (II) wherein R3 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R4 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6.
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein in formula II, R3 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, b is zero, and a is a number having a value of from 1 to about 6.
5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the sugar surfactant is present in the composition in an amount of from about 4 to about 25% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl sulfate, an alkyl ether sulfate, an alkyl benzene sulfonate and mixtures thereof.
7. The composition of claim 6 wherein the alkyl sulfate is sodium lauryl sulfate.
8. The composition of claim 6 wherein the alkyl ether sulfate is sodium laureth sulfate.
9. The composition of claim 1 wherein the anionic surfactant is present in the composition in an amount of from about 10 to about 30% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
10. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amphoacetate is disodium cocoamphodiacetate.
11. The composition of claim 1 wherein the amphoacetate is present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
12. The composition of claim 1 further comprising an auxiliary component selected from the group consisting of other anionic co-surfactants, other nonionic co- surfactants, zwitterionic co-surfactants, foam boosters, fragrances, and mixtures thereof.
13. A composition comprising:
(a) from about 4 to about 25% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside corresponding to formula I:
R30(R40)b(Z)a (II) wherein Rj is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms; R4 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is 0; a is a number having a value of about 1.6; (b) from about 10 to about 30% by weight of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, and mixtures thereof;
(c) from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight of a disodium cocoamphodiacetate; and
(d) remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition.
14. A process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability comprising:
(a) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of a sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide, an alkyl polyglycoside, and mixtures thereof;
(b) providing from about 1 to about 40% by weight of an anionic surfactant;
(c) providing from about 0.1 to about 10% by weight of an amphoacetate; (d) providing remainder, water, all weights being based on the weight of the composition; and
(e) combining (a) -(d).
15. The process of claim 14 wherein the sugar surfactant is a polyhydroxy fatty acid amide corresponding to formula I:
O II
( I )
wherein R, is H, C_,-C4 hydrocarbyl, 2-hydroxy ethyl, 2-hydroxy propyl, or a mixture thereof, and R2 is a C5-C31 hydrocarbyl moiety; and Y is a polyhydroxyhydrocarbyl moiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with at least 3 hydroxyls directly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative thereof.
16. The process of claim 14 wherein the sugar surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside corresponding to formula II:
R30(R40)b(Z)a (II) wherein R3 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R4 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6.
17. The process of claim 16 wherein in formula II, R3 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms, b is zero, and a is a number having a value of from 1 to about 6.
18. The process of claim 14 wherein the sugar surfactant is present in the composition in an amount of from about 4 to about 25% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
19. The process of claim 14 wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl sulfate, an alkyl ether sulfate, an alkyl benzene sulfonate and mixtures thereof.
20. The process of claim 19 wherein the alkyl sulfate is sodium lauryl sulfate.
21. The process of claim 19 wherein the alkyl ether sulfate is sodium laureth sulfate.
22. The process of claim 14 wherein the anionic surfactant is present in the composition in an amount of from about 10 to about 30% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
23. The process of claim 14 wherein the amphoacetate is disodium cocoamphodiacetate.
24. The process of claim 14 wherein the amphoacetate is present in the composition in an amount of from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight, based on the weight of the composition.
25. The process of claim 14 further comprising an auxiliary component selected from the group consisting of other anionic co-surfactants, other nonionic co- surfactants, zwitterionic co-surfactants, foam boosters, fragrances, and mixtures thereof.
26. A process for making a surfactant composition having enhanced foam stability comprising:
(a) providing from about 4 to about 25% by weight of an alkyl polyglycoside corresponding to formula I:
R10(R20)b(Z)a (I) wherein R., is a monovalent organic radical having from about 12 to about 16 carbon atoms; R2 is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is 0; a is a number having a value of about 1.6; (b) providing from about 10 to about 30% by weight of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium laureth sulfate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, and mixtures thereof;
(c) providing from about 0.2 to about 5% by weight of an disodium cocoamphodiacetate;
(d) providing remainder, all weights being based on the weight of the composition; and
(e) combining (a) -(d).
27. A light-duty liquid detergent comprising from about 1 to about 50% by weight, based on the weight of the detergent, of the surfactant composition of claim 1.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU80567/98A AU8056798A (en) | 1997-06-12 | 1998-06-11 | Use of alkyl polyglycosides to improve foam stabilization of amphoacetates |
| EP98928872A EP1003605A4 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 1998-06-11 | Use of alkyl polyglycosides to improve foam stabilization of amphoacetates |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US87366597A | 1997-06-12 | 1997-06-12 | |
| US08/873,665 | 1997-06-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1998056496A1 true WO1998056496A1 (en) | 1998-12-17 |
Family
ID=25362086
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1998/011395 WO1998056496A1 (en) | 1997-06-12 | 1998-06-11 | Use of alkyl polyglycosides to improve foam stabilization of amphoacetates |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1003605A4 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU8056798A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998056496A1 (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001045505A2 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of anionic surfactants in hot foams for eliminating weeds |
| WO2013178684A2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Clariant International Ltd. | Composition containing amino acid surfactants, betaines and n-methyl-n-acylglucamines and having improved foam quality and higher viscosity |
| US10772324B2 (en) | 2012-11-03 | 2020-09-15 | Clariant International Ltd. | Aqueous adjuvant-compositions |
| US10813862B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2020-10-27 | Clariant International Ltd. | Use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamines as solubilizers |
| US10864275B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2020-12-15 | Clariant International Ltd. | N-methyl-N-acylglucamine-containing composition |
| US10920080B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2021-02-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | N-Alkyl glucamine-based universal pigment dispersions |
| US10961484B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2021-03-30 | Clariant International Ltd. | Compositions comprising sugar amine and fatty acid |
| US11220603B2 (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2022-01-11 | Clariant International Ltd. | Stabilizers for silicate paints |
| US11425904B2 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2022-08-30 | Clariant International Ltd. | Use of aqueous drift-reducing compositions |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993019149A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-09-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing compositions |
| WO1994009102A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-28 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Aqueous detergent mixtures |
| WO1995000116A2 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Personal cleansing system comprising a polymeric diamond-mesh bath sponge and a liquid cleanser with moisturizer |
| WO1995017163A1 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-29 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Skin cleaning composition |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8810820D0 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1988-06-08 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
| SE468252B (en) * | 1991-04-09 | 1992-11-30 | Berol Nobel Ab | LIQUID DISCHARGE COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN ANONICALLY SURFACTIVE AGENT AND A COMBINATION OF AMPOTATE SOCIETIES |
| BR9807407A (en) * | 1997-02-18 | 2000-03-14 | Henkel Corp | Process for making an aqueous cleaning composition having improved foam stability, and, aqueous cleaning composition |
-
1998
- 1998-06-11 WO PCT/US1998/011395 patent/WO1998056496A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-11 EP EP98928872A patent/EP1003605A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-11 AU AU80567/98A patent/AU8056798A/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993019149A1 (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-09-30 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Cleansing compositions |
| WO1994009102A1 (en) * | 1992-10-14 | 1994-04-28 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Aqueous detergent mixtures |
| WO1995000116A2 (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1995-01-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Personal cleansing system comprising a polymeric diamond-mesh bath sponge and a liquid cleanser with moisturizer |
| WO1995017163A1 (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1995-06-29 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Skin cleaning composition |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001045505A2 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2001-06-28 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh & Co. Kg | Use of anionic surfactants in hot foams for eliminating weeds |
| WO2001045505A3 (en) * | 1999-12-21 | 2002-06-06 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Use of anionic surfactants in hot foams for eliminating weeds |
| WO2013178684A2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Clariant International Ltd. | Composition containing amino acid surfactants, betaines and n-methyl-n-acylglucamines and having improved foam quality and higher viscosity |
| US9452121B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2016-09-27 | Clariant International Ltd. | Composition containing amino acid surfactants, betaines and N-methyl-N-acylglucamines and having improved foam quality and higher viscosity |
| US10813862B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2020-10-27 | Clariant International Ltd. | Use of N-methyl-N-acylglucamines as solubilizers |
| US10864275B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2020-12-15 | Clariant International Ltd. | N-methyl-N-acylglucamine-containing composition |
| US10772324B2 (en) | 2012-11-03 | 2020-09-15 | Clariant International Ltd. | Aqueous adjuvant-compositions |
| US11425904B2 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2022-08-30 | Clariant International Ltd. | Use of aqueous drift-reducing compositions |
| US10920080B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2021-02-16 | Clariant International Ltd. | N-Alkyl glucamine-based universal pigment dispersions |
| US10961484B2 (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2021-03-30 | Clariant International Ltd. | Compositions comprising sugar amine and fatty acid |
| US11220603B2 (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2022-01-11 | Clariant International Ltd. | Stabilizers for silicate paints |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1003605A4 (en) | 2001-04-18 |
| AU8056798A (en) | 1998-12-30 |
| EP1003605A1 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
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