US2774271A - Lever-actuated, slidable jaw wrench - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 1%, 1956 R. MANO 2,774,271

LEVER-ACTUATED, SLIDABLE JAW WRENCH Filed March 18, 1955 pi i 1 .6 I w 997 2 1 1| m] i 16 '17 1a ,1" 3

INVENTOR RAP MEL L. MAND United States Patent ice 2,174,271 Patented Dec. 18,, 195 6 LEVER-ACTUATED, SLIDABLE JAW WRENCH Raphael Lucien Mano, Paris, France, assignor to Societe dEtudes Mecaniques et dOrganisation Industrieile, Paris, France, a societe anonyme of France Application March 18, 1955, Serial No. 495,211

5 Claims. ((Jl. 81-127) The present invention has for its object an adjustable spanner constructed in such manner as to permit of the tightening or the unscrewing of a nut, without it being necessary to disengage the spanner when passing from a grip on two of theopposite sides of the nut to the subsequent grip on two other sides.

To this end, the spanner in accordance with the invention, which comprises a first jaw, which will hereinafter be referred to as the fixed jaw, is characterised in that its second jaw is slidably-mounted with respect to the said fixed jaw, and is constantly urged towards that jaw by a light control spring, and in that it is provided with means for fixing the moving jaw during the course of each elementary operation of tightening or unscrewing and, at the end of each efiort applied to the spanner, to give the moving jaw a certainfreedom to slide so that the said moving jaw may give way, against the opposing action of its control spring by the necessary and sufiicient amount to enable the jaws of the spanner to be brought into engagement with the followingsides of the nut.

The invention is illustrated by way .of example in the attached drawings, in which:

Fig. l is a view in elevation of one form of embodiment of the spanner;

Figs. 2 and 3 aredetail views in cross-section taken respectively along the lines II-II and IIIIII of Fig. 1;

Figs. 4 and 5 are views in elevation of alternative forms to the form of embodiment shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a detail of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a view in elevation of a further alternative form and relating to a form of embodiment of a spanner designed to operate semi-automatically.

In accordance with the form of embodiment shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the spanner consists of a fixed jaw 1 to which is rigidly fixed an arm 2 along which the moving jaw 3 is slidably-mounted, a relatively light control spring 4 tending to urge the moving jaw constantly towards the fixed jaw 1. The operating arm 5 is pivotally-mounted at 6 on the jaw 1, and comprises a heel portion 7, the face 8 of which is adapted to be applied against the corner 81: of the rear face of the jaw 3, the surfaces thus intended to be brought into contact being preferably grooved in the form of saw teeth.

It will be understood that if a nut is engaged between the jaws 1 and 3--the jaw 3 having preferably a forward lip 9 designed to facilitate such engagement-the control spring 4 holds the said jaw 3 in contact with the nut. If then the operating arm 5 is actuated in the direction of the arrow f1, the heel 7 comes into contact with the corner 8b of the jaw 3 and fixes it in position, the latter being locked in the direction is by the nut and in the direction f4 by the heel 7 of the operating arm. On the other hand, when the tightening force is no longer applied to this arm, if the said arm is slightly displaced in the direction h, the face 8 of the heel 7 leaves the jaw 3 which again becomes free; the spring 4 gives way and the jaw 3, guided by the shape of the nut, is moved first of all in the direction f4 and then when the spanner comes in contact with the subsequent sides of the said nut, in the direction f3 under the action of the spring 4. The spanner is thus in this manner made ready to carry out a further tightening operation. The return travel of the operating arm 8, which may be very short, is limited by an abutment 10 formed for example on the jaw 1.

As shown in Fig. 3, provision is made to form sawtooth grooves on the jaws 1 and 3, the saw teeth 11 and 12 being directed in opposite senses to each other with respect to the axis of the jaws, so as to ensure a better grip on the nut which is engaged between the jaws.

In accordance with an alternative form of embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the eifort of the operating arm 5 on the jaw 3 is applied by the extremity 8a, in the form of a wedge, of the heel 7 of this arm and teeth 13 are formed on the rear face of the moving jaw 3, in one of which teeth the wedge 8a is engaged, depending on the size of the nut being tightened. In accordance with a preferred form of embodiment, these teeth have a pitch and a depth which increase from one tooth to the next so as to obtain, in spite of the accuracy of adjustment of the jaws which becomes less as the size of the nuts to be handled becomes greater, an increase in the surface area of abutment and, in consequence, of the effort applied by the operating arm.

in the case of the forms of embodiment shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the spanner can obviously be reversed in position, depending on whether it is intended to effect either screwing up or unscrewing of the nut, in which case it will have to be disengaged from the nut.

The alternative form shown in Figs. 5 and 6 enables either tightening up or slackening ofi to be effected without having to disengage the spanner.

To this end, the operating arm 5 comprises, in addition to its heel portion 7 which acts as before in tightening up, an attachment 14 which carries a further heel 7a, symmetrical with the first and intended to operate when unscrewing. On the other hand, a further attachment 15, which is for example fixed .to the arm 2, is provided with threeabutments 16, 17 and 18, of which the central abutment can be removed by operating a finger piece 19. When tightening up (actuation of the arm 5 in the direction f1), the heel 7 acts between the abutments 16 and 17, while for unscrewing it is sufiicient to displace temporarily the central stop 17 so as to bring the heel 7 between the abuttnents 17 and 18, the stop 17 being then reestablished so that the arm 5, actuated in the direction f2, is used for unscrewing by the action of the' heel 7a, in identically the same conditions as those described above with reference to screwing-up. It is obvious that during the operation of unscrewing, the wedge 7a acts on the wedge of the jaw 3.

Fig. 7 shows a semi-automatic form of embodiment of V the shifting spanner, in accordance with which the moving jaw is provided with a series of saw teeth 20, the operating arm carrying an arm 21 which is pivotallyfixed at 22 on the operating arm and is controlled by a spring blade 23. The extremity of the arm 21 carries a wedge 24 intended to engage in one of the teeth 20. In this case, the operator presses with his thumb on the arm 21 to prevent movement of the jaw during the tightening-up operation, and leaves the blade free to enable the spanner to take a grip on the subsequent sides of the nut to be tightened up or unscrewed.

What I claim is:

1. An adjustable spanner having a fixed jaw, a shaft end rigidly secured to the said fixed jaw, a movable jaw slidably-mountecl along the said shaft end, a control spring mounted on the said shaft end and adapted to urge the said movable jaw towards the said fixed jaw, an operating handle for the said spanner, the said handle being 7 11.1.8 Lsaid movable jaw. 1

"iii abl 7 'pivotallyrmounted on' the fixed jaw at the extremity of" he. said jaw which is oppositetoI 1 its lip, tan, abutment. on

the said operating handle and adapted to so-operate with an abutment on the said fixed jaw, aheel formed on the :saidwzoperating; handle and having an incurve'd portion arranged opposite: theirear part ofithe 'saidi'movable jaw, ihe said indugved' portion. being hollowed-out in theeform i-Qf =a, g11tter"sqa&tocome into. abutment by its base with adjustable spannerhaving afixed jaw, a'shaft end Ii'g dlyfl sec red tqthe saidfixed jaw, a movable jaw slidably-mounted along the said shaft end, a restoring spr n msmn ed; onit e' aid shaft end nd adapt d t e 51 a a d m vabl jaw to atdsihp said. fixed iaw, 1 n Operatin handlei ona t t ngz e a d spanner an up vota yr fixed t t e s id fixed ialw t a qext ty o the aid dewwhidi i 9ppo i e to t sl p, a abu m n on the said a dl and a a ed to @swpe w 4, heii i fiz iiaw a hee yfo me o t e sa d JQBEEQfi fiPhiPQlg a s tbavin an i l l 'yd; ed e. arranged -QP Q FQ he a p lfi Q the a d mp ab e ia a sharp t he 9nd; f 1 45 nsu veded e a a ser e e h; ms: 9 the, s d tea jo h a iso as; sqpera e w th thez harp fd l fth'ah Q f h sai4PPe a in h nd1e. r 3-.'A n adjustable spanner in accordance with claim 2 d. fur.ther comgrising on the rear part 01; the said movahle'i ,i1 i tyf ;s?w i 1l 3P Ph an depth 6 'wlii ingest d w fia ei ih and the a jaw which is furthest from the said fixed jaw to the opposite end tvyhi ch is, nearest the said fixed jaw. t

' An adjustables ianner having a fixed jaw, a shaft.

I I ,ountd falong thesaid shaftenia control spring n1 ufited'on't'h'e said shaft endYandiadapted to urge the movable, jaw towards the said vlfiiii'ed jaw, an operg' han dl'e, for the said spannen'thle said- 'handlelbeing pivotallv nioufited "on" the fixed'jaw 1 at th extr mit of the said, jaw which is opposite toits Iii), a 11561 formed 'g handle. andil lavingt an incurved edge ng opf os tetherearpart of-the said'movable"jaw, ridge 59 1 1 99 7 t, I 9 d 19 said" @9 26; a

V metrical with respectt'to said shaft end the sharp ridge. ofthe heel rigidlytfixed to.the. said operatingiham dle, a secondattachment fixed to the extremityof the shaft end which carries thesaid movable jaw and, on the said second attachment, a system of three abutments in line, of which the central abutment is movable, adapted,

v secured'to the said'fixed jaw, a movable jaw operating handle so asto ensure 'a rotational travel of the saidvha'ndle such "asfltotbringtinto abutment withith'eisaid movable jaw either the one or. the other of ,the sharp ridges of the attachment which is'j igidly fixed to thehe'el 0f the said qperatingfha'ndlei t 5. An adf'stable spanner'having a fixed jaw, a shaft end'rigidly securedto the said fixed jaw,,-and which is adapted to format the same timejheoperating'handle of the said spanner, a'movable jaw slidably-mounted along the said shaft end, a control spring mounted on the said shaft end and adapted to urge the said movable jawto w r s the sa d .fixed jaw, a seri s .Qt-teeth ormed oniithe ea pa o th flsa dlmovahle ja a .levetpivotan ,m u te a .931 o it pxt miii s 9. 1 t e, s a end. whi h 1 th qrme iaf the. qiivqs e extte mi ytq the. said-leve andtinte ded. gengagerwith one of atwh otu he s idjmov ble jaw,"

, ons tutesht e sa Qperadfiahan an a pr n dapte t r th sa d p vcte lklevert oard tha in tian i wh sht itfie i hesaidim vablc jaw. 6 V t .1 ifife se si i sd 11? e pw gawm

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