US2371240A - Golg-s - Google Patents
Golg-s Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2371240A US2371240A US2371240DA US2371240A US 2371240 A US2371240 A US 2371240A US 2371240D A US2371240D A US 2371240DA US 2371240 A US2371240 A US 2371240A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- silver
- cadmium
- gold
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 7
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBOFZWHHAMJUSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cd].[Ag].[Au] Chemical compound [Cd].[Ag].[Au] QBOFZWHHAMJUSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005494 tarnishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
Definitions
- An object ofthe invention is to improve electric contacts and the composition thereof.
- Figure 1 illustrates a contact combination 'formed of contacts of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows a contact combination in 'which one of the contacts is of the composition of the present invention and the cooperating contact is formed of another material.
- the present invention contemplates an electric contact formed of an alloy containing gold, silver and one or both of the metals cadmium 'and zinc.
- the ingredients may be present in the following ranges of proportions, by weight:
- the preferred composition range is Per cent Cadmium i to 15 Silver 3 to 30 Gold Balance
- the following specic contact materials have been found to be very satisfactory.
- The'contact alloys are readily produced by contion range of gold-silver-cadmium. It has been found advantageous to have a homogeneous matrix since this will assist greatly in decreasing the tendency to either Welding of vcontacts or material transfer.
- the present contact materials made of gold base alloys have the disadvantage of high material transferY usually in the form of needles. Such needles will result in ultimate failure of the contacts since the needles will cause a mechanical interlocking into the crater of the mating contact.
- the improved alloys of the present invention eliminate these ldifficulties and thereby provide contacts which can be operated for long periods of time.
- the noble characteristics of the t alloys permit operation at extremely low contact pressures without creating films on the contact surfaces resulting in high contact resistance.
- the alloys are also applicable to control equipment which has to operate in industrial atmospheres usually contaminated with sulfur since they will resist tarnishing or corroding.
- a differential contact material such as a silver base, platinum and/or palladium base or a, refractory base composition.
- the refractory base metals may be either swaged tungsten compositions or Elkonites which are compound metals having a refractory base and containing lower melting .point materials such as copper, silver andgold.
- compositions moet suitable for electrical contact purposes fall within the ternary solid soluconsisting of cadmium and zinc, 1 to 50% silver and 40- to 08% gold.
- An electric contact formed of an alloy of 1 to 15% cadmium, 3 to 30% silver and the balance gold.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
' reacted Mar. 13, 1945 iJNlTED .STATI-:s tnrlzurormcs ELECTRIC CONTACT Franz R. Hensel, Kenneth L. Emmert, and James W. Wiggs, Indianapolis, Ind., assignors to P. 1R. Mallory & Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Ind., a corporation of Delaware Application May 27, 1943, Serial No. 488,7/16
4 Claims. (Cl. 20D-166) This invention relates to electric contacts.
An object ofthe invention is to improve electric contacts and the composition thereof.
Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the description and claims.
In the drawing Figure 1 illustrates a contact combination 'formed of contacts of the present invention and Figure 2 shows a contact combination in 'which one of the contacts is of the composition of the present invention and the cooperating contact is formed of another material.
The present invention contemplates an electric contact formed of an alloy containing gold, silver and one or both of the metals cadmium 'and zinc.
The ingredients may be present in the following ranges of proportions, by weight:
. Per cent Cadmium, zinc or cadmium plus zinc-- 0.5 to Silver 1 to 50 Gold t0 98 Small proportions of other ingredients, such as copper, platinum, palladium, nickel, cobalt, indium, tin, may in -some cases be present. These materials, if present, may be substituted for an equal proportion of silver in proportions of 0.1 to 20% of the alloy. n
Alloys of gold, silver and cadmium form the preferred contact material.
The preferred composition range is Per cent Cadmium i to 15 Silver 3 to 30 Gold Balance The following specic contact materials have been found to be very satisfactory.
The'contact alloys are readily produced by contion range of gold-silver-cadmium. It has been found advantageous to have a homogeneous matrix since this will assist greatly in decreasing the tendency to either Welding of vcontacts or material transfer.
The present contact materials made of gold base alloys'have the disadvantage of high material transferY usually in the form of needles. Such needles will result in ultimate failure of the contacts since the needles will cause a mechanical interlocking into the crater of the mating contact. The improved alloys of the present invention eliminate these ldifficulties and thereby provide contacts which can be operated for long periods of time. The noble characteristics of the t alloys permit operation at extremely low contact pressures without creating films on the contact surfaces resulting in high contact resistance. The alloys are also applicable to control equipment which has to operate in industrial atmospheres usually contaminated with sulfur since they will resist tarnishing or corroding.
In certain D. C. applications it has been found advantageous to operate the contacts of the present invention against a differential contact material such as a silver base, platinum and/or palladium base or a, refractory base composition. The refractory base metals may be either swaged tungsten compositions or Elkonites which are compound metals having a refractory base and containing lower melting .point materials such as copper, silver andgold.
I Figure l of the 'drawing shows a pair of cooperating contacts I and 3 both formed of the alloy of the present invention brazed or welded to support arms 2 and 4 respectively. Figure 2 shows contact 6 formed of the composition of the present invention mounted on support arm 6 for cooperation with another contact 'l formed of another composition mounted on .support arm 8..
While specific. embodiments of the invention have been described, it is intended to cover the invention broadly within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
' What is claimed is:
1. An electric contact formed ci an alloy ci 0.5
` to 20% of an element selected from the group ventional alloying methods, including standard g r melting procedures, manufacture by powder metallurgy.' plating. and subsequent diffusion etc. The compositions moet suitable for electrical contact purposes fall within the ternary solid soluconsisting of cadmium and zinc, 1 to 50% silver and 40- to 08% gold.
2. An electric contact formed of an alloy of 1 to 15% cadmium, 3 to 30% silver and the balance gold.
3. An electric contact formed of an alloy of 3% cadmium, 25% silver andthe balance gold.
4. .An electric contact formed` of an alloy of 10% cadmium, 20% silver and the balance gold.
, FRANZ R. HENSEL.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2371240A true US2371240A (en) | 1945-03-13 |
Family
ID=3434427
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2371240D Expired - Lifetime US2371240A (en) | Golg-s |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2371240A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2596454A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1952-05-13 | Metals & Controls Corp | Gold alloys |
| US3087810A (en) * | 1959-11-24 | 1963-04-30 | Muldawer Leonard | Temperature responsive resistance control elements |
| US3661569A (en) * | 1969-06-19 | 1972-05-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Low energy contacts |
| US3816097A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1974-06-11 | Owens Illinois Inc | Powders of metal, silver and gold |
-
0
- US US2371240D patent/US2371240A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2596454A (en) * | 1949-09-10 | 1952-05-13 | Metals & Controls Corp | Gold alloys |
| US3087810A (en) * | 1959-11-24 | 1963-04-30 | Muldawer Leonard | Temperature responsive resistance control elements |
| US3661569A (en) * | 1969-06-19 | 1972-05-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Low energy contacts |
| US3816097A (en) * | 1971-05-06 | 1974-06-11 | Owens Illinois Inc | Powders of metal, silver and gold |
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