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US20150226299A1 - Ball type cvt/ivt including planetary gear sets - Google Patents

Ball type cvt/ivt including planetary gear sets Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150226299A1
US20150226299A1 US14/425,842 US201314425842A US2015226299A1 US 20150226299 A1 US20150226299 A1 US 20150226299A1 US 201314425842 A US201314425842 A US 201314425842A US 2015226299 A1 US2015226299 A1 US 2015226299A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cvt
mode
variator
planetary
ivt
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Abandoned
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US14/425,842
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth E. Cooper
Timothy J. Morscheck
Andrew W. Phillips
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Dana Ltd
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Dana Ltd
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Priority to US14/425,842 priority Critical patent/US20150226299A1/en
Assigned to DANA LIMITED reassignment DANA LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PHILLIPS, ANDREW W., COOPER, KENNETH E., MORSCHECK, TIMOTHY J.
Assigned to DANA LIMITED reassignment DANA LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PHILLIPS, ANDREW W., COOPER, KENNETH E., MORSCHECK, TIMOTHY J.
Publication of US20150226299A1 publication Critical patent/US20150226299A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H37/0853—CVT using friction between rotary members having a first member of uniform effective diameter cooperating with different parts of a second member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/48—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/50—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/503—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which two members co-operate by means of balls or rollers of uniform effective diameter, not mounted on shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/48—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members with members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/50—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/52—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of another member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
    • F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
    • F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
    • F16H15/06—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B
    • F16H15/26—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a spherical friction surface centered on its axis of revolution
    • F16H15/28—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which a member A of uniform effective diameter mounted on a shaft may co-operate with different parts of a member B in which the member B has a spherical friction surface centered on its axis of revolution with external friction surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F16H2037/0873—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft with switching, e.g. to change ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0893—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT characterised in the ratio of the continuously variable transmission is different from zero when the output shaft speed is zero

Definitions

  • power transmissions disclosed herein have one or more operational modes, e.g., a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode, an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) mode, and an IVT/CVT mode.
  • the operational modes are selected for by engaging different clutches and/or brakes.
  • the power transmission apparatus comprises a power input shaft, one or more planetary gear sets, a variator, and one or more clutches and brakes (also called brake clutches).
  • a first planetary gear set is mechanically coupled to the power input shaft.
  • the variator is mechanically coupled to the some of the planetary gear sets.
  • the one or more clutches and brakes are to be used for switching among a plurality of operational modes of the power transmission apparatus.
  • the components of the power transmission have various configurations and comprise a variety of different types of parts.
  • the one or more clutches and brakes are configured to be selectively engaged or released to switch between the modes of the power transmission apparatus.
  • the gear set comprises a ravigneaux-like gear set, a dual sun planetary gear set, or a three sun planetary gear set.
  • the variator is coupled to a sun, a ring or a planet carrier of the planetary gear set.
  • the variator comprises a continuously variable transmission (CVT), such as a traction type, also known as ball-type CVT.
  • the power transmission further comprises a first and second ball ramp disposed on either side of the variator for providing a clamping force for torque transfer.
  • the power input shaft is coupled to a damper and the output of an internal combustion engine.
  • the one or more clutches and brakes comprises a first clutch or brake for selecting an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) mode of the power transmission apparatus.
  • the first clutch or brake is configured to couple to an output of a planet gear of the gear set.
  • the one or more clutches or brakes comprises a second clutch or brake for selecting a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode of the power transmission apparatus.
  • the second clutch or brake is configured to couple to an output of a sun gear of the gear set.
  • the one or more clutches or brake comprises a third clutch or brake for selecting an infinitely and continuously variable transmission (IVT/CVT) mode of the power transmission apparatus.
  • the third clutch or brake is configured to couple to a ring gear or a sun of the gear set.
  • the one or more clutches comprises an overdrive clutch or brake for affecting a speed increase.
  • the one or more clutches comprise a direct drive clutch.
  • the power transmission apparatus further comprises a power output mechanically coupled to the variator.
  • the power output comprises a power output ring for transmitting power from the variator to a differential box.
  • the power output comprises a power output shaft,
  • the power transmission further comprises an output gear set mechanically coupled to the power output shaft for transmitting power from the variator to a differential box.
  • FIG. 1 is a cutaway view of a currently known and used continuously variable transmission (CVT);
  • FIG. 2 is a magnified cutaway view of a ball and ring of the CVP of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a transmission based on CVP of FIG. 1 as used in a motor vehicle transmission;
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a multi-mode transmission according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a multi-mode transmission according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a multi-mode transmission according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a multi-mode transmission according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a multi-mode transmission according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure
  • CVTs Continuously Variable Transmissions
  • Such CVTs include many types, such as belts with variable pulleys, toroidal, and conical.
  • the principle of a CVT is that it enables the engine to run at its most efficient rotation speed by changing steplessly the transmission ratio in function of the speed of the vehicle. If needed, for example, when accelerating, the CVT can also shift to a ratio providing more power.
  • a CVT can change the ratio from the minimum to the maximum ratio without any interruption of the power transmission, at the opposite of usual transmissions which require an interruption of the power transmission by disengaging to shift of ratio.
  • a specific use of CVTs is the Infinite Variable Transmission or IVT. Where the CVT is limited at positive speed ratios, the IVT configuration can perform a neutral gear and even reverse steplessly.
  • a CVT can be used as an IVT in some driveline configurations.
  • Described herein are driveline configurations based on a ball type CVT, also known as CVP (Constant Variable Planetary), for which patents were applied for by Fallbrook Technologies, Inc. under the references US20040616399P and AU2011224083A1.
  • This CVT is composed of a certain number of balls, depending on the application, two discs with a conical surface contact with the balls, as input and output, and an idler as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • This CVT is composed of a certain number of balls, depending on the application, two discs with a conical surface contact with the balls, as input 995 and output 996 , and an idler 999 as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the balls 997 are mounted on axles 998 , themselves held in a cage or carrier allowing changing the ratio by tilting the ball's axles.
  • Other types of ball CVTs also exist, including the Milner Continuous Variable Transmission (MCVT) (MCVT).
  • the working principle is shown on FIG. 2 .
  • the CVP itself works with a traction fluid.
  • the lubricant between the ball and the conical rings acts as a solid at high pressure, transferring the power from the input ring, through the balls, to the output ring.
  • the ratio can be changed between input and output.
  • the ratio is one, when the axis is tilted the distance between the axis and the contact point change, modifying the overall ratio. All the ball's axes are tilted at the same time with a mechanism included in the cage.
  • the CVT is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 100 and the differential 102 as shown on FIG. 3 .
  • a torsional damper 101 is introduced between the engine 100 and the CVT 103 to avoid transferring torque peaks and vibrations that could seriously damage the CVT.
  • this damper is coupled with a clutch for the starting function.
  • the continuously variable transmission is less than ideal. Power ratios may not be the most effective and efficient, power transmission may be frequently interrupted, and the transmissions may involve the use of bulky and heavy parts. Therefore, improved continuously variable transmissions (CVT) overcoming at least some of these problems are desired.
  • power transmissions disclosed herein have one or more operational modes, e.g., a continuously variable transmission (CVT) mode, an infinitely variable transmission (IVT) mode, and an IVT/CVT mode, that are selected for by engaging different clutches or brakes.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode and infinitely variable (IVT) mode with a minimum number of clutches and brakes.
  • the CVT 203 is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 200 and the differential 202 .
  • a torsional damper 201 is introduced between the engine 200 and planetary gears 211 and 212 as shown on FIG. 4 .
  • Configuration 1c/ ( FIG. 4 ) uses a dual sun planetary 211 and 212 before going to the variator 213 .
  • the planets of first plane of gears planetary 211 of second plane of gears planetary 212 are made of a single piece.
  • the variator output is linked to an additional planetary 217 .
  • this planetary is locked to turn with a 1:1 ratio by applying the clutch 216 to lock its sun and planet carrier together. In some embodiments, a speed increase is achieved by having more spread by applying the overdrive clutch 216 to lock the sun of the planetary to the ground. In some embodiments, the ring of this planetary is then linked to the final drive 222 and differential 202 . In some embodiments, the second ring of the variator is linked to the planet carrier of the third planetary. In some embodiments, the configuration comprises two brakes, one for IVT mode 214 and one for CVT mode 215 . In some embodiments, the central part of that configuration comprises the variator described above. In some embodiments, a ball ramp on each side of the variator provides the clamping force necessary to transfer the torque.
  • the carrier 218 of the dual sun planetary is linked to the variator input ring 219 .
  • the carrier 218 of the dual sun planetary is connected to the housing in IVT mode by applying the IVT clutch 214 .
  • the sun of the second planetary 220 is linked to the carrier of the variator 221 .
  • the sun of the second planetary 220 is connected to the housing in CVT mode by applying the CVT clutch 215 .
  • the overall ratio is typically the product of the dual sun planetary ratio, the variator ratio, the output planetary 217 ratio and the final drive ratio 222 . In some embodiments, standstill, very low vehicle speeds and reverse is achieved by the IVT mode of the variator.
  • the transition between the two modes is simply done by releasing one brake and closing the other.
  • the clutch 216 of the output planetary might be used to select a ratio 1:1 in the output planetary 217 or an overdrive ratio. The transition between these two additional ratios is simply done by changing the parts engaged by the clutch 216 .
  • this device is able to change continuously its ratio to provide the best ratio achievable for the engine in function of the objectives of consumption or power. In certain instances, in a manual or automatic transmission, only some predetermined and discrete ratios are available and an interruption of the power transmission is needed to shift the ratio. In certain instances, the only interruption of power in this device is to change modes.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode and infinitely variable (IVT) mode with a minimum number of brakes.
  • CVT continuously variable
  • IVT infinitely variable
  • the CVT 303 is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 300 and the differential 302 .
  • a torsional damper 301 is introduced between the engine 300 and planetary gears 311 , 312 and 313 as shown on FIG. 5 .
  • Configuration 1d/ uses a three sun planetary (( 311 ), ( 312 ,) and ( 313 )) before going to the variator ( 314 ).
  • the planets of first plane of gears (planetary ( 311 )) of second plane of gears (planetary ( 312 )) and third plane of gears (planetary ( 313 )) are made of a single piece.
  • the variator output ring ( 320 ) is then linked to the final drive ( 322 ) and differential.
  • the configuration comprises three brake clutches, one for IVT mode ( 315 ); one for CVT mode ( 316 ) and one for an IVT/CVT mode ( 317 ) where the variator input ring ( 319 ) and the variator carrier ( 321 ) are both driven.
  • the central part of this configuration is the variator described above.
  • a ball ramp on each side of the variator provides the clamping force necessary to transfer the torque.
  • the carrier ( 318 ) of the three sun planetary is linked to the variator input ring ( 319 ). In some embodiments, the carrier ( 318 ) is connected to the housing in IVT mode by applying a brake ( 315 ). In some embodiments, the sun of the third planetary ( 313 ) is linked to the carrier of the variator ( 321 ). In some embodiments, the sun of the third planetary ( 313 ) is connected to the housing in CVT mode by applying brake ( 316 ). In some embodiments, in IVT/CVT mode, the sun of the second planetary is connected to the housing by applying brake ( 317 ), thus letting the variator input ring ( 319 ) and variator carrier ( 321 ) be both driven.
  • this IVT/CVT mode lies in-between the IVT mode and the CVT mode concerning speeds.
  • the overall ratio is the product of the three sun planetary ratio, the variator ratio and the final drive ratio.
  • standstill, very low vehicle speeds and reverse are typically achieved by the IVT mode of the variator.
  • the transition between the three modes is simply done by engaging one brake and releasing the others.
  • this device is able to change continuously its ratio to provide the best ratio achievable for the engine in function of the objectives of consumption or power.
  • a manual or automatic transmission In certain instances, in a manual or automatic transmission, only some predetermined and discrete ratios are available and an interruption of the power transmission is needed to shift the ratio. In some embodiments, the only interruption of power in this device is to change modes.
  • another advantage is that spread is higher than traditional gearboxes by having those three modes, which can improve global efficiency of the vehicle.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode, infinitely variable (IVT) mode and the combined IVT/CVT mode with a minimum number of brakes.
  • the CVT 403 is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 400 and the differential 402 .
  • a torsional damper 401 is introduced between the engine 400 and ravigneaux-like planetary 411 as shown on FIG. 6 .
  • Configuration 1e/ uses a ravigneaux-like planetary ( 411 ) before going to the variator ( 412 ).
  • the planets of first plane of gears and of second plane of gears are made of a single piece.
  • the variator output ring ( 420 ) is then linked to the final drive ( 422 ) and differential.
  • the configuration comprises three brake clutches, one for IVT mode ( 413 ); one for CVT mode ( 414 ), and one for an IVT/CVT mode ( 415 ) where the variator input ring ( 419 ) and the variator carrier ( 421 ) are both driven.
  • the central part of that configuration is the variator described above.
  • a ball ramp on each side of the variator provides the clamping force necessary to transfer the torque.
  • the carrier ( 418 ) of the ravigneaux-like planetary is linked to the variator input ring ( 419 ). In some embodiments, the carrier ( 418 ) is connected to the housing in IVT mode by applying brake ( 413 ). In some embodiments, the sun ( 416 ) of the second plane of gear of the Ravigneaux planetary ( 411 ) is linked to the carrier of the variator ( 421 ). In some embodiments, the sun ( 416 ) is connected to the housing in CVT mode by applying brake ( 414 ).
  • the ring of the planetary system ( 411 ) in IVT/CVT mode, is connected to the housing by applying brake ( 415 ), thus letting the variator input ring ( 419 ) and variator carrier ( 421 ) be both driven.
  • this IVT/CVT mode lies in-between the IVT mode and the CVT mode concerning speeds.
  • the overall ratio is the product of the ravigneaux-like planetary ratio, the variator ratio and the final drive ratio. In some embodiments, standstill, very low vehicle speeds and reverse are achieved by the IVT mode of the variator.
  • the transition between the three modes is simply done by engaging one clutch and releasing the other.
  • this device is able to change continuously its ratio to provide the best ratio achievable for the engine in function of the objectives of consumption or power.
  • this device in a manual or automatic transmission, only some predetermined and discrete ratios are available and an interruption of the power transmission is needed to shift the ratio.
  • the only interruption of power in this device is to change modes.
  • another advantage is that spread is higher than traditional gearboxes by having those three modes, which improves efficiency.
  • another advantage is that the ravigneaux-like planetary is a compact system.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode, infinitely variable (IVT) and the combined IVT/CVT mode with a minimum number of brakes.
  • the CVT 503 is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 500 and the differential 502 .
  • a torsional damper 501 is introduced between the engine 500 and ravigneaux-like planetary 511 as shown on FIG. 7 .
  • Configuration 1f/ uses a ravigneaux-like planetary ( 511 ) before going to the variator ( 512 ).
  • the variator output ring ( 520 ) is then linked to the final drive ( 522 ) and differential.
  • the configuration comprises three brake clutches, one for IVT mode ( 513 ); one for CVT mode ( 514 ), and one for an IVT/CVT mode ( 515 ) where the variator input ring ( 519 ) and the variator carrier ( 521 ) are both driven.
  • the central part of that configuration is the variator described above.
  • a ball ramp on each side of the variator provides the clamping force necessary to transfer the torque.
  • the output ( 516 ) sun of the ravigneaux-like planetary ( 511 ) is linked to the variator input ring ( 519 ).
  • the output ( 516 ) sun is connected to the housing in IVT mode by applying brake ( 513 ).
  • the carrier ( 518 ) of that system ( 511 ) is then linked to the carrier of the variator.
  • the carrier ( 518 ) is connected to the housing in CVT mode by applying brake ( 514 ).
  • the ring ( 517 ) of the planetary system ( 511 ) is connected to the housing by applying brake ( 515 ), thus letting the variator input ring ( 519 ) and variator carrier ( 521 ) be both driven.
  • this IVT/CVT mode lies in-between the IVT mode and the CVT mode concerning speeds.
  • the overall ratio is the product of the ravigneaux-like planetary ratio, the variator ratio and the final drive ratio. In some embodiments, standstill, very low vehicle speeds and reverse are achieved by the IVT mode of the variator.
  • the transition between the three modes is simply done by engaging one brake and releasing the others.
  • this device is able to change continuously its ratio to provide the best ratio achievable for the engine in function of the objectives of consumption or power.
  • this device in a manual or automatic transmission, only some predetermined and discrete ratios are available and an interruption of the power transmission is needed to shift the ratio.
  • the only interruption of power in this device is to change modes.
  • another advantage is that spread is higher than traditional gearboxes by having those three modes, which improves efficiency.
  • another advantage is that the ravigneaux-like planetary is a compact system.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode, infinitely variable (IVT) and the combined IVT/CVT mode with a minimum number of brakes.
  • the CVT 603 is used to replace a traditional transmission and is located between the engine 600 and the differential 602 .
  • a torsional damper 601 is introduced between the engine 600 and a planetary gear 611 as shown on FIG. 8 .
  • Configuration 1g/ uses a planetary gear set ( 611 ) before going to the variator ( 612 ).
  • the variator output is linked to an additional planetary ( 613 ).
  • this planetary ( 613 ) is locked to turn with a 1:1 ratio by applying the clutch ( 616 ) to lock its sun and planet carrier together.
  • a speed increase is achieved by having more spread by applying the overdrive brake ( 617 ) to lock the sun of the planetary to the ground.
  • the ring of this planetary is then linked to the final drive and differential.
  • the second ring of the variator is linked to the planet carrier of the third planetary.
  • the configuration comprises three brakes, one for IVT mode ( 615 ) and one for CVT mode ( 614 ) and one for applying an overdrive ratio ( 617 ).
  • the configuration comprises a clutch ( 616 ) to bypass the overdrive planetary ( 613 ) by putting it in a 1:1 ratio.
  • the central part of that configuration comprises the variator described above.
  • a ball ramp on each side of the variator provides the clamping force necessary to transfer the torque.
  • the ring of the input planetary is linked to the variator input ring. In some embodiments, the ring of the input planetary is connected to the housing in IVT mode by applying the IVT brake ( 615 ). In some embodiments, the carrier of the input planetary is connected to the housing in CVT mode by applying the CVT brake ( 614 ). In some embodiments, the carrier of the input planetary is linked to the carrier of the variator. In some embodiments, the overall ratio is typically the product of the input planetary ratio, the variator ratio, the output planetary ( 613 ) ratio and the final drive ratio. In some embodiments, standstill, very low vehicle speeds and reverse is achieved by the IVT mode of the variator.
  • the transition between the two modes is simply done by releasing one brake and closing the other.
  • the clutch ( 616 ) of the output planetary might be used to select a ratio 1:1 in the output planetary.
  • the Overdrive brake might be selected to provide an overdrive ratio. At any moment only one of these overdrive brake and direct drive clutch has to be engaged. The transition between these two additional ratios is simply done by releasing one and engaging the other.
  • this device is able to change continuously its ratio to provide the best ratio achievable for the engine in function of the objectives of consumption or power. In certain instances, in a manual or automatic transmission, only some predetermined and discrete ratios are available and an interruption of the power transmission is needed to shift the ratio.
  • the only interruption of power in this device is to change modes.
  • Other advantages include, but are not limited to: a small final drive (in one step, not needing a countershaft) and cost effectiveness of the system.
  • spread is higher than traditional gearboxes by adding the third planetary, which improves global efficiency of the vehicle.
  • the apparatus allows for mode shifting between the continuously variable (CVT) mode and infinitely variable (IVT) mode with a minimum number of brakes.
  • variable transmissions disclosed herein may be used in bicycles, mopeds, scooters, motorcycles, automobiles, electric automobiles, trucks, sport utility vehicles (SUV's), lawn mowers, tractors, harvesters, agricultural machinery, all-terrain vehicles (ATV's), jet skis, personal watercraft vehicles, airplanes, trains, helicopters, buses, forklifts, golf carts, motorships, steam powered ships, submarines, space craft, or other vehicles that employ a transmission.
  • SUV's sport utility vehicles
  • ATV's all-terrain vehicles
  • jet skis personal watercraft vehicles, airplanes, trains, helicopters, buses, forklifts, golf carts, motorships, steam powered ships, submarines, space craft, or other vehicles that employ a transmission.
  • CVT ball-type variators
  • VDP Variable-diameter pulley
  • Reeves drive a toroidal or roller-based CVT (Extroid CVT)
  • a Magnetic CVT or mCVT Ratcheting CVT
  • Hydrostatic CVTs Naudic Incremental CVT (iCVT)
  • Cone CVTs Radial roller CVT, Planetary CVT, or any other version CVT.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
US14/425,842 2012-09-07 2013-09-03 Ball type cvt/ivt including planetary gear sets Abandoned US20150226299A1 (en)

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US201261697912P 2012-09-07 2012-09-07
US201361783853P 2013-03-14 2013-03-14
PCT/US2013/057838 WO2014039439A1 (fr) 2012-09-07 2013-09-03 Transmission variable en continu/transmission variable à l'infini du type à bille comprenant des ensembles d'engrenages planétaires
US14/425,842 US20150226299A1 (en) 2012-09-07 2013-09-03 Ball type cvt/ivt including planetary gear sets

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US14/017,054 Expired - Fee Related US9052000B2 (en) 2012-09-07 2013-09-03 Ball type CVT/IVT including planetary gear sets

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WO2014039439A1 (fr) 2014-03-13
US9052000B2 (en) 2015-06-09
CN104769328B (zh) 2017-08-25
CN104769328A (zh) 2015-07-08
JP6320386B2 (ja) 2018-05-09
US20140194242A1 (en) 2014-07-10

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