TWI848886B - Method of making fish reefs by using oyster shells - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of making fish reefs by using oyster shells is aimed at recycling disused oyster shells and glass powders. After crushing the oyster shells, removing impurities, and grinding the oyster shells into shell powders with a small particle diameter, water and modifying agent are added based on the total amount of the shell powders whereby the calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃) of the shell powders forms the calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂). A specific proportion of water and activating agent are added based on the modified shell powders and the glass powders to form a cementitious mixture. A fish reef molding device is adapted to form the fish reefs with low costs, thereby reducing environmental pollution greatly, attaining waste recycling, and improving the economic value effectively.

Description

Method of using oyster shells as fish reefs

The present invention relates to a method for making a fish reef, and in particular to a method for making a fish reef using oyster shells.

According to the survey, when the area of oyster farming is large, the amount of waste oyster shells generated is also quite large. According to the waste statistics of the Council of Agriculture, Taiwan produces an average of about 120,000 tons of waste oyster shells each year. For a long time, due to the lack of an efficient recycling and treatment system, the lack of relevant industrial links, and the low profit of waste oyster shell recycling, a large amount of waste oyster shells that have not been properly handled have been randomly placed. Not only does it take up space, but it also breeds mosquitoes and flies, creates a foul odor, and pollutes the environment, becoming a major environmental issue. If it is landfilled, it will take up more space and it is difficult to find a site. Therefore, how to effectively remove the oyster shells in large quantities, implement source reduction, recycling and waste reduction, and convert the oyster shells into effective resource materials for reuse, is a topic that relevant companies are considering.

Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for making fish reefs using oyster shells, that is, to convert the waste oyster shells into a reusable fish reef material, so as to achieve the benefits of recycling waste and effectively reducing environmental pollution.

Therefore, the present invention uses oyster shells as a method for making fish reefs, which sequentially includes a preparation step, a crushing step, a grinding step, a modification step, a mixing step, a mold filling step and a curing and forming step; wherein the crushing step is provided with a crushing device to crush the oyster shells prepared in the preparation step in advance and remove the attached impurities, and the grinding step is provided with a grinder to crush the crushed oyster shells. The shell is ground into the form of oyster shell powder. In the modification step, a modifier and water are prepared. According to the total amount of the oyster shell powder, an appropriate amount of the modifier and water are added to modify the calcium carbonate in the oyster shell powder into calcium hydroxide. In addition, the mixing step comprises a mixing device, water and an activator. The glass powder prepared in the preparation step, the modified oyster shell powder, the water and the activator are mixed. The agent is placed in the mixing device according to a specific ratio and mixed to form a mixed material with adhesiveness and cohesion. As for the mold filling step, a fish reef mold filling device is used to mold the mixed material into a fish reef shape and perform maintenance, thus completing the fish reef manufacturing process. Therefore, the discarded oyster shell is crushed, ground, and then modified and stabilized, and then mixed with the glass powder to form a fish reef shape. After the water and the activator are added, they are mixed with each other to form a material with a bonding effect that can be used to make fish reefs, thereby converting the discarded oyster shells and the glass powder into a reusable resource to achieve the recycling and reuse of waste resources and enhance economic value. In addition, the formed fish reef can effectively replace the use required in the field of fishery operations to reduce the impact and pollution of excessive waste on the environment.

The above-mentioned other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly understood in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method 3 for making fish reefs using oyster shells comprises a material preparation step 31, a crushing step 32, a grinding step 33, a modification step 34, a mixing step 35, a mold filling step 36, and a curing and forming step 37. In the material preparation step 31, oyster shells having a weight percentage of 40-75% are prepared. , a 25-60wt% (weight percentage) glass powder b, the oyster shell a is a waste of the aquaculture industry, and the glass powder b is a waste generated by waste daily necessities and manufacturing industries. The particle size of the glass powder b is 0.8mm (inclusive) or less. Of course, the particle size of the glass powder b can be less than or equal to 0.8mm to appropriately meet different needs.

As mentioned above, the crushing step 32 is provided with a crushing device 4, which crushes the oyster shell a prepared above into a plurality of pieces, and makes the beef tendon rope attached to the oyster shell a during the breeding process fall off due to the crushing of the oyster shell a, so that the beef tendon rope is removed, and then the crushed oysters are The shells a are collected for processing in the next step; in addition, the grinding step 33 is equipped with a grinder 5, which can grind the aforementioned broken oyster shells a to grind the oyster shells a into powder particles, and the particle size of the powder particles is oyster shell powder a1 below 0.8 mm (inclusive). Of course, the oyster shell powder a1 is The particle size of the ground particles can be less than or equal to 0.8 mm, so as to be used appropriately according to different needs, and the oyster shell powder a1 formed after grinding is uniformly collected, and the next step can be continued; in addition, the modification step preparation 34 is provided with a modifier c and a water d1, that is, based on the total weight of the aforementioned ground oyster shell powder a1, 2-4 wt% (weight percentage) of the modifier c and 30-50 wt% (weight percentage) of the water d1 are added and mixed. In this embodiment, the modifier c is sodium hydroxide, and the calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) and react with it to form calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ), and form a stable oyster shell powder a1 for use.

Continuing from the above, the mixing step 35 is equipped with a mixing device 6, a water d2 and an activator e, that is, the glass powder b and the modified oyster shell powder a1 are placed in the mixing device 6 according to the specific addition ratio, and 30-50wt% (weight percentage) of the water d2 and 2-8wt% (weight percentage) of the activator e are added based on the total weight of the oyster shell powder a1 and the glass powder b (i.e. 2), and the activator e is a sodium hydroxide with activation ability. During the stirring process of the mixing device, the materials are fully mixed and stirred, and the activator e is appropriately added to the oyster shell powder a1 and the glass powder b, so that the materials react to become alkaline activation, which is not only beneficial to increase the stability of the mixing of the materials, but also can accelerate the silicon oxide (SiO ₂₎ react with calcium oxide (CaOH) to further generate calcium silicate (CaSiO ₃ ) with better compressive strength, and can form polymerization during the mixing and stirring process, and uniformly form a mixed material with a certain bonding effect. In particular, in this embodiment, the oyster shell powder a1 is preferably used in an amount of 52-54.1 wt% (weight percentage), the glass powder b is preferably used in an amount of 45.9-48 wt% (weight percentage), and the water d2 and the activator e of the mixing medium are preferably added in an amount of 39-42 wt% (weight percentage) based on the total amount of the oyster shell powder a1 and the glass powder b. wt% (weight percentage) is preferred, which is not only beneficial to improving the strength growth of the fish reef 8 to be formed subsequently, but also has a better compression resistance effect.

Continuing with the above, the mold filling step 36 is provided with a mold filling device 7 for molding the fish reef 8, that is, the mixed material is molded into the shape of the fish reef 8 by the mold filling device 7, so as to mold the fish reef 8; finally, the curing molding step 37 is to perform a curing operation on the molded fish reef 8, that is, the molded fish reef 8 is first placed in a static state. , and then a curing process is carried out through a curing device (not shown in the figure). At the same time, the appropriate temperature and curing time can be further selected according to the specifications of the formed fish reef 8. For example, the curing temperature can be set at 55~75℃, and the curing time is about 2~3 days. Of course, the curing temperature is preferably 65℃, so that after the curing operation, the finished fish reef 8 can be formed, that is, the production of the fish reef 8 is completed.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , when the present embodiment is operated, the discarded oyster shells a and the glass powder b are prepared according to the number and size of the fish reefs 8 to be formed, and the prepared oyster shells a are crushed so that the debris of the beef tendon rope attached to the oyster shells a can be separated in the process of the crushing process of the crushing device 4 because the oyster shells a are broken into a plurality of pieces. At this time, the beef tendon rope can be separated from the oyster shells a broken into pieces by sorting. The oyster shells a that have been sorted, cleaned, free of impurities and broken into blocks are collected, and then the oyster shells a are received by the grinder 5 to be ground into oyster shell powder a1 of the desired powder particle size, and the ground oyster shell powder a1 is placed in a reforming tank (not shown), and the appropriate reforming agent c and the water d1 are added to the total weight of the oyster shell powder a1 to carry out the reforming process, so that the calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) After the modification process, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ) is generated, and the oyster shell powder a1 with better stability is further formed (see FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b for X-Ray Diffraction; XRD spectrum of oyster shell powder before and after modification).

Continuing with the above, the modified oyster shell powder a1 and the glass powder b in the previous step can be placed in the mixing device 6 according to the preferred ratio for thorough mixing, and the activator e and the water d2 are added during the mixing process. The activator e and the water d2 are used as the medium to make the materials react to become alkaline activated, and polymerize to uniformly form a mixed material with a certain adhesive effect. At the same time, the mixing time can be appropriately adjusted according to the amount of the materials, and then the mixed material after the mixing process can be filled into the mold (not shown) of the mold filling device 7 to gradually shape the fish reef 8, and the formed fish reef 8 is demolded and cured to make the fish reef 8 is gradually formed into a hard solid shape within the required curing time in the curing environment presented by the better curing temperature, and can be used in the required fishery engineering field after completion; therefore, it can be clearly known from the aforementioned process that the materials used in the process of forming the fish reef 8 of the present invention are all waste materials, and no natural bone is added. By using a large amount of discarded oyster shells a and discarded glass powder b, the discarded oyster shells a and the glass powder b can be formed into a resource-recyclable environmentally friendly material, thereby effectively reducing the problem of the difficulty in obtaining landfill sites for waste, and at the same time effectively reducing environmental pollution, and achieving the effective economic value improvement of waste recycling and reuse.

To summarize the above, the method for making fish reefs using oyster shells of the present invention mainly uses the discarded oyster shells and the glass powder as materials for making fish reefs. By consistently carrying out the proportion of ingredients and various process steps of the present invention, environmentally friendly fish reef materials with economic value can be gradually formed, so as to achieve the recycling and resource utilization of waste. It can not only effectively reduce the problem of difficulty in obtaining landfill sites for waste, but also effectively reduce environmental pollution, thereby achieving the benefit of increasing the effective economic value of waste recycling and reuse.

However, the above is only to illustrate the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. In other words, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the invention specification should still fall within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

(The present invention) 3: Method for making fish reefs using oyster shells 31: Material preparation step 32: Crushing step 33: Grinding step 34: Modification step 35: Mixing step 36: Mold filling step 37: Curing and molding step 4: Crushing equipment 5: Grinding machine 6: Mixing equipment 7: Mold filling equipment 8: Fish reefs a: Oyster shells a1: Oyster shell powder b: Glass powder c: Modifier d1, d2: Water e: Activator

Figure 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the material mixing components of the preferred embodiment. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the fish reef preparation of the preferred embodiment. Figure 4a is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the oyster shell powder before modification of the preferred embodiment. Figure 4b is an X-ray diffraction spectrum of the oyster shell powder after modification of the preferred embodiment.

3: Method of using oyster shells as fish reefs

31: Preparation steps

32: Crushing Steps

33: Grinding step

34: Improvement step

35: Mixing step

36: Mold filling step

37: Maintenance and molding steps

4: Crushing equipment

5: Grinder

6: Mixing equipment

7:Mold filling equipment

8: Fish reef

a: Oyster shell

b: Glass powder

c: Modifier

d1, d2: water

e: Activator

Claims (5)

A method for making fish reefs using oyster shells comprises: a preparation step, wherein the preparation comprises 40-75wt% (weight percentage) of oyster shells and 25-60wt% (weight percentage) of glass powder; a crushing step, wherein the preparation comprises a crushing device, wherein the oyster shells are crushed by the crushing device to form a plurality of oyster shell blocks, and beef tendons and debris attached to the oyster shell blocks after crushing are removed; a grinding step, wherein the preparation comprises a grinder, wherein the oyster shell blocks formed by the aforementioned steps are ground into fine particles to form an oyster shell powder form; a modification step, which comprises a modification agent and water, wherein the modification agent and the water are added at 2-4wt% (weight percentage) and 30-50wt% (weight percentage) based on the total weight of the oyster shell powder, so as to convert the calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) in the oyster shell powder into calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) ₂ ); a mixing step, which comprises a mixing device, water and an activator, wherein the glass powder and the modified oyster shell powder are placed in the mixing device according to the adding ratio, and the water and the activator are added at 30-50wt% (weight percentage) and 2-8wt% (weight percentage) based on the total weight of the glass powder and the oyster shell powder, and mixed into a mixed material with a certain bonding effect; A mold filling step, which is equipped with a mold filling device for molding a fish reef shape, and the mixed material of the previous step is molded into a fish reef shape through the mold filling device; and a curing and molding step, after curing the aforementioned formed fish reef, it can be used as a fish reef. According to the method for making fish reefs using oyster shells as claimed in claim 1, the modifier is sodium hydroxide. According to the method for making fish reefs using oyster shells as described in claim 1, the activator is sodium hydroxide. According to the method for making fish reefs using oyster shells as described in claim 1, the particle size of the oyster shell powder is 0.8 mm (inclusive) or less. According to the method for making fish reefs using oyster shells as claimed in claim 1, the particle size of the glass powder is 0.8 mm (inclusive) or less.