TWI760638B - Electric locomotive structure to improve motor efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which mainly includes an electric motor, a speed change gear set and a speed change gear box, wherein the speed change gear set is assembled in the speed change gear box body, and the power input of the speed change gear set is One end of the shaft passes through the middle seat of the transmission gear box, and a power input pulley is assembled at this end of the power input shaft. A motor pulley is set on the rotating shaft, and a belt is set between the motor pulley and the aforementioned power input pulley, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear set through the belt, and through the shift pedal and shift The shaft is used to generate the purpose of shifting (gear), and the generated speed is output from the speed output shaft in the speed change gear set, and the speed output sprocket set on the speed output shaft drives the rear wheel with a chain, so as to obtain the speed of the vehicle. Different torque outputs are required by different road conditions, so that the electric motor can generate the most suitable driving torque and speed in various control states such as vehicle starting and climbing, thereby enabling the electric motor to achieve the best output efficiency and greatly reduce power consumption. And the purpose of improving battery life.

Description

Electric locomotive structure to improve motor efficiency

The present invention relates to an electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, in particular to a speed change gearbox directly using an old or new fuel engine vehicle, which is converted into an electric motor as a power source to drive the speed change gearbox, so as to use the traditional fuel engine vehicle as a power source. The high-quality shifting effect of the original gear box enables the electric motor to generate the most suitable driving rate at the start of the vehicle and various traveling states, thereby enabling the electric motor to achieve the best output efficiency, greatly reducing power consumption and improving endurance.

The present invention relates to an electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which is a further improvement of the inventor's previous application for invention patent No. 105120677, and the US patent application with the same content as the aforementioned invention patent has also been filed in January 2019. US Patent No. 10,189,543 B2 was approved on the 29th. In this case, the structure previously applied for was further simplified, and the main drive shaft, main drive gear and clutch were removed. The power input gear for power input is replaced by a power input pulley, so that the electric motor directly drives the power input pulley with a belt, so as to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure, improving motor efficiency, reducing motor power consumption and improving endurance.

Furthermore, as mentioned in the inventor's previous patent application for invention No. 105120677, the current electric vehicle has not been able to significantly replace the market sales of fuel vehicles, which means that the performance of electric vehicles still cannot meet the practical needs of consumers. The reason is that the development of electric vehicles has continued to improve its main Disadvantages: insufficient battery life, long charging time, insufficient starting torque, and high cost of high-performance vehicles. Therefore, before the power storage device is improved, the fastest and most effective way is to change the driving method of the motor. The way of car driving is roughly divided into: (1) direct drive, (2) reduction gear drive, (3) belt-type CVT drive. The characteristics and shortcomings of the electric vehicle driving methods currently sold on the market are briefly described as follows:

(1) Direct drive mode:

Its simple structure, no complicated speed change system, and low cost are the methods used by many electric vehicles, but it is also the one with the biggest difference from the actual use; when using a motor with a smaller horsepower, although the current consumption is less, it will start to low speed. It is easier to control at this stage, but the actual urban driving situation is that there are frequent forwards and stops, and the starting time will be prolonged due to the low horsepower, which will cause the motor to draw a large amount of power from the battery in order to overcome the inertia at the starting stage of the vehicle. On a sloped road section, the torque output is increased due to the inability to shift gears, and the driving mileage is further shortened.

Although increasing the horsepower of the motor can improve the above shortcomings, in addition to the increase in power consumption, the high horsepower output will easily cause the danger of explosion in the initial stage of the vehicle, making it difficult for ordinary drivers to control.

(2) Fixed reduction gear ratio drive mode:

It uses a high-speed motor with a reduction gear to improve the ability to start from a low-speed stage, but a reduction gear set with a fixed ratio cannot meet the driving needs of both low-speed and high-speed at the same time (when the electric vehicle is running at high speed, the driver can only increase the motor speed. The high-speed operation of the motor will generate high temperature, which will cause the motor to consume higher electrical energy and greatly reduce the cruising distance of the electric vehicle).

(3) Belt CVT drive mode:

It uses two sets of V-groove turntables to clamp the transmission belt, and uses the speed of the motor to change the centrifugal force of the V-groove turntable, and further change the diameter ratio of the turntable to complete the deceleration ratio.

The V-groove turntable must clamp the drive belt to prevent slippage between the belt and the turntable. Therefore, high friction and high heat dissipation are likely to occur, resulting in a large amount of energy loss and greatly reducing the cruising distance of the electric vehicle.

Furthermore, in general fuel engine vehicles, the combination of clutches and transmission gearboxes, and the use of cylinders, cranks and crankshafts to produce the best driving effect, and achieve the purpose of fuel saving, but the fuel engine will emit a lot of exhaust gas, Air pollution is caused, but how to remove the pollution problem of the fuel engine, and use its variable speed gearbox to make the electric motor exert the maximum effect, reduce power consumption and increase the range, is the main purpose of the present invention.

In view of the above-mentioned complex structure of the conventional fuel engine and the practical difficulties and defects to be improved in the current electric vehicle design, the inventor hopes to provide a breakthrough design to enhance the practical effect. Collecting his years of professional technical knowledge and practical experience in related product design, production and sales, and the results of research and design, he finally developed an electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency of the present invention to provide users.

This case is a further simplified design of the structure of the inventor's previous patent application for invention No. 105120677. In addition to removing the combustion and explosion components of the internal combustion engine such as the cylinder, crank and crankshaft of the original fuel engine, The main drive shaft, main drive gear and clutch are removed, and at the same time, they will be set on the transmission gear The power input gear used as power input on one side of the wheel is replaced by a power input pulley, so that the electric motor directly drives the power input pulley with a belt, so as to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure, improving motor efficiency, reducing motor power consumption and improving endurance. .

It mainly includes an electric motor, a speed change gear set and a speed change gear box, wherein the speed change gear set is set in the speed change gear box body, and one end of the power input shaft of the speed change gear set passes through the middle seat of the speed change gear box. The end group of the input shaft is provided with a power input pulley. The electric motor is assembled on the locking portion formed by the side of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. The rotating shaft of the electric motor passes through the locking portion and is connected to the rotating shaft of the electric motor. A motor pulley is set on the upper set, and a belt is set between the motor pulley and the aforementioned power input pulley, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear set by the belt, and through the shift pedal and the shift shaft, The connecting rod set at one end of the shift shaft drives the extension arm of the gear switch plate, so that the gear switch plate set on the shift fork shaft can drive the shift fork shaft to generate the purpose of shifting (gear), and the generated The rotation speed is output by the rotation speed output shaft in the speed change gear set, and the rear wheel is driven by the rotation speed output sprocket set on the rotation speed output shaft through the chain.

The inventors of the present invention know from the experience in the implementation of the previous patent application for invention No. 105120677 that in general fuel engines, due to the large rotational inertia of the crankshaft driven by the piston during detonation, the reaction time of acceleration and deceleration is relatively long. If there is no clutch control, It will cause the situation of stalling at the start and gears are prone to be hit when the gears are shifted and reversed during driving, and the electric vehicle does not have the problem of stalling at the start, and the response time of motor acceleration and deceleration is short, and the above-mentioned electric motor drives the power input shaft with a belt. , the power is transmitted to the rear wheel through the speed change gear set, the speed output sprocket, and then the chain. Therefore, this case does not need a clutch, and only needs to use the speed control handle appropriately when shifting gears to slightly reduce the motor speed and reduce the speed change. After the torque output of the gear set is loaded, the gear shift lever can be used to easily shift in or out.

In addition, in the transmission method of the electric motor and the power input shaft of the present invention, a sprocket can be provided on both the electric motor rotating shaft and the power input shaft, and a chain is used as a connecting drive. Another embodiment can also be used on the electric motor rotating shaft. There is a gear on the shaft and the power input shaft, or an intermediate gear is set between the two gears, so as to increase the center distance between the motor shaft and the power input shaft, and avoid the occurrence of the motor and the main body when the motor is installed in the transmission gearbox. interference to form another driving method.

The main purpose of the present invention is to remove the main drive shaft, main drive gear and clutch in the previous case, and at the same time replace the power input gear on the side of the speed change gear as power input with a power input pulley, so that the electric power The motor directly drives the power input pulley with the belt, so as to achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure, reducing the cost, improving the efficiency of the motor, reducing the power consumption of the motor and improving the endurance.

In order to enable your examiners to better understand the structural features and effects of the present invention, the drawings are described in detail below.

(1): Electric motor

(11): Spindle

(12): Pulley

(122)(432):Gear

(121)(431): Sprocket

(2): Belt

(21): Chain

(22): Intermediate gear

(3): Battery

(4): Variable speed gearbox

(41): Ontology

(411): Middle Block

(412):Side Cover

(42): Transmission gear set

(421): Speed output sprocket

(422): Speed output shaft

(423): Power input shaft

(43): Power input pulley

(5): Shift lever

(51): Shift shaft

(52): connecting rod

(521)(532): Shaft hole

(522):Pivot hole

(53): Gear switch

(531): Extension Arm

(54): Fork shaft

(6): Vehicle

(61): Speed control handle

(62): rear wheel

The first figure is an exploded perspective view of the present invention.

The second figure is a combined perspective view of the present invention.

The third figure is a perspective view of the internal structure of the present invention when the transmission gearbox is removed.

Figure 4 is a partial exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention when it is actually incorporated into a locomotive.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention when it is actually combined on a locomotive.

The sixth figure is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention using a chain drive.

Fig. 7 is a perspective exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention using gear transmission.

Please refer to the first, second, third, fourth and fifth figures, the present invention relates to an electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which mainly includes an electric motor (1), a transmission gear set ( 42) and a speed change gear box (4), the speed change gear set (42) is assembled in the body (41) of the speed change gear box (4), and one end of the power input shaft (423) of the speed change gear set (42) is connected to the Passing through the middle seat (411) of the transmission gear box (4), a power input pulley (43) is arranged at this end of the power input shaft (423), and the aforementioned electric motor (1) is arranged in the transmission gear box (4) The locking portion formed on the side of the middle seat (411), the rotating shaft (11) of the electric motor (1) passes through the locking portion of the middle seat (411) of the transmission gearbox (4), and is connected to the electric motor (1) A motor pulley (12) is assembled on the rotating shaft (11), and a belt (2) is assembled between the motor pulley (12) and the aforementioned power input pulley (43), so that the electric motor (1) can use the belt ( 2) Drive the power input shaft (423) of the transmission gear set (42), and through the shift pedal (5) and the shift shaft (51), make the connecting rod (52) arranged at one end of the shift shaft (51) ) drives the extension arm (531) to push and pull the gear switch plate (53), so that the gear switch plate (53) provided on the shift fork shaft (54) can drive the shift fork shaft (54) to generate a shift (gear) purpose , and the generated rotational speed is output from the rotational speed output shaft (422) in the speed change gear set (42), and the rotational speed output sprocket (421) arranged on the rotational speed output shaft (422) drives the vehicle (6) with a chain The rear wheel (62), the aforementioned connecting rod (52) has a shaft hole (521), through which the shaft hole (521) is assembled to one end of the shifting shaft (51), and the other end of the connecting rod (52) has a pivot hole ( 522), the outer end of the extension arm (531) of the gear switch plate (53) is pivotally connected to the pivot hole (522) of the connecting rod (52), and the gear switch plate (53) has a shaft hole (532), The shaft hole (532) is assembled with one end of the shift fork shaft (54) to control gear shifting, and the middle seat (411) of the gear box (4) is provided with a side cover (412) to facilitate maintenance, and is used in the vehicle. (6) There is a battery (3) in front of the seat to provide the required power.

Generally, a fuel engine has a large rotational inertia of the crankshaft driven by the piston when it detonates, so the reaction time of acceleration and deceleration is long. However, the electric vehicle does not have the problem of starting and stalling, and the response time of motor acceleration and deceleration is short. The above-mentioned electric motor (1) drives the power input shaft (423) with the belt (2), through the transmission gear set (42) and the rotational speed. The output sprocket (421) transmits the power to the rear wheel (62) through the chain. Therefore, in this case, no clutch is required, and the speed control handle (61) is only required to be properly used when shifting gears, and the electric motor (1) is slightly lowered. ) speed, and after reducing the torque load output by the transmission gear set (42), the shift pedal (5) can be used to easily shift in or out.

In addition, in the transmission mode of the electric motor (1) and the power input shaft (423) of the present invention, a sprocket (121) (431) can be provided on the rotating shaft (11) and the power input shaft (423) of the electric motor (1). ), and the chain (21) is used as a connecting drive (as shown in the sixth figure). In another embodiment, a rotary shaft (11) and a power input shaft (423) of the electric motor (1) can also be provided with a Gears (122) (432), or an intermediate gear (22) is arranged between the two gears (122) (432) to increase the center distance between the motor shaft (11) and the power input shaft (423), Interference between the motor (1) and the main body (41) can be avoided when the motor (1) is installed in the transmission gear box (4), so as to form another driving mode (as shown in the seventh figure).

To sum up, the present invention has no pollution problems of fuel engines, and utilizes its variable speed gearbox to maximize the efficiency of the electric motor, reduce power consumption, have a very low failure rate, and increase the range, which is very novel. , Progressive and industrially applicable inventions have met the requirements for granting a patent for invention. It is a matter of virtue and convenience to file a patent application in accordance with the law.

Only the above-mentioned ones are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention, all the equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention should still belong to the patent of the present invention. within the scope of coverage.

(1): Electric motor

(4): Variable speed gearbox

(421): Speed output sprocket

(422): Speed output shaft

(5): Shift lever

(51): Shift shaft

Claims (10)

An electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which mainly includes an electric motor, a speed change gear set and a speed change gear box. There is a middle seat, one end of the power input shaft of the speed change gear set passes through the middle seat of the speed change gear box, and a power input pulley is set at this end of the power input shaft, and the aforementioned electric motor is assembled on the middle seat side of the speed change gear box The locking part formed by the side, the rotating shaft of the electric motor passes through the locking part of the middle seat of the transmission gear box, a motor pulley is assembled on the rotating shaft of the electric motor, and a motor pulley is assembled between the motor pulley and the power input pulley. The belt, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the speed change gear set by the belt, and through the shift pedal and the shift shaft, the connecting rod set at one end of the shift shaft drives the extension pivoted on the gear switch plate The arm pushes and pulls the gear switch plate, so that the gear switch plate set on the shift fork shaft can drive the shift fork shaft, and the generated rotational speed is output from the rotational speed output shaft in the speed change gear set, and is set on the rotational speed output shaft. The speed output sprocket drives the rear wheel of the vehicle with a chain. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein a side cover is provided on the outside of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 1 of the patent application scope further includes a speed control handle to control the output rotational speed and running speed of the electric motor. An electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which mainly includes an electric motor, a speed change gear set and a speed change gear box. There is a middle seat, one end of the power input shaft of the transmission gear set passes through the middle seat of the transmission gear box, a sprocket is set at this end of the power input shaft, and the aforementioned electric motor is assembled on the side of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. formed The locking part of the electric motor, the rotating shaft of the electric motor passes through the locking part of the middle seat of the transmission gear box, a sprocket is assembled on the rotating shaft of the electric motor, and the sprocket set on the rotating shaft of the electric motor is connected to the power input shaft. A chain is set between the sprockets at the end, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the transmission gear set through the chain, and through the transmission pedal and the transmission shaft, the connecting rod at one end of the transmission shaft drives the transmission The extension arm pivotally connected to the gear switch plate pushes and pulls the gear switch plate, so that the gear switch plate set on the shift fork shaft can drive the shift fork shaft, and the generated rotational speed is output from the rotational speed output shaft in the speed change gear set , and the rear wheel of the vehicle is driven by the rotation speed output sprocket set on the rotation speed output shaft through the chain. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 4 of the scope of the application, wherein a side cover is provided on the outside of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in item 4 of the scope of the patent application further includes a speed control handle to control the output rotational speed and running speed of the electric motor. An electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency, which mainly includes an electric motor, a speed change gear set and a speed change gear box. There is a middle seat, one end of the power input shaft of the transmission gear set passes through the middle seat of the transmission gear box, a gear is set at this end of the power input shaft, and the aforementioned electric motor is assembled on the side of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. The locking part is formed, the rotating shaft of the electric motor passes through the locking part of the middle seat of the transmission gear box, and a gear is assembled on the rotating shaft of the electric motor, so that the gear set on the rotating shaft of the electric motor is connected with the aforementioned power input shaft. The gears provided at the end of the gear are engaged with each other for transmission, so that the electric motor can drive the power input shaft of the transmission gear set through the gears, and through the shift pedal and the shift shaft, the connecting rod set at one end of the shift shaft is driven to pivot on the The extension arm of the gear switch plate pushes and pulls the gear switch plate, so that the gear switch plate set on the shift fork shaft can drive the shift fork shaft, and the all The generated rotational speed is output by the rotational speed output shaft in the speed change gear set, and the rotational speed output sprocket set on the rotational speed output shaft drives the rear wheel of the vehicle with a chain. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein a side cover is provided on the outside of the middle seat of the transmission gear box. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 7 of the scope of the patent application further includes a speed control handle to control the output rotational speed and running speed of the electric motor. The electric locomotive structure for improving motor efficiency as described in claim 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein an intermediate gear is provided between the gear provided at the end of the power input shaft and the gear provided on the rotating shaft of the electric motor.

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