1272350 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係隸屬一種行星式齒輪減速機之技術領域，藉 由其行星齒輪上特殊之潤滑結構的設計，而能克服現有行 星齒輪因潤滑不順，所形成之磨耗與損壞的問題，除可降 低震動與噪音外，進一步兼具延長齒輪減速機使用壽命之 效能。 【先前技術】 按，一般馬達具有較高的轉速，如直接運用於被動元 件上，會有轉動過快的現象，可能損及被動元件的強度與 使用壽命，同時更會影響到操作的便利性，因此一般均會 於馬達輸出軸上設置減速機，以降低轉速，而減速機的種 類繁多，除了傳統透過大、小齒輪搭配的方式來達到減速 之目的外，目前最常見的即為行星式齒輪減速機，如我國 專利公告第463892號、公告582461號及美國專利第 5, 687, 480號等，其最大優點在於可克服傳統減速機體積 大、結構複雜、運轉噪音與震動的問題，故被廣泛的運用 於各種不同的場合； 而行星式齒輪減速機主要構成在於一具内齒紋的殼 體内設有一行星齒輪組，具輸出軸的行星齒輪組係由複數 個具螺旋齒的行星齒輪組成，各行星齒輪並與殼體之内齒 紋嚙合，且行星齒輪組内並設有一連接馬達的太陽齒輪 組，如此當馬達轉動時，可作動行星齒輪組的行星齒輪相 對殼體轉動，進而達到降低輸出軸轉速的目的； 其雖可達到減速之目的，但由於行星齒輪係以周緣的 螺旋齒與殼體咬合轉動，其因此受力產生軸向推力，促使 1272350 行星齒輪端面與兩侧壁面貼合，進而產生摩擦與推擠作 用，再加上為了能使行星齒輪精確的嚙合轉動，一般容置 行星齒輪的空間在定位與尺寸上均相當精確，造成潤滑油 無法順利進入行星齒輪的内部軸孔，造成其潤滑不足的現 象，不僅會造成其轉動時的震動與噪音，更甚者可能因磨 耗而產生行星齒輪嚙合的誤差，進而產生機件的破壞，直 接影響到齒輪減速機的使用壽命。 經由上述的說明可知，習式行星式齒輪減速機因行星 齒輪軸心無法順利潤滑的問題，造成其易因磨耗而產生 「震動」、「噪音」與「縮短使用壽命」的現象，換言之， 如能使行星齒輪的軸心於運轉中，同步獲得潤滑，則可有 效解決前述的問題，進一步可提升行星齒輪運轉的順暢 性。 有鑑於此，本發明人乃藉由多年從事相關產業的研發 與製造經驗，針對上述齒輪減速機所面臨的問題深入探 討，並積極尋求解決之方案，經長期努力之研究與試作， 終於成功的開發出一種可同步進行潤滑的齒輪減速機之 行星齒輪潤滑結構，使其具有降低噪音與震動之功效，同 時延長其使用壽命。 【發明内容】 因此，本發明之主要目的在於提供一種齒輪減速機之 行星齒輪潤滑結構，使行星齒輪之軸心可同步獲得潤滑。 為此，本發明主要係透過下列的技術手段，來具體實 現前述的目的與效能：該齒輪減速機主要係於一中空殼體 内設有一行星齒輪組，該行星齒輪組係於一具輸出軸的行 1272350 星臂架周緣設有複數個行星齒輪所組成，再者殼體内緣並 形成有與行星齒輪周緣螺旋齒嚙合的内齒紋，且行星齒輪 組之行星臂架内部並設有一連接馬達的太陽齒輪組，其中 太陽齒輪組具有一可同步作用各行星齒輪之太陽齒輪； 行星齒輪組之行星齒輪中央形成有一軸孔，且轴孔内 穿設有一兩端固設於行星臂架的軸桿，各行星齒輪之兩側 端面至少形成有一道油溝，油溝之長度至少有一端可穿出 連接殼體内容油空間，且油溝可穿經行星齒輪的軸孔範 圍； 藉此，讓行星齒輪於旋轉時，可同步將潤滑油注入其 中心之軸孔内，而達到潤滑之目的，可有效的避免行星齒 輪磨耗，進而延長齒輪減速機的使用壽命，且兼具有降低 震動與噪音之功效，而能提升其經濟效益。 為使貴審查委員能進一步了解本發明的構成、特徵 及其他目的，以下乃舉本發明之若干較佳實施例，並配合 圖式詳細說明如后，同時讓熟悉該項技術領域者能夠具體 實施，惟以下所述者，僅在於說明本發明之較佳實施例， 並非用以限制本發明之範圍，故凡有以本發明之精神為基 礎，而為本發明任何形式之修飾或變更，皆仍應屬於本發 明意圖保護之範疇： 【實施方式】 本發明係一種行星式齒輪減速機之行星齒輪潤滑結 構，請參照第一、二及三圖所顯示者，該齒輪減速機主要 係於一中空殼體（10)内設有一行星齒輪組（2)，該行 星齒輪組（2)具有一行星臂架（20)及複數個行星齒輪 !272350 (25) ’而具輸出軸⑵）之行星臂架（2〇)係利用兩端 7 11) ( 12)樞設於殼體（10)内，且殼體（1〇) 亚於軸承（11) (12)外側分設有一油封（13) (14)， 體（10)内緣並形成有與行星齒輪（25)周緣螺旋 回嚙5的内齒紋〇5)，且行星齒輪組（2)之行星臂架 (2曰〇)内部並設有一連接馬達的太陽齒輪組（3)，其中 =齒輪組（3)具有-可同步作用各行星齒輪（⑴、之 ^陽齒輪（30)，藉此當馬達作動太陽齒輪組（3)後可 透過太陽齒輪（30)轉動行星齒輪（25)，進行達到 行星臂架（20)上輸出轴（21)轉速的目的，以上所述的 結構及動作原理與現有者相同，且非本發明之特徵所在， 容不再贅述； 一而關於本發明特徵結構之詳細構成，則請同時參閱第 :、二及四圖揭示者，行星齒輪組（2)之行星齒輪⑵） :央形成有-軸孔（250)，且軸孔（挪）内穿設有一兩 k 口·》又於行生臂架（2〇)的軸桿（22)，再者軸桿（22) 外緣環設有複數支滾柱（23)，以提升行星齒輪（25)相 對軸桿（22)轉動的順暢性與穩定性，再者行星 兩側面與行星臂架（2G)之相對侧面間分別夾設有一概片 (26)，以避免行星齒輪（25)兩側端面（2了）直接磨擦 、皆應之行生臂架（2〇)端面，並形成殼體（1〇)内部供容 置潤滑油之容油空間； 且各行星齒輪（25)之兩側端面（27)係呈向外收束 之斜錐狀【如第六圖所示】，以加大行星齒輪（25)兩側 端面（27)與行星臂架（2〇)對應端面間的容油空間，並 使其可在旋轉的過程中產生向内推擠的力量，又各行星齒 1272350 之兩側端面(27)至少形成有一道油溝(28)【如 31 f溝（28)之長度至少有—端可穿出襯片 (26)外緣，以連接殼體（1〇)内部容油空間，且油 可穿經打星齒輪（25)的軸孔（ 250 )範圍，又油溝（28 可以切削刀具或研磨加工形成或沖壓形成或放電加工形 成或模鎊形成，再者油溝（28)可為弧狀、直線狀^ 狀或，齒狀等，且行星齒輪（25)亦可利用兩側端面（2^) 加工時形成具凹凸紋路之表面’其亦可使潤滑油得以注入 軸孔（ 250 )達成潤滑目的； 八 —，此，令潤滑油可在行星齒輪（25)轉動時，同步經 由打星齒輪（25)兩側端面（27)的油溝（28)擠 = ⑽）内，達到潤滑滾柱（23)與軸桿（22)=目^由孔 進而組構成一可降低震動、噪音與延長使用 速機之行星齒輪潤滑結構者。 W輪減 透過上述的結構設計，本發明於實際運用時，係如第 了、四:五及六圖賴示者，t減速絲機的太陽齒輪組 喜於【圖中未示】驅動而轉動時，其可透過太陽 =輪（30)作動行星臂架（2〇)上的行星齒輪（25)，並 藉由行星齒輪（25)相對殼體（1〇)内緣内齒紋（15 =的關，’使行星臂架（20)的輸出端（21)獲得減速輸 出，同日τ潤滑油可經由行星齒輪（25)兩側端面（⑺的 油溝（28)注入軸孔（250 )内部，進而達到均句潤滑的 效果’使轴桿（22)與滾柱（23)的運轉可更為順暢，有 效運轉時之震動與噪音，進—步並可避免不必要的磨耗， =止行星齒輪（25)產生嗜合的誤差，而能有效延長齒輪 減速機的使用壽命。 1272350 歸納上述的說明，本發明齒輪減速機具有上述眾多的 優點及實用價值，因此本發明確實為一新穎進步的發明， 在相同的技術領域中未見相同或近似的產開 本發明已符合㈣專制要件，乃餘 【圖式簡單說明】 τ" 第一圖：係本發明齒輪減速機之立體剖面示意圖，其揭示 齒輪減速機之構成及其相對關係。 第二圖：係本發明齒輪減速機之行星組立體示意圖，用以 說明其組成及相關位置。 第三圖：係本發明行星組之平面示意圖，其中（Α)為前 視（Β)為前視Α_Α線之斷面示意。 ’用以說明行星 斷面示意圖。 第四圖：係本發明行星齒輪之立體剖視圖 齒輪之構成及對應關係。 第五圖：係本發明行星齒輪之端面示意圖 第六圖：係本發明第五圖行星齒輪之“ 【主要元件符號說明】 (10)殼體 (13) ( 14)油封 (2 )行星齒輪組 (21)輸出軸 (2 3 )滾柱 (250 )軸孔 (27)端面 (11) ( 12)車由承 (15)内齒紋 (20)行星臂架 (22)軸桿 (25) 行星齒輪 (26) 襯片 (2 8)油溝 11 1272350 (3)太陽齒輪組 （30)太陽齒輪1272350 IX. Description of the invention: The technical field of the invention belongs to the technical field of a planetary gear reducer. By designing a special lubricating structure on the planetary gear, the existing planetary gear can be overcome due to unsatisfactory lubrication. The resulting wear and damage problems, in addition to reducing vibration and noise, further extend the life of the gear reducer. [Prior Art] According to the general motor, the motor has a high speed. If it is directly applied to a passive component, it will rotate too fast, which may damage the strength and service life of the passive component and affect the convenience of operation. Therefore, the speed reducer is generally set on the motor output shaft to reduce the speed, and the type of reducer is various. In addition to the traditional way of slowing down by means of large and small gears, the most common one is the planetary type. Gear reducers, such as China Patent Publication No. 463892, Announcement No. 582461 and U.S. Patent No. 5, 687, 480, etc., have the greatest advantage in that they can overcome the problems of large size, complicated structure, running noise and vibration of the conventional reducer. It is widely used in a variety of different occasions; the planetary gear reducer is mainly composed of a planetary gear set in an inner toothed housing, and the planetary gear set with the output shaft is composed of a plurality of helically toothed planets. The gear is composed of the planetary gears and meshes with the internal teeth of the casing, and a planetary gear connected to the motor is arranged in the planetary gear set When the motor rotates, the planetary gear of the planetary gear set can be rotated relative to the housing, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the output shaft speed; although the purpose of the deceleration can be achieved, the planetary gear is surrounded by the helical teeth and the housing. The occlusal rotation, which is thus subjected to the force to generate the axial thrust, causes the end face of the 1272350 planetary gear to fit the two side wall faces, thereby generating friction and pushing action, and in order to enable the precise meshing rotation of the planetary gear, the planetary gear is generally accommodated. The space is quite accurate in positioning and size, which causes the lubricating oil to not smoothly enter the inner shaft hole of the planetary gear, resulting in insufficient lubrication, which not only causes vibration and noise during rotation, but may also result from wear. The error of the mesh gear meshing, which in turn causes the damage of the machine, directly affects the service life of the gear reducer. According to the above description, the planetary gear reducer of the conventional model cannot be smoothly lubricated due to the planetary shaft axis, which causes the phenomenon of "vibration", "noise" and "shortening the service life" due to wear, in other words, By making the axis of the planetary gears in operation and obtaining lubrication at the same time, the above problems can be effectively solved, and the smoothness of the planetary gears can be further improved. In view of this, the inventors have intensively explored the problems faced by the above-mentioned gear reducers by years of experience in R&D and manufacturing of related industries, and actively sought solutions to them. After long-term efforts and trials, they finally succeeded. Developed a planetary gear lubrication structure for gear reducers that can be simultaneously lubricated, which reduces noise and vibration while extending its service life. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a planetary gear lubrication structure for a gear reducer that allows the shaft of the planetary gear to be simultaneously lubricated. To this end, the present invention mainly achieves the foregoing objects and effects through the following technical means: the gear reducer is mainly provided with a planetary gear set in a hollow casing, and the planetary gear set is coupled to an output. The row of the shaft 1272350 is formed by a plurality of planetary gears on the periphery of the star arm frame, and the inner edge of the casing is formed with internal teeth that mesh with the helical teeth of the periphery of the planetary gear, and the planetary gear carrier of the planetary gear set is internally provided with a a sun gear set connected to the motor, wherein the sun gear set has a sun gear that can synchronously act on each of the planet gears; a planetary shaft gear has a shaft hole formed in the center thereof, and a shaft hole is bored in the shaft hole to be fixed on the planet arm frame The shaft has at least one oil groove formed on both end faces of each of the planetary gears, and at least one end of the length of the oil groove can pass through the oil space of the connection housing, and the oil groove can pass through the shaft hole of the planetary gear; When the planetary gears are rotated, the lubricating oil can be injected into the shaft hole of the center at the same time to achieve the purpose of lubrication, which can effectively avoid the planetary gear wear and thus extend The long gear reducer has the same service life and reduces the vibration and noise, which can improve its economic efficiency. The following is a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and the It is to be understood that the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is also intended to protect the planetary gear of a planetary gear reducer. Please refer to the first, second and third figures. The gear reducer is mainly used in one. A planetary gear set (2) is disposed in the hollow casing (10). The planetary gear set (2) has a planetary boom (20) and a plurality of planetary gears! 272350 (25) 'with an output shaft (2)) The planet boom (2〇) is pivoted in the casing (10) by means of the two ends 7 11) (12), and the casing (1〇) is subdivided with an oil seal (13) on the outer side of the bearing (11) (12). (14), the inner edge of the body (10) is formed with The inner gear of the star gear (25) spirals back to the internal tooth ridge 5), and the planetary gear set (2) of the planetary gear set (2) is internally provided with a sun gear set (3) connected to the motor, wherein = The gear set (3) has - can synchronously act on each of the planetary gears ((1), the male gear (30), whereby the planetary gear (25) can be rotated through the sun gear (30) when the motor operates the sun gear set (3), For the purpose of achieving the rotation speed of the output shaft (21) on the planetary boom (20), the above-mentioned structure and operation principle are the same as those of the prior art, and are not described in the present invention, and are not described again; For the detailed structure of the structure, please refer to the disclosure of the second, fourth and fourth figures. The planetary gear (2) of the planetary gear set (2): the central shaft has a shaft hole (250), and the shaft hole (moving) is inserted. There are one or two k ports ·" on the shaft (22) of the boom (2"), and the outer ring of the shaft (22) is provided with a plurality of rollers (23) to lift the planetary gears (25) Relative to the smoothness and stability of the rotation of the shaft (22), and the two sides of the planet are respectively sandwiched between the opposite sides of the planet arm (2G) A piece (26) is provided to prevent the end faces (2) of the planetary gears (25) from being directly rubbed, and the end faces of the booms (2〇) are formed, and the inside of the casing (1〇) is formed for accommodation. The oil bearing space of the lubricating oil; and the end faces (27) of the respective planetary gears (25) are in the shape of an outwardly converging oblique taper [as shown in the sixth figure] to enlarge both sides of the planetary gear (25) The oil-receiving space between the end surface (27) and the end surface of the planetary arm frame (2〇), and the force of the inward pushing during the rotation process, and at least the end faces (27) of the respective planetary teeth 1272350 Forming an oil groove (28) [if the length of the 31 f groove (28) is at least - the outer edge of the lining (26) can be pierced to connect the inner oil space of the casing (1 〇), and the oil can be worn. Through the range of the shaft hole (250) of the star gear (25), the oil groove (28 can be formed by cutting or grinding or stamping or electric discharge forming or forming a pound, and the oil groove (28) can be curved. , linear shape, or tooth shape, and the planetary gear (25) can also be used to form a surface with embossed lines when processed by both end faces (2^). The oil can be injected into the shaft hole (250) for lubrication purposes; VIII-, this allows the lubricating oil to synchronize the oil groove (28) through the end faces (27) of the star gear (25) when the planetary gear (25) rotates. In the extrusion = (10)), the lubrication roller (23) and the shaft (22) are formed to form a planetary gear lubrication structure which can reduce vibration, noise and prolong the use of the speed machine. The W-round reduction is transmitted through the above-mentioned structural design. In the actual application, the present invention is as shown in the first, fourth, fifth and sixth diagrams, and the sun gear set of the t-speed reduction machine is driven to rotate according to [not shown]. When it is through the sun = wheel (30) to actuate the planet gear (25) on the planet boom (2 〇), and through the inner gear of the inner edge of the housing (1 〇) by the planetary gear (25) (15 = Off, 'The output end (21) of the planetary boom (20) is decelerated. On the same day, the lubricating oil can be injected into the shaft hole (250) through the oil groove (28) on both sides of the planetary gear (25). In order to achieve the effect of uniform lubrication, the shaft (22) and the roller (23) can be operated more smoothly, and the vibration and noise during effective operation can be advanced and unnecessary wear can be avoided. The gear (25) produces an inaccurate error, and can effectively extend the service life of the gear reducer. 1272350 In summary, the gear reducer of the present invention has many advantages and practical values as described above, and thus the present invention is indeed a novel and progressive Invention, the same or similar in the same technical field The invention has been complied with (4) authoritarian requirements, and is the remainder of the drawing. τ" The first figure is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the gear reducer of the present invention, which discloses the composition of the gear reducer and its relative relationship. The schematic diagram of the planetary group of the gear reducer of the present invention is used to illustrate the composition and related positions. The third figure is a schematic plan view of the planetary group of the present invention, wherein (Α) is a front view (Β) is a front view Α Α line The cross section is shown. 'To illustrate the cross section of the planet. The fourth figure is the configuration and corresponding relationship of the three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the planetary gear of the present invention. The fifth figure is the sixth end view of the end face of the planetary gear of the present invention: Invention Fig. 5 Planetary gear "Explanation of main component symbols" (10) Housing (13) (14) Oil seal (2) Planetary gear set (21) Output shaft (2 3 ) Roller (250) Shaft hole (27 ) End face (11) ( 12) Car bearing (15) Internal tooth (20) Planet arm (22) Shaft (25) Planetary gear (26) Lining (2 8) Oil groove 11 1272350 (3) Sun Gear set (30) sun gear
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