TW296475B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- TW296475B TW296475B TW083109217A TW83109217A TW296475B TW 296475 B TW296475 B TW 296475B TW 083109217 A TW083109217 A TW 083109217A TW 83109217 A TW83109217 A TW 83109217A TW 296475 B TW296475 B TW 296475B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- mirror stack
- contact layer
- gold
- metal contact
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
- H01L23/5329—Insulating materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/36—Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
- H01L23/373—Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
- H01L23/3732—Diamonds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/17—Semiconductor lasers comprising special layers
- H01S2301/176—Specific passivation layers on surfaces other than the emission facet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/024—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S5/02476—Heat spreaders, i.e. improving heat flow between laser chip and heat dissipating elements
- H01S5/02484—Sapphire or diamond heat spreaders
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/028—Coatings ; Treatment of the laser facets, e.g. etching, passivation layers or reflecting layers
- H01S5/0282—Passivation layers or treatments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0421—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers
- H01S5/0422—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor characterised by the semiconducting contacting layers with n- and p-contacts on the same side of the active layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
- Y10S148/095—Laser devices
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Description
A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 以前專利由讅之參者 此專利申請已於1 9 9 3年1 1月1 5日在美國提出申講而其專 利申請號碼為0 8 / 1 5 1 , 6 3 4。 發明領诚 本發明係關於半導體裝置且更明確的說係關於半導體裝 置之熱量的移去。 發明背暑 通常,半導體裝置,例如垂直空腔表面發射雷射 (VCSEL),是藉由提供具有非常平滑表面之基質來建造。 然後藉由半導體製造技術在該表面生長第一鏡堆β。接著 在第一鏡堆叠之上表面生長有效區域且在該有效區域之上 表面生長第二鏡堆叠。通常,提供容易沈積之金靨,例如 金,鈦,鎢,鉛,等等,所形成之金鼷接觸。通常,提供 與第一(下)鏡堆叠表面接觸之金屬接觸Μ及與第二鏡堆叠 上表面接觸之第二金鼷接觸。 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 會出規於V C S E L s之一問題是如何限制雷射照射,或光學 模式在最低階模式並限制電流流量在大約V C S E L發生雷射 照射之數量。較高階之雷射照射及雷射照射區域外之外來 電流流量會在V CS E L產生熱量且導致功率之大量損耗。脊 峰,或頂部發射凸出型,VCSEL優於平面型VCSEL之建構 ,因為其具有較佳之電流限制和光學導引。 在頂部發射VCSEL之製造中,頂部電氣接觸與發光區域 之校準非常重要。任何上表面電氣接觸之不校準會降低 VCSEL之效率。另外,接觸金屬通常覆蓋凸出之側表面Μ -4- 83. 3. 10,000 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局負工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 做為反射器來降低光學損耗及提高效率。問題是金_接觸 在面積方面大夠大且通常太薄Μ致無法有效地傳導在 V C S E L内所產生之熱量離開V C S E L 。許多範例附加大且厚 重之金龎散熱座於V C S E L來吸收熱量。該等散熱座因為許 多原因而無法令人滿意:他們大且笨重,他們無法有效地 散佈熱量,且V C S E L很少建成散熱座可位於熱源之附近。 例如,散熱座通常位於基質之後表面Μ致只有通過基質之 熱量抵達散熱座,而基質通常是由不良熱傳導材料,例如 砷化鎵(GaAs)來構成。大部份之熱量仍留在VCSEL之内。 因此,本發明之一目標是提供具有熱傳導性之新旦改良 之 VCSEL 。 本發明之另一目標是提供具有熱傳導性之新且改良之 V C S E L ,且其大且重之散熱座。 本發明之另一目標是提供具有熱傳導性之新且改良之 VCSEL ,且其是Μ製造過程之額外步驟來構成。 本發明之另一目標是提供具有熱傳導性之新且改良之 V C S E L ,其中熱童傳導和散佈材料是位於鄰接V C S E L之熱 量產生部份。 發明摘要 在一種具有高熱傳導性之半導體装置中,例如垂直空腔 表面發射雷射,上述及其他問題至少部份獲得解決且ii述 及其他β標獲得實現*該半導體裝置包含於基質表面之第 一鏡堆叠,放置成平行且覆Μ接觸啣接第一鏡堆叠且與第 一鏡堆叠大致共同延伸之有效區域,Μ及放置成平行且覆 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 83. 3. 10,000 I- I I n I 裝—— ; ;訂 丨.線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 2S6475 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 蓋接觸啣接有效區域之第二鏡堆β,且第二鏡堆叠構成具 有側表面之脊峰或凸出。金靨接觸層位於脊峰或凸出之側 表面Μ及脊峰或凸出之一端的諸部份來界定發光區域。鑽 石之類材料層定位成大致覆蓋金鼷接觸層Μ構成熱量傳導 器來移去雷射之熱量。金屬接觸層及/或鑽石之類層定位 成接觸至少第一鏡堆叠且鄰接有效區域Μ有效地傳導和散 佈這些區域所產生之熱量。在一較佳實例中鑽石之類材料 層是藉由電解電鍍來沉積Κ致該層可利用製造過程之額夕卜 步驟來構成。 附圓籣蜇銳明 請參看諸附圖: 圖卜4是顯示融人本發明之製造VCSEL方法之許多順序 步驟的簡化及大量放大横剖面圖; 圖5是融入本發明之V C S E L之另一實例的部份横剖面圖 ,類似於圖4 ;及 圖6是融人本發明之VCSEL之另·實例的部份横剖面圖 〇 較—佳實—1說—1 雖然用以降低半導體裝置熱量之本方法和裝置可運用於 極多種裝置,本發明利用垂直空腔表面發射雷射做為主要 範例,因為這些装置所涉及之熱量問題。為要更瞭解製造 V C S E L之本方法,圖卜4顯示特定方法之許多順序步驟。 應瞭解的是說明和顯示之該特定方法只是做為解釋而可利 用幾乎任何著名之製造方法。特定參看圖1 ,其提供任何 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣隼(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐〉 — I丨 訂 纟線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 83. 3.10,000 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 ) 適當材料之基質1 0。通常,基質1 0是砷化鎵(G a A S )或類似 材料,且該材料,即刻將可瞭解,相容於隨後將生長於其 上之諸層。B r a g g鏡之第-鏡堆叠1 2,而此鏡堆叠在此特 定範例是η型傳導性,生長於基質〗0之h表面。有效區域 1 3,通常包,%多個量f牆及量子牆二側之包蓋區域,生長 於第·鏡堆叠1 2和B r a g g鏡之第二鏡堆疊,而該第二鏡堆 叠,在此特定實例其為P型傳導性,生長於有效區域1 3。 通常,第一鏡堆疊12,有效區域13和第二鏡堆叠14之構成 在本技術領域為眾所知而本發明將不會進一步加Μ詳细說 明。 通常,在第二鏡堆叠1 4之上表面提供薄之重摻雜(ρ型摻 雜劑)材料接觸層1 5,而該材料類似於構成第二鏡堆叠 1 4之諸材料之一。第一金屬接觸層2 0沉積於層1 5之上表面 且與該層構成歐姆接觸。在此特定實例中金屬接觸層2 0是 由_化鈦(Τ ί W >所組成,因為_化鈦易於沉積且是相容於 接觸層1 5之ρ型接觸金鼷。可蝕刻材料層2 5沉積於金屬接 觸層20且遮罩材料層30沉積於可,蝕刻材料層25。在此特定 實例中,層2 5是由聚亞胺所組成,而聚亞胺易於蝕刻至特 定及所要深度。層3 0是由氮氧化矽(S丨0 Ν )或金所組成,而 無論氮氧化矽或金皆對隨後用於此過程之蝕刻劑具有相當 之抵抗性,如即刻將可看出。 層2 0,2 5和3 0是稍後做為此過程之蝕刻遮罩且,如圖1 所示,是構成Μ界定V C S E L之脊峰或凸出(在圖2 Μ 1 6來 標示)。層20,25和30可Μ至少二不同方式之一或該二方 -7- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 83. 3. 10,000 I-I I! f 訂 線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央梯準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 式之姐合來構成蝕刻遮罩。在第一系列步驟中,層20, 2 5和3 0沉積Μ覆蓋接觸層1 5。利用傳統之光刻法和活性離 子蝕刻,層2 0,2 5和3 0圖樣化為具有垂直輪廊之顯示蝕刻 遮罩。在第二系列步驟中,利用,例如,傳统式光阻移去 技術來選擇性沉積層20 , 25和30。 一 〇蝕刻遮罩進入定位,接觸層1 5和第二鏡堆叠1 4蝕刻 成預定深度Μ界定通常圓形之脊峰或凸出1 6,如圖2所示 。在此蝕刻步驟中可使用任何著名之半導體蝕刻過程,包 含氯活性離子蝕刻,化學性協肋離?束蝕刻,等等·此独 刻之輪廊是垂直的且暴露脊峰或凸出1 6之側表面3 1 (第二 鏡堆叠1 4 )。在此蝕刻步驟接觸有效區域1 3之前停止此步 驟Μ使可靠度未受到犧牲是很重要的,參看例如美國專利 第 5,034,092 號,且其名稱為”Plasma Etching of Semiconductor Subtrates”而於 1991年 7 月 23日公·佈。在 圖2所示之實例中,蝕刻步驟停止於到達第二鏡堆叠1 4之 底部之前Μ確保其未接觸有效區域1 3。 一 Η構成脊峰或凸出1 6,移去可蝕刻層2 5之一部份以暴 露金屬接觸層2 0之第一部份,如圖3所示。可蝕刻層2 5之 一部份,在此特定範例中,是用氧電槳來加Μ底割。此底 割移去大約1 . 5至2微米之立即鄰接側壁3 1。相當厚之金匾 接觸層40沉積於整個結構,且尤其是金鼷接觸層20和側壁 3 1之暴露部份。可蝕刻層2 5之刺餘部份及遮罩材料層3 0界 定VCSEL之發光窗且限制金画接觸層40沉積於發光窗之外 。在此特定實例中,金鼷接觸層40形成濺潑沉積於第一 _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 83.3. 10,000 --------- I裝----^---訂-------線 (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(6 ) 化钛層及至少側壁3 1之第二鋁/鎢化鈦層*而該第一鎢化 钛層形成金鼷接觸層2 0。另一可利用之第二層是,例如, 濺潑或有角式E束金層。金臑接觸層4 0之一部份也可横向 延伸離開脊峰或凸出1 6之側壁3 1來提供用Μ接受外部接觸 之區域(未加以顯示>。 熟悉本技術領域者應可瞭解的是濺潑沉積金屬進入層 2 0和3 0間之底割區域通常跟隨直線路徑Μ致大部份之底割 區域為層30所遮蓋而將無沉積發生於該等區域。但是,一 些進人底割區域之有限沉積將會發生且沉積之數量(進入 底割區域之距離)是由層2 5之厚度層2 0和3 0間之距離來加 Μ決定。因此,當執行金_接觸層40之濺波沉積時,層 2 5之厚度準確地決定發光窗之界限或為層40所覆蓋之層 2 0之數量。如果使用其他金鼷沉積方法,例如有角式Ε束 ,層2 5可充當層2 0之遮罩並藉由直接限制(遮罩)沉積於底 割區域之金驅數量來界定發光窗。 一旦金靨接觸層4 0進人定位,則移去層2 5和3 0 ·以及沉 積於他們t之金鼷接觸層4 0之任何部份,如圖4所示。可 蝕刻層2 5之深底割使得傳統式移去步驟之使用在此移去中 成為可能。一旦移去蝕刻遮罩,則移去相當薄之金屬接觸 層2 0之暴露部份來暴露或開啟V C S E L之發光窗4 5。金鼷接 觸層2 0之暴露部份可藉由蝕刻,冽如藉由活性離子蝕刻, 來移去,形成η金靨接觸4 6和p金驅接觸(未加Μ顯示) 。在示於圖4之特定實例中,η金靨接觸4 6沉積於基質 1 0之後,或底表面,但是應可瞭解有許多組態可用來放置 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 83. 3.10,000 ----------裝------,.訂------線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7五、發明説明(7) 該二電氣接觸於V C S E L之相同側。 鑽石或鑕石之類材枓(通常是鐽結成為著名鑽石鍵之諸 碳原子 > 層5 0沉積於金屬接觸層4 0之表面Μ及鏡堆叠1 4之 暴露t端(發光窗4 5 )。在此較佳賁例中層5 0是藉由電解 來電鍍鑽石或鑽石之類材料而沉積於金屬及/或砷化鎵表 面。通常_由電解來電鍍鑽石在本技術領域為眾所知,例 如說明於Y 〇 s h i k a t s u N a m b a所著之諸論文,名稱為” Attempt to grow diamond phase carbon films from an organic solution”,發表於 J. Vac. Scί. Technol. A 10(5), Sep/Oct 1 992, pp. 3 3 6 8 - 3 3 7 0 M R D i a π» ο n d Depositions: Science and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp 1-2,由 Superconductivity Publications, [ n c·., Somerset, N. J.所發行。雖然鑽石之類材料層50可藉由 許多不同方法來沉積,包含電漿化學蒸氣沉積,熱絲極化 學蒸氣沉積,雷射燒蝕技術,等等,電解電鍍為較佳之方 法,因為其之簡單性及與其他製造步驟之相容性且因為低 電鍍溫度,而其不會與先前半導體過程產生交互作用。 當然應瞭解沉積廇5 0於發光窗4 5之表面是隨意的且在某 --程度上決定於受到沉積之鑽石之類材料的光傳_品質 通常電解電鍍之鑽石對波接在大約5 0 0毫微米至1 6 0 0毫微 米範圍之光是透通的且V C S E L之較佳傳輸波長是大約 8 5 0毫微米。應進--步瞭解的是層5 0具有高熱傳導性但為 電之良好絕緣體W致層5 0可沉積於全部V C S E L Μ及任何鄰 接VCSEL或電路來構成具有相當大散熱區域之大熱量傳導 -1 0 - -------· II------II------ ^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 83. 3.10,000 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(8 ) 器。同時•層50直接接觸金屬接觸層40及鏡谁叠1 4之任何 部份或金屬接觸層40未覆蓋之有效區域13,以致層50定位 成接觸或立即鄰接V C S E L之熱量產生部份。 請參看圖5 ,其展示另- V C S E L實例,類似於圖4所示 。在圖5之V C S E L中,類似於連間圖4加Μ解釋之元件是 Μ具有撇號之類似號碼來標示Μ顯示不同之實例。因為電 解電鍍鑽石之諸層可相當薄,在-些應用中電鍍多個交替 之金靨層與鑽石層,通常標示為55’ ,於金靨接觸層40’ 可為有利的。此多重層提供足夠厚度來快速且有效傳導 V C S F: L之熱量並將其散佈以散熱。應瞭解的是,如果要的 話,可沉積鑽石層做為沉積於其上之金鼷接觸層4 0 ’的第 一絕緣層。 請參看圖6 ,其展示具有高熱傳導性之垂直空腔表面發 射雷射的另一實例。在此實例中提供任何適當材料之基質 6 0。通常,基質6 0是相容於隨後生長於其1:之諸層的砷化 鎵(G a AS )之類材料。B r a g g鏡之第一鏡谁叠6 2生長於基質 60之上表面。有效區域63,通常包含多個量子牆和該等量 子牆二側之包蓋區域,生長於第一鏡堆疊6 2且B r a g g鏡之 第二鏡堆叠6 4生長於有效區域6 3 通常,第一鏡堆叠6 2, 有效區域6 3和第二鏡堆叠6 4外延生長於基質6 0。第二鏡堆 β 6 4蝕刻至預定深度以界定通常為圓形之脊峰或凸出6 6。 金屬接觸層7 0沉積於脊峰或凸出6 6之端表面和側表面且 圖樣化Μ界定發光窗6 8。鑽石或鐵石之類材料層7 5沉積於 整個結構至厚到足Μ平面化該結構。接觸7 1和7 2是由鑽石 -1 1 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐〉 83. 3. 10,000 . 裝 訂 線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(9) 層7 5所姐成,藉由任何適當方法,Μ致用正常電氣連結來 分別接觸層7 0和第一鏡堆叠6 2。此結構具有許多儍點,包 含很厚之鑽石之類材料層,而該層可傳導並散佈V C S E L和 平面化電氣接觸所產生之熱量,且其大為化簡V C S E L之夕卜 部電氣連結。 因此,本案提出具有改良熱傳導性之新且改良的半導體 裝置,且該裝置易於製造和使用。鑽石層可藉由只需相當 低溫度之電解來加Μ沉積且因此不會對先前半導體和其他 製造過程產生干擾與交互作用。通常,鑽石藉由可利用製 造過程之額外步驟而構成之分散式鑽石層來提供改良之熱 傳導性。此外,該新且改良之半導體裝置無需大且笨重之 散熱座,因為鑽石之類層有效且高效率地傳導及散佈熱量 。同時,在此新且改良之V C S E L中鑽石熱量傳導和散佈材 料是定位成直接接觸或立即鄰接V C S E L之熱量產生部份· 而此大為改善有效性和效率。應可瞭解雖然為解釋起見使 用特定之V C S E L ,許多其他型式之半導體裝置和V C S E L.可 因此方法而獲益。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS > Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) S3. 3.10,000
Claims (1)
- 第8.Ή09217號專利由請冥 中文由請專利範閩倏正太(85年10月) 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一棰具有高熱傳導性之垂直空腔表面發射雷射包含: 一具有位於第一平面上之表面的支撐基質; 一位於基質表面上之第一鏡堆叠; 一包含至少一有效層之有效區域,而該有效區域定位 成平行於且覆蓋接觸啣接第一鏡堆叠並大致與其共同延 伸; 一定位成平行於且覆蓋接觸啣接有效區域之第二鏡堆 叠,第二鏡堆叠構成具有側表面之脊峰或凸出; 一定位於脊峰或凸出之側表面上Μ及脊峰或凸出之一 端之諸部份Κ界定一發光區域的金屬接觸層;及 一大致覆蓋金屬接觸層及該發光區域且構成移去雷射 之熱最之熱最傳導器的鑽石之類材料層。 2. 根據申請專利範園第1項之具有高熱傳導性之垂直空腔 表面發射雷射,其中鑽石之類材料層受到平面化且厚到 足Μ覆蓋脊蜂或凸出之端表面和側表面。 3. —揮製造具有高熱傳専性之垂直空腔表面發射雷射的方 法,包含下列步驟: ' 提供一基質; 在基質上構成一第一鏡堆《,在第一鏡堆叠上辑成有 效區域並在有效區域構成一第二鏡堆叠,而第二鏡堆叠 具有上表面; 沉積第一金屬接觸層於第二鏡堆叠之上表面上Κ與第 二鏡堆叠構成歐姆接觸; 沉積可蝕刻材料層於第一金屬接觸層上Κ及沉積遮罩 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規格(21〇χ\97公釐) -- m - n . HI n In _ _ i— . 1— It _ T I— I _ n .. -----良 -'0¾. Ί \ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 ABCD 六、申請專利範圍 材科層於可蝕刻材料層上; 選擇性移去遮罝材料層,可蝕刻材料層和第一金屬接 觸層之諸部份K構成界定脊峰VCSEL之蝕刻遮罩; 利用該蝕刻遮罩独刻第二鏡堆叠* K構成具有側表面 之脊峰或凸出; 移去可蝕刻材料層之諸部份以暴露第一金屬接觸層之 第一部份; 沉積第二金靨接觸層於脊峰或凸出之側表面上以及第 一金矚接觸層之暴露的第一部份上,以界定一發光區域 » 移去可蝕刻和遮罝材料之諸層Μ暴露發光區域之第一 金屬接觸層的第二部份; 移去第一金屬接觸層之暴露第二部份Κ暴露發光區域 :及 沉積具有高熱傳導性特性之鑽石之類材料層於第二金 «層及該發光區域上。 11 裝 . 訂 ^ (請t閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) ,Μ規格(210X297公釐)
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JPH0318082A (ja) * | 1989-06-15 | 1991-01-25 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 半導体レーザ素子の保護膜 |
US5038356A (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1991-08-06 | Trw Inc. | Vertical-cavity surface-emitting diode laser |
US5128006A (en) * | 1991-01-23 | 1992-07-07 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Deposition of diamond films on semicondutor substrates |
USH1249H (en) * | 1991-07-01 | 1993-11-02 | Machonkin Mary A | Coating processes with a polycrystalline diamond passivation layer |
EP0521405B1 (en) * | 1991-07-01 | 2001-04-18 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Heat radiating component and semiconductor device provided with the same |
US5325384A (en) * | 1992-01-09 | 1994-06-28 | Crystallume | Structure and method for mounting laser diode arrays |
US5212702A (en) * | 1992-03-25 | 1993-05-18 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Semiconductor surface emitting laser having reduced threshold voltage and enhanced optical output |
US5258316A (en) * | 1992-03-26 | 1993-11-02 | Motorola, Inc. | Patterened mirror vertical cavity surface emitting laser |
US5293392A (en) * | 1992-07-31 | 1994-03-08 | Motorola, Inc. | Top emitting VCSEL with etch stop layer |
US5317587A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-05-31 | Motorola, Inc. | VCSEL with separate control of current distribution and optical mode |
US5358880A (en) * | 1993-04-12 | 1994-10-25 | Motorola, Inc. | Method of manufacturing closed cavity LED |
-
1993
- 1993-11-15 US US08/151,634 patent/US5422901A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-05 TW TW083109217A patent/TW296475B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-07 DE DE69412968T patent/DE69412968T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-07 EP EP94117496A patent/EP0653823B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-14 JP JP6302664A patent/JPH07183615A/ja active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-05-18 US US08/443,609 patent/US5538919A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69412968D1 (de) | 1998-10-08 |
US5422901A (en) | 1995-06-06 |
JPH07183615A (ja) | 1995-07-21 |
EP0653823A3 (en) | 1995-08-30 |
US5538919A (en) | 1996-07-23 |
EP0653823B1 (en) | 1998-09-02 |
EP0653823A2 (en) | 1995-05-17 |
DE69412968T2 (de) | 1999-04-22 |
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