TW202123949A - 尿毒素減輕劑 - Google Patents
尿毒素減輕劑 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202123949A TW202123949A TW109136268A TW109136268A TW202123949A TW 202123949 A TW202123949 A TW 202123949A TW 109136268 A TW109136268 A TW 109136268A TW 109136268 A TW109136268 A TW 109136268A TW 202123949 A TW202123949 A TW 202123949A
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- Prior art keywords
- bifidobacterium
- bacteria
- lactobacillus
- genus
- reducing agent
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Abstract
本發明之目的係提供一種尿毒素減輕劑、總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑。
藉由含有乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌或類桿菌屬之菌之尿毒素減輕劑、總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑解決上述課題。
Description
本發明係關於一種尿毒素減輕劑、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑,該等劑係含有(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌、(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌或(c)1種以上之類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
專利文獻1記載使用含有胚芽乳桿菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、副乾酪乳桿菌(Lactobacillus paracasei)或嗜熱鏈球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)之組成物除去尿毒素。惟,至今仍未知此等以外之乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌及類桿菌屬之菌係具有尿毒素減輕作用、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇量減低作用及/或中性脂肪量減低作用。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2014-133731號
本發明之目的係提供一種尿毒素減輕劑,係含有特定菌,亦即乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌、雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌或類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌,再者,提供一種於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑。
本發明人等為了解決上述課題重覆進行深入研究,結果發現藉由含有:(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或(c)1種以上之類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌之劑而可減輕尿毒素,再者,亦可減低腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇量及/或中性脂肪量。本發明人等基於此等見解再進行研究,進而完成本發明。
亦即,本發明為了解決上述課題,包含下列各發明。
[1]一種尿毒素減輕劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌,
(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus
johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;
(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或
(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
[2]如前述[1]所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,乳酸桿菌屬之菌為加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093,寄存號碼:NITE BP-02913)。
[3]如前述[1]所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,雙岐桿菌屬之菌為雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1,寄存號碼:NITE BP-817)。
[4]如前述[1]所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,類桿菌屬之菌為多形類桿菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron)。
[5]如前述[1]至[4]中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,被減輕之尿毒素為選自由血中尿素氮(BUN)、1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、N-氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、苯基硫酸(PS)、硫酸吲哚酚(IS)及4-乙基苯基硫酸(4-乙基苯基硫酸(4-EPS))構成之群組中之1種以上。
[6]如前述[1]至[5]中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,更減低肌酸酐值。
[7]如前述[1]至[6]中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,係更增大血容比值及/或增大血紅素值。
[8]一種前述[1]至[7]中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑之製造方法,係培養前述[1]所述之任一種菌,並採取培養成績體。
[9]一種前述[1]所述之任一種菌之用途,係用以製造尿毒素減輕劑。
[10]一種於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌,
(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;
(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或
(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。[11]一種於腎功能低下之對象之中性脂肪減低劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌為特徵,
(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;
(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或
(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
本發明係提供一種尿毒素減輕劑或於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑,該等劑係含有:(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或(c)1種以上之類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。本發明之劑藉由使用於工業發酵、或經口投予至人類或哺乳動物等生體,可獲得效率佳,於工業有利或高活性狀態之尿毒素減輕劑、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑。
1,2:氣體流路
3,4:液體流路
5:流體流動面
6:衝突焦點
7:噴霧液滴
圖1為顯示噴霧乾燥裝置之概略圖。
圖2為顯示對小鼠給餌之流程圖。又,圖中之「RF」表示腎衰竭(Renal Failure),「dw」表示蒸餾水(distilled water)。於以下之圖亦相同。
圖3表示藉由本發明之菌抑制由腺嘌呤誘發腎衰竭所致之血中尿毒素(血中尿素氮(BUN))及增大血紅素(Hb)及血容比(Hct)。
圖4表示藉由加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093)抑制肌酸酐(Creatinine)、1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、N-氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、苯基硫酸(PS)及硫酸吲哚酚(IS)。
圖5表示藉由雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1)抑制肌酸酐、
1-甲基腺苷、N-氧化三甲胺、苯基硫酸及硫酸吲哚酚。
圖6表示藉由多形類桿菌6030(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 6030)抑制肌酸酐、1-甲基腺苷、N-氧化三甲胺、苯基硫酸及硫酸吲哚酚。
圖7表示對於腎衰竭模型,藉由加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093)死菌體抑制T-Cho(TC,總膽固醇)及TG(三酸甘油酯)。
[(a)乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌]
於本發明之劑使用之(a)乳酸桿菌屬之菌較佳為選自由:嗜酸乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)、加氏乳酸桿菌(L.gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(L.johnsonii)、副乾酪乳酸桿菌副乾酪亞種(L.paracasei subsp.paracasei)、洛德乳酸桿菌(L.reuteri)、鼠李糖乳酸桿菌(L.rhamnosus)、唾液乳酸桿菌(L.salivarius)、短乳酸桿菌(L.brevis)、捲曲乳酸桿菌(L.crispatus)、德氏乳酸桿菌德氏亞種(L.delbrueckii subsp.delbrueckii)、德氏乳酸桿菌保加利亞亞種(L.delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus)、德氏乳酸桿菌乳酸亞種(L.delbrueckii subsp.lactis)、酵素乳酸桿菌(L.fermentum)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(L.casei)等構成之群組中之一種以上之菌。此等中較佳使用選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上,更佳為嗜酸乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)或加氏乳酸桿菌(L.gasseri),特佳為加氏乳酸桿菌(L.gasseri),最佳為加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(L.gasseri KD2093、寄存號碼:NITE BP-02913)。
此外,於本發明之劑,乳酸桿菌屬之菌含有之比例,例如劑為液
體時例如約104至1010cfu/mL,較佳為約106至109cfu/mL等,劑為固體時例如相對於劑全體,乳酸桿菌屬之菌為105至1010cfu/g質量%,較佳為相對於劑全體,為106至109cfu/g質量%等,惟不限定於此等。
[(b)雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌]
於本發明之劑使用之(b)雙岐桿菌屬之菌為選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)、嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)、動物雙歧桿菌動物亞種(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.animalis)、動物雙岐桿菌乳雙岐亞種(Bifidobacterium animalis subsp.lactis)等構成之群組中之1種以上。更佳為長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)或雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum),再佳為雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum),最佳為雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1)。
於本發明之劑,可與上述(b)記載以外之雙岐桿菌屬之菌,例如青春雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium adolescentis)、假長雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)及嗜熱雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium thermophilum)等併用,較佳為與假長雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium pseudolongum)或嗜熱雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium thermophilum)等,惟不限定於此等。
此外,於本發明之劑,雙岐桿菌屬之菌含有之比例例如劑為液體時,例如約104至1010cfu/mL,較佳為約106至109cfu/mL等,劑為固體時,例如相對於劑全體,含有長雙歧桿菌105至1010cfu/g質量%,較佳為相對於劑全體,含有106至109cfu/g質量%等,惟不限定於此等。
[(c)類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌]
於本發明之劑使用之(c)類桿菌屬之菌較佳為選自由多形類桿菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron)、脆弱類桿菌(Bacteroides fragilis)、狄氏類桿菌(Bacteroides distasonis)、卵形類桿菌(Bacteroides ovatus)、單形類桿菌(Bacteroides uniformis)、普通類桿菌(Bacteroides vulgatus)、嗜油類桿菌(Bacteroides oleiciplenus)、克拉鲁斯類桿菌(Bacteroides clarus)、弗魯斯類桿菌(Bacteroides fluxus)、德雷類桿菌(Bacteroides dorei)、糞便類桿菌(Bacteroides faecis)、腸道類桿菌(Bacteroides intestinalis)、芽胞類桿菌(Bacteroides massiliensis)、屎類桿菌(Bacteroides merdae)等構成之群組中之1種以上之菌。更佳為多形類桿菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron)、單形類桿菌(Bacteroides uniformis)或普通類桿菌(Bacteroides vulgatus),更佳為多形類桿菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron),最佳為多形類桿菌6030(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 6030)。
此外,於本發明之劑,類桿菌屬之菌含有之比例例如劑為液體時,例如約104至1010cfu/mL,較佳為約106至109cfu/mL,劑為固體時,例如相對於劑全體,含有類桿菌之菌105至1010cfu/g質量%,較佳為相對於劑全體,含有106至109cfu/g質量%等,惟不限定於此等。
此外,(a)、(b)及(c)之菌可單獨使用,亦可複數混合使用。於本發明,較佳為於尿毒素減輕劑、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑中含有1至5種(a)、(b)及(c)之菌。更佳為含有1至3種。再佳為含有1種或2種。
本發明之劑除了上述之(a)、(b)及(c)之菌以外,較佳可使用例如:腸系膜明串珠菌(Leuconostoc mesenteroides)等明串珠菌屬(Leuconostocaceae);鏈球菌糞腸球菌(Streptococcus(Enterococcus)faecalis)、鏈球菌尿腸球菌
(Streptococcus(Enterococcus)faecium)、鏈球菌空腸腸球菌(Streptococcus (Enterococcus)hirae)、嗜熱鏈球菌(Streptococcus thermophilus)等鏈球菌(Streptococcus)屬(現在分類學上分類為腸球菌(Enterococcus)屬);乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)、乳脂乳球菌(L.cremoris)等乳球菌(Lactococcus)屬;嗜鹽四聯球菌(Tetragenococcus halophilus)等四聯球菌(Tetragenococcus)屬;乳酸乳球菌(Lactococcus lactis)、乳脂乳球菌(L.cremoris)、嗜鹽四聯球菌(Tetragenococcus halophilus)、乳酸片球菌(Pediococcus acidilactici)、戊醣片球菌(P.pentosaceus)等片球菌(Pediococcus)屬;酒類酒球菌(Oenococcus oeni)等酒球菌(Oenococcus)屬等乳酸球菌等,惟不限定於此等。
又,於本說明書中雖依照現在之分類學進行菌之分類,惟依照過去之分類,鏈球菌(Streptococcus)屬亦包含鏈球菌(Streptococcus)屬及腸球菌(Enterococcus)屬。
再者,本發明之劑除了上述之(a)、(b)及(c)之菌以外亦可含有例如枯草菌、糖化菌、丁酸菌等公知之有用菌。例如可為:枯草桿菌(Bacillus subtilis、枯草菌)、腸系膜芽孢桿菌(Bacillus mesentericus)、聚酵素芽孢桿菌(Bacillus polyfermenticus)等糖化菌;凝結芽孢桿菌(Bacillus coagulans)等有胞子性乳酸菌;東洋芽孢桿菌(Bacillus toyoi)、地衣芽孢桿(Bacillus licheniformis)、丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyricum)等丁酸菌;亦可為其他有用菌。此外,此等有用菌通常為非病原性。
本發明係有關尿毒素減輕劑、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑。於本發明,尿毒素減輕劑於例如預防或治療腎疾病有
用。於本發明,腎疾病之「預防」為例如阻止腎疾病發症,腎疾病之「治療」為緩解或治癒例如由腎疾病引起之症狀。
又,於本發明,於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑係於例如預防或治療脂肪相關之疾病有用。於本發明,脂肪相關之疾病之「預防」為例如阻止脂肪相關疾病之發症,脂肪相關疾病之「治療」為緩解或治癒例如由脂肪相關疾病引起之症狀。
本發明之劑適用之疾病係關於腎疾病,可列舉例如:慢性腎臟病、腎衰竭、慢性腎盂腎炎、急性腎盂腎炎、慢性腎絲球腎炎、急性進行型腎炎症候群、腎病症候群、腎硬化症、間質性腎炎、糖尿病性腎症、局部腎絲球硬化症、膜性腎症、多發性囊胞性腎症候群、腎血管性高血壓及高血壓症候群及伴隨前述原疾病之續發性腎疾病等,惟不限定於此等。又,廣義之腎疾病亦可列舉:附隨慢性腎臟病之高磷血症、高鉀血症、高尿酸血症、低鈉性腎障害及高鈉血症等。
本發明之劑適用之疾病係關於脂肪相關疾病,可列舉例如:新陳代謝症候群、非酒精性脂肪性肝疾病(NAFLD)(包含非酒精性脂肪肝炎(NASH))、高血脂症、高尿酸血症、糖尿病、高血壓、腦梗塞、痛風、睡眠呼吸中止症候群、肥胖換氣不足症候群、月經異常、妊娠合併症等,惟不限定於此等。新陳代謝症候群表示複數疾病或異常重疊之狀態,此等複數疾病或異常之例可列舉例如:肥胖症(例如脂質代謝異常、脂肪肝等)、糖代謝異常、胰島素抵抗性異常、狹心症及心肌梗塞等心臟疾病或動脈硬化性疾病(例如腦梗塞、閉塞性動脈硬化症等)等,惟不限定於此等。又,附隨脂肪相關疾病而發症等之疾病可列舉例如肝硬化、肝癌等。
於本發明,相對於包含人類之動物,菌之投予量較佳為約1×103至
1×1011個/大人/次,更佳為約1×106至1×1011個/大人/次,再佳為約1×108至1×1011個/大人/次。
於本發明,相對於包含人類之動物,菌處理物之投予量較佳為菌約1×103至1×1014個處理物/大人/次,更佳為菌約1×106至1×1014個處理物/大人/次,再佳為菌約1×108至1×1014個處理物/大人/次。
本發明之劑之使用間隔取決於例如大鼠等投予對象、經口投予等投予路徑、液劑等形態等,例如本發明之劑可1日使用1至5次,可1週使用1至5次,亦可1個月使用1至5次等。
本發明之劑之使用期間取決於例如大鼠等投予對象、經口投予等投予路徑、液劑等形態等,例如可為1日至6日,可為1週至4週,亦可為1個月至12個月。又,例如可將組成物繼續地連續使用等。
於本發明,劑的投予對象可對例如動物(例如人類、大鼠、小鼠、兔子、羊、豬、牛、貓、狗、猴子等)投予。
於本發明,腎疾病預防或治療劑之投予對象較佳為除了狗及貓以外之動物(例如人類、大鼠、小鼠、兔子、羊、豬、牛、猴子等)。
[菌體的取得方法]
上述乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌、類桿菌之菌、其他有用菌等菌體可容易地從例如ATCC(註冊商標)或IFO等機關或財團法人日本雙歧桿菌中心、獨立行政法人製品評估技術基盤機構專利微生物寄託中心等取得。又,亦可適當地使用市售品。
例如,雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1)於2009年9月30日(原寄託日:2009年9月17日)以寄存號碼NITE BP-817國際受託於獨立行政法人製品
評估技術基盤機構專利微生物寄託中心(NPMD)(地址:郵遞區號292-0818日本國千葉縣木更津市Kazusa鎌足2-5-8 122號室)。
又,例如加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093)於2020年9月10日(國內寄託日:2019年3月12日)以寄存號碼NITE BP-02913國際受託於獨立行政法人製品評估技術基盤機構專利微生物寄託中心(NPMD)(地址:郵遞區號292-0818日本國千葉縣木更津市Kazusa鎌足2-5-8 122號室)。
又,該等培養前之菌體可為經凍結狀態保存者。
[菌的培養]
通常將乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌、類桿菌之菌、其他有用菌接種於培養基進行培養。為了培養此等菌使用之培養基之基本組成可參考例如屬於營養性高之廣用增殖培養基、MRS培養基、LBS培養基、Rogosa培養基等公知之乳酸菌培養用培養基。
又,亦可使用厭氧菌用之培養基。例如較佳可使用GAM肉湯(GAM bouillon)或改良GAM肉湯等GAM液體培養基等,惟不限定於此等。
本發明之培養基可含有碳源、氮源、胺基酸、維生素、礦物質、動植物蛋白質或其萃取物及分解物、無機鹽類、緩衝劑、界面活性劑、抗生物質、穩定化劑、水或此等之任意組合等,惟不限定於此等。培養基中之各成分可購入市售品並適當使用。
氮源可列舉例如:動物性或植物性蛋白腖或硝酸銨、硫酸銨、氯化銨、酢酸銨等銨鹽及此等之水合物、氨等。蛋白腖較佳可使用例如:大豆蛋白腖或蛋白腖(proteose peptone)、酪蛋白蛋白腖、心肌蛋白腖、獸肉蛋白腖等,惟不限定於此等。相對於培養基全體,培養基中氮源之含有比例例如可為0.1至1
質量%,亦可為0.1至0.5質量%,惟不限定於此等。
碳源可列舉例如:單糖類、雙糖類、三糖類、四糖類、寡糖或多糖等。單糖類可例示:葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、甘露糖、半乳糖或此等之任意組合。雙糖類可例示:麥芽糖、纖維二糖、海藻糖、蔗糖、乳果糖、乳糖或此等之任意組合。相對於培養基全體,培養基中碳源之含有比例例如可為0.1至1質量%,亦可為0.1至0.5質量%,惟不限定於此等。
於本發明之培養基,較佳為含有胺基酸或維生素等成分作為生育因子。胺基酸可例示:丙胺酸、半胱胺酸、天門冬胺酸、麩胺酸、苯丙胺酸、甘胺酸、組胺酸、異白胺酸、賴胺酸、白胺酸、甲硫胺酸、天門冬醯胺、吡咯賴胺酸、脯胺酸、麩醯胺酸、精胺酸、絲胺酸、蘇胺酸、硒半胱胺酸、纈胺酸、色胺酸、酪胺酸或此等之任意組合或此等之鹽等,惟不限定於此等。此等胺基酸通常為L型。相對於培養基全體,培養基中胺基酸之含有比例例如可為0.01至0.1質量%,亦可為0.01至0.05質量%,惟不限定於此等。
維生素較佳使用維生素A、B、C、D、E、K等維生素類或此等之衍生物或此等之鹽類、生物素、核黃素、硫胺或此等之任意組合,惟不限定於此等。相對於培養基全體,培養基中維生素之含有比例例如可為0.01至0.1質量%,亦可為0.01至0.05質量%,惟不限定於此等。
礦物質較佳可使用鎂、鉀、鈣、磷、鋅、鐵等,惟不限定於此等。相對於培養基全體,培養基中礦物質之含有比例例如可為0.01至0.1質量%,亦可為0.01至0.05質量%,惟不限定於此等。
動植物蛋白質或其萃取物及其分解物可使用例如:植物萃取物、肉萃取物、肝臟萃取物或酵母萃取物。相對於培養基全體,培養基中此等萃取物
或其分解物之含有比例例如可為0.1至1質量%,亦可為0.1至0.5質量%,惟不限定於此等。
無機鹽類可列舉例如:磷酸鹽、氯化鈉、硝酸鈉、硝酸鉀、硫酸錳水合物、硫酸鎂水合物等,惟不限定於此等。相對於培養基全體,培養基中無機鹽類之含有比例例如可為0.01至0.1質量%,亦可為0.01至0.05質量%,惟不限定於此等。
緩衝劑可列舉例如:PBS、HBSS、HEPES、HANKS等,惟不限定於此等。界面活性劑較佳可使用例如:聚山梨酸酯20、聚山梨酸酯60、聚山梨酸酯65、聚山梨酸酯80等聚山梨酸酯類;聚乙二醇、月桂基硫酸鈉等,惟不限定於此等。抗生物質可列舉例如:盤尼西林、鏈黴素、卡納黴素等黴素系抗生物質等,惟不限定於此等。
其他培養基成分或添加劑亦可含有:碳酸鹽、碳酸氫鹽、白蛋白、胰島素、運鐵蛋白、硒、荷爾蒙、細胞激素、L-半胱胺酸鹽酸鹽、硫乙醇酸鈉、氯化血紅素、溶性澱粉、消化血清末、維生素類、短鏈脂肪酸類等,惟不限定於此等。
亦可將上述例示之各成分混合,使用高壓蒸氣滅菌器加熱滅菌,調製培養基。
培養基之液性較佳為中性(例如pH6至8、pH7至8),為了作成中性,可使用公知之pH調整劑或上述緩衝劑。
將乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌、類桿菌之菌、其他有用菌接種於培養基或動物體內時,相對於培養基,雙岐桿菌屬之菌之比例例如可為101至108cfu/mL,亦可為105至108cfu/mL,惟不限定於此等。此外,接種用(種培
養用)培養基及增殖用(主要培養用)培養基可相同亦可不同。
上述培養之溫度較佳為例如25至45℃,更佳為36至38℃。又,上述培養之時間較佳為例如4至72小時,更佳為12至24小時。只要在此等培養溫度或培養時間之範圍內,雙岐桿菌屬之菌可容易地增殖。
此外,為了於厭氧下培養雙岐桿菌屬之菌,可使用厭氧培養箱或厭氧培養室。厭氧培養箱或厭氧培養室可使用市售品。
於本發明使用之菌體之形態無特別限制,可使用生菌體、濕菌體、乾燥菌等任意形態。
又,可使用生菌體、濕菌體、乾燥菌等經過再處理之菌之處理物。菌之處理物為於乳酸菌中加入一些處理者,其處理無特別限定。該處理物具體而言可列舉:該菌體藉由超音波等所致之破碎液、該菌體之培養液或培養上清液、將此等藉由過濾或離心分離等固液分離手段分離之固體殘渣等。又,該處理物可列舉:將細胞壁藉由酵素或機械性手段去除之處理液、進行三氯乙酸處理或鹽析處理等獲得之蛋白質複合物(蛋白質、脂蛋白質、糖蛋白質等)或肽複合物(肽、糖肽等)等。再者,此等之濃縮物、此等之稀釋物或此等之乾燥物等亦包含於該處理物。由於於本技術領域已充分確立從培養液攝取菌體、從菌體經過何種操作獲得非處理物,因此本發明依循此等即可。又,對於該菌體藉由超音波等所致之破碎液、該細胞之培養液或培養上清液等經過例如藉由各種層析分離等再處理者亦包含於本發明中之處理物。
此外,死菌體亦包含於本發明中之菌之處理物。死菌體可藉由例如酵素處理、加熱處理、藉由抗生物質等藥物進行之處理、藉由福馬林(formalin)等化學物質進行之處理、藉由γ線等放射線進行之處理等獲得。於以往已充分確立此等技
術,因此本發明依循此等即可。
進一步,說明乾燥菌或濕菌體之較佳製造方法。將上述菌體分散於溶劑,作成菌體液。將菌體分散作成菌體液之溶劑可使用於該領域使用之公知之溶劑,較佳為水或PBS等緩衝液。又,根據期望亦可加入乙醇等。再者,菌體液亦可為懸浮液,溶劑可與上述所示者相同。又,懸浮時可使用懸浮劑,例如海藻酸鈉等。
再者,上述菌體液可依照公知技術將賦形劑、黏合劑、崩解劑、抗靜電劑等於該業界通常使用的添加劑以通常之調配比例添加。
賦形劑可列舉例如:乳糖、白糖、D-甘露醇、玉米澱粉、粉末纖維素、磷酸氫鈣、碳酸鈣等。黏合劑可列舉例如:羥丙基纖維素、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、黃原膠等。崩解劑可列舉例如:低取代度羥丙基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈣、部分α化澱粉、交聯羧甲基纖維素鈉、交聯聚維酮、羧甲基澱粉等。抗靜電劑可列舉例如:微粉或非微粉滑石粉、膠狀氧化矽、加工氧化矽、沈降氧化矽等。
再者,亦可進行滅菌,滅菌較佳為例如藉由過濾器進行過濾,亦可藉由其他公知之滅菌方法,例如濕熱滅菌法、乾熱滅菌法、高頻率滅菌法等加熱法;環氧乙烷氣體滅菌法、利用過氧化氫進行之滅菌法等氣體法;γ線照射滅菌法、電子束照射滅菌法等放射線法等進行滅菌。
將上述菌體液藉由用於製造菌體乾燥物之以噴霧乾燥裝置進行之乾燥操作,可獲得乾燥菌。噴霧乾燥裝置較佳為具備可形成單微米之噴霧液滴之微粒化裝置之噴霧乾燥裝置。若作成粒徑非常小的噴霧液滴,則每個噴霧液滴之單位質量之表面積變大,可高效率地進行與乾燥溫風之接觸,可提昇生產性。
此處,單微米之液滴係指噴霧液滴之粒徑較佳為將小數點第1位四捨五入為
1至10μm者。
於噴霧乾燥裝置,微粒化裝置可列舉例如:旋轉噴霧器(次轉圓盤)、加壓噴嘴或利用壓縮氣體之力之2流體噴嘴或4流體噴嘴之噴霧乾燥裝置。
噴霧乾燥裝置只要是可形成單微米之噴霧液滴者,可為上述形式中之任一種噴霧乾燥裝置,較佳使用具有4流體噴嘴之噴霧乾燥裝置。
具有4流體噴嘴之噴霧乾燥裝置中,例如,4流體噴嘴之構造較佳為將氣體流路及液體流路作為1系統,此為於2系統噴嘴邊緣對稱設置,於噴嘴邊緣成為流體流動面之斜面構成。
又,可為面向噴嘴邊緣頂端之衝突焦點,從兩側將壓縮氣體及液體集合成一點之外部混合方式之裝置。只要是此方式,噴嘴不會阻塞,可長時間噴霧。
使用圖1更詳細地說明具有4流路噴嘴之噴霧乾燥裝置。於4流路噴嘴之噴嘴邊緣,從液體流路3或4以噴出般噴出之菌體液藉由來自氣體流路1或2之高速氣體流,於流體流動面5薄薄地拉伸,經拉伸之液體藉由於噴嘴邊緣頂端之衝突焦點6發生之衝撃波微粒化,形成單微米之噴霧液滴7。
壓縮氣體可使用例如:空氣、碳酸氣體、氮氣或氬氣等惰性氣體等。尤其在將容易氧化者等進行噴霧乾燥時,以使用碳酸氣體、氮氣或氬氣等惰性氣體較佳。
壓縮氣體之壓力通常為約1至15kg重/cm2,較佳為約3至8kg重/cm2。於噴嘴之氣體量,噴嘴邊緣每1mm通常為約1至100L/分鐘,較佳為約10至20L/分鐘。
通常,之後於乾燥室使該噴霧液滴與乾燥溫風接觸,將水分蒸發,獲得菌體乾燥物。
乾燥室入口之溫度通常為約2至400℃,較佳為約5至250℃,更佳為約5至150
℃。入口溫度即使為約200至400℃之高溫,藉由水分蒸發之氣化熱,乾燥室內之溫度亦不會比此更高,又,藉由縮短乾燥室內之滯留時間,可抑制生菌之死亡或某一程度之損傷。
出口溫度通常為約0至120℃,較佳為約5至90℃,更佳為約5至70℃。
藉由如上述般將菌體乾燥物之粒徑變小,有可提供生菌率提昇,生菌率多之製劑之優點。亦即,為了獲得單微米之菌體乾燥物,以將單微米之噴霧液滴進行噴霧較佳。噴霧液滴之粒徑若變小,噴霧液滴之每單位質量之表面積變大,可高效率地進行與乾燥溫風之接觸,可極力抑制由乾燥溫風的熱引起之菌體之死亡或損傷。其結果可獲得生菌率提昇,生菌數多之菌體乾燥物。
濕菌體可從培養液藉由離心處理採取菌體,以磷酸緩衝液等洗淨,將藉由再次離心處理獲得之菌體凍結保存之方法等該領域公知之方法獲得。
本發明之劑通常藉由將乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌、類桿菌之菌及/或其他有用菌與其他成分混合,而可容易地製造。其他成分只要能發揮本發明之效果即可,無特別限定。本發明之劑可作成醫藥品、醫藥部外品、飲食品、食品添加劑、補充劑、飼料等形態使用。含有此等本發明之劑之醫藥品亦為本發明較佳實施態樣之一。
飲食品包含健康食品、功能性食品、特定保健用食品、病患用食品。此等飲食品之形態無特別限定,可列舉例如:清涼飲料、碳酸飲料、營養飲料、果實飲料、乳酸飲料、茶飲料等飲料;飴、糖果、軟糖、口香糖、巧克力、零食糖果、餅乾、果凍、果醬、奶油、烤糖果、麵包等糖果及麵包類;麵、烏龍麵、中華麺、速食麵等麵類;火腿、香腸、魚板等水產/畜產加工食品;加工乳、發酵乳等乳製品;沙拉油、天婦羅油、牛油、人造奶油、美乃滋、起酥油、沙拉醬、生奶油
等油脂及油脂加工食品;醬汁、番茄醬等調味料;咖哩、燉肉、丼、雜菜等蒸煮袋食品;冰淇淋、雪酪、刨冰等冰品等。又,本發明之飲食品包含以減輕尿毒素、於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低及/或中性脂肪減低之概念為宗旨表示之特定保健用食品、補充劑、營養補助食品、功能性食品等。此外,健康食品係指以保健、健康維持/增進等為目的之食品組成物,包含經認可之特定功能性食品或未認可之特定功能性食品等所謂的健康食品。
又,可提供含有本發明之劑之組成物。此等組成物中可使用於其領域通常使用之公知添加劑,可列舉例如:水、溶劑、pH調整劑、保濕劑、著香劑、甜味劑、增黏劑、矯味劑、凝膠化劑、溶解劑、著色劑、防腐劑、界面活性劑、懸浮化劑、乳化劑及穩定化劑等,惟不限定於此等。
又,乳酸桿菌屬之菌、雙岐桿菌屬之菌、類桿菌之菌、其他有用菌由於通常於厭氧性、乾燥狀態下,對於空氣或氧為弱,於高溫及濕氣為弱,因此,於組成物製劑化時較佳為儘可能於惰性氣體存在下或真空、低溫下進行處理。
本發明之劑可對人類或非人類動物投予。本發明之投予形態無特別限定,可列舉經口投予、非經口投予(靜脈內投予、經皮投予、眼局部投予等)等。本發明之投予劑型為經口劑時可列舉:錠劑、膠囊劑、顆粒劑、散劑等,非經口劑可列舉插入劑等。投予量可因應劑型、病患症狀、年齡、體重等適當地選擇。例如為經口投予時,體重每1kg每日0.05至5000mg,較佳為0.1至2000mg,最佳為1至1000mg,1日1次至分成數次投予,惟不限定於此等。
[尿毒素減輕劑]
於本發明,「尿毒素」為例如血中尿素氮(BUN)、1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、N-氧
化三甲胺(TMAO)、苯基硫酸(PS)、硫酸吲哚酚(IS)、肌酸酐等,惟不限定於此等。於本發明之尿毒素亦包含其他例如:三乙胺、吲哚、吲哚乙酸、胍基乙酸、對甲酚、馬尿酸、呋喃二羧酸及同半胱胺酸等及此等之前驅物。
此外,投予本發明之尿毒素減輕劑時,可在改善尿毒素之同時,亦改善血容比值及/或貧血。
於本發明,判斷尿毒素被減輕之方法無特別限定,可藉由公知之方法等判斷。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑而減輕尿毒素之方法可列舉例如後述實施例所述之測定血清中BUN(尿素氮)等之方法。使用測定血清中BUN之方法時,藉由例如投予菌或菌處理物或劑,BUN之值較投予此等前下降時可判斷有尿毒素減輕效果。又,亦可藉由下述之BUN以外之指標判斷。
1-甲基腺苷(m1A)為尿毒素之1種,於tRNA內為特異之構成成分。近年來已知為表示由氧化壓力引起之組織傷害之指標之一。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑而減輕尿毒素之方法,係例如關於m1A量,可藉由與未添加群相比,確認添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群是m1A量較低。
N-氧化三甲胺(TMAO)為尿毒素之1種,已知除了促進動脈硬化之外,最近亦明瞭是急性心肌梗塞或血栓症、心衰竭、腎衰竭等各種疾病的成因。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑而減輕判斷尿毒素之方法,係例如關於TMAO量,可藉由與未添加群相比,確認添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群是TMAO量較低。
苯基硫酸(PS)為代表性之尿毒素,由腸內細菌以蛋白質作為原料
製作,腎功能低下時蓄積於體內,已知其血中濃度與糖尿病性腎症之發症率、腎死或生存率相關。又,硫酸吲哚酚(IS)亦為代表性之尿毒素。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑減輕尿毒素之方法,係例如關於PS量及/或IS量,可藉由與未添加群相比,確認添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群是PS量及/或IS量較低。
肌酸酐是腎臟正常運作時作為尿排泄於體外之尿毒素,血液中之肌酸酐多時,推斷腎功能有障礙。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑而減輕尿毒素之方法,係例如關於肌酸酐值,可藉由與未添加群相比,確認添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群是肌酸酐值較低。
又,血容比及血紅素越多則表示血液越濃。血容比及血紅素比基準值低時為所謂血為淡之狀態,容易引起貧血。用以判斷藉由投予本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑而減輕尿毒素之方法,係例如關於血容比及血紅素值,可藉由與未添加群相比,確認添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群增大血容比及血紅素值。
本發明在可發揮本發明之效果之限制下,於本發明之技術範圍內包含將上述之構成作各種組合之態樣。
[自閉症治療劑或預防劑]
上述尿毒素中,屬於苯基硫酸(PS)1種之4-乙基苯基硫酸(4-乙基苯基硫酸)等苯酚衍生物,已知為自閉症譜系障礙(ASD)相關代謝產物(例如日本特表2015-529668號)。因此,與未添加群相比,添加本發明之菌或其處理物或本發明之劑之群係PS量為低時,對自閉症之治療及/或預防亦有效。
[於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑]
膽固醇為脂質之一種,總膽固醇(量)係指血液中膽固醇之總量。總膽固醇包含血管阻塞、心疾病風險高,亦稱為壞膽固醇之低密度脂蛋白質(LDL)、及幫助遠離心臟病之好膽固醇之高密度脂蛋白質(HDL),其中,HDL比例越高越好,總膽固醇量越少越好。
中性脂肪為脂質之一種,於血中含有高值時,有動脈硬化、脂肪肝、高血脂症或糖尿病等之風險。
本發明之劑(尤其是於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑)可將於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇量及/或中性脂肪減低。將於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇量及/或中性脂肪減低認為有用於例如脂肪相關疾病之預防或治療。又,本發明之劑亦有效於增加好膽固醇(HDL)量及/或減少惡膽固醇(LDL)量。
於本說明書,「腎功能低下」具體而言係指對象之腎功能為低下之狀態,對象較佳係指例如:腎衰竭、慢性腎臟病、慢性腎盂腎炎、急性腎盂腎炎、慢性腎絲球腎炎、急性進行型腎炎症候群、腎病症候群、腎硬化症、間質性腎炎、糖尿病性腎症、局部腎絲球硬化症、膜性腎症、多發性囊胞性腎症候群、腎血管性高血壓及高血壓症候群及伴隨前述原疾病之續發性腎疾病等中之任一種,對象更佳為腎衰竭狀態。
本發明於腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑及/或中性脂肪減低劑之較佳對象可對於例如動物(例如人類、大鼠、小鼠、兔子、羊、豬、牛、貓、狗、猴子等)投予,惟不限定於此等。
本發明之劑於脂肪相關疾病之預防或治療效果可藉由公知或自身已知之方法確認。例如,測定體重或以CT掃描等進行解析肝臟之脂肪量或睪丸上體周圍
之脂肪量等,於體重或脂肪量少或減少時可確認發揮預防或改善肥胖之效果。又,例如將肝臟組織之一部分進行病理解析確認脂肪滴、纖維化之狀態,於脂肪滴、纖維化狀態少或減少食可確認發揮預防或治療脂肪肝及/或肝臟纖維化之效果。又,例如藉由使用即時定量聚合酶連鎖反應等解析參與肝細胞纖維化之基因表現,於該基因表現低或減少時可確認發揮預防或治療肝臟纖維化之效果。又,例如測定血漿中含有之總膽固醇量、ALT(丙胺酸轉胺酶(Alanine Aminotransferase))值、AST(天冬胺酸轉胺酶(Aspartate aminotransferase))值,於此等量或值少或減少之時可確認發揮維持或改善肝功能之效果。
[實施例]
以下,藉由參考例及實施例詳細地說明本發明,惟本發明不限定於此等。此外,下述參考例及實施例有提到特定菌株,惟本發明之適用範圍不限定於此等。
[實施例1. 菌體之作成]
於添加有0.7%葡萄糖(富士軟片和光純藥(股)公司製造)及0.1%聚山梨酸酯80(純正化學(股)公司製造)之GAM液體培養基(GAM肉湯,日水製藥(股)公司製造)10mL中添加經凍結保存之各菌株(加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093)、雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidium G9-1)及多形類桿菌6030(Bacteroides Thetaiotaomicron 6030))之保存液0.2mL,於37℃培養24小時。之後,將各培養液10mL接種於添加有0.7%葡萄糖及0.1%聚山梨酸酯80之GAM液體培養基1000mL中,再於37℃培養16小時。培養完成後進行離心分離(3,000 x g、4℃,10分鐘),除去上清液,利用PBS(-)洗淨1次後獲得之菌體供給於下述試驗,以及將加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093之菌體再於100℃處理30分鐘獲得之死菌體供給於
下述試驗。
[實施例2. 於小鼠投予腺嘌呤誘發腎衰竭之菌體之實驗]
(1)對C57BL/6N Jcl(日本Clea(股)公司製造)之7週齡雄小鼠餵食含有0.2%腺嘌呤之CE-2餌料(日本Clea(股)公司製造)6週,作成腺嘌呤誘發腎衰竭小鼠(以下,亦稱為「RF小鼠」)(RF:腎衰竭(Renal Failure))。又,為了作比較,對相同之7週齡之C57BL/6N Jcl雄小鼠餵食通常之CE-2餌料(不含腺嘌呤)6週,作成無腎衰竭之通常之小鼠。
(2)對於上述(1)獲得之RF小鼠分別連續2週、1日1次經口投予於上述實施例1調製之菌體(加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093、加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093死菌體、雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1或多形類桿菌6030)或作為對照之蒸餾水(dw:distilled water)。
餌料之投予流程及試驗群之構成如圖2所示,各群為n=6。此外,於RF小鼠從開始投予菌體後至1週為止投予含有0.2%腺嘌呤之CE-2餌料,開始投予菌體經過1週後至2週之間將含有0.2%腺嘌呤之CE-2餌料更換為通常之CE-2餌料(未含腺嘌呤)投予,此為為了否定由於投予之菌體阻礙餌料中腺嘌呤之吸收而改善腎功能之可能性。從開始投予菌體經過2週之日之隔日將小鼠解剖,從各小鼠採取血液試樣。
[實施例3. 尿毒素之測定]
圖3至6表示針對採自實施例2之正常小鼠及RF小鼠(「RF+dw」、「RF+加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093」、「RF+雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1」及「RF+多形類桿菌6030」)之血液試樣,測定尿毒素濃度之結果。此外,BUN以外之尿毒素,亦即,肌酸酐、m1A(1-甲基腺苷)、TMAO(N-氧化三甲胺)、PS(苯基硫酸)及IS(硫酸吲哚酚)係使用LC-MS測定。BUN、血容比值及血紅素係使用iSTAT卡匣(iSTAT Cartridge(亞培
(Abboot)公司製造)測定。
[尿毒素測定結果之歸納]
從圖3記載之結果明瞭相對於對照之投予蒸餾水之RF小鼠(「RF+dw」),投予本發明菌體之RF小鼠(「RF+加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093」、「RF+雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1」及「RF+多形類桿菌6030」)係可減輕接近約30%之BUN(血中尿素氮)。關於血容比值及血紅素值,於多形類桿菌6030有顯著的改善,於加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093及雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1觀察到數值改善。
從圖4記載之結果明瞭相對於對照組,投予本發明之加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093之RF小鼠係減輕肌酸酐、m1A(1-甲基腺苷)、TMAO(N-氧化三甲胺)、PS(苯基硫酸)及IS(硫酸吲哚酚)之任一種尿毒素。此外,加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093於其中,尤其是對TMAO及PS之減輕效果優異。
從圖5記載之結果明瞭相對於對照組,投予本發明之雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1之RF小鼠係減輕肌酸酐、m1A、TMAO、PS及IS中之任一種尿毒素。此外,雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1於其中,尤其是對肌酸酐及IS之減輕效果優異。
從圖6記載之結果明瞭相對於對照組,投予本發明之多形類桿菌6030之RF小鼠係減輕肌酸酐、m1A、TMAO、PS及IS中之任一種尿毒素。此外,多形類桿菌6030於其中,尤其是對肌酸酐、TMAO及IS之減輕效果優異。
[總膽固醇(T-Cho(TC))、中性脂肪(TG)之測定]
圖7表示針對採自實施例2之RF小鼠(「RF+dw」及「RF+加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093死菌體」,亦即腎功能低下之小鼠之一種)之血液試樣,測定TC及TG之結果。此外,TC及TG為使用血漿試樣各10μL,以FUJIDryChem 7000V測定。
[TG、TC測定結果之歸納]
從圖7記載之結果明瞭相對於對照組之投予蒸餾水之RF小鼠(「RF+dw」),投予本發明之菌體之RF小鼠(「RF+加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093死菌體」係減低T-Cho(TC)及TG。此外,加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093死菌體尤其是對T-Cho(TC)之減低效果優異。
[產業上之可利用性]
本發明之方法可以效率地獲得工業上有利的尿毒素減輕劑、總膽固醇減低劑及中性脂肪減低劑,故而有用。
【生物材料寄存】
JP日本 獨立行政法人製品評價技術基盤機構特許微生物寄存中心2009/09/17 NITE BP-817
JP日本 獨立行政法人製品評價技術基盤機構特許微生物寄存中心2019/03/12 NITE BP-02913
Claims (11)
- 一種尿毒素減輕劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌,(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
- 如請求項1所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,乳酸桿菌屬之菌為加氏乳酸桿菌KD2093(Lactobacillus gasseri KD2093,寄存號碼:NITE BP-02913)。
- 如請求項1所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,雙岐桿菌屬之菌為雙叉雙歧桿菌G9-1(Bifidobacterium bifidum G9-1,寄存號碼:NITE BP-817)。
- 如請求項1所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,類桿菌屬之菌為多形類桿菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron)。
- 如請求項1至4中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,其中,被減輕之尿毒素為選自由血中尿素氮(BUN)、1-甲基腺苷(m1A)、N-氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、苯基硫酸(PS)、硫酸吲哚酚(IS)及4-乙基苯基硫酸(4-乙基苯基硫酸(4-EPS))構成之群組中之1種以上。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,係更減低肌酸酐值。
- 如請求項1至6中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑,係更增大血容比值及/或增大血紅素值。
- 一種請求項1至7中任一項所述之尿毒素減輕劑之製造方法,係培養請求項1中所記載之任一種菌,並採取培養成績體。
- 一種請求項1中所記載之任一種菌的用途,係用以製造尿毒素減輕劑。
- 一種腎功能低下之對象之總膽固醇減低劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌,(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組中之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
- 一種於腎功能低下之對象之中性脂肪減低劑,係含有下述(a)至(c)中之任一種菌,(a)選自由加氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)、約氏乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)及乾酪乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus casei)構成之群組之1種以上屬於乳酸桿菌(Lactobacillus)屬之菌;(b)選自由長雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、雙叉雙歧桿菌 (Bifidobacterium bifidum)、短雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium breve)及嬰兒雙歧桿菌(Bifidobacterium infantis)構成之群組之1種以上屬於雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium)屬之菌;或(c)1種以上屬於類桿菌(Bacteroides)屬之菌。
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