TW201726866A - 晶圓加工用接著材、晶圓層合體及薄型晶圓之製造方法 - Google Patents
晶圓加工用接著材、晶圓層合體及薄型晶圓之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201726866A TW201726866A TW105126241A TW105126241A TW201726866A TW 201726866 A TW201726866 A TW 201726866A TW 105126241 A TW105126241 A TW 105126241A TW 105126241 A TW105126241 A TW 105126241A TW 201726866 A TW201726866 A TW 201726866A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/683—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping
- H01L21/6835—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere for supporting or gripping using temporarily an auxiliary support
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
- C09J11/04—Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
- C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C09J133/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
本發明係提供剝離晶圓與支撐體時,抑制成為污染源之顆粒之發生,具有耐熱性,暫時接著容易,且即使在高階差基板上也可形成均勻的膜厚,對於TSV形成、晶圓背面配線步驟之步驟適合性高,此外,CVD等之晶圓熱製程耐性優異,剝離也容易,可提高薄型晶圓之生產性的晶圓加工用接著材、藉由該接著材貼合晶圓與支撐體之晶圓層合體、及使用此層合體的薄型晶圓之製造方法。本發明之晶圓加工用接著材,其係含有暫時性黏貼晶圓與支撐體用之矽氧系接著劑的接著材,其特徵為含有抗靜電劑。
Description
本發明係有關可抑制顆粒之發生,有效率地得到薄型晶圓之晶圓加工用接著材、晶圓層合體、及薄型晶圓之製造方法。
3次元之半導體實裝係為了實現更進一步的高密度、大容量化所必須的。所謂3次元實裝技術係使1個半導體晶片薄型化,進一步將此藉由矽貫穿電極(TSV;through silicon via)進行導線接合,同時層合成多層的半導體製作技術。為了要實現此技術時,需要將形成有半導體電路的基板,藉由非電路形成面(亦稱為「背面」)研削而薄型化,再於背面形成含有TSV之電極的步驟。以往,矽基板之背面研削步驟係於研削面的相反側黏貼背面保護膠帶,以防止研削時晶圓破損。但是此膠帶係將有機樹脂薄膜用於基材,雖具有柔軟性,但相反地強度或耐熱性不足,故並不適合形成TSV的步驟或在背面之形成配線層的步驟。
因此,提案經由接著層將半導體基板與矽、玻璃等之支撐體接合,藉此可足夠承受背面研削、TSV或背面電極形成之步驟的系統。此時重要的是將基板與支撐體接合時的接著層。此必須能將基板無空隙地與支撐體接合,且能承受其後步驟之充分的耐久性,此外,最後必須將薄型晶圓簡單地從支撐體中剝離。如此由於最後剝離,因此本說明書中將此接著層稱為暫時接著層(或暫時接著材層)。
目前為止,習知的暫時接著層與其剝離方法,提案對含有光吸收性物質之接著材照射高強度的光線,藉由將接著材層分解,從支撐體中將接著材層剝離的技術(專利文獻1)及接著材使用熱熔融性之烴系化合物,在加熱熔融狀態下進行接合、剝離的技術(專利文獻2)。前者的技術需要雷射等之高價裝置,且有每1片基板之處理時間會變長等的問題。又,後者的技術,由於僅以加熱來控制,較為簡便,但相反地,由於在超過200℃之高溫下之熱穩定性並不充分,因此適用範圍狹窄。再者,此等之暫時接著層,也不適合高階差基板之均勻的膜厚形成,及對支撐體之完全接著。
此外,提案將聚矽氧黏著劑用於暫時接著材層的技術(專利文獻3)。此係使用加成硬化型之聚矽氧黏著劑接合基板與支撐體,於剝離時係浸漬於溶解或分解聚矽氧樹脂的藥劑中,使基板自支撐體分離者。因此,剝離需要非常長的時間,因而難適用於實際的製造製程。
此外,提案晶圓加工時之耐熱性優異,暫時接著性(temporary adhesion)也良好,且常溫下之剝離性也良好的暫時接著劑。此方法係提案剝離晶圓與支撐體時,藉由在常溫下,以機械式在暫時接著劑之界面或以凝聚破壞使剝離的方法。此方法可比較簡便剝離晶圓與支撐體,但是剝離時,有接著劑變成顆粒,污染裝置內的情形。
又,以往藉由將抗靜電劑調配於丙烯酸系接著劑或環氧系接著劑等之接著劑.黏著劑中,抑制接著劑表面中之表面電阻(專利文獻4、5),但是因添加抗靜電劑,相反地使耐熱性降低,有不適合於高溫下使用之半導體領域的暫時接著劑。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2004-64040號公報
[專利文獻2]日本特開2006-328104號公報
[專利文獻3]美國專利第7541264號說明書
[專利文獻4]日本特開2014-141649號公報
[專利文獻5]日本特開2015-41663號公報
本發明係鑒於上述情形而完成者,本發明之
目的在於提供剝離晶圓與支撐體時,抑制成為污染源之顆粒之發生,具有耐熱性,暫時接著容易,且即使在高階差基板上也可形成均勻的膜厚,對於TSV形成、晶圓背面配線步驟之步驟適合性高,此外,CVD等之晶圓熱製程耐性優異,剝離也容易,可提高薄型晶圓之生產性的晶圓加工用接著材、藉由該接著材貼合晶圓與支撐體之晶圓層合體、及使用此層合體的薄型晶圓之製造方法。
本發明人等,為了達成上述目的,精心研究的結果,發現暫時黏貼晶圓與支撐體用之接著材為藉由使用含有抗靜電劑之含有矽氧系接著劑的晶圓加工用接著材,特別是具有(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層的複合暫時接著材,且於前述(B)層及/或(C)層中較佳為含有抗靜電劑的晶圓加工用接著材,在剝離晶圓與支撐體時,抑制成為污染源之顆粒之發生,具有耐熱性,暫時接著容易,且即使在高階差基板上也可形成均勻的膜厚,對於TSV形成、晶圓背面配線步驟之步驟適合性高,此外,CVD等之晶圓熱製程耐性優異,剝離也容易,可提高薄型晶圓之生產性,遂完成本發明。
因此,本發明係提供下述晶圓加工用接著材、晶圓層合體及薄型晶圓之製造方法。
[1]
一種晶圓加工用接著材,其係含有暫時性黏貼晶圓與
支撐體用之矽氧系接著劑的晶圓加工用接著材,其特徵為含有抗靜電劑。
[2]
如[1]之晶圓加工用接著材,其中具有(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層。
[3]
如[2]之晶圓加工用接著材,其中於第二暫時接著層(B)及/或第三暫時接著層(C)中含有抗靜電劑。
[4]
如[2]或[3]之晶圓加工用接著材,其中抗靜電劑之含量係在含有抗靜電劑之暫時接著層中為0.01~10質量%。
[5]
一種晶圓層合體,其係經由含有矽氧系接著劑層之接著材,貼合晶圓與支撐體的層合體,於前述接著材中含有抗靜電劑。
[6]
如[5]之晶圓層合體,其中晶圓層合體為具備:在表面具有電路面之晶圓;具有可剝離被接著於此晶圓之表面之(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、被層合於此第一暫時接著層之(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之晶圓加工用
接著材;可剝離被層合於前述接著材之第二暫時接著層或第三暫時接著層上的支撐體者;且在前述(B)第二暫時接著層及/或(C)第三暫時接著層含有抗靜電劑。
[7]
一種薄型晶圓之製造方法,其係包含暫時性以如[1]~[4]項中任一項之接著材黏貼晶圓與支撐體,將晶圓進行薄型加工處理後,將支撐體由被加工後之晶圓剝離的剝離步驟。
本發明之晶圓加工用接著材係藉由作為基板接合用支持層使用,提高與其他之材料之接著性,原本就不會產生樹脂之熱分解,且也不會產生高溫時之樹脂之流動,因耐熱性高,故可適用於寬廣之半導體成膜製程,即使對於具有階差之晶圓,也可形成膜厚均勻性高的接著層,因此膜厚均勻性,故可得到50μm以下之均勻的薄型晶圓,此外,薄型晶圓製作後,在室溫下,容易將此晶圓自支撐體剝離,可防止在剝離步驟所產生之顆粒之發生,因此提高作業效率,可容易製造易龜裂之薄型晶圓。
1‧‧‧裝置晶圓
2‧‧‧複合暫時接著材
(A)‧‧‧非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(第一暫時接著層)
(B)‧‧‧熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(第二暫時接著層)
(C)‧‧‧熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(第三暫時接著層)
3‧‧‧支撐體
[圖1]表示本發明之晶圓層合體之一例的剖面圖。
本發明之晶圓加工用接著材,其係含有暫時性黏貼晶圓與支撐體用之矽氧系接著劑的接著材,其特徵為該接著材含有抗靜電劑者。
<晶圓加工用接著材>
本發明之晶圓加工用接著材係用於暫時黏貼晶圓與支撐體者,只要含有矽氧系接著劑,進一步含有抗靜電劑者時,即無特別限制者,但是較佳為具有(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之2層構造或3層構造的複合暫時接著材所構成者,特佳為具有依前述(A)、(B)、(C)之順序形成之3層構造的複合暫時接著材。
亦即,本發明之晶圓加工用接著材係將表面具有電路面,背面應加工之晶圓與支撐體進行暫時接著用之晶圓加工用暫時接著材,其中與前述晶圓之表面暫時接著之(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、與此第一暫時接著層層合,且可與前述支撐體剝離接著之(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之具有2層構造的複合暫時接著材、或與前述晶圓之表面暫時接著之(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、與此第一暫時接著層層合之(B)由熱硬化
性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層、與此第二暫時接著層層合,可與前述支撐體剝離接著之(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之具有3層構造之複合暫時接著材為佳,特別是由晶圓側起,依前述(A)、(B)、(C)之順序形成之具有3層構造的複合暫時接著材為更佳,此複合暫時接著材之至少任一之暫時接著層含有抗靜電劑者。
此時,聚矽氧系接著層的(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層、及(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之至少1層含有抗靜電劑者為佳。
使用這種晶圓加工用接著材時,晶圓與支撐體之暫時接著容易,且即使對於高階差基板上也可形成均勻的膜厚,對於TSV形成、晶圓背面配線步驟之步驟適合性高,此外,CVD等之熱製程耐性也良好,且剝離也容易,可提高薄型晶圓之生產性。
如此,本發明之晶圓加工用接著材為含有(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之由2層系或3層系所成之複合暫時接著材之至少1層含有抗靜電劑,晶圓與支撐體之接合,由晶圓側起,較佳為作為依(A)、(B)、(C)之順序形成之構造之晶圓層合
體使用,可簡單地製造具有貫通電極構造或、凸塊連接構造之薄型晶圓。
圖1係表示本發明之晶圓層合體之一例的剖面圖。如圖1所示,本發明之晶圓層合體係具備在表面具有電路面,背面應加工之晶圓(裝置晶圓)1、晶圓1之加工時,支撐晶圓1之支撐體3、介於此等晶圓1與支撐體3之間的複合暫時接著材2,此複合暫時接著材2為具有非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)(第一暫時接著層)、熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)(第二暫時接著層)及熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)(第三暫時接著層)之3層構造,其中第一暫時接著層可與晶圓1之表面剝離、接著,第三暫時接著層可與支撐體3剝離、接著者。又,本發明之晶圓層合體係前述複合暫時接著材也可為具有非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)(第一暫時接著層)、熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)(第二暫時接著層)或熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)(第三暫時接著層)之2層構造,第一暫時接著層可與晶圓之表面剝離、接著,第二暫時接著層或第三暫時接著層可與支撐體剝離、接著者。
以下,更詳細說明前述具有2層或3層構造之複合暫時接著材。
<複合暫時接著材>
-(A)第一暫時接著層/非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層-
第一暫時接著層(A)係由不具有有機聚矽氧烷之熱可
塑性樹脂(非聚矽氧熱可塑性彈性體)所構成。第一暫時接著層(A)使用具有矽氧烷鍵之聚合物的情形,有與熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)或熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)產生互混的疑慮。
因對於具有階差之矽晶圓等之適用性,故具有良好之旋轉塗佈性的熱可塑性樹脂適合作為形成第一暫時接著層(A)之材料使用,可列舉例如烯烴系熱可塑性彈性體、聚丁二烯系熱可塑性彈性體、苯乙烯系熱可塑性彈性體、苯乙烯.丁二烯系熱可塑性彈性體、苯乙烯.聚烯烴系熱可塑性彈性體等,特佳為耐熱性優異之氫化聚苯乙烯系彈性體。尤以彈性體之分子量於1萬~50萬範圍者為佳。具體而言,可列舉例如tuftec(旭化成Chemicals(股)製)、Espolex SB系列(住友化學(股)製)、Lavalon(三菱化學(股)製)、SEPTON((股)kuraray製)、DYNARON(JSR(股)製)等。又,可列舉例如ZEONEX(日本ZEON(股))所代表的環烯烴聚合物及TOPAS(日本聚塑膠(股)製)所代表的環狀烯烴共聚物。
這種第一暫時接著層(A)時,在薄型晶圓製作後,在室溫下,此晶圓可更容易由支撐體剝離,故可更容易操作易龜裂之薄型晶圓。
此非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)係將前述熱可塑性樹脂溶解於溶劑,作為非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A'),藉由旋轉塗佈或噴塗等的手法,形成於矽晶圓等之半導體基板等之上。藉此,塗佈性佳,可均勻塗佈此樹脂
層(A)。此時形成之膜厚無特別限定,但是配合其基板上之階差,形成樹脂皮膜為佳,較佳為形成0.5~50μm,又更佳為0.5~10μm之膜厚。
在此,溶解熱可塑性樹脂的溶劑,可列舉例如烴系溶劑、較佳為異辛烷、壬烷、p-薄荷烷、蒎烯、異辛烷等,因其塗佈性,更較佳為壬烷、p-薄荷烷、異辛烷。
又,此非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A'),為了提高其耐熱性之目的,可添加抗氧化劑,或為了提高塗佈性,在不影響本發明之目的之範圍內,可添加界面活性劑。抗氧化劑之具體例,較佳為使用二-tert-丁基苯酚等。界面活性劑之例,較佳為使用氟聚矽氧系界面活性劑X-70-1102(信越化學工業股份公司製)等。
-(B)第二暫時接著層/熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層-
本發明之晶圓層合體之構成要素的熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B),只要是使熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物硬化所得者時,即無特別限定,例如以含有下述成分之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')之硬化物層為佳。
(B-1)1分子中具有2個以上之烯基的有機聚矽氧烷、(B-2)1分子中含有2個以上之與矽原子鍵結的氫原子(SiH基)之有機氫聚矽氧烷:(B-2)成分中之SiH基相對於(B-1)成分中之烯基之莫耳比成為0.3~10的量、(B-3)反應控制劑:相對於(B-1)及(B-2)成分之合計
100質量份,為0~10質量份、特別是0.1~10質量份、及(B-4)鉑系觸媒:有效量。
以下說明各成分。
(B-1)成分
(B-1)成分係1分子中含有2個以上之烯基之較佳為直鏈狀或分枝狀之二有機聚矽氧烷,特別是1分子中含有0.3~10mol%、更佳為0.5~9mol%(烯基莫耳數/Si莫耳數)之烯基之二有機聚矽氧烷為佳。
(B-1)成分係數平均分子量通常為1,000~1,000,000、較佳為3,000~500,000。數平均分子量過小時,硬化皮膜有變脆的情形,過大時,塗佈性有變差的情形。在此,分子量或聚合度例如可以甲苯作為展開溶劑之凝膠滲透層析(GPC)分析之聚苯乙烯換算之數平均分子量、重量平均分子量或數平均聚合度等求得(以下相同)。
這種二有機聚矽氧烷,具體而言,可列舉例如下述式(1)及/或(2)表示者。
(式中,R1各自獨立為含有烯基之1價有機基,R2各
自獨立為不含有脂肪族不飽和鍵之一價烴基,a為0~3、特別是1~3之整數,m為0或10以下之正數,n為1~1,000之正數。又,式(1)中之2a+m、及式(2)中之m+2為1分子中,烯基含量成為0.3~10mol%之數。)
前述式中,R1之含有烯基之1價有機基,較佳為碳原子數2~10之有機基,可列舉例如乙烯基、烯丙基、己烯基、辛烯基等之烯基;丙烯醯基丙基、丙烯醯基甲基、甲基丙烯醯基丙基等之(甲基)丙烯醯基烷基;丙烯醯氧基丙基、丙烯醯氧基甲基、甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基、甲基丙烯醯氧基甲基等之(甲基)丙烯醯氧基烷基;環己烯基乙基、乙烯氧基丙基等之可夾雜氧原子之含有烯基之一價烴基,特別是工業上以乙烯基為佳。
R2較佳為碳原子數1~10之一價烴基,可列舉例如甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基等之烷基;環己基等之環烷基;苯基、甲苯基等之芳基等,特別是甲基等之烷基或苯基為佳。
式(1)中,a為0~3之整數,但是a為1~3時,分子鏈末端以烯基封端,故因反應性佳之此分子鏈末端烯基,可以短時間完成反應,故較佳。此外,在成本面而言,a=1在工業上較佳。此含有烯基之二有機聚矽氧烷之性狀為油狀或生橡膠狀為佳。此含有烯基之二有機聚矽氧烷可為直鏈狀或可為分枝狀。
(B-2)成分
(B-2)成分為交聯劑,1分子中,含有至少2個、較佳為3個以上之與矽原子鍵結之氫原子(SiH基)的有機氫聚矽氧烷。(B-2)成分可使用直鏈狀、分枝狀或環狀者。
(B-2)成分之有機氫聚矽氧烷係1分子中具有2個以上、較佳為3個以上之SiH基,但是此可在分子鏈末端也可在分子鏈之途中,也可在其兩者。
前述(B-2)成分之有機氫聚矽氧烷在25℃下,藉由旋轉黏度計所得之黏度,較佳為1~5,000mPa.s,更佳為5~500mPa.s。又,(B-2)成分之有機氫聚矽氧烷之一分子中之矽原子之數(亦即,聚合度)為4~1,000個、特別是10~100個為佳。此有機氫聚矽氧烷也可為2種以上的混合物。
前述(B-2)成分之使用量係(B-2)成分中之Si-H基相對於(B-1)成分中之烯基量之莫耳比(SiH基/烯基)成為0.3~10,特佳為成為1~8之範圍來調配。此SiH基與烯基之莫耳比為0.3以上時,交聯密度不會變低,也不會發生黏著劑層不會硬化等的問題。10以下時,交聯密度不會變得過高,可得到充分的黏著力及黏性(tack)。又,前述莫耳比為10以下時,可延長處理液之可使用時間。
(B-3)成分
(B-3)成分為反應控制劑,調合熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物或塗佈於基材時,為了在加熱硬化前,處理液不會產生增黏或凝膠化,必要時可任意添加者。其具體例,可列舉
例如3-甲基-1-丁炔-3-醇、3-甲基-1-戊炔-3-醇、3,5-二甲基-1-己炔-3-醇、1-乙炔基環己醇、3-甲基-3-三甲基矽氧烷基-1-丁炔、3-甲基-3-三甲基矽氧烷基-1-戊炔、3,5-二甲基-3-三甲基矽氧烷基-1-己炔、1-乙炔基-1-三甲基矽氧烷基環己烷、雙(2,2-二甲基-3-丁炔氧基)二甲基矽烷、1,3,5,7-四甲基-1,3,5,7-四乙烯基環四矽氧烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基-1,3-二乙烯基二矽氧烷等,較佳為1-乙炔基環己醇、及3-甲基-1-丁炔-3-醇。
調配前述(B-3)成分時之調配量,通常相對於前述(B-1)及(B-2)成分之合計100質量份,為0.1~10質量份、特別是0.1~8質量份,特別是0.05~2質量份為佳。10質量份以下時,熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物之硬化性不會降低,0.1質量份以上時,反應控制之效果可充分發揮。
(B-4)成分
(B-4)成分為鉑系觸媒(亦即,鉑族金屬觸媒),作為為了促進前述(B-1)成分中之矽原子鍵結烯基與前述(B-2)成分中之SiH基之加成反應用之觸媒使用者。鉑族金屬觸媒可列舉例如氯化鉑酸、氯化鉑酸之醇溶液、氯化鉑酸與醇之反應物、氯化鉑酸與烯烴化合物之反應物、氯化鉑酸與含有乙烯基之矽氧烷之反應物等。
前述(B-4)成分之添加量係有效量,通常相對於前述(B-1)及(B-2)成分之合計質量,鉑分(質量換算)為1~5,000ppm,較佳為5~2,000ppm。1ppm以上時,熱硬化
性聚矽氧組成物之硬化性不會降低,交聯密度不會降低,保持力也不會降低。5,000ppm以下時,可延長處理浴之可使用時間。
又,前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')中含有R3 3SiO0.5單位(式中,R3獨立為碳原子數1~10之非取代或取代之1價烴基)及SiO2單位,也可添加R3 3SiO0.5單位/SiO2單位之莫耳比為0.3~1.8的有機聚矽氧烷。該有機聚矽氧烷之添加量較佳為前述(B-1)成分之0~30質量%,調配時,較佳為1~30質量%。
前述熱硬化性聚矽氧聚合物層(B)係將前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')藉由旋轉塗佈、輥塗佈器等之方法,可形成於支撐體上,或形成於支撐體上之未硬化之熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)上。又,藉由旋轉塗佈等之方法,將前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')形成於前述未硬化之熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)上的情形,將前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')作為溶液塗佈為佳,此時可使用溶劑,例如較佳為使用戊烷、己烷、環己烷、異辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、p-薄荷烷、蒎烯、異十二烷、檸檬烯等之烴系溶劑。又,此熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')中,為了提高耐熱性可添加公知的抗氧化劑。
又,此熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')中,為了提高耐熱性,相對於(B-1)成分100質量份,可添加50質量份以下二氧化矽等之填料。
又前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')係以膜厚
0.1~30μm之間形成來使用較佳。膜厚為0.1μm以上時,塗佈於未硬化之熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)之上的情形,不會產生未完全塗佈的部分,可全體塗佈。而膜厚為30μm以下時,可耐形成薄型晶圓時之研削步驟,故較佳。
又,前述熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)之25mm寬之聚醯亞胺試驗片之180°撕開剝離力,通常為2gf以上且50gf以下,較佳為3gf以上30gf以下,又更佳為5gf以上20gf以下。2gf以上時,晶圓研削時,不會產生晶圓偏離之疑慮,50gf以下時,晶圓之剝離變得容易,故較佳。此時,此熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)之膜厚,較佳為0.1~30μm,又更佳為1~20μm。
-(C)第三暫時接著層/熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層-
本發明之晶圓層合體之構成要素的熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C),只要是使含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物硬化所得者時,即無特別限定,但是以下述式(3)或(4)表示之熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物為主成分之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')之硬化物層為佳。
式(3)之聚合物(酚性矽氧烷聚合物):含有下述式(3)表示之重複單位之重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000之酚性矽氧烷聚合物。
[式中,R4各自表示可相同或相異之碳原子數1~8之烷基等之一價烴基。又,p為1~100之整數,A為0或正數,B為正數。此時,A+B=1。又,較佳為A為0~0.9、B為0.1~1,又添加A的情形,較佳為A為0.1~0.7,B為0.3~0.9。
X為下述式(a)表示之2價有機基。
(式中,Z為選自
之任一的2價有機基,q為0或1。又,R5各自為碳原子數1~4之烷基或烷氧基,可互相相同或相異。k為0、1、2之任一。)]
此時,R4之具體例有甲基、乙基、苯基等,p較佳為3~60、更佳為8~40之整數。又,B/A為0~20,特別是0.5~5。又,R5之具體例可列舉甲基、乙基、丙基、甲氧基、乙氧基等。
式(4)之聚合物(環氧基改性矽氧烷聚合物):具有下述一般式(4)表示之重複單位之重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000之環氧基改性矽氧烷聚合物。
[式中,R4各自表示可相同或相異之碳原子數1~8之烷基等之一價烴基。又,p為1~100之整數,A為0或正數,B為正數。此時,A+B=1。又,較佳為A為0~0.9,B為0.1~1,又添加A的情形,較佳為A為0.1~0.7,B為0.3~0.9。此外,Y為下述一般式(b)表示之2價有機基。
(式中,V為選自
之任一的2價有機基,r為0或1。又,R6各自為碳原子數1~4之烷基或烷氧基,可互相相同或相異。h為0、1、2之任一。)]
此時,R4、p之具體例係與式(3)同樣。R6之具體例可列舉與上述R5同樣者。
以式(3)或(4)表示之熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物為主成分之熱硬化性之含有矽氧烷之組成物(C')係因其熱硬化,故式(3)之酚性矽氧烷聚合物的情形,含有選自
藉由福馬林或福馬林-醇改性之胺基縮合物、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲樹脂、1分子中平均具有2個以上之苯酚基、羥甲基或烷氧基羥甲基的苯酚化合物、及1分子中平均具有2個以上之環氧基的環氧化合物之任一種以上的交聯劑。
又,式(4)之環氧基改性矽氧烷聚合物的情形,含有1分子中平均具有2個以上之環氧基的環氧化合物或1分子中平均具有2個以上之苯酚基之苯酚化合物之任一種以上作為交聯劑。
在此,用於以式(3)及(4)表示熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物作為主成分之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')的交聯劑,其中具有多官能環氧基之環氧化合物無特別限定,特別是可使用2官能、3官能、4官能以上之多官能環氧樹脂,例如日本化藥(股)製之EOCN-1020、EOCN-102S、XD-1000、NC-2000-L、EPPN-201、GAN、NC6000或如下述式之交聯劑。
熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物為式(4)之環氧改性矽氧烷聚合物的情形,其交聯劑可列舉例如m、p-系甲酚酚醛清漆樹脂,例如旭有機材工業製EP-6030G、或3官能苯酚化合物,例如本州化學工業(股)製Tris-P-PA、或4官能性苯酚化合物,例如旭有機材工業(股)製TEP-TPA等。
交聯劑之調配量係相對於前述熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物100質量份,通常為0.1~50質量份,較佳
為0.1~30質量份,又更佳為1~20質量份,亦可混合調配2種或3種以上。
此等之中,前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C'),較佳為相對於具有式(3)表示之重複單位之重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000之酚性矽氧烷聚合物100質量份,含有0.1~50質量份之作為交聯劑之選自藉由福馬林或福馬林-醇改性之胺基縮合物、三聚氰胺樹脂、脲樹脂、1分子中平均具有2個以上之酚基、羥甲基或烷氧基羥甲基的酚化合物、及1分子中平均具有2個以上之環氧基的環氧化合物之1種以上的組成物,或相對於具有以式(4)表示之重複單位之重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000之環氧基改性矽氧烷聚合物100質量份,含有0.1~50質量份之作為交聯劑之選自1分子中平均具有2個以上之苯酚基的苯酚化合物、及1分子中平均具有2個以上之環氧基的環氧化合物之任一種以上的組成物為佳。
又,含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')中,相對於前述熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物100質量份,可含有10質量份以下之如酸酐的硬化觸媒。
含有熱硬化性矽氧烷組成物(C')可含有溶劑,此時,可列舉例如環己酮、環戊酮、甲基-2-n-戊基酮等之酮類;3-甲氧基丁醇、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇等之醇類;丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單乙基醚、丙二醇二甲基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚等之醚類;丙二醇單甲醚乙酸
酯、丙二醇單乙基醚乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸tert-丁基、丙酸tert-丁酯、丙二醇單-tert-丁基醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯等之酯類等,此等可1種單獨使用或可併用2種以上。
又,含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')中,為了更提高耐熱性,故相對於前述熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物100質量份,可添加50質量份以下之公知之抗氧化劑、二氧化矽等之填料。此外,可更提高塗佈均勻性,也可添加界面活性劑。
將此含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')塗佈於支撐體上,具體而言,藉由旋轉塗佈、輥塗佈、模塗佈等之方法可形成。前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷組成物(C')係配合晶圓側之階差,使硬化時之膜厚成為15~150μm為佳,形成20~120μm成膜更佳。膜厚為15μm以上時,可充分耐晶圓薄型化之研削步驟,150μm以下時,在TSV形成步驟等之熱處理步驟,不會產生樹脂變形之疑慮,可耐實用,故較佳。
<抗靜電劑>
抗靜電劑可列舉通常所知之陰離子系界面活性劑、陽離子系界面活性劑、非離子系界面活性劑、兩性界面活性劑、導電性聚合物等。此等可選擇1種或2種以上使用。
具體而言,陰離子系界面活性劑可列舉例如
羧酸鹽、磺酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磷酸鹽。具體而言,可列舉例如烷基醚羧酸鹽、脂肪酸醯胺醚羧酸鹽、醯基乳酸鹽、N-醯基麩胺酸鹽、N-醯基甲基丙胺酸酸鹽、N-醯基肌胺酸鹽、N-醯基-ω-胺基酸鹽、烷烴磺酸鹽、α-烯烴磺酸鹽、α-磺酸基脂肪酸甲基酯鹽、醯基羥乙基磺酸(Isethionic acid)鹽、烷基磺酸基琥珀酸鹽、烷基磺酸基乙酸鹽、烷基苯磺酸鹽、烷基萘磺酸鹽、N-醯基甲基牛磺酸鹽、福馬林縮合系硫酸鹽、烷基硫酸鹽、烷基醚硫酸鹽、烷基芳基醚硫酸鹽、脂肪酸烷醇醯胺硫酸鹽、脂肪酸單酸甘油酯硫酸鹽、烷基磷酸鹽、聚氧乙烯烷基醚磷酸鹽、烷基芳基醚磷酸鹽、脂肪酸醯胺醚磷酸鹽等之鹼金屬或鹼土金屬之金屬鹽。
陽離子界面活性劑可列舉1級胺鹽、2級胺鹽、3級胺鹽、脂肪酸醯胺胺鹽、四級銨鹽、烷基三伸烷二醇銨鹽、烷基醚銨鹽、苯紮氯銨鹽、苄乙氧銨(benzethonium)鹽、吡啶鎓鹽、咪唑鎓鹽等。
非離子系界面活性劑可列舉例如丙二醇單脂肪酸酯、乙二醇單脂肪酸酯、丙三醇單脂肪酸酯、聚丙三醇脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、甲基糖苷脂肪酸酯、烷基聚葡萄醣苷、聚氧乙烯單脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯丙三醇脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨醣醇脂肪酸酯等之碳數5~25之酯類;聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯烷基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯膽固醇、聚氧乙烯二氫膽固醇(cholestanol)、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙
烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯聚氧丙二醇等之碳數5~25之醚類;聚氧乙烯脂肪酸醯胺、烷基二乙醇醯胺、烷基氧化胺等之醯胺等。
兩面界面活性劑可列舉胺基丙酸、碳數5~20之羧基甜菜鹼、磺酸基甜菜鹼等。
導電性聚合物可列舉聚噻吩、聚吡咯、聚乙炔、聚苯胺等。
又,一般使用於接著劑之氟系之界面活性劑,無法改善耐污染性,無法改善半導體晶圓上殘留顆粒的問題。
本發明使用的抗靜電劑,較佳為非離子系、兩性離子系之抗靜電劑。
抗靜電劑之使用方法,例如塗佈於矽氧系接著劑層表面的方法、預先添加於矽氧系接著劑的方法,較佳為添加於矽氧系接著劑中使用為佳。又,接著層有複數層的複合體係將抗靜電劑調配於至少1層之矽氧系接著劑層為佳,也可將抗靜電劑調配於矽氧系接著劑層以外之接著劑層。上述複合接著材的情形,至少調配於第二暫時接著層(B)及/或第三暫時接著層(C)為佳。
又,將抗靜電劑塗佈於矽氧系接著劑表面的情形,將抗靜電劑溶解於溶劑的塗佈液,使用公知的塗佈方法、例如毛刷塗佈、噴塗、旋轉塗佈機、塗佈棒、輥塗佈機等之任一之方法,可塗佈於矽氧系接著劑表面。
抗靜電劑之調配量為抗靜電有效量,接著材
全體之0.01~10質量%,較佳為0.1~5質量%。特別是含有抗靜電劑的層,例如前述第二暫時接著層(B)中調配抗靜電劑的情形,此層中0.01~10質量%、更佳為0.1~5質量%,第三暫時接著層(C)中調配有抗靜電劑的情形,此層中0.01~10質量%,更佳為0.1~5質量%,又第二暫時接著層(B)及第三暫時接著層(C)中各自調配有抗靜電劑的情形,各層之抗靜電劑合計量控制為0.01~10質量%、控制為0.1~5質量%為佳。少於0.01質量%時,耐污染性、尺寸安定性、耐熱性等降低,超過10質量%的情形,接著性降低,晶圓之加工性有變差的情形。
<薄型晶圓之製造方法>
本發明之薄型晶圓之製造方法,其具有半導體電路等之晶圓與支撐體之接著層為使用具有含有上述矽氧系接著劑,且含有抗靜電劑之接著材、特別是非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)、熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)及/或熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)的複合暫時接著材者。藉由本發明之製造方法而得之薄型晶圓的厚度,典型為5~300μm,更典型為10~100μm。
前述薄型晶圓之製造方法含有下述(a)~(e)之步驟為佳。
(a)將於表面具有電路形成面及背面具有非電路形成面之晶圓之前述電路形成面,經由含有非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)、熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(B)及/或熱硬化性矽氧烷
改性聚合物層(C)的複合暫時接著材,與支撐體接合時,於晶圓之電路形成面塗佈非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A'),形成非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)層,在前述支撐體上形成前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層、前述熱硬化矽氧烷含有組成物(C')層、或前述支撐體上所形成之前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層之上形成前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層後,將形成有該組成物(C')及/或(B')層之支撐體與形成有前述非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)之附電路之晶圓,分別對準樹脂層,在真空下或減壓下進行貼合的步驟,(b)使前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層及/或熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層熱硬化的步驟、(c)將與前述支撐體接合之前述晶圓之非電路形成面進行研削或研磨的步驟、(d)對前述晶圓之非電路形成面施予加工的步驟及(e)將前述施予加工後之晶圓自前述支撐體剝離的步驟。
此時,前述(a)步驟也可為將形成有含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層之支撐體與附電路之晶圓上之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)上形成有熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層的附電路之晶圓,分別對準樹脂層,在真空下或減壓下進行貼合。
這種薄型晶圓之製造方法時,使用本發明中之晶圓加工用接著材、特別是由2層或3層系所成之複合
暫時接著材,經過晶圓與支撐體之接合及剝離步驟,可容易製造具有貫通電極構造或凸塊連接構造的薄型晶圓。
又,依據這種步驟時,可將支撐體尺寸佳接合於施予加工後之晶圓,而且可容易剝離,又,可容易進行其後的切割步驟,可得到無變形,破損少的薄型晶圓。
[步驟(a)]
步驟(a)係將於表面具有電路形成面及背面具有非電路形成面之晶圓之前述電路形成面,經由含有非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)、熱可塑性矽氧聚合物層(B)及/或熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)所成之複合暫時接著材,與支撐體接合時,前述表面具有電路形成面及背面具有非電路形成面之晶圓之前述表面的電路形成面,使用前述非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A')形成非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A),同時,前述支撐體之一面形成前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層或前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層,若為3層的情形,前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層之上形成前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層後,將前述晶圓之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)與前述支撐體之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層、含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層、或含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層上之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層,在真空下或減壓下進行貼合的步驟。特別是可為依(A)層、(B)層、(C)層之順序,在基板上形成接著層的構成。
此時,也可為前述表面具有電路形成面及背面具有非電路形成面之晶圓之前述表面的電路形成面,使用前述非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A')形成非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A),其上形成前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層,同時,前述支撐體之一面形成前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層後,將前述晶圓之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)上之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層與前述支撐體之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層,在真空下進行貼合的步驟。
具有電路形成面及非電路形成面之晶圓,其一面為電路形成面,另一面為非電路形成面的晶圓。本發明可應用的晶圓,通常為半導體晶圓。該半導體晶圓之例不僅為矽晶圓,亦可列舉例如鍺晶圓、鎵-砷晶圓、鎵-磷晶圓、鎵-砷-鋁晶圓等。該晶圓之厚度無特別限定,典型為600~800μm,更典型為625~775μm。
作為支撐體可使用矽晶圓或玻璃板、石英晶圓等之基板而無任何限制。本發明中,並無必要透過支撐體對接著層照射輻射能量線,故支撐體可不需要光線透過性。
前述非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂組成物(A')、前述組成物(B')及(C')可各自以薄膜狀態形成於晶圓或支撐體上,或將含有溶劑之組成物(A')、(B')或(C'),各自以旋轉塗佈等方法可均勻形成於晶圓或支撐體上。此情況下,旋轉塗佈後,配合其溶劑之揮發條件,於80~200℃,較佳
為100~180℃之溫度,預先進行預烘烤後供於使用。
於形成有前述組成物(A')、(B')及(C')之層之晶圓及支撐體係以經由此等之接著層,而被接合之基板(晶圓層合體)來形成。此時,較佳為在40~200℃,更佳為在60~180℃之溫度區域,可在此溫度,真空下或減壓下,以10秒~300秒將此基板均勻壓黏,而形成使晶圓與支撐體接合之晶圓加工體(層合體基板)。又,前述真空條件只要是在減壓下即可,可為0.01~500Pa,較佳為0.01~100Pa。又,壓力條件係0.1~50kN進行為佳。
晶圓貼合裝置為市售之晶圓接合裝置,可列舉例如EVG公司之EVG520IS、850TB、SUSS社之XBC300等。
[步驟(b)]
步驟(b)係使前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層及/或前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層熱硬化的步驟。形成前述晶圓層合體(層合體基板)後,藉由於120~220℃、較佳為150~200℃進行10分鐘~4小時、較佳為30分鐘~2小時加熱,使前述熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物(B')層及前述含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物(C')層硬化,作為熱可塑性矽氧烷樹脂聚合物層(B)及熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(C)。
[步驟(c)]
步驟(c)係對與支撐體接合之晶圓的非電路形成面進行研削或研磨的步驟,亦即,對於步驟(a)貼合所得之晶圓層合體之晶圓背面側進行研削,使該晶圓厚度變薄的步驟。晶圓背面之研削加工方式並無特別限制,可採用習知之研削方式。較佳為邊對晶圓與研磨粒(金剛石等)澆水冷卻邊進行研削。研削加工晶圓背面的裝置,可列舉例如(股)DISCO製之DAG-810(商品名)等。又,亦可對晶圓背面側進行CMP研磨。
[步驟(d)]
步驟(d)係對於研削非電路形成面後之晶圓層合體,亦即藉由背面研削,對經薄型化之晶圓層合體之非電路形成面實施加工的步驟。此步驟包含晶圓等級所用之各種製程。可列舉例如電極形成、金屬配線形成、保護膜形成等。更具體而言,可列舉例如電極等之形成用之金屬濺鍍、蝕刻金屬濺鍍層之濕式蝕刻、作為金屬配線形成之遮罩用之阻劑之塗佈、曝光及顯影形成圖型、阻劑之剝離、乾蝕刻、金屬鍍敷之形成、TSV形成用之矽蝕刻、矽表面之氧化膜形成等之以往習知製程。
[步驟(e)]
步驟(e)係將於步驟(d)實施加工之晶圓,自晶圓層合體進行剝離的步驟,亦即,對於薄型化後之晶圓實施各種加工後,切割之前,將晶圓自晶圓層合體剝離的步驟。此
剝離步驟一般由室溫至60℃左右之比較低溫之條件下實施,將晶圓層合體之晶圓或支撐體之一方水平固定,將另一方由水平方向以一定的角度提起的方法及將保護薄膜貼於研削後之晶圓之研削面,將晶圓與保護薄膜以剝離(peel)方式,自晶圓層合體剝離的方法等。本發明可適用於此等之剝離方法之任一種,但是將晶圓層合體之晶圓或支撐體之一方水平固定,將另一方由水平方向以一定的角度提起的方法及將保護薄膜貼於研削後之晶圓之研削面,將晶圓與保護薄膜以剝離方式,剝離的方法等更適合。此等之剝離方法通常在室溫下實施。
又,將實施加工之晶圓,自支撐體剝離的步驟(e)較佳為包含(f)切割膠帶接著於實施加工後之晶圓之晶圓面的步驟,(g)將切割膠帶面真空吸附於吸附面的步驟,及(h)於吸附面之溫度為10℃~100℃之溫度範圍內,使前述支撐體自實施加工之前述晶圓以撕開剝離的步驟。藉此,可使附接著材之支撐體容易地自實施加工後之晶圓剝離,且可容易地進行其後的切割步驟。
此外,(e)將實施加工之晶圓,自前述附接著材之支撐體剝離的步驟後,進行(i)除去殘留於剝離後之晶圓之電路形成面的暫時接著層的步驟為佳。
藉由步驟(e),由支撐體剝離後之晶圓之電路形成面,有殘留一部分之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)的
情形,該非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)之除去,例如可藉由洗淨晶圓來進行。
步驟(i)係溶解構成暫時接著層中之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂的洗淨液時,所有皆可使用,具體而言,可列舉戊烷、己烷、環己烷、癸烷、異壬烷、p-薄荷烷、蒎烯、異十二烷、檸檬烯等。此等溶劑可單獨使用一種亦可組合兩種以上使用。
又,不易去除的情形,亦可於上述溶劑中添加鹼類、酸類。鹼類之例可使用乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、三乙胺、氨等之胺類,氫氧化四甲基銨等之銨鹽類。酸類可使用乙酸、草酸、苯磺酸、十二烷基苯磺酸等之有機酸。此等之添加量係以洗淨液中濃度為0.01~10質量%,較佳為0.1~5質量%。又,為了提高殘存物之去除性,亦可添加既有的界面活性劑。
洗淨方法可為使用前述洗淨液以攪拌器(paddle)進行洗淨之方法、以噴塗噴霧之洗淨方法、浸漬於洗淨液槽的方法。溫度為10~80℃,較佳為15~65℃,必要時,可以此等之洗淨液溶解非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A)後,最終,藉由水洗或醇進行清洗,使乾燥處理可得到薄型晶圓。
[實施例]
以下,顯示合成例、製作例及實施例及比較例具體說明本發明,但本發明不限於下述實施例者。
[樹脂合成例1]
於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及迴流冷卻器之燒瓶內,饋入下述式(M-1)表示之9,9'-雙(3-烯丙基-4-羥基苯基)茀43.1g、下述平均構造式(M-3)所示之有機氫矽氧烷29.5g、甲苯135g、氯化鉑酸0.04g,昇溫至80℃。然後,耗費1小時將下述式(M-5)表示之1,4-雙(二甲基矽烷基)苯17.5g滴入燒瓶內。此時,燒瓶內溫度上昇至85℃。滴入結束後,進一步於80℃下熟成2小時後,餾除甲苯,同時添加環己酮80g,得到樹脂固體成分濃度50質量%之以環己酮為溶劑的樹脂溶液。此溶液之樹脂成分之分子量,以GPC測量時,以聚苯乙烯換算,重量平均分子量45,000。此外,此樹脂溶液50g中,添加作為交聯劑之環氧交聯劑的EOCN-1020(日本化藥(股)製)7.5g、作為硬化觸媒之和光純藥工業(股)製、BSDM(雙(tert-丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷)0.2g及作為抗氧化劑之四[亞甲基-(3,5-二-t-丁基-4-羥基氫化肉桂酸酯)]甲烷(商品名:ADK STAB AO-60)0.1g,使用1μm之薄膜過濾器過濾得到熱硬化性含有矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-1)。
[樹脂合成例2]
於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及迴流冷卻器之5L燒瓶內,將下述式(M-2)表示之環氧化合物84.1g溶解於甲苯600g後,添加下述式(M-3)表示之化合物294.6g、
下述式(M-4)表示之化合物25.5g,加溫至60℃。然後,投入載持有碳之鉑觸媒(5質量%)1g,確認內部反應溫度昇溫至65~67℃後,進一步加溫至90℃,熟成3小時。接著冷卻至室溫後,添加甲基異丁基酮(MIBK)600g,藉由將本反應溶液以過濾器加壓過濾,去除鉑觸媒。將此樹脂溶液中之溶劑進行減壓餾除,同時,添加丙二醇單甲基醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)270g,得到樹脂固體成分濃度60質量%之以PGMEA為溶劑的樹脂溶液。此樹脂溶液之樹脂的分子量,以GPC測量時,以聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量28,000。此外,此樹脂溶液100g中添加作為交聯劑之4官能苯酚化合物的TEP-TPA(旭有機材工業(股)製)9g、作為硬化觸媒之四氫苯二甲酸酐(新日本理化(股)製、RIKACID HH-A)0.2g,使用1μm之薄膜過濾器過濾得到熱硬化性含有矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-2)。
[樹脂合成例3]
於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及迴流冷卻器之5L燒瓶內,饋入下述式(M-1)表示之9,9'-雙(3-烯丙基-4-羥基苯基)茀10.8g、下述式(M-2)表示之環氧化合物21.0g溶解於甲苯900g後,添加下述式(M-6)表示之化合物325.9g、下述式(M-4)表示之化合物25.5g,加溫至60℃。然後,投入載持有碳之鉑觸媒(5質量%)1g,確認內部反應溫度昇溫至65~67℃後,進一步加溫至90℃,熟成3小時。接著冷卻至室溫後,添加甲基異丁基酮(MIBK)
600g,藉由將本反應溶液以過濾器加壓過濾,去除鉑觸媒。將此樹脂溶液中之溶劑進行減壓餾除,同時,添加丙二醇單甲基醚乙酸酯(PGMEA)240g,得到樹脂固體成分濃度60質量%之以PGMEA為溶劑的樹脂溶液。此樹脂溶液之樹脂的分子量,以GPC測量時,以聚苯乙烯換算重量平均分子量35,000。此外,此樹脂溶液100g中添加4官能苯酚化合物的TEP-TPA(旭有機材工業(股)製)5g、四氫苯二甲酸酐(新日本理化(股)製、RIKACID HH-A)0.2g,使用1μm之薄膜過濾器過濾得到熱硬化性含有矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-3)。
[樹脂溶液製作例1]
將重量平均分子量3萬之氫化苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物的熱可塑性樹脂24g溶解於異壬烷176g中,得到12質量%之苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物之異壬烷溶液。將所得之溶液使用0.2μm之薄膜過濾器進行過濾,得到非聚矽氧熱可塑性(不含有熱可塑性有機聚矽氧烷)樹脂之異壬烷溶液(A-1)。
[樹脂溶液製作例2]
在分子側鏈具有0.5莫耳%之乙烯基,數平均分子量(Mn)為3萬之聚二甲基矽氧烷80質量份、及異十二烷400質量份所成之溶液中,添加下述式(M-7)表示之有機氫聚矽氧烷3.0質量份、乙炔基環己醇0.7質量份後進行混合。又,SiH/SiVi之莫耳比為1.1。此外,添加鉑觸媒CAT-PL-5(信越化學工業(股)製)0.5質量份,使用0.2μm之薄膜過濾器過濾,得到熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-1)。相對於此熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-1)100質量份,添加2質量份之作為抗靜電劑之NISSANANON BL(月桂基二甲基胺基乙酸甜菜鹼、日油(股)製),得到添加有抗靜電劑之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-1A)。
[樹脂溶液製作例3]
在由分子側鏈具有0.5莫耳%之乙烯基,數平均分子量(Mn)為3萬之聚二甲基矽氧烷60質量份及在兩末端鏈具有0.15莫耳%之乙烯基,數平均分子量(Mn)為6萬之聚二甲基矽氧烷20質量份、及異十二烷400質量份所成之溶液中,添加前述式(M-7)表示之有機氫聚矽氧烷2.5質量份、乙炔基環己醇0.7質量份進行混合。又,SiH/SiVi之莫耳比為1.2。此外,添加鉑觸媒CAT-PL-5(信越化學工業(股)製)0.5質量份,使用0.2μm之薄膜過濾器過濾,得到熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-2)。相對於此熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-2)100質量份,添加3質量份之作為抗靜電劑之非離子S-207(聚氧乙烯十八烷基醚、日油(股)製),得到添加有抗靜電劑之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-2A)。
[樹脂溶液製作例4]
相對於樹脂合成例1所得之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-1)固體成分100質量份,添加3質量份之作為抗靜電劑之NISSANANON BL(日油(股)製),得到含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-1A)。
[樹脂溶液製作例5]
相對於樹脂合成例2所得之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-2)固體成分100質量份,添加4質量份之作為抗靜電劑之PRONON#202B(聚乙二醇-聚丙二醇-聚乙二
醇(嵌段共聚物)、日油(股)製),得到含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-2A)。
[樹脂溶液製作例6]
相對於樹脂合成例3所得之樹脂溶液(C-3)固體成分100質量份,添加3質量份之作為抗靜電劑之NISSANANON BL(日油(股)製),得到樹脂溶液(C-3A)。
[樹脂溶液製作例7]
將甲基乙基酮400質量份、2-(丙烯醯氧基)乙基三甲基銨.雙(三氟甲烷磺醯基)醯亞胺30質量份、甲基甲基丙烯酸酯60質量份、2-羥基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯10質量份投入具備有攪拌葉片、溫度計、氮氣導入管、冷卻器、滴下漏斗之4口燒瓶內。然後,以80℃、氮環境下攪拌1小時後,投入作為聚合起始劑之2,2'-偶氮雙異丁腈(AIBN)0.2質量份,以80℃反應6小時。然後,投入AIBN 0.1質量份,以80℃反應1小時。然後,在70℃下投入AIBN 0.2質量份,使反應4小時,接著以80℃反應4小時得到聚合物溶液。
相對於聚合物固體成分100質量份,添加2質量份之作為抗靜電劑之NISSANANON BL(日油(股)製),得到聚合物溶液D。
[樹脂溶液製作例8](環氧+抗靜電劑)
相對於環氧樹脂(商品名EOCN1020(日本化藥(股)製))100質量份,添加交聯劑(TEP-TPA(旭有機材工業(股)製))80質量份、硬化促進劑(2PHZ-PW(四國化成工業(股)製)1質量份及環戊酮180質量份,作為固體成分50質量%之溶液,進一步相對於固體成分100質量份,添加2質量份之作為抗靜電劑之NISSANANON BL(日油(股)),使用0.2μm之薄膜過濾器過濾,得到樹脂溶液(E)。
[樹脂之特性測量]測量例1~12
將表1、2所示之樹脂溶液旋轉塗佈於直徑200mm矽晶圓(厚度:725μm)後,以加熱板在150℃加熱5分鐘,形成表1、2所示之膜厚之樹脂膜。評價製得之附樹脂膜之晶圓中之樹脂層的帶電性,結果如表1、2所示。又,帶電性之評價係藉由JIS K 6911(雙環型電極法(double ring electrode method))來進行。
[實施例1~7及比較例1~4]
於表面全面形成有高度10μm、直徑40μm之銅柱(copper post)之直徑200mm矽晶圓(厚度:725μm)上,旋轉塗佈與(A)層對應之非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂溶液(A-1)後,藉由以加熱板於150℃下加熱5分鐘,以表3所示之膜厚,使(A)層成膜於晶圓凸塊形成面。然後,將相當於(B)層之熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物溶液(B-1)、(B-2)、(B-1A)或(B-2A)藉由旋轉塗佈於形成於晶圓上之(A)層上,以表3
所記載之膜厚來形成(B')層。此外,其後,於加熱板上,以150℃下加熱3分鐘。
另外,以直徑200mm(厚度:500μm)之玻璃板作為支撐體,將與(C)層對應之含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物溶液(C-1)、(C-2)、(C-1A)、(C-2A)或(C-3A)旋轉塗佈於此支撐體上,藉由加熱板於150℃下加熱5分鐘,以表3所記載的膜厚,使(C')層形成於玻璃支撐體上。
如此,將此非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(A);於該層(A)上具有由熱硬化性聚矽氧組成物所成之(B')層之矽晶圓、及由含有熱硬化性矽氧烷之組成物所成之(C')層;具有該(C')層之玻璃板;分別使樹脂面((B')層及(C')層)對準,並於真空貼合裝置(EVG社之EVG520IS)內,於10-3mbar以下的減壓條件下,以表3所示之接著溫度條件貼合(使接著),製作晶圓與支撐體經由接著層(樹脂層)接合的晶圓層合體。其次,將(B')層及(C')層以烤箱,在190℃下施予1小時加熱處理使硬化。
又,實施例7除了未形成(B)層外,與實施例1同樣製造層合體,使硬化。又,比較例3、4未形成(C)層,取代(C)層,而於玻璃支撐體上形成(B)層(溶液(D)或(E)),將具有(A)層之矽晶圓與具有(B)層之玻璃板,各自樹脂面((A)層及(B)層)對準貼合外,與實施例1同樣製造層合體,使硬化。
又,在此,為了以目視判別基板接著後之異常,支撐體使用玻璃板,但是本發明中也可使用晶圓等不
透光的矽基板。
然後,對於此被接合後之基板(晶圓層合體),進行下述試驗,實施例及比較例之結果如表3所示。尺寸安定性及帶電性評價之項目以外之其他的項目係如下述所示之評價,途中有異常(判定為「×」)的時點,則停止其後的評價。
-抗靜電性試驗-
藉由JIS K 6911雙環型電極法測量前述晶圓層合體中之接著層(樹脂層)在23℃下之表面固有電阻。評價帶電性效果,1013Ω以上評價為「×」,1012Ω以下評價為「○」,109以下評價為「◎」。
-接著性試驗-
以目視確認前述晶圓層合體中之接著層(樹脂層)之(B')層與(C')層(實施例1~6、比較例1~2)、(A)層與(C')層(實施例7)、(A)層與(B')層(比較例3~4)之界面的接著狀況,於界面未發生氣泡等之異常的情況評價為良好,以「○」表示,發生異常的情況評價為不良,以「×」表示。
-背面研削耐性試驗-
以研磨機(DISCO製、DAG810),使用金剛石研磨石(grindstone)進行矽晶圓之背面研削。最終研磨至基板厚
50μm後,以光學顯微鏡(100倍)調查有無龜裂、剝離等之異常。未發生異常的情況評價為良好,以「○」表示,發生異常的情況評價為不良,以「×」表示。
-CVD耐性試驗-
將矽晶圓進行背面研削後之晶圓層合體,導入CVD裝置中,進行2μm之SiO2膜之生成實驗,以電子顯微鏡調查此時之外觀異常之有無。未發生外觀異常的情形,評價為良好,以「○」表示,有發生空隙、晶圓膨脹、晶圓破損等之外觀異常的情形,評價為不良,以「×」表示。CVD耐性試驗之條件如下述。
裝置名:電漿CVD PD270STL(Samco公司製)
RF500W、內壓40Pa
TEOS(四乙氧基矽烷):O2=20sccm:680sccm
-異物量測量-
針對剝離後之薄型化至50μm之晶圓表面之中心部分及晶圓邊緣部分之兩處,分別以雷射顯微鏡觀察1cm×1cm之區域,對於1μm以上之顆粒進行集合計算。合計之顆粒數為100以下的情形,評價為良好,以「○」表示,超過100的情形,評價為不良,以「×」表示。
-剝離性試驗-
基板之剝離性,首先於將CVD耐性試驗結束後之晶
圓層合體薄型化至50μm的晶圓側,切割框體貼上切割膠帶,藉由真空吸附此切割膠帶面,設置於吸附板上。然後,室溫下,以鑷子拉起玻璃之1點,藉以剝離玻璃基板及接著材。使50μm之晶圓未破裂,可剝離的情況,評價為良好,以「○」表示,發生破裂等之異常的情況,評價為不良,以「×」表示。
-洗淨去除性試驗-
經由前述剝離性試驗終了後之切割膠帶,將被裝設於切割框體之200mm晶圓(處於CVD耐性試驗條件者)之接著層為上面,設置於旋轉塗佈機上,使用作為洗凈溶劑之p-薄荷烷,進行5分鐘噴霧後,邊使晶圓旋轉邊噴霧異丙醇(IPA)進行清洗。然後,觀察外觀,以目視確認有無殘存之接著劑樹脂。未確認有樹脂之殘存者評價為良好,以「○」表示,有部分樹脂之殘存者評價為不良,以「×」表示。
-總合判定-
全部之評價項目為良好者,以「○」表示,評價項目即使一項不良者,以「×」表示。
1‧‧‧裝置晶圓
2‧‧‧複合暫時接著材
(A)‧‧‧非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層(第一暫時接著層)
(B)‧‧‧熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層(第二暫時接著層)
(C)‧‧‧熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層(第三暫時接著層)
3‧‧‧支撐體
Claims (7)
- 一種晶圓加工用接著材,其係含有暫時性黏貼晶圓與支撐體用之矽氧系接著劑的晶圓加工用接著材,其特徵為含有抗靜電劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之晶圓加工用接著材,其中具有(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之晶圓加工用接著材,其中於第二暫時接著層(B)及/或第三暫時接著層(C)中含有抗靜電劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第2或3項之晶圓加工用接著材,其中抗靜電劑之含量係在含有抗靜電劑之暫時接著層中為0.01~10質量%。
- 一種晶圓層合體,其係經由含有矽氧系接著劑層之接著材,貼合晶圓與支撐體的層合體,於前述接著材中含有抗靜電劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之晶圓層合體,其中晶圓層合體為具備:在表面具有電路面之晶圓;具有可剝離被接著於此晶圓之表面之(A)由非聚矽氧熱可塑性樹脂層所成之第一暫時接著層、被層合於此第一暫時接著層之(B)由熱硬化性矽氧聚合物層所成之第二暫時接著層及/或(C)由熱硬化性 矽氧烷改性聚合物層所成之第三暫時接著層之晶圓加工用接著材;可剝離被層合於前述接著材之第二暫時接著層或第三暫時接著層上的支撐體者;且在前述(B)第二暫時接著層及/或(C)第三暫時接著層含有抗靜電劑。
- 一種薄型晶圓之製造方法,其係包含暫時性以如申請專利範圍第1~4項中任一項之接著材黏貼晶圓與支撐體,將晶圓進行薄型加工處理後,將支撐體由被加工後之晶圓剝離的剝離步驟。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI796486B (zh) * | 2018-06-04 | 2023-03-21 | 日商信越化學工業股份有限公司 | 薄型基板之製造方法 |
TWI853521B (zh) * | 2022-04-07 | 2024-08-21 | 南韓商Lg化學股份有限公司 | 用於對半導體進行接合的膜以及使用其之半導體封裝 |
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JP6589766B2 (ja) | 2019-10-16 |
KR102576755B1 (ko) | 2023-09-07 |
US20170053821A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
JP2017039912A (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
EP3133641A1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
CN106467715A (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
US9934996B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
TWI797062B (zh) | 2023-04-01 |
CN106467715B (zh) | 2021-06-04 |
KR20170021744A (ko) | 2017-02-28 |
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