SU1757496A1 - Mode efficiency estimation method for seeds of crops treated by electromagnetic radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in studies to study the effect of physical factors on seeds of agricultural crops, in particular when preparing seeds for sowing. The aim of the invention is to improve accuracy and productivity. When implementing the method, the magnitude of the X-ray radiation absorbed by the shell of the longitudinal section of the middle part of the seed is examined. According to this value, the efficiency of seed processing of agricultural crops by physical factors is judged. In this case, the smaller the value of absorbed x-ray radiation, the more efficient the treatment. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in studies to study the effect of physical factors on seeds of agricultural crops, in particular, in preparing seeds for sowing.

The purpose of the proposed method is to increase accuracy and productivity.

The method for determining the efficiency of processing seeds of agricultural crops by physical factors is carried out as follows.

The treatment of wheat seeds of each batch (Novosibirsk 67) with electromagnetic radiation is carried out on an electronic installation by a field of corona discharge with an average field strength, for example, 3.5 ko / cm with 11 CRP, 2 CRP and 5 CRP modes (CRR - corona-discharge field ). A ten volt-type step-up transformer of the UPG-10 type is used as a voltage source. The duration of one impact on the seeds of an electric field 3.0 - 3.5 seconds.

Samples of seeds of agricultural crops from each lot are exposed to x-rays on an MIR-3 x-ray microscope equipped with a BFB-25 type soft tube.

The design of the device provides operation at a voltage of 10 to 30 kV. and the current strength is from 1 to 50 / i. A. The G-ray tube provides X-rays with a wavelength of 1 A to 10 A.

On days 12–16 after the treatment of the seeds of each sample, mainly from the middle part of each seed studied, flat longitudinal sections are prepared. Flat cut has a thickness of 0.2-0.4 mm.

 The cut is fixed with plasticine on a lavsan substrate on the side that is not exposed to radiation, placed in an x-ray microscope and transferred

move at a constant speed of 0.005 mm / sec in the direction perpendicular to the x-ray beam so that the x-ray beam with a wavelength of 1.5 A occurs through the shell, starting from its outer part to the point of exit to the endosperm region. Movement in an x-ray microscope is automatic.

The X-ray radiation that has passed through the sheath enters the detection device, which converts the X-ray quanta to electrical pulses. The electric pulses go to the H-392 recorder, where it is recorded as a graph with the coordinates: detector (i).

The graph gives an absorption curve (Fig. 1) showing the change in the amount of X-ray radiation that has passed through the different layers of the sheath.

10 - value of x-ray radiation in the absence of absorption;

2 is the magnitude of the X-ray radiation transmitted through the densest layers of the sheath;

h is the amount of x-ray radiation in the endosperm region.

Measurements are made on sections of each test seed of a given sample of the corresponding seed lot.

For each of them get their absorption curve. On these absorption curves, points are determined that correspond to the minimum X-ray radiation that has passed through the densest layers of the sheath. These points correspond to the lo values of each absorption curve.

After that, the average minimum values of this value are presented for all seed samples 2 cf.

The studies were conducted on 30 seed slices, at 5 points of each seed separately for 1 RCC, 2 RCC, and 5 RCC modes.

At the same time, tests were carried out on the sowing qualities of seeds treated with an electric field in the 1CRM, 2 CRP and 5 CRR modes. The results are presented in the table.

Choose the maximum value of the value (11.4 sq / cm) and these modes, as can be seen published columns 4 and 5, the most effective.

As can be seen from table 1,

the value of the cp of X-ray radiation that has passed through the densest layers of the sheath of the shear during processing in the 2CRC mode is larger than during processing in the 1 CRR mode

and the same with mode 5 CRP. Consequently, the magnitude of the X-ray cutoff absorbing the shell when processed in the 2CRD mode is less than when processed in the 1CRD mode and is the same as in the

5PKR. This suggests that the treatment of seeds and agricultural crops in the 2 CRP mode is more efficient than in the 1 CRP mode. No different from RCC mode 2 in terms of transmitted and absorbed X-ray radiation and seed quality, mode 5 CRP is less effective than 2 CRPs, because to achieve the same results, the seeds in this mode must be treated with an electric field 5

times instead of 2.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method for determining the effectiveness of the treatment of seeds of agricultural crops by electromagnetic radiation, including the sampling of seeds from each batch treated with different electromagnetic radiation, affects the seeds with x-rays and records the magnitude of the transmitted radiation, in order to improve the accuracy and performance , of all the seeds of each sample are prepared longitudinal constant thickness flat slices of the average honor of the semen, after which x-rays are applied to these sections, the values of transmitted x-rays through the each slice in the shell zone and determine the minimum value of these values, then the average minimum value for all sections of the sample, compare the obtained average minimum values of the values of all samples, and the processing mode is considered the most effective for the seed lot, the sample of which has the maximum value from of these compared values. Dependence of the amount of X-ray radiation that has passed through the various layers of the shell of a flat longitudinal section of the seed from the mode of seed treatment by physical factors, indicating their sowing qualities