RU57074U1 - CUT-OUT SPHERICAL DISC - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to the working bodies of heavy disc harrows. To increase the service life and high-quality processing of solid soils to a depth of 20 cm, the following constructive solution is proposed: - Geometrical parameters of the disk must be made so that the ratio of the radius of curvature of the disk to its diameter is 0.9 ÷ 1.1, and the width of the jumpers along the edge between cutouts corresponded to 100 ... 110 mm.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to the working bodies of heavy disc harrows.

The known design of a spherical disk made of high-quality structural steel having a smooth edge, a flat bottom, sharpening the cutting edge of the blade from the convex side, the angle formed by the plane of rotation of the disk and grinding 48 ... 52 ° [1].

The disadvantage of this drive is:

- insufficient rigidity and strength when processing heavy meadow and swamp lands.

A known design of a spherical disk made of high-quality structural steel having a smooth edge, a flat bottom, sharpening the cutting edge of the blade from the convex side and annular corrugations in the central part [2].

The disadvantage of this drive is:

- increased complexity of manufacturing hot die forging.

The problem the proposed utility model is aimed at solving:

- creation of a disk with an increased service life for processing solid soils to a depth of 20 cm;

- high-quality tillage.

The technical result of the utility model is the elimination of wear on the convex surface of the disk, the destruction of heavy soil layers, including those with buried tree debris, the elimination of unloading of branches of shrubs, deep loosening and crumbling of the soil.

To achieve the aforementioned task, a spherical notched disk having a sharpening on the convex surface of the disk and a central circular hole is proposed so that the ratio of the radius of curvature of the disk - r to its diameter - d is 0.9 ÷ 1.1, and the width of the jumpers along the edge between the cuts was 100 ... 110 mm.

When the unit moves, the cut-out spherical disks, rotating during operation, cut the strata of heavy soils, capture the stems and roots located on the field surface and push them into the soil, the cutting edge of the disk cuts off a strip of soil and lifts it to the inner spherical surface, then the soil falls and drive away to the side. As a result of moving around the disk and falling, the soil crumbles, turns and mixes.

The proposed disk geometry, in which the ratio r / d = 0.9 ÷ 1.1 with a notched cutting edge, ensures cutting of strata and wood residues after plowing with shrub-bog plows, uprooted logging, destruction of strata after primary plowing of virgin lands, meadows, pastures , loosening to a depth of 20 cm, good crumbling, mixing of soil particles, as well as deep loosening of row-spacing of gardens and forest stands. In addition, subject to this relationship, the nape of the blade acts on the soil, and the convex surface of the disk does not come into contact with the soil, which eliminates wear on the convex surface of the disk. Due to the fact that the disk cuts and pushes a small part of the soil, the traction resistance of the soil is reduced. Changing the value of this ratio negatively affects the performance of the disk. The diameter of the disk must be kept to a minimum, providing the necessary conditions for normal operation at a depth of up to 20 cm, but providing sufficient clearance between the axis of the disk battery and the field surface, as well as eliminating clogging of the space between the disks of the turf and the branches of shrubs. According to experimental data, with this ratio, the following results were obtained:

- the coefficient of reliability of the technological process (cutting layers and wood residues, loosening to a depth of 20 cm, mixing of soil particles, uniform processing depth) one; - processing depth, cm 15.6 ... 19.5;

- failures on kink of disks were not noted.

The radius of curvature of the disk affects the crumbling and turnover of the reservoir. An increase in the radius of curvature (r / d> 1.1) will cause a deterioration in the quality of work, namely, less crumbling and turnover of the formation. According to experimental data:

- the coefficient of reliability of the technological process 0.6 ... 0.8; - processing depth, cm 15.6 ... 19.5;

- failures on kink of disks were not noted

- noted insufficient grinding and mixing of soil particles.

A decrease in the radius of curvature (r / d <0.9) prevents the penetration of disks into the soil. According to experimental data:

- reliability coefficient of the technological process 0.6 ... 0.8; - processing depth, cm 12.5 ... 15.6;

- failures on kink of disks were not noted

- Insufficient deepening of the disks into the soil was noted.

Semicircular cut-out discs produce more soil cuts than solid-blade discs. To ensure the required strength, the width of the jumpers along the cutting edge between the cuts is proposed to be made with a width of 100 ... 110 mm. By reducing the width of the jumper <100 decreases the strength of the disks. With an increase in the width of the bridge> 110, the number of cuts on the disk decreases, therefore, the disks produce fewer cuts of the soil.

The angle formed by the plane of rotation of the disk and sharpening corresponds to 48 ... 52 °. This angle provides cutting soil layers, loosening the soil and complete cutting of weeds.

The spherical notched disk is made of high-quality structural steel and heat treated to a hardness of at least 36.4 HRСе.

The technical result of the utility model is achieved through the use of optimal disk geometry: the ratio of the radius of curvature of the disk - r to its diameter - d is 0.9 ÷ 1.1, and the width of the jumpers along the edge between the cuts is 100 ... 110 mm.

Figure 1 shows the disk and the section along the axis of the disk, which shows: the diameter of the disk is 1, the radius of curvature is 2, and the width of the jumper along the edge between the cuts is 3.

As a result, a disk with the parameters proposed in the utility model provides an increase in the service life, destruction of heavy soil layers, elimination of unloading of branches of shrubs, crumbling and loosening of the soil to a depth of 20 cm.

Literature:

1. OST 23.2.147-85 Details of agricultural machinery. Disks.

2. Reference designer agricultural machinery / Ed. M.I. Kletskina. T.2 - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1967-722 p.

Claims (2)

1. A notched spherical disk having a cutting edge with semicircular cutouts, sharpening from the convex surface of the disk, a central circular hole, an angle formed by the plane of rotation of the disk and grinding, equal to 48 ... 52 °, made of high-quality structural steel, characterized the fact that the ratio of the radius of curvature of the disk to its diameter is 0.9-1.1. 2. The notched spherical disk according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the jumpers along the edge between the cutouts corresponds to 100 ... 110 mm.