RU2812332C1 - Portable cow milking manipulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: portable cow milking manipulator comprises a milk flow sensor (1), a milking machine, a cord (5) connected to a pneumatic cylinder (2), and the cord is attached to a lever interacting with the valve, and comprises a latch (10) interacting with a spring-loaded stopper (13) of the fixation mechanism (11). The float chamber (24) of the milk flow sensor comprises a float (25) with magnets (30, 31) installed inside it, interacting with reed switches. The float comprises an annular recess. The float chamber comprises a cylindrical rod (26) with a projection (27). The cylindrical rod forms a calibrated slot (28) with the bottom of the float chamber with a throughput capacity of 200 ml/min. The milking mechanism (15) of each teat cup (14) comprises a bellows (16), two rods (17), which are connected through hinges (18) to a stop (19), which interacts with the nipple space, the pneumatic cylinder piston comprises a guide (4).

EFFECT: efficiency of machine milking on linear milking machines is increased.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to portable manipulators for milking cows.

A milking machine manipulator is known [1], which includes four milk flow sensors and additional milking mechanisms located on each teat cup, as well as a milking machine that contains two-chamber milk cups with vacuum regulators.

This manipulator is complex in design and causes inconvenience for machine milking operators when installing teat cups on the udder lobes.

A portable manipulator for milking cows is known [2], which includes a milking machine, a control unit attached by means of a connector to the milk line and vacuum line of the milking machine, a milk trap with a float connected through a milk tube to the milk receiving chamber of the collector, a full-wave pulsator, as well as a mechanism for removing the milking machine from the animal's udder at the end of the milking process

This portable manipulator for milking cows, although it provides a change in the vacuum under the teat and removal of the milking machine upon completion of the milking process, is, however, complex in design and not efficient enough in operation, since it does not provide machine milking.

A portable linear milking machine manipulator is known [3], containing a milk flow sensor with a spool switch, a pneumatic cylinder connected by a cable to the milking machine, which contains two-chamber milking cups with vacuum regulators and additional milking mechanisms, a four-chamber manifold with floats.

This portable manipulator of a linear milking unit, although it provides additional milking for each udder lobe, is, however, complex in design and unreliable in operation.

The closest to the invention is a portable cow milking manipulator [4], containing a float milk flow sensor, the control unit of which contains a magnet and reed switches electrically connected to pneumatic solenoid valves, a pneumatic cylinder connected by a cable to the milking machine, which contains two-chamber milking cups with a milking mechanism, made on each teat cup.

This portable manipulator, although it provides additional milking for each lobe of the udder with the required force and in the direction of the natural direction of the teat, is however unreliable in operation due to possible braking of the shaft with the magnet when turning it.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of machine milking on linear milking machines

The technical solution is that magnets are installed inside the milk flow sensor float, and in the sensor body there are reed switches electrically connected to pneumatic solenoid valves, in the cover there is a switching reed switch electrically connected to the solenoid valve, in addition, LEDs of different colors are included in the control circuit, providing light indication of mode activation milking.

The invention will be understood from the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In fig. 1 shows the proposed portable milking manipulator, general view; in fig. 2 milk flow sensor; fig. 3 solenoid valve; fig. 4 pneumatic cylinder; fig. 5 milk flow sensor when control mode is turned on; fig. 6 solenoid valve when the control mode is turned on.

The portable milking manipulator (Fig. 1) contains a milk flow sensor 1, a pneumatic cylinder 2, the piston 3 of which is connected to the guide 4 by a cord 5 with a double-armed lever 6, hingedly attached to the manifold 7. The other end of the double-armed lever is connected to the valve 8. Cord 5 passes through the ring 9 and contains a lock 10. The pneumatic cylinder 2 contains a locking mechanism 11, with a spring-loaded stopper 12 12.

Each milking cup 14 contains a milking mechanism 15, the actuating element of which is made in the form of a bellows 16, rods 17, which are connected by means of hinges 18 with a stop 19, to interact with the isolamapillary space of the animal's udder.

Milk flow sensor 1 is connected: by a milk hose 20 to a manifold 7; a milk hose 21 with a milk line 22 and is rigidly attached to the connector 23. The milk flow sensor 1 contains a float chamber 24 with a float 25 and with a cylindrical rod 26 located in it with a protrusion 27. The cylindrical rod 26 forms a calibrated slot 28 with the bottom of the float chamber 24, allowing passage the capacity of which is 200 ml/min.

When the float chamber 24 is filled with milk and the float 25 moves upward, it lifts the cylindrical rod 26 by the protrusion 27 and thereby increases the calibrated slot 28 and the milk flows through the milk hose 21 into the milk line 22.

In the upper part of the float 25 there is an annular recess 29, the diameter of which exceeds the diameter of the protrusion 27, and the depth is equal to its height. There is 25 inside the float, in its lower part there is a magnet 30, and in the upper part there is a magnet 31.

In the cover 32 of the milk flow sensor 1 there is a switching reed switch 33 (type KEM-3), the contacts of which are electrically connected: I contact (Fig. 2) - with block 34 (Fig. 1), II contact (Fig. 2) - with green LED 35 (Fig. 1) and then block 34; Contact III (Fig. 2) - with an electric valve 36 (Fig. 1), which is electrically connected to a blue LED 37. Block 34 is electrically connected through a contact plate 38 to a source of electrical energy - 12 V (not shown in the diagram) and contains a power button 39.

In the housing 40 of the milk flow sensor 1 on the side of the magnet 30 of the float 25, reed switches 41 and 42 (type KEM-2) are located at different heights. Moreover, the magnetic field of the magnet 30 affects the reed switch 42 when the float 25 is positioned in the float chamber 24 (in height) at a milk flow rate of 600 ml/min, and with the reed switch 41 at the lower position of the float 25, at a milk flow rate of 200 ml/min. Reed switches 41 and 42, on the one hand, are electrically connected to contact 43 of the electric valve 36, and on the other, respectively: the reed switch 42 with an orange LED 44 and then with the pneumatic electric valve 45; reed switch 41 with a red LED 46 and then with a pneumatic electrovalve 47. Pneumoelectric valves 45 and 47 are electrically connected to block 34.

Pneumatic electric valves 45 and 47 on one side are connected by a vacuum hose 48 to a vacuum line 49, and on the other side they are respectively connected: pneumatic electric valve 45 by means of a vacuum hose 50 with a distributor 51 and then by vacuum hoses 52 with additional milking mechanisms 15 of each teat cup 14; pneumoelectric valve 47 vacuum hose 53 with pneumatic cylinder 2.

The electrovalve 36 contains a solenoid 54 rigidly connected to the pusher 55, a contact washer 56 and a rod 57. Moreover, the rod 57 contains a handle 58 and is spring-loaded by a spring 59, and the contact washer 56 is spring-loaded by a spring 60 (Fig. 3). In the housing 61 of the electric valve 36 there is a winding 62 and contacts 43 and 63. A groove 64 is made in the pusher 55.

Pneumatic cylinder 2 (Fig. 1) contains a bracket 65, through which it is mounted on a stand 66.

Pneumoelectric valves 45 and 47 respectively contain filters 67 and 68, which prevent the entry of pollutants from the environment into the pneumatic electrovalves 45 and 47, the pneumatic cylinder 2 and the bellows 16 of the milking mechanism 15.

In the float chamber 24, on the side of the reed switches 41 and 42, a tide 69 is made along its entire height (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), and the float 25 is truncated in height along a chord 70 equal to the width of the tide 69. This design of the float chamber 24 and float 25 prevents rotation of the float 25 and its magnets 30 and 31 when operating relative to the reed switches 41, 42 and 33, respectively.

The pulsator 71 is connected by a vacuum hose 72 to the variable vacuum distributor 73 and then to the interwall chambers of the milking cups 14.

From the spontaneous movement of the piston 3 (Fig. 4) from the guide 4 in the cavity 74 of the pneumatic cylinder 2 and the lowering of the manifold 7 (Fig. 1) with the teat cups 14, the cord 5 (Fig. 4) is held rigidly attached to it by the latch 10, interacting with the spring-loaded spring 12, stopper 13 with handle 75.

The portable cow milking manipulator works as follows.

The pneumatic cylinder 2 (Fig. 1) is installed by means of a bracket 65 on the rack 66 and the milk flow sensor 1 is connected to the milk line 22 and the vacuum line 49 of the milking unit via a connector 23 (not shown in the diagram). Block 34 is connected to a source of electrical energy via a contact plate 38 (not shown in the diagram).

The vacuum from the vacuum line 22 through the milk hose 21 enters the milk molasses sensor 1 and then through the milk hose 20 to the collector 7.

At the same time, vacuum from the vacuum line 49 enters: into the pulsator 71 and then through the vacuum hose 72 into the variable vacuum distributor 73 and then into the interwall chambers (not shown in the diagram) of the milking cups 14; via vacuum hose 48 to pneumatic electric valves 45 and 47.

At the same time, atmospheric air enters: through the filter 67 and the pneumatic electric valve 45 through the vacuum hose 50 through the distributor 51 through the vacuum hoses 52 into the bellows 16 of the retraction mechanisms 15 of each milking cup 14; through filter 68 and pneumatic electrovalve 47 along vacuum hose 53 to pneumatic cylinder 2.

In the initial position, contacts 63 (Fig. 3) and 43 are open, since under the action of the spring 60, the contact washer 56, the pusher 55 and the solenoid 54 occupy the extreme right position in the housing 61 of the electrovalve 36.

The power button 39 (Fig. 1) of block 34 closes the electrical circuit and electrical energy enters block 34 from the source of electrical energy. Since at this moment contacts I and II of the switching reed switch 33 (Fig. 2) are closed, electrical energy is supplied to the green LED 35 (Fig. 1), which lights up and signals that the milk flow sensor 1 is ready to control the milking process. At the initial moment, electrical energy is not supplied to the reed switches 41 (Fig. 1) and 42, since the contacts 63 (Fig. 3) and 43 of the electric valve 36 are open. The float 25 (Fig. 1) in the float chamber 24 is in the lower position and its magnet 30 with its magnetic field acts on the reed switch 41, closing its contacts, but electrical energy is not supplied to the pneumatic solenoid valve 47.

Holding by hand, the manifold 7 with milking cups 14 is disengaged from the lock 10 (Fig. 4), the stopper 13 is removed with the handle 75, overcoming the resistance of the spring 12, releasing the cord 5. Since the cavity 74 of the pneumatic cylinder 2 is through the filter 68 (Fig. 1) and The pneumoelectric valve 47 is connected to the atmosphere, then when the milking cups 14 are moved to the animal’s udder (not shown in the diagram), the piston 3 is moved down with the guide 4.

The milking cups 14 are brought to the udder, the valve 8 of the manifold 7 is opened and installed on the udder lobes (not shown in the diagram). The vacuum enters the manifold 7 and then through the milk tubes into the nipple chambers (not shown in the diagram) of the milking cups 14.

The milking process begins. Milk from the milk cups 14 through the milk pipes enters the collector 7 and then through the milk hose 20 into the float chamber 24 of the milk flow sensor 1, from where through the calibrated slot 28 (if the milk flow intensity does not exceed 200 ml/min.) through the milk hose 21 in milk line 22.

When the milk flow intensity increases above 200 ml/min, the milk does not have time to be evacuated through the calibrated slot 28 and the float chamber 24 is filled with milk. The float 25 (Fig. 5) with magnets 30, 31 floats up and lifts the cylindrical rod 26 by the protrusion 27, increasing the calibrated slot 28 and the milk flows through the milk hose 21 (Fig. 1) into the milk line 22. At the same time, the protrusion 27 (Fig. 5 ) of the cylindrical rod 26 is located in the annular recess 29 of the float 25.

When the float 25 is in the upper position, its magnet 31 acts with a magnetic field on the switching reed switch 33, while contacts I and II open - the green LED goes out, and contacts I and III close and electrical energy is supplied to the electrovalve 36 (Fig. 1). When electrical energy enters the winding 62 (Fig. 6) of the electrovalve 36, the magnetic field created by the winding 62 acts on the solenoid 54, which moves to the left with the pusher 55 and the contact washer 56. In this case, the contact washer 56 compresses the spring 60 and closes the contacts 63 and 43 and electrical energy is supplied to the reed switches 41 (Fig. 1), 42 and the blue LED 37, and it lights up informing the machine milking operator that the milk flow sensor 1 has switched to the automatic milk flow control mode.

At the same time, under the action of the spring 59 (Fig. 6), the rod 57 moves down and enters the groove 64 of the pusher 55, fixing the contact washer 56 in the closed position of contacts 63 and 43.

When the intensity of the flow of milk entering the float chamber 24 (Fig. 1) decreases, the float 25 lowers due to a decrease in the level of milk in the float chamber 24. At the same time, the cylindrical rod 26 is lowered with it, forming a calibrated slot 28 with the bottom of the float chamber 24, and the milk flow sensor 1 begins to monitor the intensity of the milk flow. At the same time, the magnetic field of the magnet 31 of the float 25 ceases to affect the switching reed switch 33 (Fig. 2). In this case, contacts: I and III open and electrical energy does not flow to the electrovalve 36 (Fig. 1); I and II (Fig. 2) close - the green LED lights up. The green 35 (Fig. 1) and blue 37 LEDs light up simultaneously, informing that the milk flow sensor 1 begins to monitor the flow of milk.

When the intensity of the milk flow decreases to 600 ml/min, the float 25 takes a position in which its magnet 30 is installed at the level of the reed switch 42 and, under the influence of its magnetic field, the reed switch 42 is activated, closing the electrical circuit. In this case, electrical energy is supplied to the pneumatic electrovalve 45 and to the orange LED 44, which lights up and informs about the start of the machine milking mode. When electricity is supplied to the pneumatic electric valve 45, it is triggered and the vacuum of their vacuum line 49 through the vacuum hoses 48 through the pneumatic electric valve 45 through the vacuum hose 50, the distributor 51 and the vacuum hoses 52 enters the milking mechanism 15 of each milking cup 14. When a vacuum enters, the bellows 16 are compressed and through the rods 17 and hinges 18 act on the stops 19. Due to the fact that the stops 19 interact with the periosal space, with further compression of the bellows 16, the milking cups 14 are lowered down, that is, each lobe of the udder is pulled back individually. If at the same time the intensity of the milk flow increases and the level of milk in the float chamber 24 increases, then the float 25 with a magnet 30 moves upward and its magnetic field does not affect the reed switch 42, the circuit opens and machine milking stops. When the milk flow intensity decreases again to 600 ml/min, the machine milking mode is switched on again, that is, the “tracking” mode of machine milking is carried out.

If the intensity of the milk flow does not increase, then the float 25 with a magnet 30 goes down and its magnetic field does not affect the reed switch 42, the circuit opens and machine milking stops and the orange LED 44 stops glowing.

When the intensity of the milk flow decreases to 200 ml/min, the float 25 occupies the lower position, in which its magnet 30 is installed at the level of the reed switch 41 and, under the influence of its magnetic field, the reed switch 31 is activated, closing the electrical circuit. Electrical energy is supplied to the pneumatic electrovalve 47 and to the red LED 46, which lights up, informing about the start of removing the teat cups 14 from the animal’s udder. When electricity is supplied to the pneumatic electric valve 47, it is triggered and the vacuum from the vacuum line 49 through the vacuum hose 48 through the pneumatic electric valve 47 through the vacuum hose 53 enters the pneumatic cylinder 2. Under the influence of vacuum, the piston 3 with the guide 4 moves upward, drawing in the cord 5. When the cord 5 is tensioned , the pneumatic cylinder 2 is rotated by the bracket 65 on the rack 66 and deviates from the vertical position in the direction of the teat cups 14. The cord 5, when pulled, acts on the double-armed lever 6, which with the valve 8 closes the access of vacuum to the manifold 7, that is, it disconnects the nipple chambers of the teat cups 14 from the vacuum . With further movement of the cord 5, the milking cups 14 are removed from the cow's udder. The movement of the piston 3 with the guide 4 and the cord 5 with the collector 7 and the teat cups 14 occurs before the lock 10 (Fig. 4) is fixed by the stopper 13. Since the cord 5 (Fig. 1) passes through the ring 9, which is attached to the center of the distributor 51, then when removing the milking cups 14, their maximum distance from the floor surface is ensured.

Then press button 39, disconnecting unit 34 from the source of electrical energy. The handle 58 of the electrovalve 36 pulls the rod 57, which comes out of the groove 64 (Fig. 6) of the pusher 55 and under the action of the spring 60 (Fig. 3), the contact washer 56, the pusher 55 and the solenoid 54 move to the right, opening contacts 63 and 43. The block 34 (Fig. 1) is disconnected from the contact plate 38 and the milk flow sensor 1 via connector 23 from the milk line 22 and the vacuum line 49, the pneumatic cylinder 2 is removed from the rack 66 and the milking manipulator is transferred to the next cow.

Information sources

1. SU 1750511 C1, 5 A01J 7/00, 07/30/1992 Milking machine manipulator.

2. RU 2348149 C1, A01J 7/00 (2006.01), 03/10/2009 Portable manipulator for milking cows.

3. RU 2151499 C1 A01J 7/00, 5/007, 06/27/2000 Portable manipulator for linear milking unit.

4. RU 2801542 C1, A01J 5/007 (2023.05), 08/10/2023 Portable manipulator for milking cows.

Claims (1)

A portable manipulator for milking cows, containing a milk flow sensor, a milking machine, connected by a cord to a pneumatic cylinder, and the cord is attached to a lever interacting with the valve, and contains a latch interacting with a spring-loaded stopper of the fixation mechanism, the float chamber of the milk flow sensor contains a float with installed inside it magnets, interacting with reed switches, the upper magnet interacts with the reed switch located in the sensor cover, at the beginning of milking when the milk flow rate exceeds 200 ml/min and the float chamber is filled and is electrically connected to the solenoid valve, the lower magnet interacts with the reed switches, which are located in the housing sensor, in such a way that the interaction of the magnet with the upper reed switch occurs at a milk flow rate of 600 ml/min, and with the lower reed switch - at the lower position of the float, corresponding to the milk flow rate of 200 ml/min; green, blue, orange LEDs are included in the control circuit and red color, providing light indication of the inclusion of milking modes, the float contains an annular recess, the float chamber contains a cylindrical rod with a protrusion and the cylindrical rod forms a calibrated slot with the bottom of the float chamber with a throughput of 200 ml/min, pneumatic electric valves contain filters and are connected on one side to a vacuum line, and on the other, one pneumatic electrovalve is connected to the milking mechanism of the teat cup, and the other is connected to a pneumatic cylinder, the milking mechanism of each teat cup contains a bellows, two rods, which are connected by means of hinges to a stop that interacts with the isola-mammillary space, the piston of the pneumatic cylinder contains a guide.