RU2734753C1 - Small underground metro station complex with single central entrance hall - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of small-scale underground metro stations. Station complex of underground metro with a single central vestibule comprises several tiers of passenger and technological zones, including landing passenger platforms for passengers boarding and disembarking from subway cars located at the lower underground level, zones for transfer of passengers, central lobby with a ticket office with possibility of separation into two compartments by means of a fire partition installed with possibility of its lifting and lowering, and passenger entry/exit pavilions at ground level. Levels of the station complex are interconnected by staircases and lifting-transport equipment. Central entrance hall with the hall and entrance turnstiles are located in the upper underground level. Output turnstiles are located in entrance/exit pavilions at ground level. Entrances to escalators intended for descent of passengers are located in centre of passenger zone behind entrance turnstiles of central lobby at upper underground level, and their outlets are located in central part of landing passenger platforms. Entrances to escalators intended for lifting passengers from passenger platforms are arranged in end parts of passenger platforms, and their outlets are located on edges of passenger zone of vestibule of upper underground level. Lobby of the upper underground level is equipped with a fire roller, the lowering of which allows dividing the station complex into two independent parts.EFFECT: technical result consists in providing maximum capacity and throughput capacity with limited dimensions of metro station complex in conditions of dense urban development, as well as avoiding intersections of passenger traffic from entrances to the station to landing platforms and to exit from the metro station at peak load.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of shallow metro station complexes.

It is known that subway station complexes of shallow (up to 20 meters) laying include station, service and special additional structures erected by an open method in a vertical excavation (foundation pit) with a full opening of the day surface, for example, by preliminary execution of excavation excavations followed by the construction of the traditional structure. ways (Tunnels and subways. Volkov V.P., Naumov S.N., Pirozhkova A.N., Khrapov V.G., ed. 2nd revised and additional Moscow, "Transport", 1975, pp. 408-412, 494-500, 502).

The disadvantage of such shallow metro station complexes is the considerable length of the stations, because at a shallow depth of their foundation, the station service facilities of the subway are located linearly with respect to the passenger platforms, and not vertically. The unused free underground space remains only above the platform part, which, as a rule, is also not used and is backfilled with soil, since it is cut off at the ends by the metro lobbies. This approach to the construction of shallow metro station complexes is not optimal in conditions of dense urban development.

Known subway station complex shallow, including a station with overlap, beams and columns, with a platform section with train and passenger zones and with a sub-platform space, underground lobbies with pedestrian crossings and staircases, stairs or escalators for descending to the platform, traction-lowering substation , a station ventilation chamber, a blow-out ventilation block and a block for the passage, cable collectors and smoke exhaust ducts (RF patent for useful model No. 104202, publ. from 05/10/2011 Bull. No. 13).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that in the specified station complex of the shallow metro, the lobby areas are single spaces that collect all passengers at the entrance and exit, while the entrance and exit turnstiles are located on the same level in a single hall of each of the lobbies. This leads to limitation of passenger traffic at peak load.

There is a known method of organizing the movement of passengers in a shallow metro station complex, through which passengers enter the ticket office of the station complex at the ground level, pass into the lobby at the upper underground level and go down stairs or escalators to the platform section at the lower underground level and then land at subway trains. The exit of passengers from the station is carried out in a similar way: passengers go to the platform section, climb stairs or escalators to the lobby and then go to the exit. This method is implemented in the device of a shallow metro station complex, including a multi-tiered arrangement of passenger and

technological zones, while on the ground level there are passenger entry / exit pavilions with a checkout hall located in them, at the intermediate level there is a lobby with passages for passengers and boarding passenger platforms for embarking and disembarking passengers from subway cars located on the lower underground level (Patent RF for utility model No. 103818, publ. Dated 04/27/2011, bull. No. 12).

The disadvantage of this method of organizing the movement of passengers is that the loading of the shallow metro station complex is carried out from the ends of the platforms. For objects with large passenger traffic (more than 30 thousand passengers / hour), this solution is not optimal, since there are intersections of large groups of passenger traffic on long sections.

Known subway station complex of a shallow location with a single central lobby, including a multi-tiered arrangement of passenger and technological zones, while on the ground level there are pavilions for the entrance / exit of passengers and a single central lobby, with a cash hall located in it, in the form of a single space and the possibility of ensuring separation it into two compartments, by means of a fire-prevention shutter (partition), installed with the possibility of its lifting and lowering, passenger boarding platforms for embarking and disembarking passengers from subway cars, located on the lower underground level, and zones for the passage of passengers located on the upper underground level, when At this, the movement of passengers in the station complex from and to the boarding passenger platforms is provided from the ends of the passenger platforms, escalators for descent and ascent of passengers between different levels of the station complex are grouped into single blocks, the levels of the station complex are also interconnected by staircases (RF patent for utility model No. 146088, publ. from 27.09.2014, Bul. No. 27).

The disadvantage of this metro station complex is the simultaneous descent and ascent of passengers only from the ends of the landing platforms, for which the escalators for descent and ascent are grouped into single blocks, as well as the organization of the passage of passengers through the turnstiles of the lobbies of the entrance / exit pavilions in a single central lobby on the same level, which can lead to the emergence of the intersection of large groups of passenger flows on long sections of crossings and in a single central lobby.

The technical result that can be obtained by the implementation of the proposed invention is to achieve maximum capacity and throughput with limited dimensions of the metro station complex in dense urban development, as well as the elimination of intersections of passenger flows from the entrances to the station to the landing platforms and to the exit from the metro station at peak load.

To achieve this result, a shallow metro station complex with a single central lobby, containing several tiers of passenger and technological zones, including boarding passenger platforms for embarking and disembarking passengers from subway cars, located on the lower underground level, passenger transit zones, a central lobby a checkout hall with the ability to ensure its division into two compartments, by means of a fire-prevention roller shutter installed with the possibility of lifting and lowering it, and the entry / exit pavilions of passengers on the ground level, while the levels of the station complex are interconnected by stairways and lifting and transport equipment, according to inventions, a single central lobby, with a cash hall and entrance turnstiles located in it, is located in the upper underground level, exit turnstiles are located in the entrance / exit pavilions on the ground level, entrances to escalators intended for passengers are located in the center of the passenger area behind the entrance turnstiles of the central lobby on the upper underground level, and their exits are located in the central part of the passenger boarding platforms, the entrances to escalators designed to lift passengers from passenger platforms are located in the end parts of the passenger platforms, and their exits are located at the edges of the passenger area of the upper underground level lobby, while the upper underground level lobby is equipped with a fire-prevention roller shutter, the descent of which allows the station complex to be divided into two independent parts.

Introduction to the proposed station complex of a shallow underground with a single central lobby of a single central lobby, with a checkout room and entrance turnstiles located in it, located in the upper underground level, exit turnstiles located in the entrance / exit pavilions on the ground level, entrances to escalators for the descent of passengers and located in the center of the passenger area behind the entrance turnstiles of the central lobby on the upper underground level, and their exits located in the central part of the boarding passenger platforms, entrances to escalators intended for lifting passengers from passenger platforms and located in the end parts of passenger platforms, and their exits, located at the edges of the passenger area of the upper underground level lobby, as well as supplying the upper underground level lobby with a fire-prevention roller shutter, the descent of which allows the station complex to be divided into two independent parts, allows to obtain a new property, which consists in a more rational and safer cross-traffic of passenger flows within the metro station due to the uniform dispersion of separate entrances and exits throughout the station complex with the arrangement of entry and exit turnstiles at different levels, while the entrance zone in a single central lobby on the upper underground level has accumulation area in the passenger area in front of the turnstiles and provides only for the movement of passengers to enter the station, the exit from the landing platforms is organized in transit through the central lobby, which is located on the intermediate upper underground level between the ground and lower underground levels, and the exit turnstiles and accumulation zones are located on the ground level directly in front of the exit doors from the metro station, as well as with a clear arrangement of escalators in accordance with the loading of the boarding platforms by passengers on boarding and disembarking from the train, which ensures the complete elimination of cross sections of passenger flows from the entrances to the station to the landing platforms and to the exit from the metro station at peak load with the dispersal of the main passenger flows at different levels and the achievement of maximum capacity and throughput with the limited dimensions of the metro station complex in a dense urban environment.

The proposed invention of a shallow metro station complex with a single central lobby is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of the station complex, FIG. 2 shows a plan at the level of the landing platforms located on the lower underground level; FIG. 3 shows a plan at the level of a single central lobby located on the upper underground level; FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of the station complex:

1 - arrival platform of the prevailing transport and passenger flows;

2 - platform for the departure of the prevailing transport and passenger flows;

3 - railway tracks;

4 - escalators working upward (exit zone from the station);

5 - escalators working downhill;

6 - lifting and transporting equipment (escalators or travolators), working on the rise;

7 - staircase slopes of the transition bridge;

8 - single central lobby;

9 - fire-prevention roller shutter dividing the central lobby into separate parts (fire compartments);

10 - entrance / exit pavilions;

11 - weekend turnstiles;

12 - entrance turnstiles.

The proposed shallow metro station complex with a single central lobby is carried out in the described device as follows.

The shallow metro station complex with a single central lobby is designed with a tiered arrangement of passenger and technological zones. The passenger areas are located on several levels and include landing platforms 1 and 2 on the lower tier, a single central lobby 8 in the upper underground tier and in the ground entrance / exit pavilions 10.

The organization of passenger traffic in the station complex is carried out with dispersal of passengers at ground level and at the level of passenger platforms 1 and 2. At the same time, in the central zone of the station at the upper underground level, passenger traffic is grouped in a single central lobby 8. In the longitudinal section of the station complex, the organization of passenger traffic is (X-shaped) scheme: the zones of entrances and exits on the surface of the earth 10 and on platforms 1 and 2 are dispersed, in the central vestibule 8 the passenger paths are collected into a single space of the passenger zone. Hoisting and transport equipment collects passengers from dispersed zones of platforms 1 and 2 and delivers them to a single central area in lobby 8. Exits from lobbies 10 to the surface with exit turnstiles 11 are dispersed to meet evacuation requirements.

Passenger traffic routes at the entrance to the station are provided for the following route. Passengers at ground level enter through ground entry / exit pavilions 10, dispersed along the ends of the station complex. From the entrance / exit lobby pavilions 10, passengers descend into the passenger area of the central lobby 8, located in the upper underground level, where the ticket offices are located. In this area, passengers pass through the entrance turnstiles 12 to the escalators operating on the descent 5. Escalators 5 are located in groups in each side of the central lobby 8. Passengers go down the escalators 5 to passenger platforms 1 and 2 located on the lower underground level.

Passenger traffic routes when leaving the station are provided for the following route. Passengers at the level of platforms 1 and 2 rise by escalators 4 from the dispersed zones of the ends of the boarding passenger platforms 1 and 2 (from the first and third third of the platforms) to the passenger area of the central lobby 8, from where passengers are lifted by lifting and transport equipment 6 (escalators or travelators operating on rise) or stairs to ground level to entrance / exit pavilions 10 with exit turnstiles. In pavilions 10, passengers pass through exit turnstiles 11, which prevent unauthorized passage of passengers through the exit zone.

The central vestibule 8 on the upper underground level is divided, if necessary, into several compartments by a fire-prevention roller shutter 9 or gates so that passenger flows from the end dispersed zones of platforms 1 and 2 do not intersect in a single space of the vestibule volume.

This organization of passenger traffic is most relevant for stations with short-term peak load. The novelty lies in the fact that earlier the vestibules of shallow stations were made with end vestibules. Passengers left the stations sequentially from the platform to the outside. In this solution, all passenger flows are collected in a single central lobby 8 at the intermediate level (between the ground and lower underground levels) and then distributed in different directions. At the same time, the layout makes it possible to optimize the planning structure of the station by creating unified general groups of vestibules (central and entrance / exit pavilions) at different levels.

The advantages of the layout solution are the ability to operate a single central lobby in several modes:

- at peak load in the lobby, the entire usable area is used, all dispersed exits to the surface work;

- under normal operating load, the operation of that part is possible, which is sufficient for comfortable passage of passengers.

At the same time, the modernization of the passenger lobby space is due to the division of the central lobby 8 (cash register and escalator hall) into independent parts (or fire compartments) due to transformable roller shutters (partitions or gates).

The station is intended for sections of the metro line with double-track tunnels and provides passenger traffic up to 30,000 passengers per hour on each platform. The depth of the station is justified by the depth of the double-track tunnel boring - 17 ... 19 m from the ground level to the level of the rail head. The station is specially adapted for the urban planning situation, taking into account variable peak loads at the entrance and at the exit (during the period of mass events, a peak exit from the station is planned before the start, and after the end of the event - peak indicators at the entrance), as well as the conditions of limited space for the construction of metro station complexes shallow in the conditions of dense urban development. At the same time, this method of organizing the movement of passengers takes into account the peripheral location of the object in the transport infrastructure system and, accordingly, the maximum passenger flows prevail on specific platforms: on the arrival platform from the city center (or the zone of prevailing transport and passenger flows) the maximum passenger flows to the exit, and on the departure platform towards the city center (or the zone of prevailing transport and passenger flows) - for landing.

As a result, the presented shallow station has a maximum capacity and throughput for these dimensions - a total of up to 60,000 passengers per hour at the entrance and exit. Each platform is designed for a peak load of up to 30,000 passengers per hour to board or exit.

Sources of information taken into account when preparing the application:

1. Tunnels and subways. Volkov V.P., Naumov S.N., Pirozhkova A.N., Khrapov V.G., ed. 2nd revised and add. Moscow, "Transport", 1975, pp. 408-412, 494-502.

2. RF patent for a useful model No. 104202, publ. from 10.05.2011, Bul. No. 13

3. RF patent for useful model No. 103818, publ. from 04/27/2011, Bul. No. 12.

4. RF patent for useful model No. 146088, publ. from 27.09.2014, Bul. # 27 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A shallow metro station complex with a single central lobby, containing several tiers of passenger and technological zones, including boarding passenger platforms for embarking and disembarking passengers from subway cars, located on the lower underground level, areas for passenger passage, a central lobby with a checkout hall with the possibility of ensuring its division into two compartments by means of a firewall, installed with the possibility of its lifting and lowering, and pavilions for the entry / exit of passengers at the ground level, while the levels of the station complex are interconnected by staircases and lifting and transport equipment, characterized in that a single the central lobby with the cash hall and entrance turnstiles located in it is located in the upper underground level, the exit turnstiles are located in the entrance / exit pavilions on the ground level, the entrances to the escalators intended for the descent of passengers are located in the center ntre of the passenger area behind the entrance turnstiles of the central lobby on the upper underground level, and their exits are located in the central part of the boarding passenger platforms, the entrances to escalators intended for lifting passengers from passenger platforms are located in the end parts of the passenger platforms, and their exits are located along the edges of the passenger platform. lobby areas of the upper underground level, while the lobby of the upper underground level is equipped with a fire-prevention roller shutter, the descent of which allows dividing the station complex into two parts independent from each other.

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