RU2726813C1 - Christmas tree control cabinet - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil, gas and coke-chemical industries.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to oil and gas industry and can be used in development of devices for automatic control of technological processes of wells operation of hydrocarbon raw material deposits, mainly, gas or gas condensate ones. Disclosed is a control cabinet of a Christmas tree, comprising a cabinet made of sheet metal, in which a hydraulic system is installed to control the Christmas tree and the underground well shutoff valve. Housing of the cabinet is divided into a control compartment with an operator panel and a compartment for accommodating the main hydraulic equipment. Inside the above cabinet there is a hydraulic system for control of Christmas tree and underground well shutoff valve, containing devices of instrumentation and automated control systems, actuators, low and high pressure pilot distributors with a drive and with cavities of inlet, outlet and drain, installed both along the control line of the root and side gates, and along the underground cutoff valve control line, wherein in the hydraulic system pressure accumulators are connected, connected to the hydraulic fluid tank, pumps, pressure regulators, multiplying gear and pipelines for supply of hydraulic fluid to actuators of side and root radars, underground cutoff valve. Hydraulic equipment of hydraulic fluid pressure control line in actuators of gate valves, underground cutoff valve, which contains mainly reduction valve, safety valve, shutoff needle valves of main lines and drainage, check valves, is mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt and (or) cartridge mounting. In the plate there are corresponding internal channels for supply, removal of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as line for connection of instrumentation. Low-pressure pilot distributors included in the logic circuit of the well control and monitoring well shutdown during melting of the fusible inserts with increase or decrease of pressure in the high and low pressure control valves circuit, as well as low-pressure pilot distributors, which determine the sequence of opening and manual process or emergency shutdown of actuators of gate valves and underground cutoff valve, are combined into one block of low pressure distributors. In said unit, distributors are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt joint, wherein appropriate inner channels for supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid and drain as well as instrumentation connection line are made in said plate.EFFECT: due to the possibility of outputting information on the Christmas tree equipment and the control cabinet state to the operator panel, the Christmas tree control in interactive mode and placement of the equipment of the valve unit in the cover, higher reliability of the control cabinet operation as a whole and simplification of its design and installation.4 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used in the development of devices for automatic control of technological processes of operation of wells of a hydrocarbon field, mainly gas or gas condensate.

There is a known method of X-mas tree control and a device for its implementation, which consists in opening / closing shut-off and control valves by supplying a working fluid to the mechanisms of drives of an underground shut-off valve (hereinafter - PKO), lateral (hereinafter - BZ) and stem valves (hereinafter - SZ ) using a control cabinet (hereinafter - ШУ). As a control unit, a software and hardware complex with a local control panel containing a monitor with touch control for entering commands in an interactive mode and a local keyboard is used. Due to the possibility of displaying information about the state of the Christmas tree equipment (hereinafter referred to as the FA) and the control box on the operator panel and the implementation of the FA control in an interactive mode, the increased reliability of the control cabinet and the simplification of its design are achieved. (RF patent for invention No. 2453683, application: No. 2011103496/03, dated 02.02.2011, IPC: Е21В 43/12, G05B 19/409 - prototype).

The control cabinet of the specified module provides a predetermined algorithm for the operation of all valves in automatic mode, which consists in opening the shut-off and control valves in the following sequence: underground shut-off valve, stem valve, side valve, closing - in reverse order by releasing pressure from the mechanisms of the underground valve drives - cutter, side and stem valves. In addition, with the help of the control unit, the following functions are performed: control of the equipment of the Christmas tree BZ, SZ, PKO using valves; formation and output of information on the operator panel about the state of the FA equipment and the station; monitoring the health of pressure sensors, temperature sensors and solenoid valves; control of the oil level in the hydraulic tank; formation of information for presentation on the operator panel; receiving control signals from the operator panel; information exchange with APCS.

The main disadvantages are the significant complexity of installation, low reliability of operation associated with a large number of connections of elements to each other, the complexity of X-mas tree control.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages, improve the reliability of the control cabinet and reduce the costs associated with piping and well operation.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the proposed Christmas tree control cabinet, containing a sheet metal cabinet, in which a hydraulic system for controlling the Christmas tree and an underground well shut-off valve is mounted, containing instrumentation and control devices, actuators, pilot valves of low and high pressure with a drive and with inlet, outlet and drainage cavities installed both along the control line of the over-root and side valves, and along the control line of the underground shut-off valve, moreover, pressure accumulators are installed in the hydraulic system, connected to the hydraulic fluid tank, pumps, pressure regulators, multipliers and pipelines for supplying hydraulic fluid to the actuators of the side and overhead valves, the underground shut-off valve, according to the invention, the cabinet body is divided, preferably, into a control compartment with an operator panel and a compartment for placing the main hydraulic equipment control, and inside the said cabinet is mounted a hydraulic system for controlling the Christmas tree and an underground well shut-off valve, containing instrumentation and control devices, actuators, pilot low and high pressure valves with a drive and with inlet, outlet and drainage cavities installed both along the line control of the over-root and side valves, as well as through the control line of the underground shut-off valve, moreover, pressure accumulators are installed in the hydraulic system connected to a hydraulic fluid tank, pumps, pressure regulators, a multiplier and pipelines for supplying hydraulic fluid to the actuators of the side and over-root valves, underground shut-off valve, while the hydraulic equipment of the line for regulating the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the actuating mechanisms of the gate valves, the underground shut-off valve, and the hydraulic equipment of the logical line of the control cabinet, containing mainly a pressure reducing valve, valve safety panel, shut-off needle valves of the main lines and drainage, check valves, mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt and (or) cartridge mounting, while in the plate there are corresponding internal channels for the supply, discharge of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the instrumentation connection lines ...

In an embodiment, low pressure pilot valves included in the logical well control loop and monitoring the well closure when the fuse-links melt when the pressure in the high and low pressure control valve circuit increases or decreases, as well as low pressure pilot valves that determine the sequence of opening and manual process or emergency closing of the actuating mechanisms of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve, are combined into one block of low pressure distributors, and in the said block the distributors are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt-mounting, while the plate has corresponding internal channels for supplying, removing hydraulic fluid and drainage , as well as lines for connecting instrumentation.

In an embodiment, the main control valves and temperature safety valves of the control line of the actuators of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve are combined into one high-pressure valve block, and in the said high-pressure valve block, the control valves and temperature safety valves are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt assembly , while in the plate there are corresponding internal channels for the supply, discharge of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the lines for connecting the instrumentation.

In the embodiment, three-way two-position valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and the said valves have a separate input line, while the output from the said valves is connected to the control line of the cabinet logic circuit distributor, and the drain line of the valves is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank.

In the embodiment, two-way two-position valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and the inlet of the low and high pressure control valves is connected to the control line of the low pressure distributor of the logical circuit of the station, and the outlet is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank.

These essential features taken together, characterizing the essence of the invention, are not currently known for control devices. An analogue, characterized by the identity of all essential features of the claimed invention, was not found during the research, which allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the "novelty" criterion.

The essential features of the invention cannot be presented as a combination, identified from the known solutions, with the implementation in the form of distinctive features to achieve a technical result, from which the conclusion follows that the criterion "Inventive level" is met.

Due to the fact that the proposed technical solution is intended for use as part of a real control system for Christmas tree well cluster, manufactured by the applicant and tested with the achievement of the claimed technical result, the proposed invention meets the criterion "Industrial applicability".

The essence of the invention is illustrated in the drawings, in which FIG. 1 shows the main view of the module, FIG. 2 is a top view of the reinforcement block, the roof of the block shelter is not shown conventionally, in Fig. 3 - reinforcement block, left side view, in Fig. 4 - reinforcement block, right side view, in Fig. 5 - control cabinet, top view, Fig. 6 is a view A, a low pressure pilot valve; FIG. 7 - view B, pilot high pressure distributor, in Fig. 8 - view B, pressure reducing valve, safety valve, shut-off needle valve, check valve on the hydraulic plate, in Fig. 9 is a diagram of a well cluster piping using a module; FIG. 10 is a diagram of the Christmas tree piping using the module.

The operation of the proposed control cabinet is considered together with the operation of the armature block, with which the proposed cabinet is used.

The main components are:

1 - reinforcement block;

2 - X-mas tree control cabinet;

3 - common frame;

4 - gas pipelines;

5 - pipeline of the corrosion inhibitor;

6 - ventilated shelter;

7 - shut-off and control valves;

8 - cabinet body;

9 - Christmas tree;

10 - pilot low pressure distributor;

11 - pilot high pressure distributor;

12 - over-root valve;

13 - side valve;

14 - pressure accumulators;

15 - hydraulic fluid tank;

16 - pump;

17 - pressure regulator;

18 - pressure multiplier;

19 - pipelines;

20 - pressure reducing valve;

21 - safety valve;

22 - shut-off needle valve;

23 - check valve;

24 - hydraulic plate

The armature block 1 and the X-mas control cabinet 2 are interconnected and installed on a common frame 3. The armature block 1 is made in the form of a space frame made of profiled rolled metal with gas pipelines 4 and a corrosion inhibitor 5 installed on it and is located in a protective ventilated shelter 6. On the aforementioned pipelines and the frame, shut-off and control valves 7 are placed. The X-mas control cabinet 2 contains a sheet metal cabinet body 8 with a double layer of heat-insulating material, and is divided into a control compartment with an operator panel (not indicated) and a compartment for placing the main hydraulic equipment ( not indicated). Inside the compartment for the location of the main hydraulic equipment, a hydraulic system is mounted to control the Christmas tree 9 and the underground well shut-off valve (not indicated), containing instrumentation and control devices, actuators, pilot valves of low 10 and high pressure 11 with a drive and with inlet and outlet cavities and drainage, installed both along the control line of the over-root 12 and side 13 valves, and along the control line of the underground shut-off valve. In the hydraulic system, pressure accumulators 14 are installed, connected to a hydraulic fluid tank 15, pumps 16, pressure regulators 17, multipliers 18 and pipelines 19 for supplying hydraulic fluid to the actuators of the over-root 12 and side 13 valves and the underground shut-off valve. The hydraulic equipment of each of the lines for regulating the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the actuators of the gate valves, the underground valve - cut-off valve, and the hydraulic equipment of the logical line of the well control cabinet, containing, mainly, a pressure reducing valve 20, a safety valve 21, shut-off needle valves 22 of the main lines and drainage, check valves 23 , mounted on one hydraulic plate 24 by means of butt and (or) cartridge mounting. In the hydraulic plate 24 there are corresponding internal channels for the supply, discharge of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the lines for connecting the instrumentation.

In an embodiment, low pressure pilot valves 10 included in the logical well control loop and monitoring the closure of the well when fusible links melt when the pressure in the high and low pressure control valve circuit increases or decreases, as well as low pressure pilot valves that determine the sequence of opening and manual technological or emergency closing of the actuating mechanisms of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve, are combined into one block of low pressure distributors, and in the said block, the distributors are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt-mounting, while the plate has corresponding internal channels for supplying, removing hydraulic fluid and drainage and instrumentation connection lines.

In an embodiment, the main control valves and temperature safety valves of the control lines of the actuators of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve are combined into one high pressure manifold, and in the said high pressure manifold, the control valves and the temperature safety valves are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt-mounting , while in the plate there are corresponding internal channels for the supply, discharge of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the lines for connecting the instrumentation.

In the embodiment, three-way two-position valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and the said valves have a separate input line, while the output from the said valves is connected to the control line of the cabinet logic circuit distributor, and the drain line of the valves is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank.

In the embodiment, two-way two-position valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and the inlet of the low and high pressure control valves is connected to the control line of the low pressure distributor of the logical circuit of the station, and the outlet is connected to the hydraulic fluid tank.

The proposed control cabinet can be used as follows.

The pipelines 4 of the gas and the corrosion inhibitor 5 are connected to the Christmas tree and the gas-collecting manifold and the inhibitor supply device.

Preliminarily, pressure accumulators 14, combined with a tank of hydraulic fluid 15, pumps 16, pressure regulators 17 and pressure intensifiers 18 in the pumping-accumulator unit, create the pressure of the hydraulic fluid used in the control station as a working medium. The use of pressure accumulators 14 allows you to maintain the pressure of the working fluid in the control system in the event of disconnection of the control cabinet from the power supply, for at least twelve hours without closing the drives of the Christmas tree and the underground shut-off valve, and also allows, if necessary, to perform one opening of the drives Christmas tree and underground shut-off valve.

Further, the fluid under pressure enters through the impulse tubes 19 into the actuators of the shut-off and control valves of the well, and the opening of the X-mas tree and the valve belonging to the well cluster to supply the formation fluid from the well to the reservoir is carried out in the following sequence: underground shut-off valve, side valve 13, overhead valve 12.

The produced formation fluid flows from the well into pipelines 4 and then into the gas-collecting reservoir. The flow rate of the fluid is measured using gas flow meters. When the pressure of the fluid in the pipeline 4 drops below the set one, the pilot valve for low pressure control (not indicated) is activated and gives a command to shut the well.

When the pressure of the fluid in the pipeline 4 is higher than the preset one, the pilot high pressure control valve (not indicated) is triggered and gives a command to close the well.

To exclude hydrate formation, a corrosion inhibitor is supplied to each gas pipeline 4 from the corrosion inhibitor pipeline 5, which is part of the inhibitor supply system.

Closing of the specified fittings is carried out in the reverse order, with the introduction of a system of hydraulic interlocks, to ensure the specified sequence.

Placement of flare valves of the system of technological and emergency discharges, mainly on horizontal burners, loop valves of the system for supplying produced formation fluid to the reservoir, on gas pipelines 4 in the immediate vicinity of control cabinet 2, preferably on one common frame 3 with control cabinet 2, allows you to significantly reduce the time for installation, configuration and testing of equipment, significantly reduce the area required for installing equipment for well servicing. In this case, all equipment of the valve block 1, in particular, flare and loop valves, flow meters, inhibitor supply systems, control cabinet 2, are mounted on one common frame 3, checked and tested at the factory and delivered to the site of operation in full factory readiness.

Automatic well protection in case of gas pressure drop in the pipeline and in case of fire is carried out using a hydraulic protection system, triggered by a low pressure pilot valve and a hydraulic fuse-link.

The dynamics of the control system for shut-off and control valves is determined by the characteristics of the pressure accumulators and the adjustment of the throttles installed on the line for supplying the working fluid to the actuator drives, and are selected in such a way as to ensure trouble-free closing of the well in a given sequence.

To control the current state of the control cabinet 2 and the module, the control unit includes measuring channels for analog signals and channels for processing discrete signals for connecting primary converters and sensors included in the control system of the cabinet and module, as well as channels for generating control actions on the executive bodies.

The hydraulic fluid used as a working medium, after being used in the actuators of the system, is supplied for further use to the hydraulic fluid tank 15, located in the control cabinet 2.

The tests carried out by the authors and the applicant of the full-size proposed well connection module confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions.

The use of the proposed technical solution will improve the reliability of the shut-off and control valves of the entire well piping and reduce the costs associated with piping and operation of hydrocarbon deposits, mainly gas condensate wells.

Claims (4)

1. X-mas control cabinet, containing a sheet metal cabinet, in which a hydraulic system is mounted to control the Christmas tree and an underground well shut-off valve, characterized in that the cabinet body is divided into a control compartment with an operator panel and a compartment for the main hydraulic equipment, and inside the said cabinet, a hydraulic system is mounted to control the Christmas tree and an underground well shut-off valve, containing instrumentation and control devices, actuators, pilot valves of low and high pressure with a drive and with inlet, outlet and drainage cavities, installed both along the control line of the over-root and side valves, and along the control line of the underground shut-off valve, moreover, pressure accumulators are installed in the hydraulic system, connected to the hydraulic fluid tank, pumps, pressure regulators, multiplier and pipelines for supplying hydraulic fluid in version the valve mechanisms of the side and overhead valves, the underground shut-off valve, while the hydraulic equipment of the line for regulating the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in the actuators of the valves, the underground shut-off valve, containing, mainly, a pressure reducing valve, a safety valve, shut-off needle valves of the main lines and drainage, check valves , mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt and (or) cartridge mounting, while the plate has corresponding internal channels for supplying, removing hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the instrumentation connection lines, while low pressure pilot valves included in the logical control loop well and monitoring well closure when fusible links melt when pressure increases or decreases in the circuit of high and low pressure control valves, as well as low pressure pilot valves that determine the sequence of opening and manual process sludge and emergency closing of the actuating mechanisms of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve, are combined into one block of low-pressure distributors, and in the said block the distributors are mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt-mounting, while the plate has corresponding internal channels for supplying, removing hydraulic fluid and drainage , as well as lines for connecting instrumentation. 2. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that the main control valves and temperature safety valves of the control line of the actuators of the gate valves and the underground shut-off valve are combined into one block of high pressure distributors, and in the said block of high pressure distributors, control valves and safety temperature valves mounted on one hydraulic plate by means of butt-mounting, while the plate has corresponding internal channels for the supply, discharge of hydraulic fluid and drainage, as well as the instrumentation connection lines. 3. The cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that three-way on-off valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and said valves have a separate input line, while the output from the said valves is connected to the control line of the logical circuit distributor of the cabinet, and the drain the valve line is connected to the hydraulic tank. 4. A cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that two-way two-position valves are used as low and high pressure control valves, and the input of the low and high pressure control valves is connected to the control line of the low pressure distributor of the logical circuit of the station, and the output is connected to the hydraulic tank. liquids.

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