RU2453684C1 - Well cluster of hydrocarbon raw material deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: well cluster includes at least two wells. Each well includes underground operating equipment containing cutout valve and wellhead equipment having casing head, tubing head on which there mounted is X-tree including shutoff members - master and side gate valves. Well cluster is connected to control station of actuators of shutoff members, which is made in the form of a cabinet. Control station includes power lines of function control of shutoff members' actuators. In addition, control lines of loop and flare gate valves are mounted in the cabinet. Loop and flare gate valves are installed on pipelines in close proximity to control cabinet, for example on one common frame.

EFFECT: reducing the surface area occupied with the equipment and increasing cluster operating safety.

12 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, can be used in the development of devices for automatic control of technological processes and is intended to improve the reliability of the operation of wells of hydrocarbon deposits, mainly gas or gas condensate.

A prior art device for controlling borehole cutoffs of a group of wells, comprising a pneumohydraulic unit connected by injection and discharge lines to hydraulic units by the number of wells, one unit comprising a gearbox, relay, pump, tank, distributor, safety valve, and the other unit contains two valve, throttle valve, first isolation valve and third valve, and the device also has a second isolation valve and a third valve (SU 1535970, ЕВВ 34/16, 47/10, 01/15/1990).

A hydraulic control system for underwater wellhead equipment is also known, containing hydraulic actuators connected by the main and additional pressure lines, control lines, electromagnetic valves and check valves, as well as shut-off electromagnetic valves installed at the inlet of the valves, an additional check valve and an additional valve located at the input shut-off valves on the main pressure line with the possibility of connecting the latter with a drain, moreover, an additional non-return valve is placed parallel to the directional control valves and shut-off valves and is connected by its inlet to the hydraulic actuator, and the output is connected to the inlet of the shut-off valve, while the main and additional lines are interconnected by a relief valve, the control line of which is connected to the main line ( SU 1752930, ЕВВ 33/035, 08/04/1992).

Also known from the prior art is a set of equipment for controlling wellhead gushing and reinforcement of subsea wells, including a main pressure line, additional pressure lines connected to hydraulic actuators through the main and additional valves, control lines, accumulators connected to the main and additional pressure lines, pressure switches and non-return valves, as well as equipped with a pressure boosting unit with low and high pressure chambers, and this line is connected to the low pressure chambers and to the main pressure line through an additional valve, and the additional pressure line is connected to the high pressure chambers and to the main pressure line through the check valves, and in the section of the additional pressure line between the check valve and the additional accumulator, the relays are installed in parallel pressures associated with an additional directional control valve (See SU 1733625, ЕВВ 43/01, 05/15/1992).

The disadvantages of the above technical solutions include their relatively low reliability, which does not provide the necessary level of trouble-free operation of gas wells due to a partial or complete absence of the necessary multivariate duplication of systems that initiate quick automatic shutdown of the produced fluid supply, as well as increase the reliability of well protection and prevent early emergency failures situations by controlled remote or manual shutdown of wells. In addition, the lack of reliability of the known devices and systems for well management is due to the absence or complex and poorly functional solution of mechanisms and systems, the logical sequential closure of the shut-off organs of the well, including in emergency situations. Other disadvantages of the known well control devices include unresolved or insufficient availability of uninterrupted operation of the well during shutdown, including for a long period of power supply to the mechanisms and actuators of the well, or providing at least one-time inclusion of all mechanisms necessary to resume well operation after her shutdown.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of essential features is a well cluster of hydrocarbon deposits, mainly gas or gas condensate, including at least two wells, each well containing a production string with a tubing string with underground production equipment containing at least, made with the actuator, the shut-off valve with remote control, the wellhead with wellhead equipment having the head, the pipe head, on which the Christmas tree mounted fountain fittings are installed, including shutoff bodies - the stem and side valves with actuators, as well as a throttle valve adjacent to the latter for regulating the flow rate of the well, made with an actuator, and control and control bodies - fusible insert and pressure control valve in the gas pipeline, while the well is connected to the control station shutoff elements, a throttle valve and a shut-off valve made structurally in the form of a cabinet, and including a pump-accumulator installation and at least one control unit per well, the pump and accumulator installation including a pump group and a high-pressure functional functional pneumatic accumulator connected to it via a working fluid with a high pressure line, and a control unit includes power lines from the aforementioned high pressure line, through pressure regulators to lower the functional pressure to the required, power line of the functional control of the executive by the mechanisms of locking elements, a throttle valve, a shut-off valve, made with the possibility of controlling the operation of the shut-off and control valves of the well, through a system of time-delayed slowdown of the passage of commands for opening and closing in a certain logical sequence through a logical control line communicated with a fuse and valve pressure control and equipped with the ability to duplicate the passage of commands to close the well with hydraulic control valves, one of which there is the possibility of transmitting to the logical control line commands to close the well from the fusible insert, the other from the pressure control valve, and at least two others from the remote and manual control, respectively, while the said deceleration system includes logical lines installed in the areas of interaction control with power lines of functional control of actuating mechanisms of the stem valve and the shut-off valve retarders, including a control pneumatic accumulator and a throttle, providing a different response time for closing the well, and the power line for functional control of the actuator of the shutoff valve is equipped with a pressure multiplier (see RU 2367788 C1, 09/20/2009).

Due to the system known from RU 2367788 C1, most of the drawbacks characteristic of other similar solutions have been eliminated, however, such a design of a wellbore occupies a large area, which limits the ability of personnel to require operational servicing of the control system in the event of situations requiring fast-time repair, dismantling and installation operations.

The objective of the present invention is to reduce the area occupied by the technological equipment of the wellbore.

By solving the task, a technical result is achieved, consisting in reducing the time for maintenance and installation of equipment, as well as in improving the safety and efficiency of the equipment as a whole.

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the proposed cluster of wells of hydrocarbon deposits, mainly gas or gas condensate, contains at least two wells, each well containing a production string with a tubing string with underground production equipment containing at least, remote control valve shut-off made with actuator, wellhead with wellhead equipment having a column head, pipe a bobbin head on which a fountain fitting mounted in the form of a Christmas tree is installed, including shutoff bodies - a stem and side gate valve with actuators, as well as a butterfly valve adjacent to the latter for regulating the flow rate of the well, made with an actuator, and control and control elements - a fusible insert and a pressure control valve in the gas pipeline, while the well is connected to the control station shutoff elements, a throttle valve and a shut-off valve, made structurally in the form a cabinet, and including a pump-and-battery installation and at least one control unit per well, the control unit including power lines for functional control of the actuators of the locking elements, while according to the invention, control lines for loop and flare valves are additionally mounted in the station cabinet moreover, loop and flare valves are installed on pipelines in the immediate vicinity of the control cabinet, for example, on one common frame, and the power line is functional control the operation of valves adapted to control their operation for opening, the following logical sequence: underground safety valve, valve stem, valve daisy chain, the side gate valve for closing the well - in reverse order.

A hydraulic system has been mounted in the station cabinet to control fountain fittings and underground shutoff valves for gas production wells.

For ease of installation and maintenance during repair work, the hydraulic system is divided into several parts, each of which is mounted as a separate module and has connectors for docking with the rest of the system.

To simplify the maintenance of the station in the hydraulic system of the station cabinet, bypass drainage lines were made to pass the working fluid when closing the well back into the tank.

To control the working conditions at the well and close the well when they are violated, a line with a fusible insert is introduced into the hydraulic system, and when closed, the well closes. In the event of a change in the design operating conditions, for example, in the event of a fire at the well, the insert is destroyed and a command to close the well is automatically issued.

To control operating conditions at the well and close the well when they are violated, a line with low and high pressure control valves in the gas condensate pipeline has been introduced into the hydraulic system.

To exclude the effect of low temperatures on the station’s performance, the station’s cabinet is thermally insulated, and heating elements are installed inside the station’s cabinet to ensure the set temperature inside the cabinet.

A heated zone was made inside the station cabinet for maintenance and repair of station equipment by maintenance personnel.

To reduce heat loss when opening the station during repair and routine maintenance, the internal cavity of the station cabinet is divided into several parts, each of which has an opening panel.

The door of the station cabinet is divided into several parts, and the parts of the door are installed with the possibility of opening both the entire door as a whole and separately of each part. The floors in the closet are made in the form of cells.

These essential features in the aggregate, characterizing the essence of the claimed invention, are not currently known for regulatory devices. The analogue, characterized by the identity of all the essential features of the claimed invention, was not found during the studies, which allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Novelty."

The essential features of the claimed invention cannot be represented as a combination identified from known solutions with the implementation in the form of distinctive features to achieve a technical result, from which it follows that the criterion of "Inventive step" is met.

Due to the fact that the proposed technical solution is intended for use within the framework of a real control system for fountain reinforcement of a wellbore, it was manufactured by the applicant and tested to achieve the claimed technical result, the proposed invention meets the criterion of "Industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of a device for implementing this method, Fig. 2 is a pneumohydraulic diagram of a device, Fig. 3 is a diagram of a wellbore strapping using the proposed device, and Fig. 4 is a pneumohydraulic diagram of a device , Fig.5 is a diagram of the binding of a wellbore using the proposed device.

A reinforcing unit 2 and a cabinet of the control station 3 are installed on the frame 1 of the module.

On racks 4 there are pipelines 5 and 6 for supplying gas to the first and second gas wells, respectively, and an inhibitor 7. For each piping 5 and 6, hydraulically controlled loop valves 8, hydraulically controlled flare valves 9, gas flow meters 10, pressure sensors 11 in an insulated box 12 are installed , the low pressure control valve 13 in the insulated box 14. The supply system of the inhibitor 15 of each well is located on a separate rack and is connected to the supply pipe of the inhibitor 7 located on the racks 4.

Under pipelines 5 and 6, racks 4 are equipped with trays 16, 17, 18, 28, 29 for impulse tubes 19, power 20 and information cables 21 and 22.

The impulse tubes 19, which are the power lines of the functional control, in the amount of 20 pieces come out of the control cabinet 3, consisting of a control station and a remote communication system with the object, and are connected to the corresponding panel 23 located on the racks of the frame 1. Part of the tubes in the amount of 4 pieces (control lines for loop and flare valves) are diverted to the left, to the actuators of hydraulically controlled loop and flare valves, 8 and 9, respectively, the other, in the amount of 16 pieces, is diverted to the right, to underground drives valve - shutoff valve, stem valve, lateral valve (not shown), angular butterfly valve, low pressure control valve, fuse plugs located on the fountain valves.

The impulse tubes going to the fountain fittings are connected to the panel 24.

On the racks 4 of the frame 1 are boxes 25, 26 for connecting power and data cables.

In the outlet part of pipelines 5 and 6, after the flare valve, two relief shutoff valves 27 are installed.

The proposed bush wells hydrocarbon deposits operates as follows.

Pipelines 5 and 6 of the module are connected to the fountain fittings on the one hand and the gas collector on the other.

Previously, in pneumohydroaccumulators of pressure combined with the working medium tank, pumps, pressure regulators and multipliers in the pump-accumulator unit, the pressure of the liquid used in the control station as the working medium is created. The use of pneumohydroaccumulators of pressure will allow maintaining the pressure of the working fluid in the system in case of disconnecting the station from the power supply, at least up to 3 times.

Then, the liquid under pressure enters through the pulse tubes 19 into the actuators of the shutoff and control valves of each well, and the opening of the fountain valves and the valves belonging to the well cluster for supplying the formation fluid from the well to the reservoir is carried out in the following sequence: underground shutoff valve, stem gate valve, loop valve 8, side valve.

The produced formation fluid flows from the well into pipelines 5 and 6 and then to the gas collector. The fluid flow rate is measured using gas flowmeters 10. When the fluid pressure in the pipeline drops below a predetermined value, the low pressure control valve 13 activates and sends a command to close the well.

To eliminate hydrate formation, a corrosion inhibitor is supplied to each pipeline 5 and 6 from the inhibitor supply pipeline 7, which is part of the inhibitor supply system 15.

The closure of said valves is carried out in the reverse order, with the introduction of a system of interlocks, both electric and hydraulic, to ensure the indicated sequence, moreover, this algorithm for opening / closing a well is set in advance, for example, using software.

Placing flare valves 9 of a technological and emergency discharge system, for example, to horizontal burners, loop valves 8 of a system for discharging produced reservoir fluid into a collector, on pipelines 5 and 6 in the immediate vicinity of control cabinet 3, for example, on one common frame 1 with a cabinet control 3, can significantly reduce the time for installation, configuration and testing of equipment, significantly reduce the area required for installation of equipment for servicing the well. In this case, all equipment, in particular flare 9 and loop valves 8, flow meters 10, inhibitor feed systems 15, control cabinet 3, is mounted on one common frame 1, checked and tested at the factory, and delivered to the place of operation in full factory readiness.

The supply of working fluid to the actuators of the flare valve 9 and the angular butterfly valve is carried out as necessary, for example, when resetting the flow of formation fluid to the flare unit, or adjusting the flow rate of the well, respectively.

Automatic protection of the well in case of gas pressure drop in the pipeline and in case of fire is carried out by two protection schemes - hydraulic, triggered by the low pressure control valve 13 and hydraulic fusible insert in the absence of electricity, and electronic, triggered by duplicated pressure sensors on the string and duplicated temperature sensors for fire on the fountain.

The dynamics of the control system of shut-off and control valves is determined by the characteristics of additional pressure accumulators and the regulation of throttles installed on the supply line of the working fluid to the actuator actuators, and selected in such a way as to ensure trouble-free shutting of the well in a given sequence.

To control the current state of the control cabinet 3 and the module, the control unit includes measuring channels for analog signals and channels for processing discrete signals for connecting the primary converters and sensors included in the control system of the station and the module, as well as channels for generating control actions on the executive bodies.

The liquid used as a working fluid, after being used in the actuators of the system, enters the hydraulic working fluid tank located in the control cabinet 3.

The tests of the full-sized device in the well cluster conducted by the authors and the applicant confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions.

Using the proposed technical solution will improve the reliability of the shut-off and control valves of the entire piping of the well and the well as a whole, and reduce the costs associated with the piping and exploitation of hydrocarbon deposits, mainly gas condensate, wells.

Claims (12)

1. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon field, mainly gas or gas condensate, contains at least two wells, each well containing a production string with a tubing string with underground production equipment comprising at least a shut-off valve made with an actuator with remote control, a wellhead with wellhead equipment having a column head, a pipe head on which a fountain mounted in the form of a Christmas tree is installed the matura, which includes locking elements — the stem and side valves with actuators, as well as a throttle valve adjacent to the latter for regulating the flow rate of the well, made with an actuator, and control and control organs — a fuse and a pressure control valve in the gas pipeline, while the well is connected to the control station of the locking elements, the throttle valve and the shut-off valve, made structurally in the form of a cabinet and including a battery-pump installation and at least one a control unit to the well, and the control unit includes power lines for functional control of shutoff and control valves, characterized in that in the cabinet of the station, control lines for loop and flare valves are additionally mounted, and loop and flare valves are installed on pipelines in the immediate vicinity of the control cabinet, for example, on one common frame, and the power lines of the functional control of the shut-off and control valves are made with the possibility of controlling its work oh the opening, the following logical sequence: underground safety valve, valve stem, valve daisy chain, the side gate valve for closing the well - in reverse order. 2. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon field according to claim 1, characterized in that a hydraulic system is mounted in the control cabinet for controlling fountain fittings and underground shutoff valves of gas production wells. 3. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon field according to claim 2, characterized in that the hydraulic system is divided into several parts, each of which is mounted as a separate module, and has connectors for docking with the rest of the system. 4. A wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 2, characterized in that bypass drainage lines are made in the hydraulic system of the station cabinet to pass the working fluid when the well is closed back into the tank. 5. A wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 2, characterized in that a line with a fusible insert is introduced into the hydraulic system, and when it is destroyed, the well closes. 6. A wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 2, characterized in that a line with low and high pressure control valves in the gas condensate pipeline is introduced into the hydraulic system. 7. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that the station cabinet is thermally insulated. 8. A wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that heating elements are installed inside the station cabinet to provide a predetermined temperature inside the cabinet. 9. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that a heated zone is made inside the station cabinet for maintenance and repair of station equipment by maintenance personnel. 10. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon field according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal cavity of the station cabinet is divided into several parts, each of which has an opening panel. 11. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon field according to claim 1, characterized in that the station cabinet door is divided into several parts, the door parts being installed with the possibility of opening the entire door as a whole, or separately of each part. 12. The wellbore of a hydrocarbon deposit according to claim 1, characterized in that the floors in the cabinet are made in the form of cells.

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