RU2707756C1 - Controlled by electric field power divider on magnetostatic waves with filtration function - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering, particularly to signal dividers. Microwave signal microwave power divider at magnetostatic waves comprises microwave-based structure based on iron-yttrium garnet (IYG) film placed on substrate, input and two output ports connected to microstrip antennas for excitation and reception of magnetostatic waves in microwave-wave structure, source of control magnetic field. Microwave guide structure is made in form of T-shaped branching, base of which is connected to microstrip antenna of input port, and side arms – with microstrip antennas of output ports. At sections between branching and microstrip antennae of output ports there are means for providing piezomagnetic interaction in film IYG, made in the form of piezoelectric film with electrodes connected to source of electric field, and control magnetic field is directed at a tangent to film IYG.

EFFECT: imparting microwave signal filtration functions to the power divider on the MSW, while providing the possibility of controlling frequency characteristics by means of magnetic and electric fields independent of the power of the input signal.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to microwave radio engineering, in particular to devices on magnetostatic waves and can be used as a power splitter of a wave beam.

Magnetostatic wave (MSW) devices have the ability to tune parameters (transmission coefficients, delay time) and frequency modes due to changes in the magnetic field (see, for example, the review “Magnonika - a new direction in spintronics and spin-wave electronics”, Usp. Fiz. 185, No. 10, 2015, S.S. 1099-1128). These characteristics make it possible to implement devices for processing signals with many functions, for example, signal delay, directional branching, filtering, and other functions. Microelectronics technologies make it possible to perform magnetic films on substrates with a special configuration, thickness and properties, as well as provide logical functions in the event of a change in the external or internal magnetic field (see, for example, CN104779342 (B), BEIHANG UNIVERSITY, 08/15/2017).

The prior art device for magnetostatic waves (RU2623666 C1, IRE named after V.A. Kotelnikov RAS, 06.28.2017), in which a layer of piezoelectric material is introduced, equipped with metal electrodes for supplying electrical voltage, placed on the surface of the microwave structure with the possibility of piezomagnetic interactions. The microwave structure is formed by three parallel microwave ovens of equal width, each of which has a rectangular shape and is installed with a gap relative to each other with the provision of multimode communication mode. However, this device has a different purpose and is not intended to perform the functions of a power divider as an independent element of the microwave path.

Closest to the patented device is a spin-wave microwave power divider (RU2666969 C1, IRE named after V.A. Kotelnikov RAS, 09/13/2018 - prototype). The microwave power divider contains a single input port, the first and second output ports. The electromagnetic coupling elements are made in the form of a microwave structure for magnetostatic waves on a gallium-gadolinium garnet substrate. The microwave structure is based on a film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) in the form of two elongated strips of equal width, placed parallel to each other with a gap selected from the conditions for multimode coupling of magnetostatic waves. The ends of one strip of the microwave structure have taps on which microstrip antennas are formed to excite and receive magnetostatic waves, respectively associated with a single input port and a first output port.

The disadvantage of such a divider is the inability to control the MSW spectrum through an external electric field, and since the energy of the MSW is controlled by changing the power of the input signal, this can lead to the appearance of nonlinear effects, such as a nonlinear phase shift of the spin wave.

The problem to which the present invention is directed is to give the power divider on the MSW the functions of filtering the microwave signal while allowing the frequency characteristics to be controlled by magnetic and electric fields independent of the input signal power.

The patented microwave power divider on the MSW contains a microwave structure based on a film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) placed on a substrate, an input and two output ports connected to microstrip antennas for exciting and receiving MSW in a microwave structure, and a source of a control magnetic field.

The difference is that the microwave structure is made in the form of a T-branch, the base of which is connected to the microstrip antenna of the input port, and the lateral shoulders are connected to the microstrip antennas of the output ports, and in the areas between the branching and the microstrip antennas of the output ports, means are provided to provide piezomagnetic interactions in the YIG film, made in the form of a piezoelectric film with electrodes connected to an electric field source, and the control magnetic field is directed tangentially to the YIG film.

The divider can be characterized in that the electrodes on the piezoelectric film are made in the form of counter pins.

EFFECT: giving the power divider on the MSW the functions of filtering the microwave signal while providing the ability to control the frequency characteristics by means of magnetic and electric fields independent of the input signal power.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

FIG. 1 - shows the design of the device;

FIG. 2 - distribution of static internal magnetic field from the normalized width of the films;

FIG. 3 - frequency dependence of the transmission coefficient S ₂₁ for different configurations of MSW;

FIG. 4 - photographs of the intensity distribution of the MSSW in the absence of (a) and in the presence of (b) an electric field applied to the piezoelectric layer;

FIG. 5 - frequency dependence of the transfer coefficient S ₂₁ for different values of the external electric field.

The positions in the drawings indicate:

1 - input microstrip antenna;

2 - microwave based on the YIG film;

3 - a substrate from a film of gallium-gadolinium garnet (HHG);

4 - piezoelectric layer 1;

5 - piezoelectric layer 2;

6 - electrode 1;

7 - electrode 2;

8 - output microstrip antenna 1;

9 - output microstrip antenna 2;

10 - profile of the internal magnetic field for a microwave 3 mm wide;

11 is a profile of the internal magnetic field for a microwave with a width of 500 μm;

12 is a frequency dependence of a transmission coefficient for a backward volume magnetostatic wave;

13 is a frequency dependence of a transmission coefficient for a surface magnetostatic wave;

14 is a frequency dependence of a transmission coefficient for a reverse volume magnetostatic wave in the absence of an electric field;

15 is the frequency dependence of the transmission coefficient for the inverse magnetostatic volume wave in the case of E = 10 kV / cm.

The device contains a substrate 3, which is a film of gallium-gadolinium garnet (HHG) with dimensions (W × D × T) of 3000 μm × 3500 μm × 500 μm. On the surface of the GGG film, a T-shaped microwave 2 was formed on the basis of a YIG film with a thickness of 7.7 μm and saturation magnetization M ₀ = 139 G. Microwave 2 contains microstrip antennas of 1.8.9 with a width of 30 microns, providing excitation and reception of magnetostatic waves. The input antenna 1 is located on one part of the microwave 2, and the output transducers of the magnetostatic waves are located on the left and right shoulders of the microwave 2. Between the output antennas there are piezoelectric layers of 4.5 lead titanate zirconate (PZT) with dimensions (W × D × T) 500 μm × 500 μm × 400 μm. On the layers of 4.5 piezoelectric and under them, separating the microwave 2 is located interdigital system of metal electrodes 6.7 of Nickel, to create a more effective local deformation. The width of the microwave 2 is 500 μm, the length along the x axis is 3000 μm, and along the y axis is 3500 μm. The external magnetic field H _{0 is} directed tangentially along the x axis (see Fig. 1).

The device operates as follows.

The input microwave signal, the frequency of which must lie in the frequency range determined by the magnitude of the external constant magnetic field, is fed to the input microstrip antenna 1. Next, the microwave signal is converted to a surface MSW (PMSV), propagating along microwave 2, which has the configuration of a T-shaped microwave and made in the form of two microwave sections: the right and left shoulders of the bifurcated microwave 2. As a result of the splitting of the MSSW into two parts in the first and second shoulders of the waveguide The signal reaches the 8.9 output antennas.

Electrical frequency tuning is possible due to magnetoelectric (ME) interaction in the structure. An electric field causes a deformation of the piezoelectric layer due to the inverse piezoelectric effect. The deformation is transmitted to the microwave, which is mechanically connected to the piezoelectric layer. Due to the piezomagnetic effect, the internal magnetic field in the microwave changes, leading to a change in the dispersion characteristic of the wave process in the structure, which allows double control of the wave properties and, accordingly, the characteristics of the device. In this case, control is carried out by influencing the material characteristics of the microwave and piezoelectric when changing the external magnetic and electric fields applied to it, respectively. In view of the finite width of microwave oven 2, the multimode regime is realized during the propagation of MSSW.

In FIG. Figure 2 shows the results of numerical simulation of the calculated profiles of the internal magnetic field in the case when the width of the microwave 2 is 3 mm (curve 10, Fig. 2) and 500 μm (curve 11, Fig. 2). It is seen that the magnitude of the internal magnetic field in the center of the microwave 2 decreases with decreasing width.

In FIG. Figure 3 shows the frequency dependences of the transmission coefficient in the case of the propagation of MSSW (curve 13) and inverse volume MSWs (curve 12). It is seen that in the frequency range from 5.23 GHz to 5.35 GHz, the transfer characteristics overlap. This means that the MSSW, when turned into the shoulders of the microwave 2, is converted to the inverse volume MSW and, at the output, it reaches the microstrip antenna 8

In FIG. 4 shows maps of the intensity distribution of the MSW propagating through the microwave 2. In the absence of an electric field applied to the piezoelectric layer 5, a branch of the MSW is observed in both arms (Fig. 4, a). When an electric field is applied (E = 10 kV / cm) to the piezoelectric layer 5, the signal branches only to the left shoulder, and practically does not pass to the right (Fig. 4, b). This effect is due to the transformation of the internal magnetic field profile of the microwave 2 in the region below the piezoelectric layer 5.

It should be noted that the use of electrodes of the type of opposing pins allows you to create a band gap in the spectrum of spin waves (Fig. 5). The frequency dependences of the transmission coefficient are obtained in the absence and upon application of an external electric field E to the piezoelectric layer. It is seen that in the absence of an external electric field (curve 14), the spectrum does not contain power drops corresponding to the presence of forbidden bands. When voltage is applied to the electrode (curve 15), a pronounced dip is observed in the spectrum corresponding to the band gap of the signal.

Thus, the presented results confirm the achievement of the technical result - the power divider on the MSW has the function of filtering the microwave signal while providing the ability to control the frequency characteristics by means of magnetic and electric fields, which are independent of the input signal power.

Claims (4)

1. The power divider of the microwave signal on magnetostatic waves, containing a microwave structure based on a film of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) placed on a substrate, an input and two output ports connected to microstrip antennas for exciting and receiving magnetostatic waves in a microwave structure, a control magnetic source fields characterized in that the microwave structure is made in the form of a T-shaped branch, the base of which is connected to the microstrip antenna of the input port, and the lateral shoulders are connected to the microstrip antennas of the output ports; in the form of a piezoelectric film with electrodes connected to an electric field source, and the control magnetic field is directed tangentially to the film G IG. 2. The divider according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes on the piezoelectric film are made in the form of oncoming pins.

Images