RU2705122C1 - Explosive device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ammunition and explosive equipment used for peaceful purposes. Explosive device contains a housing with a pressure cover, an explosive charge placed between them, an initiation system and a spring system of temperature compensation installed between the housing flange and the pressure cover. Spring-loaded temperature compensation system and the pressure cover are made in the form of a single part made from elastic metal representing a hollow cup with a bottom facing the explosive charge. On the cup cylindrical shell there is a system of elastic rings formed by transverse grooves arranged in at least two rows. Number of slots in the row is not less than two, slots of adjacent rows are spaced relative to each other in staggered order, height of cup with bottom (h), its outer diameter (d) and internal diameter of explosive device (D) housing are made with ratio

EFFECT: invention allows improving operating reliability and safety of explosive devices in wide range of operating temperatures.

1 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the field of ammunition and explosive technology used for peaceful purposes. As a rule, explosive devices (WU) consist of a body, explosive charge (explosive) and explosive charge initiation system. The design elements of the VU are made of dissimilar materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion, as a result of which when operating the VU in a wide temperature range in the explosive charge and the explosive charge initiation system, critical stress-deformed states or design gaps can occur that can affect performance or safety operation WU. The temperature compensation system (STK) provides the effort of preloading the components of a structure of dissimilar materials over the entire range of operating temperatures, preserving the density of the assembly and preventing damage or destruction of elements with different coefficients of thermal expansion.

As an analogue of the device, one can consider an explosive device (WU), which contains a housing with an explosive charge, an initiation system and a temperature compensation system (RF patent No. 2425321, publ. 07.27.2011). The temperature compensation system includes an insert placed between the housing and the explosive charge, and a cover made in the form of sectors spaced on the surface of the protective shell of the initiation system located on the side opposite to the location of the explosive charge. The liner and pad are made of a material with a closed cellular structure - polyethylene foam. After filling the body volume with explosive composition, air with a certain pressure is supplied inside the body, which compresses the liner by 40-50% of its thickness. In this state, the assembly is gagged and left to cure the explosive composition (BC). After curing, the air pressure is removed.

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of the curing process of the aircraft, which requires the introduction of a system that provides increased pressure to compress the liner STK, and during long-term operation of the VU, polyethylene foam loses its elastic characteristics, which can lead to gaps and relaxation of the structure, in addition, during installation / Dismantling of the cover is possible its skew (jamming).

An explosive device is considered as a prototype (RF patent No. 2450235, publ. 05/10/2012), consisting of a housing with a pressure cap and a spring temperature compensation system, the explosive charge and initiator placed between them. STK in this WU consists of three main parts: a threaded ring, a thrust ring and a set (60 pieces) of coil springs. The springs are placed in symmetrical circumferential holes in the threaded ring, which is fixedly mounted in the body of the product. When the volume of the charge from the explosive material changes due to the temperature difference, the thrust ring moves through the cover adjacent to the charge with the end part, and the springs change their length. Consequently, the force in the springs also changes. The charging module is designed to operate in a wide range of negative and positive temperatures.

The main disadvantages of STK with coil springs include: the complexity of the design, having a large number of parts, possible skew of the cover due to the small height of the cylindrical part, which leads to jamming of the STK during installation / disassembly and operation of the VU, as well as the complexity of the assembly technology. In addition, one of the problems is that in small-scale production it is difficult to obtain the stability of the elastic characteristics of coil springs: to select a set of a large number of springs with the same characteristics, it is necessary to select them from a large number.

The technical result consists in increasing the reliability and safety of the operation of explosive devices in a wide range of operating temperatures: reducing the cost of manufacturing a VU by simplifying the design of the STK VU and the technology of its manufacture, as well as by simplifying the technology of assembly / disassembly of the VU.

Постоянное поджатие заряда ВВ и инициирующего устройства к корпусу ВУ обеспечивается усилием прорезной пружины, объединенной в единую деталь с крышкой. Наружный диаметр прорезной пружины и крышки совпадают, а суммарная высота единой детали больше высоты отдельной крышки, при этом прорезная пружина обеспечивает меньшую разницу усилия поджатая при максимальном и минимальном значениях эксплуатационных температур по сравнению с СТК, в которой используется большое количество витых цилиндрических пружин.The specified technical result is achieved in that in an explosive device containing a housing with a pressure cap, an explosive charge (BB) placed between them, an initiation system and a spring temperature compensation system installed between the flange of the body and the pressure cap, a spring temperature compensation system and a pressure cap made in the form of a single part, which is a hollow glass with a bottom facing the explosive charge, on the cylindrical shell of which a system of transverse grooves of at least e than two rows, while the number of grooves in a row of at least two, located relative to the grooves of the adjacent row in a checkerboard pattern, the height of the glass with the bottom (h), its outer diameter (d) and the inner diameter of the explosive device case (D) are made with the ratio

The constant compression of the explosive charge and the initiating device to the WU housing is ensured by the force of the slotted spring, combined in a single part with the cover. The outer diameter of the slotted spring and the cover are the same, and the total height of the single part is greater than the height of the individual cover, while the slotted spring provides a smaller difference in the force pressed at the maximum and minimum operating temperatures compared to the STK, which uses a large number of coil coil springs.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows the design of an explosive device consisting of a housing (1), an explosive charge (2) placed in it, an explosive charge initiation system (3), a pressure cap (4), a thrust ring (5) installed in the annular groove of the VU case.

The pressure cap (4) is a glass with a bottom made of elastic metal (steel, brass, etc.), made in the form of a single part with a slotted spring, consisting of several (at least two) elastic rings formed using at least two slots in cylindrical workpiece. The spring is designed so that the load is distributed evenly when the rings bend. Slots are obtained using the milling operation. The combination of the slotted annular spring with the clamping cover of the charger module into a single structural element (see Fig. 2) can significantly increase the length of the skirt h of the cover (4), compressing the explosive charge (2), through the initiation system (3), which eliminates warping and jamming covers (4) during its installation / dismantling.

To confirm the claimed technical result, below is a comparative calculation analysis of the design of the VU according to the adopted prototype (RF patent No. 2450235, publ. 10.05.2012) and the design of the VU according to this technical solution.

не выполняется, так как соотношение

Эта величина больше высоты поджимной крышки равной 10 мм. При установке поджимной крышки в корпус ВУ возможно ее перекашивание и заклинивание в промежуточном положении, что недопустимо в конструкциях, содержащих взрывчатые вещества с точки зрения безопасности обращения.When considering an example of a specific explosive device selected as a prototype, having an external diameter of the compression cover d = 242.8 mm, the internal diameter of the casing WU D = 244 mm, the height of the compression cover h = 10 mm, it was found that the condition

not satisfied because the ratio

This value is greater than the height of the pressure cap equal to 10 mm. When installing the clamping cover in the WU case, it can be warped and jammed in an intermediate position, which is unacceptable in structures containing explosives from the point of view of safe handling.

для предлагаемого технического решения. Так при

соотношение выполняется. По результатам проведения сборочных работ с экспериментальным образцом ВУ по предлагаемому техническому решению перекашивание крышки, объединенной с пружиной, не наблюдалось.For comparative analysis, it is assumed that the basic geometric and power characteristics of the proposed technical solution and prototype must be identical. In the design of the STK of the selected prototype, the height of the set of 60 coil springs is 21.7 mm. Thus, the height of the pressure cover (4) (see Fig. 1) should be h = 10 + 21.7 = 31.7 mm with the outer diameter of the pressure cover (4) d = 242.8 mm and the inner diameter of the housing (1 ) WU D = 244 mm. Consider the relation

for the proposed technical solution. So with

the ratio is satisfied. According to the results of the assembly work with the experimental model of VU according to the proposed technical solution, the warping of the cover combined with the spring was not observed.

The total effort created by the STK of the prototype is: at 20 ° C - 4488 N, at minus 50 ° C - 3222 N, at plus 50 ° C - 5031 N. To create an STK force identical to the STK force of the prototype, equal to 4488 N at 20 ° C, the following structural dimensions are accepted in the design of the slotted spring of the clamping cover (4): the outer diameter of the spring is 242.8 mm, the inner diameter of the spring is 239 mm, the height of the spring is 21.7 mm, material is brass L63 or steel 70 GOST 14959-79, the number of slots per circumference 6 pcs., the number of rings in the spring 4 pcs.

Based on the adopted source data, table 1 presents the elastic characteristics of the slotted spring of the pressure cover in comparison with the elastic characteristics of the STK prototype. The calculation of the elastic characteristics of the slotted spring was carried out in accordance with the methodology [Reference of the machine builder in six volumes, volume 4 book 2, third edition, M .: state scientific and technical publishing house of machine-building literature, 1963, p. 736]

In FIG. 3 shows the dependence of the deformations of springs of various designs on the compression force. The elastic characteristics of the slotted spring are more gentle compared to the characteristics of a set of 60 coil springs, which provides the required compressive force with minimal deviations from the temperature range. When the slotted spring is compressed in the operating range, the force on the thrust ring is 4488 ± 1068 N, while a set of 60 coil springs has a force of 4488 ± 1256 N.

Thus, the proposed design is simple and the ability to obtain more uniform compression characteristics with a significant change in temperature.

The manufacture of a slotted spring is more technologically advanced and cheaper than the manufacture of a set of 60 coil springs, the use of a slotted spring allows you to obtain the specified elastic characteristics by reducing the thickness of the working elements, and it is difficult to obtain stability of the elastic characteristics of coil springs in small-scale production. To select a set of 60 springs with the same characteristics, it is necessary to select the springs from a large number of manufactured springs, which increases the cost of the product and reduces manufacturability.

Claims (2)

An explosive device comprising a housing with a pressure cap, an explosive charge placed between them, an initiation system and a spring temperature compensation system installed between the body flange and the pressure cap, characterized in that the spring temperature compensation system and the pressure cap are made as a single piece of elastic metal, which is a hollow glass with a bottom facing the explosive charge, a system of elastic rings is formed on the cylindrical shell of the glass, formed x with transverse grooves located in at least two rows, the number of grooves in a row of at least two, the grooves of adjacent rows are staggered relative to each other, the height of the glass with the bottom (h), its outer diameter (d) and the inner diameter of the explosive body devices (D) are made with the ratio

.

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