RU2773407C1 - Method for launching unmanned aerial vehicles (uavs) from a closed position - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: missiles launchers.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of launchers for missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the form of cruise missiles and can be used in military equipment. Optical means of target detection in the event of the appearance of the target transmit a signal to the target designation system located inside the closed position. The target designation system sets the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the loaded rotary launcher placed under the upper ceiling rotary cover inside the closed position. The rotary launcher together with the rotary cover is rotated around the vertical axis of rotation by a given azimuthal angle and elevation angle simultaneously with the opening of the hatch cover in the rotary cover. The hatch is located on the UAV flight path at the UAV departure point. UAVs are launched from a rotary launcher through an open hatch on command from a target designation system. The drive is installed in the form of a rack for launch containers containing UAVs. The UAV containers are loaded from the rack onto the rotary launcher and the UAV is launched.

EFFECT: efficiency of launching UAVs, protection of launching UAVs from climatic and external influences, increasing the secrecy of launching UAVs and increasing the ammunition load are increasing.

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Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of launchers for missiles and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the form of cruise missiles and can be used in military equipment.

Prior Art

There are various technical solutions for launching missiles.

A known device is described in RF patent No. 2393409 for the invention "Modular multi-seat vertical launch ship launcher", IPC: F41F 3/04, Application: 2008144771/02, priority: 11/13/2008, published on 06/27/2010, authors: Belyustin L. V., Bobrov A.V., Maksichev A.B., Melnikov V.Yu., etc. (RU),

The base with a truss frame is loaded into the cellar of a surface ship and fixed in a predetermined position on the ship's foundation. The upper platform is installed and fixed in a predetermined position on the NK deck, so that the platform and the truss frame together form vertical cells for the installation of transport and launch containers. Before loading the launcher, open the protective cover of the loaded cell of the launcher and dismantle the support ring of the vertical cushioning device. With the help of a lifting device, the transport-launch containers are moved to the loading cell of the launcher, it is hung in a vertical position above the opening of the cell and the transport-launch containers are preliminary oriented in a horizontal plane. Before the combat use of missiles, the protective cover of the launcher cell is opened, where the transport and launch container of the missile designated for launch is located. On command from the firing control system, the launch container is activated by a powder pressure accumulator and the rocket leaves the transport and launch container under the action of a piston effect.

Signs of an analogue, coinciding with the essential features of the claimed invention, are the base with a truss frame loaded into the cellar and fixed in a given position, the platform and the truss frame together form vertical cells for installing a transport and launch container, before the combat use of missiles, the protective cover of the launcher cell is opened, where the transport and launch container of the missile designated for launch is located, on command from the firing control system, the missile leaves the transport and launch container.

The disadvantage of this device is that the method used for loading transport and launch containers is not operational - it requires a significant investment of time and various assembly and loading operations; missiles are launched only vertically, which does not allow using its lifting force in the event of a UAV launch and, in addition, requires time to transfer the flight from vertical to flight along a given azimuth.

Also known is the method described in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2558784 for the invention "Multi-barreled launcher", IPC: F41F 3/04, Application: 2014112774/11, priority 04/03/2014, published 08/10/2015, authors and patent holders: Dubinin D.B. (RU), Ovchinnikov Yu.S. (RU).

When the control system receives a signal about the presence of a threat, it issues a signal to the launch control unit, which, through the elements of electrical circuits, transmits signals to launch grenades from the launcher unit. There is a shot. The force from the shot is sequentially transferred from the launcher to the base (in the base, the stiffening ribs withstand the main load), then from the cylindrical surfaces of the holes to the bolts and to the bracket of the object.

Signs of an analogue, coinciding with the essential features of the claimed invention, are when the control system receives a signal about the presence of a threat, it issues a signal to the launch control unit, which, through the elements of electrical circuits, transmits signals to launch grenades from the launcher unit. There is a shot.

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of the ability to quickly change the launched means of destruction of grenades, and the launcher itself is not protected from external influences, there is no system for automatically aiming the launcher at the meeting point with the target.

As a prototype, a patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2 529 043 "Rocket launcher" was chosen, IPC: F41F 3/04; Application: 2012124609/11, priority 06/14/2012; published on September 27, 2014, author and patentee: Baisiev Khadzhi-Murat Khasanovich (RU).

Loading the launcher with rockets. The fighter, using a manual drive, sets the required elevation angle, while focusing on the readings of the pointer. This position is fixed by means of the handle of the stop device of an elevation angle. Then, by turning the turntable around the rack, the fighter sets the desired azimuth according to the pointer and limb. This position is fixed by pressing the profile gear block to the gear wheel with the help of a handle. After setting and fixing the guidance angles in elevation and azimuth, the launcher is ready to fire. The fighter, after completing the preparatory work for the impact, leaves the site where the launcher is located and goes to the shelter or to the control room. Further, in order to launch missiles, the commander of the impact group turns on the firing control panel. At the same time, the video monitoring system is automatically turned on, recording in real time on a memory card the angular coordinates of firing, sound, the exact date and time of the missile launch. When used in video and audio information in real time, it is transmitted via communication channels to a remote terminal (monitor) of the firing control command post and recorded in an electronic log. When using stand-alone DVRs, information is stored on a memory card. This information can be withdrawn for analysis only by the head of the impact and should not be available to other persons.

Signs in the prototype, coinciding with the essential features of the claimed invention, are: loading the starting device of the UAV, setting the azimuth and elevation angle of the target in the sight, launching the UAV.

The disadvantage of this method is that the loading of missiles launcher is not automated and operational, requires various assembly and loading operations; aiming the launcher at the target is not automated, requires the presence of a fighter, and as a result, does not allow you to quickly change the angles of aiming at the target; the launcher is not protected from external climatic and combat influences. Disclosure of the invention.

The task to be solved by the claimed invention is the development of a method for automatic operational launch of multiple UAVs with increased secrecy and protection from external influences.

The technical result achieved in solving this problem is to increase the efficiency of the launch of the UAV, the protection of the launch of the UAV from climatic and external influences, and the increase in the secrecy of the launch of the UAV.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of launching unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from a closed position, which consists in loading the UAV launcher, setting its azimuth and elevation angle of the target, launching the UAV, according to the invention, when a target appears, optical means of target detection placed above the upper overlap of the closed position, transmit a signal to the target designation system located inside the closed position. The target designation system sets the azimuth angle and elevation angle of the charged rotary launcher placed under the upper ceiling rotary cover inside the closed position. The rotary launcher together with the rotary cover is rotated around the vertical axis by a given azimuth angle and elevation angle. In the rotary cover, the hatch cover is opened at the place where the UAV takes off. The UAV is launched from a rotary launcher through an open hatch in the rotary cover on command from the target designation system.

The combination of the listed essential features provides a technical result - an increase in the efficiency of the launch of the UAV, the protection of the launch of the UAV from climatic and external influences, the increase in the secrecy of the launch of the UAV and the increase in the ammunition load. This allows you to implement a method for automatic operational launch of multiple UAVs with masking and protection from external influences.

Brief description of figures and drawings.

The proposed method for launching unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from a closed position is illustrated by the drawings: FIG. 1 shows the launch moment of the UAV. In FIG. 2 shows the UAV launch system.

In FIG. 3 shows the moment of launching a UAV with an increased ammunition load. Embodiments of the invention.

To implement the method of launching unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from a closed position, the UAV launch system shown in Fig. one.

The launch system is located inside the closed position 1. This may be, for example, a bunker buried in the ground or under a layer of snow. This allows you to mask the UAV 2 launch site almost anywhere.

As shown in FIG. 1, to load the rotary launcher 7, the UAV 2 is installed on the rotary launcher 7, which is in the closed position 1 in the mode of waiting for a command. On the rotary launcher 7 may be 1 or more UAVs 2 together with their launch mechanism.

On the outer side of the closed position 1, there are optical means for detecting a target 3, which, in the event of a target appearing, transmit a signal to the target designation system 4 located inside the closed position 1. The target designation system 4 sets the azimuthal angle and elevation angle to the charged rotary trigger 7 placed under the rotary cover 10 upper overlap 9 inside the closed position 1. The azimuth angle is the angle of rotation of the launcher 7 in the horizontal plane. The elevation angle is the angle of rotation of the launcher 7 in the vertical plane.

The rotary trigger 7 together with the rotary cover 10 is rotated around the vertical axis of rotation 14 at a given azimuth angle and elevation angle. In the rotary cover 10, the hatch cover 12 is opened. The hatch 11 is located on the flight path of the UAV 2 at the place of departure of the UAV 2. The UAV 2 is launched from the rotary launcher 7 through the open hatch 11 in the rotary cover 10 at the command from the target designation system 4.

Turning the rotary trigger 7 to a given azimuthal angle, lifting it to the starting position, opening the hatch cover 12 by means of a hinge connection 13 occurs simultaneously. This increases the efficiency of launching the UAV 2, protecting the launch of the UAV 2 from climatic and external influences, increasing the secrecy of the launch of the UAV 2. This allows you to automate the operational launch of multiple UAVs 2 with increased secrecy and protection from external influences.

To increase the efficiency and long-term operation of the closed position 1 in autonomous mode, it is required to increase the ammunition load of the UAV 2. To do this, as shown in Fig. 2, a drive is installed in the form of a rack 5, on which the launch containers 6 are stored. This allows you to automate the process of launching the UAV 2. Inside each container 6 there is a UAV 2. Next to the rack 5 there is a rotary launcher 7 in the form of a platform rotating around its vertical axis rotation 14, as well as moving in the vertical direction with the help of a jack 8.

In the upper ceiling 9 of the protective position 1, a rotary cover 10 is located, with the possibility of rotation around the vertical axis of rotation 14 of the rotary trigger 7. In the rotary cover 10, a hatch 11 is made, which is closed by the hatch cover 12. The hatch cover 12 is connected to the rotary trigger 7 by a hinge connection 13. The target designation system 4 is electrically connected to the rotary trigger 7 with the possibility of automating the passage of the UAV 2 launch command.

The method is implemented as follows.

As shown in FIG. 2, for loading the rotary launcher 7, the launch containers 6 containing the UAV 2 inside and the UAV launch mechanism (not shown in Fig. 1) are installed on the horizontal rack 5, which is in the closed position 1.

Rotary starting device 7 is transferred to a horizontal position. Then, the rotary launcher 7 is raised with the help of a jack 8 to the height of the loaded launch container 6 placed in the rack 5. installation of the launch container 6 on the rotary device 7, as shown in Fig. one

The launch container 6 is moved from the rack 5 to the rotary launcher 7. The target designation system 4 receives information from the target detection tool 3 and sets the azimuth and elevation angles to the rotary trigger 7.

The rotary trigger 7 together with the rotary cover 10 is rotated around the vertical axis of rotation 14 of the trigger 7 by the azimuth angle, and at the same time it is raised to the starting position by the elevation angle. In this case, due to the hinge connection 13, simultaneously with the lifting of the starting device 7, the hatch cover 12 opens, as shown in Fig. 2.

The UAV 2 is launched from the launch container 6 installed in the rotary launcher 7 through the open hatch 11 in the rotary cover 10 on command from the target designation system 4. The target designation system 4 performs video monitoring before launch, during launch and after it over the entire air hemisphere around the closed positions 5. The used launch container 6 is returned in reverse order to its original place in the rack 5. The target is detected and the UAV 2 is launched automatically.

This makes it possible to obtain a technical result in the form of increasing the efficiency of launching the UAV, protecting the launch of the UAV from climatic and external influences, increasing the stealth of the launch of the UAV and increasing the ammunition load.

Improving the efficiency of launching UAVs is ensured by a high level of automation of both the process of pointing and launching UAVs, and its automated loading into the launcher as part of launch containers. Interfacing with the target designation system significantly increases the efficiency of targeting and launching the UAV.

UAV launch protection from climatic and external influences is ensured by placing the launcher and all its life support systems in a closed position, under the ceiling.

Increasing the secrecy of the launch of the UAV is ensured by placing in a closed position with an opening hatch only at the time of the launch of the UAV and the absence of launch traces (for example, fired parts or launch containers). The use of UAVs with electric propulsion systems is especially effective in order to increase stealth.

The increase in the ammunition load is provided by the possibility of automated reloading of the launcher by launch containers with UAVs installed in them.

Industrial Applicability

It is possible to use the invention in anti-UAV systems for both civilian and military targets. In general, the considered embodiment of the invention was implemented on currently existing equipment using available materials. This confirms its performance and industrial applicability.

Claims (4)

1. A method for launching unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) from a closed position, which consists in loading the launcher with unmanned aerial vehicles, setting the azimuth and elevation angle of the target, launching the UAV, characterized in that when the target appears, they are detected by optical means of target detection located above the upper overlapping the closed position, and transmit a signal to the target designation system, which sets the azimuthal angle and elevation angle to the charged rotary trigger placed under the upper overlap rotary cover inside the closed position, then the rotary trigger, together with the rotary cover, is rotated around the vertical axis by the specified azimuth angle and angle places, in the rotary cover, open the hatch cover at the place where the UAV takes off, launch the UAV from the rotary launcher through the open hatch in the rotary cover at the command from the target designation system. 2. Starting method according to claim 1, characterized in that when turning the rotary trigger at a given azimuth angle, it is simultaneously raised to the starting position and the hatch cover is opened by means of a hinge connection. 3. The launch method according to claim 1, characterized in that when loading the rotary launcher, the UAV is installed in the launch containers, which are mounted horizontally on a rack in the closed position, the rotary launcher is transferred to a horizontal position, then it is raised to the height of the rack of the loaded launch container, rotate the rotary launcher around the vertical axis until the loaded launch container and the seat on the rotary launcher are aligned, move the launch container from the rack to the rotary launcher, launch the UAV from the launch container installed in the rotary launcher, the used launch container return to its original place in the rack of launch containers in reverse order. 4. The launch method according to claim 1, characterized in that the target is detected and the UAV is launched automatically.

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