RU2674640C1 - Aircraft system for detection and extinguishing of fires at incipient stage and method for its use - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aviation equipment for extinguishing fires. In the method, the aircraft system includes an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with foldable load-bearing surfaces, equipped with equipment for detection and identification of areas with fires at the incipient stage, on-board reservoir, automatic water refueling system, self-propelled mobile UAV control point, which provides for the adjustment of the flight mission, operation and maintenance apparatus. During the fire season, the aviation system is placed on a platform for launching the UAV that monitors the situation and extinguishes fires. Said operation and maintenance apparatus is used to replenish the fuel and water.EFFECT: invention is aimed at improving the efficiency of extinguishing fires.3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to unmanned aerial vehicles for fire control in the early stages of the possible occurrence of fires in a fire hazard period, including in remote areas.

A known complex for operational spot fire extinguishing of fires "Raven 700", including an unmanned helicopter, equipped with communications with a ground control point and fire "bombs" with flame-retardant substances discharged above the source of ignition and detonated by electronic systems directly above the ground (INTERFAX-AVN "An unmanned" bomber "has been created in Russia to extinguish point fires" 12.24.2015, 11:49:54).

The disadvantage of this technical device is the absence in the complex of means of target designation of fires, which does not allow for the rapid discharge of fire-extinguishing substances in real time, as well as the danger to people who are near the fire because of the explosion of "bombs" with fire-fighting substances.

Also known is the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) of the aircraft type ZALA 421-16E +, equipped with on-board equipment for conducting air reconnaissance, which makes it possible to record even minor foci of ignition, as well as detect burning peat mines with the transmission of video images to the control center in real time (Robo Trends . "UAVs - the future of fire fighting. ZALA AERO GROUP. Unmanned systems).

The disadvantage of this technical device is the inability to discharge flaming fluid to the fire immediately upon detection.

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution for creating an aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires is a complex consisting of a UAV Flyox Mark I and Flyox Mark II long flight in different configurations. UAVs can be equipped with equipment for monitoring areas with a fire hazard situation or a water tank and systems for discharging it to fire and refueling in planing mode (Robo Trends website. UAV catalog. - Firefighters and UAVs.).

The disadvantages of this technical solution for creating an aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires is the inability to extinguish the fire in the early stages, immediately upon its discovery, the need for airfield support with a strip for take-off and landing, which may be due to the great distance from the fire hazardous area and, in this regard, a delay in the time of extinguishing the fire.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of an aviation complex with an unmanned aerial vehicle, which continuously monitors areas in a fire hazard period with the possibility of detecting and extinguishing fires immediately after they are discovered and an effective method of its application.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the aviation complex (AK) includes:

an aircraft-type reusable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with folding and unfolding bearing surfaces that have slots for connecting a portable device for folding and unfolding bearing surfaces, the UAV has shock-absorbing fixed landing gear, is equipped with fire detection and identification equipment and an on-board tank with an automatic fueling system water in flight from natural reservoirs, including the rotation mechanism of a water intake device consisting of a pipe of water an intake device with a non-return valve installed at the entrance to the on-board tank, and an scooping device on the rotary part of the pipe oriented in the direction of the UAV flight, an automatic controlled water discharge system and two power units for installing and removing the UAV from the self-propelled vehicle included in the AK;

self-propelled vehicle (STS) equipped with a lifting mechanism with an arrow;

self-propelled mobile UAV control center (SMPU), having a compartment with equipment that allows the operator to carry out the correction of the flight mission during the flight;

Maintenance and Maintenance Machine (METO), which provides UAV fueling with fuel and water and equipped with a portable device for activating the mechanism of folding-unfolding UAV bearing surfaces.

During long-term operation of the AK crew during a fire-hazardous period, the SMPU can be equipped with a compartment for accommodation and rest of the crew.

In the method of using the aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires, AK receives information on the coordinates of the area with increased fire hazard, after receiving the information, the AK is moved from the place of permanent deployment to the site nearest to the area to launch the UAV, upon arrival, using a lifting mechanism with a self-propelled transport boom UAV means and power units are installed on the take-off platform. Using a portable device to activate the folding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces, the folded bearing surfaces are opened. Using an operational technical support vehicle, the UAV is filled with fuel and water. After the UAV takes off according to the program, using the equipment for detecting and identifying fire sources, it monitors a given area and transmits information to a self-propelled mobile control center. Upon detection of a source of ignition, the UAV automatically maneuvers with access to the source of ignition and, depending on the size and shape of the source of ignition, determines the discharge of water from the on-board tank to the source of ignition. It transmits information about the extinguishing results, receives a command from the SMPU to enter the area of a natural reservoir that meets the requirements for water intake, reduces the flight speed and altitude to the possibility of using an automatic water filling system, turns on the rotation mechanism of the intake device, turns the pipe with a scoop device. Due to the high-speed pressure, it fills the airborne tank with water, increases the flight altitude until the scooping device leaves the water, turns on the rotation mechanism of the water intake device and puts the water intake device in its original position. Then it carries out a new flight to the monitoring area or again to the fire source for water discharge. In the absence of natural reservoirs, UAVs are returned to the take-off place, after landing, the UAVs are refueled with fuel and water using the maintenance and technical vehicle, and in the absence of fire sources during flight, the UAVs are returned to the take-off site and refuel. Using a self-propelled vehicle, the UAV is deployed at the take-off site, a new flight mission is introduced, and a command is given to take off the UAV. After completing the task of detecting and extinguishing fires, UAVs are returned to their take-off place, their bearing surfaces are folded up, UAVs are mounted on a self-propelled vehicle, and AKs are returned to their permanent location.

The drawings show the elements of an aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires according to the proposed technical solution.

FIG. 1 - UAV.

FIG. 2 - general view of the STS with the UAV placed on it.

FIG. 3 - SMPU.

FIG. 4 - METO and a device for activating the folding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces.

Accepted designations:

1. Folding-folding bearing surfaces.

2. Depreciable fixed landing gear.

3. Sockets for connecting a device for activating the folding-unfolding mechanism of UAV bearing surfaces.

4. Capacity for water.

5. The rotation mechanism of the intake device.

6. Check valve.

7. Pipe water intake device.

8. Scooping device.

9. The drain valve.

10. Equipment for the detection and identification of fires.

11. Power nodes (eyes).

12. The lifting mechanism with an arrow.

13. Compartment SMPU with equipment.

14. Compartment for accommodation and rest of the AK crew.

15. Device for activating the folding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces.

The UAV (Fig. 1) is made according to the airplane plan of the high-wing, with folding-folding bearing surfaces (1), shock-absorbing fixed gear landing gear (2). On the consoles of the folding links of the bearing surfaces, there are nests (3) for connecting the device for activating the mechanism of folding-unfolding the bearing surfaces of the UAV (15). On the front end bottom of the water tank (4) there is a rotation mechanism of the water intake device (5) and a check valve (6). At the end of the pipe of the water intake device (7), a scoop device (8) of water in flight from natural reservoirs is installed. At the bottom of the water tank there is a drain valve (9) with a diaphragm-type opening for adjustable water discharge. The equipment for the detection and identification of fires (10) is located in front of the fuselage. On the upper surface of the center section in the vicinity of the center of mass there are 2 power units (eyes) (11) for lifting the UAV during unloading and loading on the STU.

For example, according to preliminary calculations, an UAV can have the following main parameters:

Total take-off weight - 4000 kg.

The weight of the structure with equipment (without fuel) is 1900 kg.

The weight of water recruited into the on-board tank is 2000 kg.

The fuel weight for 7 hours of flight is 100 kg.

Propulsion: 2 piston engines of 150 l / s.

Aerodynamic quality - 14-16.

Wingspan - 16 m, fuselage length - 8.5 m.

The stabilizer span is 3.5 m, the keel height is 1.5 m.

The flight speed is 200 km / h.

Maximum flight altitude - 3000 m.

STS (Fig. 2) allows you to install and remove UAVs with folded bearing surfaces (wings and feathering elements) located on it with a lifting mechanism with an arrow (12). In this case, the onboard water tank (4) and the fuel tank (not indicated) may not be refueled in order to ensure the smallest UAV weight during transportation. UAV with folded bearing surfaces mounted on the STS (Fig. 2) has dimensions that satisfy the requirements for transportation on roads.

The SMPU (Fig. 3) is equipped with a compartment with equipment (13), which allows the operator, along with the preparation and remote entry of the flight mission on board the UAV, to receive information from the UAV, to adjust the flight mission in flight. Given that the fire hazard period can be long, the SMPU is also equipped with a compartment for accommodation and rest of the AK crew (14).

METO (Fig. 4) has on board a supply of fuel and water and the necessary devices for refueling UAVs with fuel and water (not shown), as well as for replenishing its reserves (fuel and water) from external sources during UAV flight. The METO equipment kit contains a portable device for activating the folding-unfolding mechanism of UAV bearing surfaces (15), which is connected to the sockets (3) located on the links of the bearing surfaces and has an electrical connection with METO.

The functioning of the aviation complex detection and extinguishing of fires is as follows.

During the fire hazard period, when obtaining the coordinates of the area with increased fire hazard at the SMPU, AK as part of the STS with the UAV placed on it (Fig. 2), the SMPU (Fig. 3) and METO (Fig. 4) are put forward to the launch pad closest to the area UAV. Upon arrival, with the help of a lifting mechanism with an arrow (12) STS capture by power nodes (11), UAVs are installed on the take-off platform. Using a portable device for activating the folding-unfolding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces (15), the folded folding-unfolding bearing surfaces (1) are opened, the onboard UAV control system is turned on and the UAV is refueled with fuel and water from the METO. A flight mission is introduced into the UAV control system (not shown) to provide programmed flight over the area of possible ignition. After that, turn on the propulsion system and give a command to take off the UAV. Take-off (landing) of UAVs due to shock-absorbing fixed landing gear racks (2) and high aerodynamic quality can be carried out from unequipped ground sites. The UAV according to the program, using the equipment for detecting and identifying fire sources (10), monitors a given area and transmits information to the SMPU. Upon detection of a source of ignition, a UAV, on command from the SMPU or in automatic mode, maneuvers with access to the source of ignition and, depending on the size and shape of the source of ignition identified and identified by it, performs an adjustable discharge of water through the drain valve (9) from the side tank (4) to the source of ignition. It transmits information on the extinguishing results to the SMPU, receives a command from the SMPU to enter the area of the natural reservoir that meets the requirements for water intake. For water intake, it reduces the speed and altitude of the flight, and includes a rotation mechanism for the water intake device (5). After installing the pipe of the water intake device in the position for water intake and touching the water surface with the scoop device (8), water is drawn. Upon filling the on-board tank (4) with water, the UAV increases the flight altitude, and after the scoop device (8) leaves the water, it turns on the rotation mechanism of the water intake device (5), returns the pipe (7) with the scoop device (8) to its original position. When the scoop device (8) leaves the water, the non-return valve (6) is triggered, and the UAV with the flight task corrected from the SMPU performs a new flight to the monitoring area or again to the fire source for water discharge. For UAVs with the parameters presented for example, at the lowest possible UAV flight speed when taking water 100-150 km / h, the mirror of the free surface of the water of a natural reservoir should be at least (800-1000) × 50 meters.

In the absence of natural reservoirs, UAVs are returned to the take-off place, after landing with the help of METO, UAVs are refueled with fuel and water. If during the flight of the UAV no ignition sites were found, then, as fuel is exhausted, the UAV is returned to the take-off place, refuel with METO, deploy the UAV at the take-off site, enter a new flight mission and give the command to take off the UAV.

After completing the task of monitoring and extinguishing fires, UAVs are returned to the take-off site. Using a device for activating the folding-unfolding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces (15), the bearing surfaces are folded. Using a lifting mechanism with an arrow (12), UAVs are installed on the STS, and the AKs are returned to the place of permanent deployment.

The proposed technical solution, in comparison with the known ones, makes it possible to quickly (immediately upon detection) extinguish fires, including in hard-to-reach areas, and the use of a controlled water discharge system is targeted and safe for people near the fire.

Claims (3)

1. An aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires using an unmanned aerial vehicle, including a ground control point with the ability to prepare and enter a flight mission and a maintenance point, characterized in that one unmanned aerial vehicle is used to solve the problems of detecting and extinguishing fires aircraft-type reusable apparatus (UAV) with folding-folding bearing surfaces having slots for connecting a portable device laying and unfolding bearing surfaces, the UAV has shock-absorbing fixed landing gear, is equipped with equipment for detecting and identifying fire sources and an on-board tank with an automatic refueling system in flight from natural reservoirs, including a rotation mechanism for a water intake device consisting of a pipe of an intake device installed at the entrance to the side tank with a check valve, and a scoop on the rotary part of the pipe, oriented in the direction of the UAV’s flight, automatically a controlled water discharge system and two power units for installing and removing UAVs from a self-propelled vehicle included in the AK equipped with a lifting mechanism with an arrow, a self-propelled UAV mobile control station with a compartment with equipment that allows the operator to carry out flight task corrections during the flight, a car maintenance, providing UAV fueling with fuel and water and equipped with a portable device for activating the mechanism of folding-unfolding carriers overhnostey UAV. 2. The aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires under fire according to claim 1, characterized in that the self-propelled mobile control center is equipped with a compartment for accommodating and resting the AK crew. 3. The method of application of the aviation complex for detecting and extinguishing fires, including obtaining information about the coordinates of the fire at the ground control point, transmitting the coordinates of the fire to the UAV, the flight of the UAV to the fire, dumping water supplies to the fire, flying to a natural reservoir, refueling the onboard tank with water, returning to the source of ignition or returning to the place of basing, characterized in that the aircraft receives information on the coordinates of the area with increased fire hazard, after receiving information AC missions are moved out of the place of permanent deployment to the UAV launch pad closest to the area, upon arrival, using a lifting mechanism with a boom of a self-propelled vehicle and power units, UAVs are installed on the take-off platform, using a portable device to activate the folding-unfolding mechanism of the UAV bearing surfaces, open folded bearing surfaces, using an operational technical support vehicle, fill the UAV with fuel and water, after the UAV takes off according to the program using the app The detection and identification of ignition zones monitors a given area and transmits information to a self-propelled mobile control center; when an UAV ignition zone is detected, it automatically maneuvers with access to the ignition zone; depending on the size and shape of the ignition zone, it determines the controlled discharge of water from the on-board capacity to the fire source, transmits information about the results of the extinguishing, receives a command from the self-propelled mobile control center to exit to the pr a non-native reservoir satisfying the requirements for water intake reduces the flight speed and altitude to the possibility of using an automatic water refueling system, turns on the rotation mechanism of the water intake device, turns the pipe with a scoop device, fills the side tank with water due to the high-speed pressure, increases the flight height until the scoop device exits out of the water, turns on the rotation mechanism of the intake device, transfers the intake device to its original position and carries out a new flight to the river The monitoring area or again to the source of ignition to discharge water, and in the absence of natural reservoirs that meet the requirements for water intake, UAVs are returned to the take-off place, after landing, the UAVs are refueled with fuel and water after landing with the maintenance and technical equipment, if there are no airplanes during the flight As the fuel source develops, the UAV is returned to the take-off place, refuel, using a self-propelled vehicle, deploy the UAV at the take-off site, introduce a new flight danie command and supplied to the UAV off by the task detection and extinguishing fires UAV is returned to the take-off position, is folded bearing surface, UAV mounted on self-propelled vehicle is returned to the place AK permanent deployment.

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