RU2641392C1 - Unit for hydrotransportation of loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.SUBSTANCE: unit comprises means for feeding a loose material and a fluid into a tank to form a suspension, a centrifugal pump, a water jet elevator, a device for separating the suspension into the liquid and the solid phases, made in the form of a belt conveyor. The conveyor belt is equipped with sides of an elastic material arranged along the entire length with the formation of a trough. The unit has a drum with radial elastic elements arranged on the entire surface, installed with clamping against the belt and equipped with a drive of rotational motion around its axis. In the suspension feeding device area, fixed transverse shields are installed on the belt from both sides of the suspension feeding device, eliminating the suspension splashing.EFFECT: unit can easily be adjusted to transport the suspension with a change in the productivity, the solid phase concentration, and its dispersion.2 dwg

Description

The widespread hydrotransportation of solid and bulk materials around the world is driven by economic considerations. This is one of the cheapest methods of transportation, and over considerable distances, of minerals, sand during the reclamation and deepening of rivers, cinder in sulfuric acid production, in the production of fertilizers, etc.

At the same time, there is the problem of hydrotransportation, especially of condensed suspensions with an abrasive solid phase, associated with the wear of pumping equipment. In the present invention, the task is to reduce the specified wear using separators on the main pumping line.

A known unit for separating suspensions (RF patent 2221623, 01/20/2004, IPC (51) 7, V01D 33/04), which contains a conveying device in the form of a conveyor belt, drive and tension drums, a suspension supply device, a container for collecting liquid and solid phases placed along the tape having a curved shape, fixed inclined troughs for draining the liquid phase, elastic elements along the entire surface of the tape.

Disadvantages of the unit:

- When moving the tape into the stationary gutters, both liquid and solid phases can drain, which prevents separation;

- When performing the tape curved and more inclined towards the container to collect the liquid phase, nothing constructively prevents the solid phase from entering the container.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for transporting suspensions containing a centrifugal pump, a water-jet elevator, a stationary cylindrical body connected to a water-jet elevator and a centrifugal pump, a conical nozzle located in the internal volume of the body, having a rotational drive around a vertical axis. The device has a liquid phase receiver mounted at the junction of the cylindrical and conical parts of the housing. On the peripheral part of the conical nozzle are two separation devices, the upper of which is in communication with the receiver of the liquid phase. A cylindrical cup is installed above the sprayer (RF patent 2212566, 09/20/2003, IPC F04D 13/12, F04D 29/70).

The disadvantages of the device:

- The complexity of the design, which is a separator of suspensions, due to the presence of rotating parts;

- The device is not suitable for transporting suspensions with a polydisperse phase having large particles that can clog the gaps between the cylindrical and conical parts.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a unit for the hydrotransport of granular media, structurally not complicated, providing high efficiency at low energy consumption, reliability, sufficiently high and adjustable performance, eliminating the rapid wear of pumping equipment.

The problem is achieved in that in the unit for the hydrotransport of bulk materials containing means for supplying bulk material and liquid, a suspension tank, a centrifugal pump, a water-jet elevator, a device for separating the suspension into solid and liquid phases, containers for collecting liquid and solid phases connected to a water-jet elevator, a device for separating the suspension is made in the form of a conveyor belt with the ability to change the angle of inclination to the horizon.

The conveyor belt is provided with flanges of elastic material placed along the entire length with the formation of a gutter; above the container for collecting the solid phase of the suspension, a drum with radial elastic elements located over the entire surface is pressed against the conveyor belt. The drum is equipped with a rotational drive around its axis. In the area of the slurry feed device, two fixed transverse shields are installed on two sides of the slurry feed device.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a unit for hydrotransporting suspensions; in FIG. 2 - section aa tape with sides of elastic elements.

The slurry hydrotransportation unit contains means for supplying bulk material - a hopper 1, a conveyor 2 - and liquids - a pipe 3 and a suspension tank 4, a water-jet elevators 5 and 6, a centrifugal pump 7, a conveyor belt 8, with a conveyor belt 9 and curved sides 10 of elastic material representing a gutter. The unit has a device 15 for supplying a suspension to the tape, transverse stationary shields 16, containers for the liquid phase 11, the solid phase of the suspension 12, the drum 13 pressed against the tape 9.

The unit operates as follows.

The bulk material to be transported is fed from the hopper 1 by the transport device 2 into the container for the suspension 4, where the liquid phase is fed through the pipeline 3. The resulting suspension from the tank 4 enters the inlet of the water-jet elevator 5 through its passive nozzle. The flow of the suspension is accelerated due to the vacuum created in the pump using a high-speed flow of water through the active (working) nozzle. The length of the main section of the pipeline 14 depends on the speed head obtained at the outlet of the water-jet elevator 5. Then, after passing a certain section of the pipeline 14, the stream from the device 15 for feeding the suspension enters the belt 9 of the conveyor belt 8, which is a device for separating the suspensions into solid and liquid phase. The bead is located along the entire length and made of elastic material 10. Thanks to their presence and the formation of a grooved shape, the possibility of runoff of the suspension or separately of the liquid and solid phase in the transverse direction is excluded. The sides have a height of 20-30% of the width of the tape, good elasticity and plastic deformability, which excludes their separation from the tape when it is bent at a bend. Due to the presence of fixed transverse shields 16, the spray of the suspension is excluded when it is fed to the tape.

The angle of inclination of the conveyor 8 to the horizon may vary, which depends on the dispersion of the solid particles in the suspension and their concentration.

When separating the suspension on the belt, the liquid phase enters the tank 11 located in the lower part of the conveyor, from where it is pumped into the working nozzle of the water-jet elevator 6 by the centrifugal pump 7. The solid phase flow formed in the upper part of the separator is guided by the drum 13 into the tank 12 connected to the bottom of passive nozzle of a water-jet elevator 6.

Due to the presence on the surface of the drum 13 of radial elastic elements, the direction of solid particles into the container 12 and the cleaning of the tape are ensured.

The use in this unit of a suspension separator in the form of the described tape device allows you to:

- To carry out the transportation of suspensions with a polydisperse solid phase having solid particles of significant sizes;

- Easy to readjust the unit when changing the type of suspension, performance, concentration of the solid phase; this will be facilitated by the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the separator-conveyor, the speed of the tape, a grooved form of tape and sides;

- The presence of a small amount of small solid particles in the liquid phase will not adversely affect the rapid wear of the impellers of a centrifugal pump.

The water-jet elevator 6 used in this unit, despite the low efficiency of these devices, is able to provide a sufficiently high outlet pressure. The latter determines the length of the main pipeline to the next slurry separator.

Described, in accordance with the invention, the unit is quite simple in a structural respect and low energy.

Claims (1)

A unit for the hydrotransport of bulk materials containing means for supplying bulk material and liquid, a container for a suspension, a centrifugal pump, a water-jet elevator, a device for separating a suspension into solid and liquid phases, a device for feeding a suspension, containers for collecting liquid and solid phases connected to a water-jet elevator characterized in that the device for separating the suspension is made in the form of a conveyor belt installed with the ability to change the angle of inclination to the horizon, the conveyor belt with it is fitted with flanges of elastic material placed along the entire length with the formation of a trough; above the container for collecting the solid phase of the suspension, a drum with radial elastic elements located on the entire surface is placed against the conveyor belt, equipped with a rotational drive around its axis, and in the zone of suspension supply the tape on both sides of the slurry feeder has fixed transverse shields.

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