RU2536626C2 - Individual intraoral respiratory training system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine and aims at generating high respiratory resistance. An individual intraoral respiratory training system in the form of a tray covers the dental arch, the hard palate and the vestibular clivus on the upper jaw and dental cusps and teeth cutting edges on the lower jaw. The training system is made of a polymer; it covers the vestibular clivuses of the upper jaw at 2 mm from the dental cusp. The training system covers the dental arch to the second molars of the upper and lower jaws, while a distal border of the palatal portion of the training system is found within the range from a line drawn from mesial surfaces of the first premolars of the upper jaw, to a line drawn between distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw. The training system has a vestibular surface 2-3.5 mm thick and an occlusal surface 3-5 mm thick.

EFFECT: invention result consists in the fact that the individual intraoral respiratory training system with the modified thickened palatal portion leaves the lower jaw motions unblocked and can be used during trainings aiming at improving the sportsmen's functional efficiency by means of resistive-respiratory loads, as well as more complete adaptation to protective trays.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine and is intended to create increased resistance to breathing.

It is known that breathing under conditions of increased resistive and elastic resistance to breathing is an effective means of enhancing the effect of physical exertion on the body. Currently, for the prevention of injuries of the maxillofacial region in both professional and amateur sports, along with other means of protection, individual sports protective mouthguards are used.

Known sports dental tire made of silicone composition, including silicone rubber, modified aerosil and zinc oxide [1].

Known boxing preventive jaw tire in the form of a horseshoe-shaped plate made of injection molding polyurethane SKU-PFL, while the thickness of the working surface of the tire is 0.5-0.8 mm [2].

Known sports dental tires made of elastic plastic, covering the dentition on the upper jaw, part of the hard palate and the vestibular slope of the alveolar processes, and on the lower jaw - teeth to the equator, while the tires are made taking into account a gap of 0.5 mm over the entire surface of the tooth crown restored by structural material [3]. - The prototype.

Known mouthguards provide a more snug fit to the tissues, which can significantly reduce the risk of injury. In addition, it is easier to adapt to them, as they are more comfortable to use. However, for the most complete adaptation to the kappa, it is necessary to wear it continuously during any training activity, and not exclusively at competitions or during sparring. It has been established that mouth guards even with a maximally reduced palatine part have a resistive effect on respiration.

The technical result of the invention lies in the fact that an individual intraoral breathing simulator with a modified thickened palatine part does not block the movements of the lower jaw and can be used during training aimed at increasing the functional preparedness of athletes using resistive-respiratory loads, as well as for more complete adaptation to protective mouth guards.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the individual mouthguard breathing simulator in the form of a mouthguard covers the dentition, the hard palate and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw and partially the dentition on the lower jaw, is made of polymer material, while the simulator covers the vestibular slope of the upper jaw, retreating 2 mm from the gingival groove, as well as tubercles and cutting edges of the teeth of the lower jaw, while the simulator overlaps the dentition to the second molars of the upper and lower jaws, and the distal border of the palatine and the simulator is located in the range from the line drawn between the mesial surfaces of the first maxillary premolar to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first maxillary molars, and the simulator has a vestibular surface thickness of 2-3.5 mm and an occlusal surface of 3-5 mm.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows a front view, Fig.2 is a side view, Fig.3 is a top view, Fig.4 is a bottom view, Fig.5 is a rear view, Fig.6 - rear view of the model.

An individual intraoral breathing simulator (hereinafter referred to as the simulator) for placement on the upper jaw is made in the form of a mouthguard and covers the dentition, part of the hard palate and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw, and chewing tubercles and cutting edges of the teeth on the lower jaw. The upper jaw simulator covers the vestibular slope of the upper jaw, retreating 2 mm from the gingival groove. The simulator overlaps the dentition to the second molars. The distal border of the palatine part of the simulator is in the range from the line drawn between the mesial surfaces of the first premolars of the upper jaw to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw. Exercise machines have a thickness of the vestibular surface of 2-3.5 mm and a thickness of the occlusal surface of 3-5 mm. Exercise machines are made of polymer structural material.

In special cases of execution:

the palatine part of the simulator is adjacent to the hard palate and has a thickness of 3-10 mm;

the palatine part of the simulator completely fills the arch of the hard palate to the level of the occlusal surface of the teeth;

the simulator is made of a polymer material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tear resistance of 407.8 kgf / cm ³ by lamination in a press and thermoforming unit.

An individual intraoral breathing simulator creates resistance to the air flow during breathing, while due to varying the thickness of the palatine, vestibular and occlusal surfaces, based on anthropometric features, the degree of separation of the dentition at rest, the athlete’s bite, the dentist can make a simulator for respiratory resistive training set by the trainer intensity.

An individual intraoral breathing simulator is made by lamination in a press and thermoforming unit, for example, DRUFOMAT, as follows.

The dentist makes one impression from the upper and lower jaws. The impression must accurately reproduce the teeth, the gum right up to the transitional fold, frenulum, the hard palate is full. Based on the prints, gypsum models are made of class IV gypsum. On the models, the borders of the simulator are drawn and all the side parts of the model that are outside the outlined contour are cut off. To ensure the required thickness for the completed simulator, the model should be processed using a gypsum trimmer so that the height of the model in the area of the front teeth is 25 mm and in the area of the back teeth is 22 mm.

Models are fixed in the articulator so that then they can be removed together. The models are abundantly moistened and an alginate insulating substance is applied to them. Go to the process of thermoforming. The model is placed on a pimple plate covering the pellet container. The highest part of the model should be centered on the heating element. The plate is laid on the ring for the plates of the DRUFOMAT installation and fixed. Fix the heater in the installation and set the heating time to 2 minutes After the lapse of time, the plate will bend strongly towards the model. Thermoforming is carried out according to the instructions for the DRUFOMAT installation. Cool the plate under pressure for at least 5 minutes. Open the installation and remove the plate on the model. Cut off the excess and form the final form of the simulator using scissors in accordance with the figure on the model. To obtain the thickness required from the point of view of the dentist, the material is ground off from the vestibular and occlusal surfaces of the simulator with a polymer nozzle on a direct tip on a micromotor.

In the particular case of execution:

In order for the tread to completely fill the arch of the hard palate to the level of the occlusal surface of the teeth, the pieces obtained after trimming the first plate are heated with a burner and glued onto the palatal surface of the tread with a spatula.

Next, thermoforming of the second plate is carried out, while the heating phase is 2.5 minutes. The plates are allowed to cool for 10-15 minutes. The tread is cut in accordance with the first plate using scissors.

Clarify the occlusal contacts with the help of an articulator, and then the simulator is subjected to traditional processing.

For the manufacture of the simulator, in particular, plates of a thermoplastic material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tensile strength of 407.8 kgf / cm ^{3 can be used} .

Information sources

1. Patent RU 2291881 C1, publ. 01/20/2007. "A method of manufacturing sports dental tires."

2. Patent RU 935097, publ. 06/15/1982. "Boxing preventive dental splint."

3. Patent RU 2306163 C2, publ. 09/20/2007. "Sports Dental Tires."

Claims (4)

1. An individual mouthguard in the shape of a mouthguard, covering the dentition, hard palate and the vestibular slope on the upper jaw and chewing tubercles and cutting edges of the teeth on the lower jaw, made of polymer material, covering the vestibular slope on the upper jaw, retreating 2 mm from the gingival groove, while the simulator overlaps the dentition to the second molars of the upper and lower jaws, and the distal border of the palatine part of the simulator is in the range from the line drawn between the mesial surfaces the first premolars of the upper jaw to the line drawn between the distal surfaces of the first molars of the upper jaw, and the simulator has a thickness of the vestibular surface of 2-3.5 mm and a thickness of the occlusal surface of 3-5 mm 2. Individual intraoral breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the palatine part of the simulator is adjacent to the hard palate and has a thickness of 3-10 mm 3. The individual intraoral breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the palatine part of the simulator completely fills the arch of the hard palate to the level of the occlusal surface. 4. The individual intraoral breathing simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a polymer structural material having a hardness of 80 Shore units, tensile strength of at least 183.5 kgf / cm ² and tear resistance of 407.8 kgf / cm ³ by lamination in a press and thermoforming installation.

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