RU2531671C2 - Method of fuel supply control and fuel supply control unit - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motors and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: method of fuel supply control is proposed, which consists in that the fuel pressure is formed by the high pressure fuel pump, the fuel is supplied to the high-pressure hydraulic accumulator (HPHA) and a certain pressure level is established therein using the high-pressure control valve. The fuel is supplied to each injector at the pressure set for all injectors from common HPHA, the fuel is supplied under the needle and to the camera above the needle, during injection the fuel from the camera above the needle is drained through the duct, which is open by the second mechanical valve. Due to the difference of pressures above and below the needle the needle lifted and fuel is injected, the second mechanical valve is closed. The first mechanical valve is opened, the fuel is supplied under high pressure to the camera above a needle, the needle is shifted to the seat due to high-pressure, effecting the needle from above. Using the proposed method it is possible to perform at least one preliminary injection, at least one main injection and at least one injection after the main one. Besides the device for implementation of the fuel supply control method is offered.

EFFECT: improvement of precision of dosing of amount of injected fuel and optimisation of the fuel combustion process.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for controlling the supply of fuel for internal combustion engines of diesel engines (hereinafter ICE), in stationary installations with high power diesel engines and mobile vehicles, on tractors with any type of transmission, in particular with electric transmission, for implementing a wide range of technologies in agriculture (plowing, threshing rolls with combines, laying rolls with reapers), for road-building machines and technologies implemented with their help, in automobile, railway and water transport, armored vehicles engineering and engineering machines

The prior art method for controlling the supply of fuel (Electro-hydraulic nozzle with a two-position valve. University proceedings. Mechanical engineering. - 2002. - No. 2. Authors SA Bogachev, Yu.E. Khryashchev).

This method of controlling fuel supply includes supplying high pressure fuel under the needle from the high pressure source, removing fuel from the chamber above the needle through the second mechanical valve, moving the needle to the upper position, supplying high pressure fuel through the first mechanical valve to the chamber above the needle from above, moving needles to the lowest position

This method involves independent and consistent operation of the filling and unloading valves controlled by a single spool and its actuator.

When the unloading valve is open and the on / off valve is in the left (upper) extreme position, the filling valve is closed.

Fuel is diverted through the discharge valve to an external container from the chamber above the needle, while fuel is supplied directly under the needle, bypassing the filling valve. The needle rises to the upper extreme position due to the pressure difference under and above the needle, openings under the needle open and injection occurs.

When the filling valve is open and the on / off valve is in the right (lower) extreme position, the discharge valve is closed. Fuel is supplied through the filling valve from the high-pressure hydraulic accumulator to the chamber above the needle, while fuel is supplied directly under the needle, bypassing the filling valve. The needle moves to the lower extreme position due to the difference in the area of the pad above the needle and the differential pad under the needle with the same pressure applied to the chamber above the needle and under the needle, the holes under the needle are closed and fuel is cut off. The known method has significant disadvantages.

The known method is implemented using an electric drive and a piezo drive, which requires additional energy sources on the vehicle and significant energy costs for the implementation of the method, complex schemes for its conversion. Piezo drives have sophisticated technology and ample roads. The movements of the spools are extremely small, therefore, additional movement multipliers for piezo drives are required.

The known method does not allow you to adjust the individual injection pressure and to realize the optimal fuel supply cycle.

The prior art device for controlling the supply of fuel (prototype) to an internal combustion engine (Electro-hydraulic nozzle with a two-position valve. University proceedings. Mechanical engineering. - 2002. - No. 2. Authors SA Bogachev, Yu.E. Khryashchev).

This device for realizing fuel supply control includes a nozzle with a needle without a spring, with two valves with mechanical switching from one position to another, a spray with one level of openings, a fuel tank, a fuel priming pump, a high pressure fuel pump, a hydraulic high pressure accumulator connected hydraulically .

In this device, the needle is not spring loaded, and the absence of a spring increases the speed of the needle and, as a result, improves fuel supply by forming steep feed fronts with minimization of transient losses.

In this device, the first mechanical valve - filling and the second mechanical valve - unloading operate in antiphase and have a common drive.

When the filling valve is open, the discharge valve is closed and, conversely, when the filling valve is closed, the discharge valve is open.

The known device with an electric actuator of a two-position valve requires an electric power consumption of up to 3 kW for a diesel engine with a capacity of 100 kW. Therefore, all significant studies on the management of fuel supply are aimed at reducing the energy of fuel supply control.

At the same time, sophisticated devices are needed for energy storage and conversion for short periods of time: injection time, cut-off time, which are calculated in milliseconds and their fractions. The device does not allow you to adjust the pressure of each injection, to implement the main injection of various configurations, does not meet modern environmental requirements for fuel supply systems.

An optimal injection cycle can contain five injections or even three injections and can be realized using new generation mechanical means.

In addition, the piezo drive has a high cost of up to 1000 euros per set for one cylinder, and cheaper drives are needed that have the same characteristics as the piezo drive for speed.

The aim of the invention is to increase the indicator efficiency, as well as simplifying, improving reliability and reducing the cost of fuel supply equipment.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of controlling the fuel supply, including switching two control valves from one position to another, supplying high pressure fuel under the needle from the high pressure source, removing fuel from the chamber above the needle through the open second mechanical valve and moving the needle to the upper position during injection, the movement of the needle to the lowest position, according to the invention, at least one preliminary injection is carried out to at least one main and at least the mind is one injection after at least one main injection, at the same time, at each preliminary injection, at each main injection and at each injection after the main injection, two mechanical valves are simultaneously mechanically moved by means of cams with microprofiles with a given height, rotating with a frequency proportional to the crankshaft speed the shaft interacting with a plate kinematically connected to two mechanical valves, close the first valve during injection and block the high-pressure fuel supply channel the control needle ring chamber, the second mechanical valve is opened during injection and the fuel removal channel is opened from the control needle ring chamber, the fuel is fed at high pressure from each high pressure hydraulic accumulator under the needle, the needle is moved to its highest position due to the pressure difference above and under the needle, hold the needle in the upper position when fuel is supplied to the cylinder due to the fuel pressure under the needle, hold both mechanical valves in the upper position by way of interaction of microprofiles with a given height with a convex surface of constant radius at the end of the plate for the duration of each injection, after the end of each preliminary injection, each main injection and each injection after the main, both mechanical valves are moved to the lowermost position, hold them in the lowermost position position during each cut-off, the first mechanical valve is opened during shut-off and fuel is supplied from the hydraulic high-pressure accumulator to the control the needle chamber through the first mechanical valve, close the second mechanical valve and stop the fuel removal through the second mechanical valve from the control needle ring chamber during cut-off, move the needle to its lowest position and hold it hydraulically for the duration of each cut-off, move the plate interacting with microprofiles controlling injections along the axis of the cam shaft with microprofiles with a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the axis of the cam shaft and the edge of each microprofile parallel to the bevel of the convex surface at the end of the plate, manually or automatically, change the length of the convex surface along the bevel with continuous control and change the duration of each injection, while performing at least one preliminary injection, one main injection, at least one injection after the main one when controlling the movement of mechanical valves operating in antiphase during injection and cut-off, and controlling the duration of each injection by a fast-acting with an eversive mechanical actuator, the individual pressure level supplied to each individual nozzle before each subsequent injection is set independently of the control of the movement of the mechanical valves and the control of the duration of the injections during the previous cut-off using a second piezo-actuated control valve for each nozzle installed between the nozzle and discharge or hydraulic accumulator of low pressure, during the implementation of the first preliminary injection of change the pressure from the maximum with a large cut-off between the second injection after the main and preliminary injection of the subsequent cycle at the end of this cut-off to that required by the preliminary injection, the second preliminary injection is carried out at the same pressure or change it, when the main injection is implemented, increase the pressure from the previous to maximum at the implementation of a single-stage main injection or set at the end of the cutoff after pre-injection, the initial pressure of the first step of the main injection, during the injection, they change the pressure of the main injection at the second step of the main injection to the maximum, the first injection after the main is carried out at maximum pressure or change it at the end of the cutoff after the main injection, the pressure of the second injection after the main is set lower than the maximum at the end of the cutoff after the first injection after the main, after the second injection after the main injection, at the beginning of a large cut-off between the fuel supply cycles, the maximum pressure of the fuel supplied to the injection is set, before starting fuel cycle.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the fuel control device comprising a nozzle with a needle, with two valves with mechanical switching from one position to another, a spray with one level of holes, a fuel tank, a fuel priming pump, a high pressure fuel pump, a high pressure hydraulic accumulator, hydraulically connected, according to the invention is equipped with two control mechanical valves, a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, a moving multiplier a high-speed reversible mechanical actuator, an individual high-pressure control valve with a piezo actuator, the needle chamber of each nozzle is connected to the low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the low-pressure accumulator output is connected to the high-pressure fuel pump inlet, the output of the high-pressure hydraulic accumulator is connected to the low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the first control mechanical valve for each nozzle is installed in the nozzle channel between the inlet ohm of the hydraulic accumulator of high pressure and the control needle ring chamber of each nozzle, the second control mechanical valve is installed in the channel of the nozzle between the control needle ring chamber of each nozzle and the hydraulic accumulator of low pressure, the first and second mechanical valves are connected by levers to the rod, and through it with a quick reversing mechanical drive, which is equipped with at least one plate for one cylinder with a convex surface at one end of the post of a constant radius and a certain length of the convex part, a shaft connected kinematically to the crankshaft, with at least one profiled cam on it, with at least one microprofile on each profiled cam, the microprofiles are made with a running edge parallel to the axis of the nozzle needle and with a running edge, parallel to the bevel of the convex surface of the end of the plate, when adjusting the injection duration, the convex surface of each plate is made with one or more bevels along its width, each plate is made with the possibility of movement along the axis of the rod, connected directly or through a movement multiplier to the rod, with which the first and second mechanical valves are connected, each plate is made with the possibility of movement in a plane perpendicular or angled to the axis of the needle and rod when adjusting the injection duration, and connected for this by a spline connection with the rod relative to which the plate moves, an individual high pressure control valve with a piezo actuator of each nozzle is connected inen at the inlet with an annular high-pressure chamber under the nozzle needle, and at the outlet with a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator.

A device for implementing the method is illustrated by drawings:

figure 1 shows the nozzle (longitudinal section) and two mechanical valves connected to a high-speed reversible mechanical actuator (BRMP);

figure 2 shows the BRMP kinematic diagram with linear movement of mechanical valves and a fuel injection duration control program located outside the mechanical valves on a half-plate with a curved end and with a convex surface of constant radius at the end with a program of variable injection duration on them and on profiled cams with software profiles, as well as a spring-loaded rod with a spline connection with the plate with the ability to move the plate relative to the rod in the plane, perpendicular second spring-loaded rod axis (a cross section) or at an angle thereto;

figure 3 shows the kinematic diagram of BRMP with linear displacement for two mechanical valves and a fuel injection duration control program located outside the valves on a half-plate with a curved end and with a convex surface of constant radius at the end with a variable injection duration program;

figure 4 shows a block diagram of a fuel supply system with two mechanical valves, a high pressure hydraulic accumulator (GAVD), a nozzle and a low pressure hydraulic accumulator (GAND);

figure 5 shows an individual high pressure control valve with a piezo actuator.

The device in figure 1 consists of a housing 1 with a spray, with holes for fuel injection 2, a needle 3, an annular groove 4 in the housing 1, an annular chamber in the housing 5; channel 6 of the nozzle 1 for supplying high pressure from the high pressure washer (high pressure washer is not shown in figure 1) under the needle 3 and the annular chamber 5 when the shut-off; channel 7 in the nozzle body, part of which is indicated by a dotted line when fuel is supplied to the control needle ring chamber in the nozzle body, for supplying high pressure from the high pressure washer (pressure regulator is not shown in Fig. 1) to the needle needle control chamber and ring chamber 5; rod 8 connected to the needle 3; springs 9 for springing the needle 3 through the rod 8 located in the control needle ring chamber 10; the first mechanical valve 11 (PMK 11), blocking the channel 7 for supplying high pressure to the control needle ring chamber 10; the second mechanical valve 12 (VMK 12), blocking the channel for low pressure discharge to the low pressure hydraulic accumulator (GAND in figure 1 is not shown); a lever 13 connecting PMK 11 and VMK 12 with the rod 14; channel 15 with a throttle (the throttle in figure 1 is not shown) for the removal of fuel during injection from the control needle ring chamber 10; movement multiplier 16 (MP16); a spring 17 located between the MP16 and the housing 18 BRMP.

The device in figure 2 represents a high-speed reversible mechanical drive (BRMP) and consists of MP 16, spring 17; racks 18; a rod connected to two mechanical valves (not shown in FIG. 2); a rod 19 connected to the plate 20 with slots 21 for moving the plates 20 and 22 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the needle 3 of the nozzle; plate 22 with a curved convex end 23 (VP 23) connected to the plate 20; cam 24 on the shaft (the shaft is not indicated in FIG. 2) with microprofiles with a running edge parallel to the axis of the cam 24 and a running edge parallel to the bevel VP 23; microprofile 25 for the implementation of preliminary injection (PV), microprofile 26 for the implementation of the main injection (OV) of longer duration, microprofile 27 for the implementation of the injection after the main (VPO).

The device in figure 3 consists of an MP 16, a spring 17, a rack 18; plate 22 with a convex curved end 23 (VP 23); a rod (not shown in FIG. 3) connected to two mechanical valves in the nozzle body; a rod 19 connected to the plate 20 with slots 21 for moving the plates 21 and 22 in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the needle 3 of the nozzle; plate 22 with a curved convex end 23 (VP23) connected to the plate 20.

The device in figure 4 consists of a fuel tank 28 connected by a pipe 29 to a fuel priming pump 30; pipeline 31, by which the fuel priming pump 30 is connected to the high pressure fuel pump 32 (high-pressure fuel pump 32), which pipe 33 is connected to a hydraulic high-pressure accumulator 34 (GAVD 34) with a high pressure control valve 35 (high pressure pump 35) common to all nozzles; GAVD 34 is connected by a pipe 36 with channels 6 and 7 for supplying high pressure fuel to the nozzle; an individual high-pressure control valve 37 (IKRVD 37) connected at the inlet to the annular chamber 5 of the nozzle 1, and at the outlet, to a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator (GAND); pipeline 38 for the removal of low-pressure fuel from the nozzle with a throttle in the GAND; GAND 39 with a pressure control valve at the outlet 40 (KRD 40); pipeline 41 connected to the input of the high pressure fuel pump 32.

The device in FIG. 5 consists of an individual high pressure control valve 37 (IKRVD 37) connected by a pipeline (the pipeline in FIG. 4 is not shown) at the outlet with the input of the GAND 39, and at the entrance with the output of the annular chamber 5 of the nozzle 1; building 42 IGAVD 37; hydraulic valve 43, spring-loaded spring 44; a piezo actuator 45 connected mechanically via a movement multiplier 46 to a valve 43.

The operation of the device that implements the method.

The device implements at least three injections: preliminary injection (PV), main injection (OV), injection after the main (VPO), and can also realize five injections. While microprofiles for the implementation of the second PV and second VPO are not shown in figure 2 and figure 3.

The start, end, and duration of each injection are controlled by BRMP.

The pressure for each injection is set individually using IKRVD 37 regardless of the operation of the BRMP.

When realizing a low-pressure air supply during the cut-off between the fuel supply cycles at its end, voltage is supplied to the piezoelectric actuator 45 from the computer (the computer is not shown in Fig. 4), at which the piezoelectric actuator 45 creates pressure and moves through the MP 46 to the left. The spring 44 is compressed, the flow area of the hydraulically unloaded valve 43 is increased. A part of the fuel comes from the annular chamber 5 through the hydraulically unloaded valve 43 to the GAND 39 or to the drain.

The pressure in the annular chamber 5 drops and the PV is realized under reduced pressure.

Before OV on the piezo actuator 45 is supplied with a minimum voltage. It does not create pressure and displacement. A spring 44 moves the valve 43 to the far right and closes it. In the annular chamber 5, the maximum pressure from the HAVD 34 is set for the time ОВ.

OV is carried out with a constant maximum pressure during the entire injection in a single-press injection form.

OB can also be realized in the form of a stepped or multi-stage pressure figure.

If the OB is realized in the form of a multi-stage figure, then at the end of the OB the pressure should be maximum.

For this, at the beginning of the OB, a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric actuator 45 that corresponds to a certain pressure in the annular chamber 5, which will create the necessary injection pressure for the first stage.

At this voltage, the piezo actuator 45 creates a certain pressure and allows movement through the valve 46 to the valve 43.

The valve 43 moves to the left, compresses the spring 44 and opens by a certain amount. In this case, part of the fuel is discharged into GAND 39.

The pressure in the annular chamber 5 becomes lower than the maximum. At this pressure, OB begins - its first step with less pressure.

During the OB, the voltage supplied to the piezoelectric actuator 45 is reduced to a minimum. A spring 44 moves the valve 43 to the right and closes the valve 43 completely. In the annular chamber 5, the maximum pressure is restored and the second part OB and part of the second step passes with maximum pressure. A multi-stage injection form is implemented similarly.

After the end of the OB, the pressure in the chamber remains constant if the VPO is carried out at a constant pressure during the cutoff between the first VPO and OB and during the first VPO. At the same time, the minimum voltage remains on the piezoelectric actuator 45 during the cutoff after OV and during the VPO. The valve 43 is closed, in the annular chamber 5 creates a maximum pressure equal to the pressure of the GAND 34. The first VPO is carried out at maximum pressure.

If VPO is carried out at a lower pressure than ОВ, then at the end of cut-off after ОВ or at the beginning of VPO the pressure of VPO is changed. The piezoelectric actuator 45 is supplied with a voltage that is greater than the minimum.

The piezo actuator 45 creates pressure and moves the valve 43 to the left through the MP 46. The flow area of valve 43 is increased. The pressure in the annular chamber 5 decreases, since part of the fuel is discharged from the annular chamber 5 into the GAND 39. The VPO is injected under reduced pressure.

The second VPO is realized after the first VPO with a pressure less than the maximum. A voltage is applied to the piezoelectric actuator 45, which corresponds to the pressure for the implementation of the second VPO. The duration of the HPO is set using BRMP. End of HPE is also regulated by BRMP

After the end of the second VPO, the minimum voltage is again applied to the piezoelectric actuator 45. A spring 44 moves the valve 43 to the right and closes the valve 43 completely. In the chamber 5, the maximum pressure is restored and a large cut-off between the two fuel supply cycles is realized with a maximum pressure in the chamber 5. Excess fuel during the cut-off between the cycles enters through the fuel injection valve 35 to the GAND 39 and through it to the high-pressure fuel pump 32.

The beginning, end of each injection, as well as the duration of each injection are carried out using BRMP. Therefore, these controls are considered separately from the injection pressure control, although both independent controls must be consistent.

In the presence of a spring 17 (figure 2, figure 3) BRMP works as follows. The movement of the plates 20 and 22, rigidly connected to each other, to the left (up) is carried out by turning the cam 24 on the shaft kinematically connected to the crankshaft (the shaft is not shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) to carry out the PV when the microprofile 25 interacts with the plate 22; for the implementation of OB in the interaction of the microprofile 26 with the plate 22; for the implementation of malware in the interaction of the microprofile 27 with the plate 22.

A spring 17 is compressed in which potential energy is stored. Together with the plate 22, the rod 19 moves, through the MP 16 the rod 14 moves together with a lever 13, mechanically connected with the rod 14 and PMK 11 and VMK 12.

PMK11 and VMK 12 with a lever 13 are moved into the slots in the nozzle body (not shown in Fig. 1).

The channel 7 is closed by means of the PMC 11. Fuel under high pressure is not supplied from the GAVD 34 to the control needle ring chamber 10 during injection. Channel 15 opens using VMK 12. Fuel, when injected from the control needle chamber 10, enters the GAND 39 through line 38. The pressure in the fuel system does not drop to zero.

The fuel enters GAND 39 under pressure and does not fall below the pressure set by the KRD 40, which is variable and is determined by the operating mode. This improves the efficiency of the nozzle. The fuel energy during control does not drop to the fuel energy when it is drained. No air bubbles dissolved in the fuel are released from the fuel.

At the same time, fuel under high pressure enters under the needle 3 and under the upper part of the needle 3 into the annular chamber 5.

After moving the plate 22, and together with it the PMK 11 and VMK 12 with the lever 13 and the rod 14 to the leftmost (upper) position for the PV, for the S and for the HPE, the injections begin.

Fuel is supplied during each of the three injections from the GAVD 34 under the needle 3 through the pipe 36 to the channel 6 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 4), into the annular chamber 5, the annular groove 4, under the needle 3 and into the holes 2 for injection. With the help of microprofiles, two PV and two VPO can be realized. Microprofiles for the implementation of the second PV and second VPO in figure 2 and figure 3 are not shown.

The needle 3 rises, the spring 9 is compressed. The needle 3 and its upper part 9 move up due to the pressure difference under the needle 3, its upper part 9 and the pressure in the GAND 39, which is set using the KRD 40 and which is significantly lower than the pressure of the GAVD 34 .

Injection through holes 2.

Microprofiles 25, 26, 27 alternately interact with VP 23 of constant radius. Therefore, during injections, the PMC 11 is in its highest position and blocks channel 7 for the duration of the injections.

VMK 12 is in its highest position and opens the channel 15 for the duration of the injections.

The duration of each injection is determined by the length of the VP 23 and the surface length of each of the microprofiles 25, 26, 27. This duration varies according to the purpose of the injection. Microprofiles for the implementation of the second PV and second VPO in figure 2 and figure 3 are not shown.

PV is performed with a short duration, because its purpose is to prepare the optimal combustion of the main portion of the fuel without the formation of nitrogen oxides.

OV is carried out with the maximum duration necessary to supply the required amount of fuel to the cylinder to realize the required power.

VPO is also implemented with a short duration required for burning the fuel from the main injection to reduce the level of nitrogen oxides and soot.

After the interaction of each microprofile 25, 26, 27 with a given length with VP 23, the microprofiles 25, 26, 27 exit this interaction with VP 23. The microprofiles for the implementation of the second PV and second VPO are not shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3.

Injections end when the runaway edges of the microprofiles 25, 26, 27 parallel to the bevel of the VP 23, leave the contact with the VP 23.

The parallelism of the runaway edges of the microprofiles 25, 26, 27 of the VP 23 bevel line is necessary so that the compression forces and tangential forces that act on the microprofiles 25, 26, 27 are distributed evenly along the runaway edges of the microprofiles 25, 26, 27 and the bevels of the VP 23 of the plate 22.

At the same time, for each of the injections, after their end, spring 17 is compressed, returns the rod 19 to the extreme right (lower) position, and through MP 16 it also returns the rod 14 with PMK 11 and VMK 12 to the extreme right (lower) position.

With the help of the PMC 11, the channel 7 opens and the fuel enters the control needle ring chamber 10 during shutoff, presses together with the expanding spring 9 on the needle 3 through the rod 8 and the needle 3 sits on the saddle.

VMK 12 closes channel 15. Fuel from the control needle ring chamber 10 stops flowing through pipeline 38 with check valve 37 to GAND 39 during shutoff.

In addition, at each cut-off, the fuel through the recovery valve 35 and the pipeline (not indicated in FIG. 4) enters the GAND 39, thereby not violating the operation of the GAVD 34 after filling the control chamber 10.

Three injections already allow optimizing the combustion of fuel in the cylinder, and therefore, increase the indicator efficiency of the diesel engine.

The advantage of BRMP is that it does not require sources of electrical energy, unlike nozzles with electrovalve control.

Complex devices for converting and storing energy in short periods of time are not required. This simplifies the fuel supply device, increases its reliability. Less energy is spent on controlling the injection. The efficiency of a power plant with internal combustion engine is increased.

The regulation of the duration of the injection is carried out by moving (figure 4) the plate 22 with VP 23 with a bevel along the slots 21 connected to the plate 20 relative to the rod connected to the rods 7 and 14 of the first and second mechanical valves. The movement of the plate 22 together with the plate 20 along the slots 21 in a plane perpendicular to or located at an angle to the plane of the rod 19, the multiplier 16, the rod connected to the rods 7 and 14 will change the length of the VP 23 (figure 3) of the plate 22, interacting with microprofiles 25, 26, 27, and therefore the time of all injections. Microprofiles for the implementation of the second PV and second VPO in figure 2 and figure 3 are not shown.

This is how partial modes are implemented. In partial modes, the cutoff duration is increased and, therefore, the nozzle efficiency is reduced. But the overall efficiency of the nozzles will be higher due to the quick reinstallation of the PMK 11 and VMK 12 and the use of BRMP.

The injection time will be the shorter the shorter the length of the curved end of the VP 23 of the plate 22. The movement of the plate 22 along the axis of the shaft with profiled cams with micro profiles 25, 26, 27 is carried out both manually and using any automatic drive. The higher the rotational speed, the shorter the interaction time and therefore the injection.

Micro profiles for injection control can be performed on one cam and arranged on it sequentially in accordance with the purpose of each. In this case, the plate has one bevel for all profiles (Fig.2 and Fig.3). The duration of all injections is regulated equally. Micro profiles for injection control can also be performed on several adjacent cams in accordance with the purpose of each profile on its cam. In this case, the plate with a convex end can be made with several bevels for individual regulation of each individual injection (this option is not shown in the drawings).

All operations of the method that are claimed in the invention are performed.

Claims (2)

1. The method of controlling the fuel supply, including switching two control valves from one position to another, supplying fuel under high pressure under the needle from the high pressure source, removing fuel from the chamber above the needle through the open second mechanical valve and moving the needle to the upper position during injection, moving the needle to its lowest position, characterized in that at least one preliminary injection is carried out to at least one main and at least one injection after at least one main, with at each preliminary injection, at each main injection and at each injection after the main one, two mechanical valves are simultaneously mechanically moved by means of cams with microprofiles with a given height, rotating with a frequency proportional to the rotational speed of the crankshaft, interacting with a plate kinematically connected to two mechanical valves, close the first valve during injection and block the high-pressure fuel supply channel to the control needle ring chamber, open When injecting the second mechanical valve, they open the fuel removal channel from the control needle ring chamber, supply fuel at each high-pressure injection from the high-pressure hydraulic accumulator under the needle, move the needle to its highest position due to the pressure difference above and below the needle, hold the needle in in the upper position when supplying fuel to the cylinder due to the fuel pressure under the needle, hold both mechanical valves in the upper position mechanically during the interaction of microprofiles with a given height with a convex surface of constant radius at the end of the plate for the duration of each injection, after the end of each preliminary injection, each main injection and each injection after the main, both mechanical valves are moved to the lowest position, hold them in the lowest position during each cut-off, open at shut-off, the first mechanical valve and feed fuel from the high-pressure hydraulic accumulator to the control needle chamber through the first mechanical valve, the second mechanical valve is turned off and fuel cut off through the second mechanical valve from the control needle ring chamber during shut-off, the needle is moved to its lowest position and hydraulically held for the duration of each cut-off, the plate interacting with microprofiles controlling injections along the axis of the camshaft is moved with microprofiles with a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the axis of the cam shaft, and a running edge of each microprofile parallel to the bevel the surface at the end of the plate, manually or automatically, change the length of the convex surface along the bevel with continuous control and change the duration of each injection, while performing at least one preliminary injection, one main injection, at least one injection after the main one when controlling the movement of mechanical valves working in antiphase during injection and cut-off, and adjusting the duration of each injection with a high-speed reversible mechanical drive an individual level the pressure supplied to each individual nozzle before each subsequent injection is set independently of the control of the movement of the mechanical valves and the control of the duration of the injections during the previous cut-off using the second piezo-actuated individual high-pressure control valve for each nozzle installed between the nozzle and the drain or hydraulic accumulator low pressure, when implementing the first preliminary injection, the pressure is changed from the maximum with a large cut-off m Between the second injection after the main and preliminary injection of the subsequent cycle at the end of this cut-off to the one required during the preliminary injection, the second preliminary injection is carried out at the same pressure or is changed; during the implementation of the main injection, the pressure is increased from the previous to the maximum when implementing the single-stage main injection or set to at the end of the cut-off after the preliminary injection, the initial pressure of the first step of the main injection, the pressure of the main injection is changed during the injection and the second step of the main injection to the maximum, the first injection after the main is carried out at maximum pressure or it is changed at the end of the cutoff after the main injection, the pressure of the second injection after the main is set lower than the maximum at the end of the cutoff after the first injection after the main, after the second injection after the main, in at the beginning of a large cut-off between the fuel supply cycles, the maximum pressure of the fuel supplied to the injection is set before the start of a new fuel supply cycle. 2. A device for controlling the fuel supply, including a nozzle with a needle, with two valves with mechanical switching from one position to another, a spray with one level of openings, a fuel tank, a fuel priming pump, a high pressure fuel pump, a high pressure hydraulic accumulator connected hydraulically, characterized in that the device is equipped with two control mechanical valves, a hydraulic low-pressure accumulator, a travel multiplier, a fast reversing m a mechanical actuator, an individual high-pressure control valve with a piezo actuator, the nozzle chamber of each nozzle is connected to a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the output of a low-pressure accumulator is connected to the input of a high-pressure fuel pump, the output of a high-pressure hydraulic accumulator is connected to a low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the first control mechanical valve for each nozzle installed in the nozzle channel between the input of the hydraulic accumulator is high pressure and the control needle ring chamber of each nozzle, the second control mechanical valve is installed in the nozzle channel between the control needle ring chamber of each nozzle and the low-pressure hydraulic accumulator, the first and second mechanical valves are connected by levers to the rod, and through it with a quick reversing mechanical drive, which is equipped with at least one plate for one cylinder with a convex surface at one end of a constant radius and a certain length of the convex part, with a shaft connected kinematically with the crankshaft, with at least one profiled cam on it, with at least one microprofile on each profiled cam, the microprofiles are made with a running edge parallel to the axis of the nozzle needle, and with a running edge parallel to the bevel of the convex surface the end of the plate, when adjusting the injection duration, the convex surface of each plate is made with one or more bevels along its width, each plate is made to move along the axis of the rod connected directly or through a movement multiplier to the rod, to which the first and second mechanical valves are connected, each plate is made with the possibility of movement in a plane perpendicular or angled to the axis of the needle and rod when adjusting the injection duration, and is connected for this by a spline connection with a rod relative to which the plate moves, an individual high-pressure control valve with a piezo drive of each nozzle is connected at the inlet to the annular chamber under-pressure nozzle needle, and output - with low pressure hydraulic accumulator.

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