RU2514413C1 - Combined fodder additive for lactating cows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farm animals fodders production and may be used as a fodder additive for lactating cows feeding. The combined fodder additive for lactating cows consists of natural bischofite brine of the Volgogradskoye deposit and camelina press cake at the following components ratio, wt %: natural bischofite brine of the Volgogradskoye deposit - 7.6-8.0, camelina press cake - 92.0-92.4. The combined fodder additive is introduced in an amount of 1200 g per lactating cow head a day.

EFFECT: combined fodder additive for lactating cow promotes manufacture of an inexpensive and nutritional fodder additive that affects lactating cows performance enhancement and production of milk with improved nutritive characteristics.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of feed for farm animals and can be used as a feed additive for feeding lactating cows.

Known feed additive for cattle, including magnesium chloride, while it contains magnesium chloride in the form of bischofite powder and optionally sodium chloride, animal feed protein - meat meal, glycine and potassium iodide in the following ratio, wt.%:

Bischofite powder - 40.0

Salt - 35.986

Protein feed of animal origin - meat meal - 22.0

Glycine - 2.0

Potassium iodide - 0.014 (RF Patent No. 2203560, publ. 05/10/2003).

The disadvantages of this invention is the introduction into its composition of such a component as meat meal, which is a feed of animal origin, which entails an increase in the cost of production.

A known method of improving the quality of milk, including feeding animals a diet containing a balancing supplement, in which ammonium sulfate enriched with mineral and organic substances is used as an additive, bischofite, potassium iodine and sodium chloride are used as mineral substances, and glycine is used as organic substances. in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Ammonium Sulfate 50.0

Bischofite 30.0

Glycine 3.0

Potassium iodine 0.002

Salt - the rest,

in the amount of 40-55 g per head (RF Patent No. 2222965, publ. 02/10/2004).

The disadvantages of this invention is that this method of increasing milk productivity occurs due to the additive, which contains only micro and macro elements.

Known feed agent for cattle, including corn cobs, sunflower meal, maize pulp, a mineral additive, while the feed agent additionally contains sunflower phosphatides, natural bischofite (brine), and as a mineral additive, a preservative is a sulfur-containing waste of carbon tetrachloride production in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Corn cobs - 20.0-75.0

Sunflower meal - 11.0-30.0

Corn Dust - 10.0-45.0

Sunflower phosphatides - 2.0-3.0

Natural bischofite (brine) - 1.8

Preservative - sulfur-containing waste of carbon tetrachloride production - 0.2 (RF Patent No. 2182439, publ. 05.20.2002).

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of mineral additives in the form of a preservative - sulfur-containing waste production of carbon tetrachloride, because this component is a chemical product. Its presence in this composition affects the quality of the products.

A known method of feeding lactating cows, taken as a prototype, includes the introduction of a combined feed additive in the diet, in which granular sulfur with a diameter of 2-5 mm is used — waste from the desulfurization plants of oil refineries at the rate of 0.07-0.08% of the dry matter of the diet in combination with natural bischofite - brine of the Volgograd field in the amount of 3.1-3.2 ml per 1 kg of dry matter of the diet during the milking season and, accordingly, 0.08-0.09% of the dry matter of the diet and 3.4-3.5 ml per 1 kg of dry matter of the diet in the period after p zdoya (RF patent №2357425, publ. 10.06.2009).

The disadvantage of this invention is the use of waste desulphurization plants of oil refineries, which adversely affects the environmental friendliness of milk production.

The objective of the invention is to provide a balanced feed additive.

The technical result is to obtain an inexpensive and nutritious feed additive, which affects the increase in the productivity of lactating cows, to obtain milk with improved nutritional characteristics.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the combined feed additive for lactating cows, consisting of natural bischofite-brine of the Volgograd field, contains camelina cake in the following ratio, wt.%:

Natural bischofite brine

Volgograd field - 7.6-8.0

Ginger cake - 92.0-92.4,

while the combined feed additive is administered at a dose of 1200 g per head of a lactating cow per day.

Salient features of the claimed combined feed additive for lactating cows are its quantitative composition as claimed in the claims, and the use of camelina cake in combination with bishovite brine of the Volgograd field, dosing of the feed additive.

Ginger cake is one of the promising crops for the production of oil in the Volgograd region, in particular the variety of camelina Peznyak. Waste from oil production - camelina cake promising highly nutritious feed ingredient. The chemical composition of camelina oilcake is shown in table 1.

Table 1 Indicators Units measuring Camelina cake Crude protein content,% 36 40 42 OE (cattle) MJ / kg 12.31 12.30 12.12 ECE In 1 kg 1.23 1.23 1.21 Dry matter % 94.00 94.00 94.00 Crude protein % 36.00 40.00 42.00 Digestible protein % 30,60 34.00 35.70 Linoleic acid % 5.76 3.89 3.89 Bev % 27,20 28.10 25,50 Minerals Calcium % 0.30 0.32 0.32 Phosphorus common % 0.63 0.63 0.63 Digestible phosphorus % 0.25 0.25 0.25 Sodium % 0.05 0.05 0.05 Chlorine % 0,07 0,07 0,07 Potassium % 1.10 1.10 1.10

The amino acid composition of camelina oilcake is shown in table 2 (% to protein).

table 2 Amino acids Camelina cake arginine 10.7 lysine 7.7 tyrosine 4.1 phenylalanine 5.1 histidine 3.3 leucine-isoleucine 15.1 methionine 13.0 valine 8.9 proline 4.3 threonine - series 6.4 alanine 6.1 glycine 7.4 glutamic acid - aspartic acid 3,1 cysteic acid 4.3 tryptophan 0.3 amount of essential amino acids 26.1

It is well known that mineral supplements are cheaper, especially when they contain several mineral elements necessary for animals, and environmentally friendly. An increase in mineral nutrition in animal diets can be achieved by introducing a natural mineral - Volgograd bischofite-brine, which is a valuable complex mineral supplement to animal diets. We have studied data on the chemical composition of natural bischofite-brine of the Volgograd field.

Natural bischofite-brine of the Volgograd deposit has the following composition,%: 90-96 magnesium chloride; 0.1-0.7 calcium sulfate; sodium chloride 0.1-0.4; potassium chloride 0.1-5.5; magnesium sulfate 0.1-2.5; magnesium bromide 0.4-0.95; boron 0.002-0.08; cadmium 0.003-0.005; bismuth 0.0005-0.001; molybdenum 0.0005-0.001; iron 0.003-0.03; aluminum 0.001-0.02; titanium 0.0005-0.001; copper 0.0001-0.0003; silicon 0.002-0.2; rubidium 0.0001-0.002; cesium 0.0001-0.001; lithium 0.0001-0.0003.

The claimed quantitative characteristics of the components are selected experimentally. The range of values provides a balanced feed additive for lactating cows. Reducing or increasing the specified quantitative interval entails a deterioration in the characteristics of the claimed feed additives.

Experimental studies were carried out on two groups of Ayrshire cows, 11 animals each. Animals in the groups were selected according to the principle of analogue pairs, taking into account age, health status, lactation in a row, productivity for the previous lactation, calving and insemination time, live weight, average daily milk yield and milk fat content. The experiment on cows was carried out from the beginning of the lactation period. Studies were conducted on full-aged cows (3-5 lactations) with an average live weight of 480 kg. The experiment was carried out for 210 days. During the experiment, the conditions of maintenance and care for all groups of experimental cows were the same. Milking cows was carried out 2 times a day. Animals of the first control group were fed a common diet, and animals of the second experimental group were fed the same general diet with the addition of the declared combined feed additive for lactating cows. The preparation of the combined feed additive was carried out by mixing the claimed components in the declared amounts. The resulting mixture was added to the total diet at the rate of 1200 g per head of a lactating cow per day.

The results of studies of indicators of milk productivity of experimental cows of the compared groups and the prototype indicate that the use of feed additives in the diet of the test had a positive effect on their level of milk yield and the quality of milk obtained. At the same time, animals of the experimental group II, who received an additional camelina cake in combination with natural bischofite-brine of the Volgograd deposit with the diet, had the most significant superiority in the average daily milk yield of natural milk in comparison with the control group I, who received only the general diet. The data are shown in table 3.

Table 3 Indicator Group of animals I control Prototype II experienced The average daily milk yield of natural milk, kg 22.7 22.70 24.4 The average fat content in milk,% 4.24 3.86 4.36 The average protein content in milk,% 3.20 3.41 3.48

According to the data obtained, in the average daily milk yield of natural milk, the cows of the experimental group II exceeded their counterparts from the I control group in 210 days in milk yield by 357 kg, in fat content - by 0.12%, in total protein - by 0.28 % Based on the data of the prototype for the average daily milk yield of natural milk 22.70 kg, it is possible to make calculations on the milk yield obtained in 210 days: 22.70 kg × 210 days. = 4767.0 kg. Superiority compared with the prototype in milk yield by 357 kg, in fat content by 0.5%, in protein content by 0.07%. The data are shown in table 4.

Table 4 Group Milk productivity indicator Milk yield, kg Fat content,% Total protein,% I control 4767,0 4.26 3.20 Prototype 4767,0 3.86 3.41 II experienced 5124.0 4.36 3.48

Studies have shown that when lactating cows are fed a diet with the inventive combined feed additive, not only the amount of milk produced with a high content of fat and total protein has changed, but also its qualitative composition in the direction of improvement. The data are shown in table 5.

Table 5 Indicator Group of animals I control Prototype II experienced Fat content,% 4.26 3.86 4.36 Total protein,% 3.20 3.41 3.48 including casein,% 2.66 there is no data 2.67 Lactose,% 4.60 there is no data 4.62 Solids,% 12.45 there is no data 12.71 SOMO,% 8.19 there is no data 8.35 Ash% 0.6 there is no data 0.6 Calcium% 0.124 there is no data 0.130 Phosphorus,% 0,097 there is no data 0,112 Density, ° A 29.1 there is no data 29.2

The feed costs for milk production in the cows of the two groups were different. No prototype data available. The data are shown in table 6 for two groups.

Table 6 Indicator Group of animals I control II experienced Spent on experience: - ECE 3456 3456 - digestible protein, g 358,091.3 357,856.8 Gross milk yield of natural milk per experience, kg 4767,0 5124.0 The cost of energy feed units per 1 kg of milk, kg 0.86 0.80 The cost of digestible protein per 1 kg of milk, g 87.6 81.1

From the conducted studies, it can be concluded that the use of camelina oilcake in combination with natural bischofite-brine in feeding lactating cows helps to increase milk productivity of lactating cows and improve milk quality.

The criterion for evaluating the results of the effectiveness of the use of camelina cake and natural bischofite-brine is the calculation of economic efficiency, which is shown in table 7.

Table 7 Indicator Group of animals I control II experienced Spent on 1 kg of natural milk: ECE 0.86 0.80 Digestible protein, g 87.6 81.1 Cost of additional costs, rub. - 138.6 Gross milk yield, c 58.65 64,44 Received additional milk, c - 5.78 Realization value of additional products, rub. - 8674.7 Additional net income per head, rub. - 650,0 Profitability of milk production,% 21.5 28.8

The cost of additional production on average for 11 cows in the II experimental group amounted to 7670.2 rubles.

The economic effect of using the declared milk combined feed additive per 1 cow in the experimental group II amounted to 558.7 rubles. This economic effect is due, first of all, to the increased milk productivity of the animals of the experimental groups with lower costs per unit of production (milk).

Therefore, the use in the diets of lactating cows of the claimed combined feed additives is advisable from an economic point of view.

Thus, the claimed combination feed additive for lactating cows contributes to the production of an inexpensive and nutritious feed additive, which affects the increase in the productivity of lactating cows, and the production of milk with improved nutritional characteristics.

Claims (1)

Combined feed additive for lactating cows, consisting of natural bischofite-brine of the Volgograd field, characterized in that it contains camelina cake in the following ratio, wt.%:
Natural Bischofite - Pickle Volgograd field 7.6-8.0 Ginger cake 92.0-92.4,
while the combined feed additive is administered at a dose of 1200 g per head of a lactating cow per day.