RU2577400C1 - Premix for milking calves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of fodders for farm animals and can be used as a fodder additive for veal calves. Premix for veal calves contains filler, vitamins, microelements, selenium-containing preparation and amino acids. Selenium-containing preparation used is sodium selenite, as amino acids is L-lysine monohydrochloride and DL-methionine, and the filler is represented by vegetal raw material fodder concentrate "Sarepta". All components are taken in a defined ratio. Premix is mixed with feedstuff in an amount of 2% of its weight.

EFFECT: premix improves relative and daily average growth calves-enhancement and, consequently, increasing their body weight gain, livability of livestock in milk period.

1 cl, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the production of feed for farm animals and can be used as a premix for feeding dairy calves.

The use of mineral premix in feeding calves 1-6 months of age is known. The method involves introducing into the diet a mineral premix containing 304.5 g of dicalcium phosphate, 75.5 g of magnesium oxide, 304.5 g of table salt, 304.5 g of natural zeolites, 1.70 g of copper sulfate, 4.40 g of zinc sulfate, 4.79 manganese sulfate, 0.07 g of basic cobalt carbon dioxide and 0.02 g of potassium iodide, in the form of zeolite stabilized potassium iodide, in the amount of 0.26 g and 0.014 g of DAFS 25. The mineral premix is introduced into the feed composition in an amount of 3 5-4.5 wt. % (RF Patent No. 2471363, publ. 10.01.2013).

Known premix for calves, in particular calves 1-6 months of age, containing 304.5 g of dicalcium phosphate, 75.5 g of magnesium oxide, 304.5 g of sodium chloride, 301.1 g of natural zeolites, 1.70 g of copper sulfate, 4.40 g of zinc sulphate, 4.79 g of manganese sulphate, 0.07 g of basic cobalt carbon dioxide, 0.26 g of zeolite stabilized potassium iodide containing 0.02 g of potassium iodide, and 3.5 g of Sel-Plex. (RF patent No. 2471364, publ. 01/10/2013).

There is also a premix for calves, including microadditives and filler, bentonite clay and filter cake of sugar production in the ratio of 3.07: 1 are used as filler (RF Patent No. 2292159, published on January 27, 2007).

Common disadvantages of the known technical solutions is the imbalance in amino acid composition, which characterizes these premixes as ineffective. Filler bentonite clay is prone to dust formation, is hygroscopic, requires special preparation, all this leads to an increase in the cost of this premix.

The closest technical solution chosen for the prototype is a standard premix containing filler, trace elements and vitamins (norms and diets for feeding farm animals (reference guide) / Kalashnikov A.P., Fisinin V.I., Scheglova V.V., Kleimenova NI - 3rd ed. Revised and revised - M .: Russian Agricultural Academy, 2003, p. 380), bran is used as a filler.

The disadvantage of this premix is lack of effectiveness, low preservation of vitamins, short shelf life of the premix.

The objective of the invention is to expand the arsenal of premixes.

The technical result is an increase in the relative and average daily growth of milkman calves, therefore, an increase in the growth of their live weight, the safety of the livestock in the milk period, and a long shelf life of 6 months.

The technical result is achieved by a premix including a filler, vitamins, microelements, while additionally containing a selenium-containing preparation, amino acids, sodium selenite is used as a selenium-containing preparation, L-lysine monochloride and DL-methionine are used as amino acids, and feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta", with the following ratio of components:

Vitamin A (retinol), thousand ME - 45

Vitamin D ₃ (cholecalceferol), thousand ME - 6

Copper - 30 mg

Zinc - 120 mg

Manganese - 150 mg

Cobalt - 3 mg

Sodium Selenite - 0.3 mg

L-lysine monochlorohydrate - 652 mg

DL-methionine - 234 mg

Feed concentrate from

plant materials "Sarepta" - up to 1000 g,

while using premix mixed with animal feed in an amount of 2% of its mass.

Premix is a vitamin and mineral supplement that contains all the vitamins necessary for the animal’s body, micro and macro elements.

The essential features of the claimed premix are:

- use of Sarepta feed concentrate from plant materials as a filler;

- additional administration of a selenium-containing preparation in the form of sodium selenite and amino acids in the form of L-lysine monochlorohydrate and DL-methionine;

- declared quantitative characteristics of the components.

Introduction to the premix of selenium-containing preparation in the form of sodium selenite helps to reduce the influence of stress factors and maintains a high level of calf development.

The introduction of L-lysine monochlorohydrate partially compensates for the deficiency of complete protein in calf diets. The lack of lysine in feed leads to a sharp decrease in appetite and loss of animal body weight, a slowdown in their growth and development, metabolic disturbances, and a decrease in the body's natural resistance.

DL-methionine monochlorohydrate is necessary for the growth and reproduction of cells, red blood cells, regulates protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, helps to increase the growth rate and development of calves.

The use of feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta" as a filler allows for the long-term storage of premix.

At the Sarepta creamery in Volgograd, a technology has been developed for the processing of mustard seeds for oil. A product from Sarepta mustard is obtained under the name Sarepta feed concentrate from plant materials.

Sarepta feed concentrate from plant materials meets the basic requirements for premix fillers and is a loose powder with an average particle size of 0.98 mm. The product does not dust, is non-hygroscopic and retains stability of properties for five months of storage, the pH is close to neutral. Thus, this feed product is not inferior to the traditionally used fillers in terms of pH, humidity, fiber and fat content, the presence of feed benefits, flowability, caking and lack of tendency to dust formation.

The chemical composition of the feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta" is shown in table 1.

The amino acid composition of the feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta" is shown in table 2.

In terms of safety, this feed product meets veterinary and sanitary requirements.

The use of the premix of each component in the formulation is scientifically justified and advisable in the preparation of the diet for feeding dairy calves.

The claimed premix is prepared by mixing the claimed components in predetermined quantitative intervals and mixing until a uniform consistency is obtained. The resulting premix is mixed with feed in an amount of 2% of its weight and fed as part of the main diet.

For the experiment, two groups of black-mottled milkweed calves were formed with 15 animals in each group. Animals in the groups were selected by the method of pair-analogues taking into account age, state of health, live weight. The experimental group was fed with the declared premix mixed with animal feed in the amount of 2% of its weight, and the control group - according to the prototype.

To a certain extent, living body weight makes it possible to judge the growth rate of an animal, which is of great national economic importance, since fast-growing animals spend significantly less feed nutrients per unit of production.

To analyze the growth and development of calves according to the research methodology, control weighings were carried out, the data of which are presented in table 3.

In the course of the studies, the measurements of milkman calves were studied, the results of which are shown in table 4.

The height at the withers of the experimental calves of the control group was 105.6 cm, in animals of the experimental group 107.6 cm, the depth of the chest of animals of the control group was 49.6 cm, and the calves of the experimental group were 52.7 cm, the width of the chest behind the shoulder blades in the control group was 32.0 cm, in the experimental - 35.0 cm. The circumference of the chest behind the shoulder blades in the control group is 139.0 cm, in the experimental - 140.0 cm, the circumference of the metacarpus in the control group is 16.8 cm, in the experimental - 17.6 cm, oblique length the torso in the control group was 127.3 cm, in the experimental group - 128.0 cm, half-circumference in the control group was 69.2 cm, in the experimental group - 71.1 cm.

Almost all measurements in calves of the experimental group were higher than in animals of the control group, due to the use of the declared premix.

Throughout the experiment, the safety of milkman calves in the experimental group was 100%.

Throughout the experience of growing milkman calves, clinical indicators were monitored. Determination of body temperature, pulse rate and respiration showed that the physiological parameters of all calves were within normal limits. Clinical and physiological parameters of milkman calves are shown in table 5.

Thus, the claimed premix provides an increase in the relative and average daily growth of milkweed calves, therefore, an increase in the growth of their live weight, the safety of the livestock in the milk period, and a long shelf life of 6 months.

Claims (1)

Premix for dairy milk calves, including filler, vitamins, microelements, characterized in that it additionally contains a selenium-containing preparation, amino acids, while selenite-containing preparation uses sodium selenite, L-lysine monochloride and DL-methionine are used as amino acids, and as filler use feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta", in the following ratio of components:
Vitamin A (retinol), thousand ME - 45
Vitamin D ₃ (cholecalceferol), thousand ME - 6
Copper - 30 mg
Zinc - 120 mg
Manganese - 150 mg
Cobalt - 3 mg
Sodium Selenite - 0.3 mg
L-lysine monochlorohydrate - 652 mg
DL-methionine - 234 mg
Feed concentrate from plant materials "Sarepta" - up to 1000 g,
while using premix mixed with animal feed in an amount of 2% of its mass.