RU2569427C1 - Wellhead baffle and method of admixtures separation from gas-liquid flow - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: wellhead baffle includes casing with bottom, in top part the vessel for gas-liquid flow separation to phases is installed. The bottom part is liquid and mechanical admixtures gathering tank. Around the casing the shell with lid is arranged. In top part of the casing the gas-liquid flow inlet nozzle, and in bottom part of the casing gas outlet nozzle are located. The warm flow of the gas-liquid mixture is supplied through the inlet nozzle, and enters the vessel, where the mechanical admixtures and liquid are separated from the gas, they go in bottom part of the casing. Gas raises, leaves the vessel, strikes against the shell lid, and is delivered under force in the space between the external wall of the casing and internal wall of the shell going down to the outlet nozzle located in the bottom part of the shell.

EFFECT: reduced power consumption for the casing heating, at increased reliability and efficiency of the process by means of the reduced probability of the hydrates and ice formation.

16 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention is intended to capture fine, aerosol and drip-liquid particles, as well as mechanical impurities from the gas stream at negative ambient temperatures and is used in the oil, gas, chemical and other industries.

A device is known for drying and purifying natural gas (RU 2496068 C1, 10/20/2013), comprising a housing, in the upper part of which a separator is located, and a separated liquid is accumulated in the lower part. The lower part of the housing is enclosed in an annular jacket for supplying coolant.

However, when using such a device, an uninterrupted supply of coolant is required, which entails an increase in energy consumption. In addition, only the walls of the body are heated, and the bottom remains without heating. When the device is operated in climatic conditions with a negative temperature, hydrate or ice formation will occur.

The device according to patent RU 2390368 C2, 05.27.2010 is the closest to the proposed technical solution. The device comprises a supply pipe, a separator housing, a deflector, a separation bag and a storage tank connected to the housing by means of a drain fitting. Inside the storage tank is a perforated cylinder with vertical plates inside. A stream of a gas (air) phase with a positive temperature is directed into the storage tank, while heating the plates, which in turn must maintain a positive temperature of the liquid. The claimed design is very complex, in addition, it does not completely eliminate hydrate and ice formation, for example, in the area of drain pipes.

The present invention is aimed at reducing energy consumption for heating the casing while increasing the reliability and efficiency of the process by reducing the likelihood of hydrate and ice formation.

The wellhead wellbore chipper of liquids and solids includes a housing with a bottom. An apparatus for separating the gas-liquid flow into phases is installed in the upper part of the housing, and the lower part is a storage tank for liquid and mechanical impurities. Around the shell is a shell with a lid. In the upper part of the casing there is a pipe for gas-liquid flow inlet, and in the lower part of the shell there is a pipe for gas outlet. The bottom of the body can be made both conical and ellipsoidal.

Advantageously, the casing is vertical and can also be spherical.

The housing may be made of an elastic material, for example rubber.

It is possible to make a shell of a transparent material, such as, for example, glass, plastic or plexiglass. The installation of a transparent shell reduces the use of additional measuring instruments, leaving only optical sensors.

The apparatus for separating the gas-liquid flow into phases is made removable.

A gas flow swirl is installed between the shell and the body.

In the upper part of the storage tank there is an overflow fitting connected to the overflow pipe, which is located between the body and the shell and enters the pipe for gas outlet.

The housing has a vertical pipe for draining the fluid separated from the flow, passing through the lid of the shell, on which a locking device with a manual, pneumatic or electric drive is fixed. In the pipe in its upper part there is a drainage hole.

In addition, the housing may contain one or more additional pipes for draining the liquid exiting on the side of the shell. Additional pipes can be located in different transverse and longitudinal sections along the height of the body, their lower ends can be placed at different distances from the bottom of the body, and drainage holes can be located in the upper sections of the pipes located inside the body.

A technological hole is made in the bottom of the housing for the extraction of mechanical impurities, for example, sand.

A technological hole can also be made in the lower part of the shell.

In the upper part of the apparatus for separating the flow into phases, conical fairings are installed. Fairings are also installed in the shell lid.

In the upper part of the shell, between the cover and the apparatus for separating the flow into phases, an additional nozzle can be located for the output of the separated gas.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a General view of the wellhead wellhead chipper liquids and solids.

In FIG. 2 - apparatus for dividing the flow into phases.

In FIG. 3 schematically shows the placement of technological holes in the lower part of the borehole estuarine chipper.

In FIG. 4 shows a cross-section of a wellhead wellhead chipper according to AA of FIG. one.

In FIG. 5 shows a General view of the wellhead wellhead chipper of liquids and mechanical impurities (with an additional pipe).

The wellhead wellbore chipper for liquids and solids consists of a vertical housing 1 with a bottom 3. Housing 1 consists of two parts, the upper of which is equipped with a device 5 for separating gas-liquid flow into phases, and the lower part is a storage tank 6 for liquid and solids . Around the housing 1 is a shell 7 with a cover 2, in the lower part of the shell 7 there is a pipe 8 for the exit of the dried gas. In the upper part of the body 1 of the chipper is located pipe 4 for the entry of wet gas. In the upper part of the shell 7 between the cover 2 and the apparatus 5 for separating the flow into phases, at least one additional nozzle 20 with a plug (not shown) can be arranged for the separated gas to exit (this nozzle is optional). An additional pipe 20 is installed to reduce unnecessary hydraulic losses of the device.

The housing 1 may be made of an elastic material, such as rubber. This helps to prevent tearing of the case in case of expansion of the volume in case of unexpected freezing of the liquid.

The apparatus 5 for separating the flow into phases can be made interchangeable (replaceable) in connection with a change in the technological characteristics of the working medium: flow, pressure and composition of the shared medium. In addition, due to abrasive wear, changes in the flow rate of the gas-liquid mixture, flow rate, gas-liquid-solid phase ratio, the efficiency of the device for separating the flow into phases changes. The apparatus 5 may have a special coating against abrasion, for example, polyurethane. In the upper part of the apparatus 5 is a cone shaped fairing 19.

Between the shell 7 and the housing 1, a gas flow swirl 9 is installed, made in the form of profile blades or inclined plates attached to the housing, for example, by welding.

In the upper part of the storage tank 6 there is an overflow fitting 10 connected to the overflow pipe 11, which is located between the housing 1 and the shell 7 and enters the pipe 8.

In the housing 1 there is a vertical pipe 12 for draining the fluid, passing through the cover 2 of the shell 7. A manual, pneumatic, or electric actuator 13 is fixed on the cover 2. Moreover, a drainage hole 15 is located on the pipe 12 at its upper point inside the housing 1.

Also in the housing 1, there is at least one additional pipe 14 for draining the liquid, extending on the side of the shell 6, while on the additional pipe 14 at its upper point inside the housing 1 there is a drainage hole 15.

A fairing 18 is installed in the lid to reduce the reduction of aerodynamic hydraulic pressure losses associated with a sharp change in the velocities and direction of movement of the separated gas.

Downhole estuarine chipper liquids and solids works as follows.

The warm flow of the gas-liquid mixture is supplied to the vertical housing 1 through the inlet pipe 4 located in its upper part and enters the apparatus 5 for phase separation (gas, liquid, solid), in which, due to gas-dynamic effects (rotation), all are separated from the gas types of solids and liquid.

So, for example, the apparatus 5 for phase separation may consist of a deflector and a separation bag. When gas strikes the deflector, a significant part of the liquid and solids flows down the deflector. The flow begins to spiral in a spiral and go down the inner wall. Part of the flow enters the drip pocket. Drops go into the pocket-drop eliminator, hit its walls and flow down. Gas flows enter the separation bag, during which the gas temperature and pressure decrease. Inside, external and internal flows form. Due to the fact that the pressure in the lower part of the internal stream is less than in the external one, the external stream rushes down and mixes with the internal one, while the speed of the internal one decreases, the temperature increases, and the pressure and density also increase. The gas rises up and leaves the apparatus 5 for dividing the flow into phases along the conical fairing 19, hits the cover 2 of the shell 7, passes along the fairing 18 and is forced to enter the annular space between the outer wall of the housing 1 and the inner wall of the shell 7, descending to the outlet pipe 8 in the lower part of the shell 7, while heating the entire surface of the housing 1, including the bottom 3 of the housing 1. The gas flow passing through the annular space is swirled by the guide vanes of the swirler 9, which improves heat transfer and additional separation of the liquid from the stream separated in the apparatus 5. Thus, the liquid accumulating in the storage tank 6, and at negative ambient temperatures will not freeze.

Since the gas enters the chipper moist and with mechanical impurities, wear of the apparatus is possible, which divides the gas-liquid flow into phases. For ease of replacement, the apparatus 5 is made removable and resistant to abrasion.

In the case of filling the storage tank 6 with liquid, there are several options for draining it. So, for example, the fluid by gravity can drain from the overflow fitting 10 into the overflow pipe 11.

It is also possible to drain the liquid through a vertical drain pipe 12 through a locking device that can be opened using a manual drive, an air or electric motor 13, or drain through an additional drain pipe 14, which extends from the side of the shell 7. Moreover, a drain hole 15 is provided in the additional pipe 14 to prevent stagnation of water in an additional pipe 14 after a fluid drain cycle. The liquid levels in the pipe and in the housing are aligned due to the flow of gas through the drain hole 15.

Accumulated mechanical impurities (e.g. sand) can be removed through process opening 16.

Since it is possible that a small part of mechanical impurities can enter between the housing 1 and the shell 7, a technological hole 17 is also provided in the lower part of the shell 7.

The present invention eliminates the need for electric or steam heating of the device. There is no need for power supply and boiler room. Also, you do not need to use a steam jacket to eliminate ice and hydrate plugs. Thus, energy costs are reduced while increasing the reliability and efficiency of the process by preventing hydrate and ice formation.

Claims (16)

1. A wellhead borehole chipper for liquids and mechanical impurities, including a housing with a lid and a bottom, in the upper part of which there is an apparatus for separating gas-liquid flow into phases, and the lower part is a storage tank for liquid and mechanical impurities, in addition, a shell is located around the housing moreover, in the upper part of the housing there is a pipe for gas-liquid flow inlet, and in the lower part of the shell there is a pipe for gas outlet. 2. The chipper under item 1, characterized in that the bottom is made conical or ellipsoidal. 3. The chipper under item 1, characterized in that the housing is vertical or spherical. 4. The chipper under item 1, characterized in that the housing is made of an elastic material, such as rubber. 5. The chipper under item 1, characterized in that the apparatus for dividing the flow into phases is made removable. 6. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas flow swirl is installed between the shell and the body. 7. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the storage tank there is an overflow fitting connected to the overflow pipe, which is located between the body and the casing and exits into the pipe for gas outlet. 8. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing has a vertical pipe for pumping liquid through the cover of the shell, on which a locking device with a manual, pneumatic or electric drive is fixed. 9. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing has at least one additional pipe for draining the liquid, extending on the side of the shell. 10. The chipper according to any one of paragraphs. 8-9, characterized in that a drainage hole is located on a vertical or additional pipe in its upper part inside the housing. 11. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that a technological hole is made in the bottom of the housing. 12. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that a technological hole is made in the lower part of the shell. 13. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that a conical fairing is installed in the upper part of the apparatus for phase separation. 14. The chipper according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the shell between the cover and the apparatus for dividing the flow into phases, there is an additional pipe for the exit of the separated gas. 15. The chipper under item 1, characterized in that the shell is made of transparent material. 16. The method of separating impurities from the gas-liquid flow using a wellhead wellhead chipper according to paragraphs. 1-15, characterized in that the warm flow of the gas-liquid mixture is supplied to the vertical body through the inlet pipe and enters the apparatus for separation into phases, where all kinds of mechanical impurities and liquid are separated from the gas, which are lowered into the lower storage part of the body, and the gas rises up, leaves the apparatus for separation into phases, hits the cover of the shell and is forced to enter the space between the outer wall of the shell and the inner wall of the shell, falling to the outlet pipe, which is located in neither the bottom of the shell.

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