RU2542320C1 - Gas-liquid separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to petroleum and chemical engineering and may be used in oil production, petrochemical and other industries where gas separation is required from gas-liquid mixture. The gas-liquid separator comprises a horizontally mounted cylindrical process tank, a hydrocyclone interconnected to a tube feeding gas-liquid mixture (GLM), tubes for discharge of separated gas and liquid phase, a controllable gas valve and liquid level sensor. The horizontal tank is equipped with separating baffles; one baffle is equipped with a tray in the upper part while the other is equipped with entrainment separator interconnected to its window aperture. The baffles are made gas-tight in the upper part and installed so that they may form a gap with the tank bottom for liquid phase passage and entry of their lower edges to minimum possible liquid level. The baffles divide cavities into three sections; the medium section is stabilising one and it is equipped with additional safety valve and pressure gauge as well as low-frequency wave generator with radiators radiating waves in diametrically opposed directions. Over the first section there is a vertical tank equipped with hydrocyclone head and a tube mounted in the centre with the blinded lower end and the upper end interconnected to the tube feeding GLM. Around the central tube there are hydrocyclone pipes interconnected to it by tubes tangentially. At that each hydrocyclone pipe is equipped with entrainment separators made as labyrinth rings with gas discharge tubes in the central part interconnected through detachable cover of the vertical tank to the gas discharge line with the controlled gas valve, the line is interconnected to the stabilising section at which output the entrainment separator is mounted. Under hydrocyclone head there are trays and bidirectional guiding tray with edges. The controlled gas valve and safety valve coupled to it electrically, pressure gauge and liquid level sensor are coupled electrically to the control unit controller. The third section is equipped with a man hatch mounted inside the entrainment separator equipped with gas discharge pipe connected to the main gas line. The liquid phase discharging tube is equipped with a funnelling eliminator.

EFFECT: improved efficiency and productivity.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and chemical engineering industry and will find application in oil production, petrochemical and other industries where gas separation from a gas-liquid mixture is required.

Known cyclone separator for separating gas from a gas-liquid or gas-liquid mixture (see description of patent RU No. 2330710, IPC B01D 45/12, publ. In BI No. 22, 08/10/2008), including a cylindrical body, upper and lower bottoms, inlet, sludge and drain nozzles, inner cylinders arranged concentrically to the body, provided with tangential slots directed from the periphery to the center tangentially to the horizontal generatrix of the vertical cylinders, while the outputs of the slots are directed towards the input stream. Tangential slots are made in the form of expanded metal profile. The bottoms are made in a parabola with left and right branches.

A disadvantage of the known separator is that it does not provide for the removal of liquid particles from the separated gas by droplets, as a result of obtaining reliable information about the weight of the oil-water mixture is not possible.

Known separator - droplet eliminator (see patent RU No. 2236889, IPC 7 B01D 45/00, 45/06, published in BI No. 27, 09/27/2004) containing a horizontally mounted cylindrical body, a partition installed inside the body, and separating the inner a cavity for two chambers, a dispersant, gas separation contact nozzle elements made in the form of volumetric cassettes with a mesh sleeve nozzle. The chambers are interconnected by an external pipe - gas cooler, and gas separation contact nozzle elements at the inlet of each chamber and at the outlet of the separator.

The known separator has limited use, for example, it is not effective when trying to use it to separate gas from a gas-liquid medium.

A known separation plant (see the description of the utility model patent RU No. 48484, IPC B01D 19/00, published in Bull. No. 30, 10/27/2005), containing a vertically mounted hydrocyclone with a gas equalizing nozzle mounted in a horizontal technological tank. The installation is equipped with pipelines for supplying a gas-liquid mixture (GHS), gas discharge, oil and water drainage from the technological tank, a gas separator installed above the technological tank, a drain baffle, sensors for monitoring the oil-water phase separation level and gas discharge from the gas separator and control valves.

Known separation unit for technical essence is closer to the proposed separator and can be adopted as a prototype.

A disadvantage of the known installation is its low efficiency. When using it, gas entrainment of a large number of particles of the liquid phase is not excluded, since drop separators are not provided in the design of the separator. At the same time, the design of the hydrocyclone also does not provide high-quality gas separation from the GHS with significant volumes of the separated stream.

The technical task of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of removal of gas from a gas-liquid mixture, increase the efficiency (Efficiency) and the performance of the separator

The stated technical problem is solved by the described gas-liquid separator, including a horizontally mounted technological cylindrical tank with a vertical tank, a hydrocyclone in communication with the supplying GHS pipe, pipes for the removal of separated gas and liquid phase, an adjustable gas valve and a liquid level sensor.

New is the fact that the horizontal tank is equipped with dividing walls, one of which is equipped with a tray in the upper part, and the other has a drop eliminator in communication with its window opening, the partitions are made gas tight in the upper part and installed with the possibility of forming a gap with the bottom of the tank for the passage of the liquid phase and the entry of their lower edges into the lowest possible level of fluid flow, dividing the cavity of the tank into three compartments, the middle of which, stabilization, is equipped with an additional safety cl a pan and a pressure sensor, as well as generators of low-frequency waves with emitters emitting waves in diametrically opposite directions, above the first compartment, the installed vertical tank is equipped with a hydrocyclone head with a centrally mounted nozzle with a damped lower end, and the upper one connected with the nozzle supplying the GHS pipe around hydrocyclone pipes are installed in the central pipe, tangentially connected pipes with it; each hydrocyclone pipe is equipped with drop eliminators in the upper part, made in the form of labyrinthically arranged rings with gas outlet pipes in the central part, communicated through the cavity of the detachable cover of the vertical tank with a gas outlet line with a gas adjustable valve in communication with the stabilization compartment, the outlet of which is equipped with a drop eliminator, and trays are installed under the hydrocyclone head and double-sided inclined guide pan with sides, said gas-controlled valve and associated electrically-safety valve, pressure sensor level and level of the liquid phase are electrically connected to the controller of the control unit, the third compartment is equipped with a manhole with a drop separator installed inside, communicated through its detachable lid with a gas outlet pipe connected to the main gas line, and the outlet pipe for the liquid phase is equipped with a funnel quencher.

New is the fact that the drop eliminator of the partition separating the stabilization compartment from the third compartment is made of many strips with bilaterally ribbed surfaces and communicated through the window opening of the said partition.

Patent studies in retrospect in 20 years to establish the technical level and preliminary determine the novelty of the claimed object were carried out by the patent fund of the TatNIPIneft Institute.

The analysis of known technical solutions in this technical field showed that the claimed technical solution has features that are not in the analogues, and their use in the claimed combination of essential features allows to obtain a new technical result. Therefore, we can assume that the claimed technical solution meets the conditions of patentability "novelty" and "inventive step".

The presented drawings explain the essence of the invention, in which Fig. 1 shows a general view of a gas-liquid separator with a technological cylindrical tank horizontally mounted on supports with a vertically mounted cylindrical tank, in a partial longitudinal section, where the GHS supply pipe is visible, compartments separated by partitions, a hydrocyclone head, installed in a vertical container with droplets, a manhole, an adjustable gas valve, a pressure sensor, a level gauge, low-frequency wave generators with radiation telyami waves safety valve pan mounted under hydrocyclone, et al.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section along aa on a hydrocyclone head;

Figure 3 is a section along BB in figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view along arrow A, where the tray installed under the hydrocyclone head and partially the pallet are visible;

In Fig.5 is a section along BB in Fig.1, where the branch pipe discharging the liquid phase and its funnel quencher are visible.

The gas-liquid separator comprises a process vessel 1 in the form of a cylinder (see FIG. 1), mounted horizontally on the supports 2, with a vessel 3 vertically mounted, in communication with each other. The horizontal tank is equipped with dividing partitions 7 and 8 separating it into three compartments 4, 5 and 6, made gas-tight in the upper part and installed with the possibility of forming a gap with the bottom of the tank for the passage of the liquid phase and the lower edges of them coming into the minimum ("min") possible flow level, the middle compartment of which 5 is stabilization. The partition 7 is equipped with a tray 9, and the partition 8 is equipped with a drop eliminator 10, made in the form of many strips with a bilateral ribbed surface and communicated through its window opening for the passage of gas flow. The compartment 5 is equipped with a safety valve 11, a pressure sensor 12, a level gauge 13 and low-frequency wave generators 14 and 15 with emitters 16 and 17, respectively, made in the form of flat screens radiating waves in diametrically opposite directions. The third compartment 6, located to the right of compartment 5, is equipped with a manhole 18 for inspection and repair work with a drop eliminator 19 installed inside and communicated through its removable cover 20 with a gas outlet 21 connected to the main pipeline (the main pipeline is not shown in Fig. ) In the lower part of the tank under the hatchway, the outlet opening of the liquid phase branch pipe 22 is equipped with a funnel damper 23 (see Fig. 5), which prevents the secondary capture of gas by the liquid flow. Above the first compartment 4, a vertical tank 3 is mounted, equipped with a hydrocyclone head including a central pipe 24 (see also FIGS. 2 and 3), with a muffled lower end, and the upper one being hermetically connected to a pipe 25 supplying a gas-liquid mixture, around which hydrocyclone pipes are installed 26, 27, 28, and 29 communicated with it using nozzles 30, 31, 32, and 33 tangentially. The number of hydrocyclone pipes, depending on the flow rate of the incoming GHS, may be more or less than four pieces. Each hydrocyclone pipe in the upper part is equipped with a droplet eliminator 34 made in the form of labyrinth rings 35 with gas outlet pipes 36, 37, 38 and 39 located in the middle and fixed to the supporting disks 40 with openings 41 for gas passage. The latter are communicated through the cavity of the detachable cover 42 with a gas exhaust line 43 provided with an adjustable gas valve 44 through which it is connected to the stabilization compartment 5, the outlet of which is equipped with a drop eliminator 45. Under the hydrocyclone head there is a bilaterally inclined guide pallet 46 with sides and trays 47 (see Fig. 1 and 4) for the direction of the liquid phase. To ensure the stable operation of the separator in a given mode, the gas valve 44, the associated electrically safety valve 11, the pressure sensor 12 and the liquid level sensor 13 are electrically connected to the controller of the control unit (the controller and control unit are not shown in Fig.). If it is necessary to separate the liquid phase into components, for example, oil from water, a drain baffle 48 can be installed in the third compartment in the interval from the bottom to the central axis (the drain baffle is indicated by a dashed line), which allows you to expand the scope of the separator and use it in the collection system and well production preparation. The bottom of the horizontal tank is equipped with technological bends 49 and 50 with locking elements (locking elements are not shown in Fig. Because of simplicity) for washing the precipitates that have fallen on the bottom - mechanical impurities and water drainage. The gas and drain pipes are equipped with gas and liquid phase meters, respectively, and are equipped with shut-off elements (the pipelines are not shown in FIG.), The opening and closing of which is carried out from the control unit. All nozzles 25, 21 and 22, supplying the GHS, gas of the liquid phase, respectively, as well as process branches 49 and 50 are equipped with connecting flanges, as well as shutoff valves.

Gas-liquid separator operates as follows.

Before starting up the separator, first check the tightness of the connections of the inlet and outlet pipelines, gas lines, the reliability of opening and closing valves, shut-off elements, the connection of the power line to the controller of the control unit, etc. Further along the inlet pipe 25 and the associated central pipe 24 is gas-liquid the mixture (GHS) is fed tangentially to the hydrocyclone head using nozzles 30, 31, 32 and 33. The gas-liquid mixture represents well production, for example, coming from one of the well clusters n pressurized. At the same time, on a command from the control unit according to a predetermined program, the low-frequency wave generators 14 and 15 that come through the cables 51 and 52 are activated, connecting the emitters 16 and 17 to work. In the hydrocyclone pipes 26-29, the flow is subjected to swirling and twisting in a spiral, as a result intensive separation of the flow into layers, the dense layers that make up the liquid phase form spiral flows, are located closer to the walls of the pipes and flow down the walls of the pipes to the pallet 46 and gradually fill the tank 1 throughout the given volume to the level I am the minimum or maximum (in Fig. 1, the given level is indicated by dashed lines). In this case, the evolved gas component, being in the central part, through the gas exhaust pipes 36-39 and passing through the droplet disks 34 and through the holes 41 of the support disk 40 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), enters the upper part of the vertical tank 3, wherefrom the gas outlet line 43, communicated with the detachable cover 42, through the control gas valve 44 enters the drop collector 45 and then into the stabilization compartment 5 of the horizontal tank 1. When leaving the baffle 45, the gas flow hits the drop collector-tray 9, fixed to the separation wall 5 at an angle to the vertical, where on its surface leaves particles of liquid. The flowing liquid from the drop eliminators 45 and 9 is directed downward and mixes with the liquid phase flow in the tank 1, and the gas stream, then passing through the drop eliminators 10 and 19 and freed from the liquid particles, enters the main gas line through the gas outlet 21 (main gas line to Fig. not shown). In the second stabilization compartment, the liquid phase is additionally subjected to mechanical action by low-frequency waves with the help of generators 14 and 15 (see Fig. 1), as a result of which small bubbles of gas dissolved in it come closer together and enlarged, separated and fed to drop eliminators 10 and 19, from where rising up, carried away by the main stream of gas. In this case, the liquid phase through the damper 23, the discharge pipe 22 and then through the main pipeline is transported to the point of the system for measuring the quantity and quality of oil.

The separator operating mode is continuous, gas is separated in all compartments. The liquid phase level is controlled by a level gauge 13 with an electrical signal output and is limited to “max.” Below cyclone tubes 26-29 and “min.” Above the lower edge of the partition wall 7 of the first compartment and is supported by a regulating gas valve 44 on command from the controller. When the liquid level rises to a predetermined maximum, the control valve closes, the released free gas in the first compartment, creating an increased pressure differential in relation to other compartments, displaces the liquid through the lower edges of the partition 7 into the second compartment and beyond. In the process of moving along the liquid tank to the exhaust pipe due to gravity, gas evolution continues.

The technical and economic advantage of the invention is as follows. The separator has increased efficiency and productivity, the manufacture, assembly and installation does not require large material costs and time, and also does not require the use of scarce materials, it has low metal consumption and small size.

Claims (2)

1. Gas-liquid separator (GHS), including a horizontally mounted technological cylindrical tank with a vertical tank, a hydrocyclone in communication with the supplying GHS pipe, nozzles for removing the separated gas and liquid phase, an adjustable gas valve and a liquid level sensor, characterized in that the horizontal tank is equipped dividing partitions, one of which is equipped with a tray in the upper part, and the other with a droplet separator communicated with its window opening, the partitions are made gas-tight in vertical parts and installed with the possibility of forming a gap with the bottom of the tank for the passage of the liquid phase and the lower edges of the entry into the lowest possible level of fluid flow, dividing the cavity of the tank into three compartments, the middle of which is stabilization, is equipped with an additional safety valve and pressure sensor, and generators of low-frequency waves with emitters emitting waves in diametrically opposite directions, above the first compartment installed vertical tank is equipped with a hydrocyclone head with A centrally mounted pipe with a sealed lower end, and a top pipe connected with the supplying GHS, a hydrocyclone pipe is installed around the central pipe, tangentially communicated with it, each hydrocyclone pipe equipped with droplets in the upper part made in the form of labyrinth rings located with gas outlet pipes in the Central part, communicated through the cavity of the detachable cover of the vertical tank with a gas outlet line with a gas adjustable valve, communicated with a stabilization compartment, at the outlet of which there is a droplet eliminator, while under the hydrocyclone head there are trays and a two-sided inclined guide tray with sides, the said gas adjustable valve and the associated electrically safety valve, the pressure and liquid level sensor are electrically connected to the controller of the control unit , the third compartment is equipped with a manhole with a drop eliminator installed inside, communicated through its detachable cover with a gas outlet pipe connected to the trunk th gas line, and the branch pipe discharging the liquid phase is equipped with a funnel quencher. 2. The gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the droplet separator separating the stabilization compartment from the third compartment is made of many strips with two-sided ribbed surfaces.

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