RU2391325C1 - Method for manufacturing and assembly of explosive charges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method for manufacturing and assembly of explosive charges relates to methods of explosive substances (ES) treatment and includes pressing of stock from ES by means of force application from the side of one of its ends with further enclosure of stock into tight volume formed with the help of elastic and shape-generating elements and compression in chamber of high pressure. As shape-generating element, charge body is applied, which is manufactured previously and filled with ES arranged in seat portion of bottom, which may be formed as through hole, groove, slots, etc. Prior to installation of ES stock into stock body, it may be assembled with intermediate charge. As stock is placed in body, end of stock, from the side of which the pressing force was applied, is placed on the side of body bottom, and elastic element is put on body or inserted into body from the side of other end of stock, and compression is carried out from the same side.

EFFECT: improved accuracy of ES charge assembly, and also safety and manufacturability of its production.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for processing explosives (BB) and can be used in the manufacture of explosive devices, for example cumulative charges.

The challenge in this technical field is to increase the accuracy of manufacturing and assembling explosive charge of complex configuration, for example, cumulative charges while reducing the complexity of manufacturing and increasing safety.

From the prior art known solutions to this problem. So there is a known method of manufacturing and assembling explosive charges (RF patent “Method of cumulative charge assembly and a press tool for its implementation” RU No. 2237850, IPC ⁷ F42B 1/036, published 10.10.2004), according to which blanks are first formed from explosives by filling explosive composition in the charge body, rigidly fixed in the mold matrix, then pressing is carried out by transferring forces to the pallet and the pallet is moved towards the punch, thus, two-sided axial pressing of the explosive charge into the body is carried out. A press tool for the manufacture of explosive charge includes a matrix, a pallet and a punch, between which a force transfer unit is mounted on a pallet made integral and at least of two movable and one stationary parts.

The known method and device allows to produce explosive charges of complex configuration by connecting the explosive charge with the body and lining, however, they have a number of significant drawbacks.

The presence of movably mating joints between the punch and the guide, the pallet and the guide, the casing and the punch, the casing and the pallet leads to a misalignment of the cumulative recess (facing) relative to the profile of the upper end, which determines the location of the intermediate charge, which, in turn, causes a decrease in the main operating characteristic cumulative charges. In addition, with this assembly method, the charge lining experiences heavy loads and is partially deformed, which also leads to a decrease in performance. It should also be noted that the presence of a large number of gaps in the mating elements of the mold and the charge housing creates the conditions for the formation of explosive streaks in them and their subsequent abrasion, which, on the one hand, increases the danger of the pressing process, and on the other, leads to wear of the press -tool.

As a prototype of the claimed method, as the closest in terms of the problem and the number of similar features, the method of manufacturing and assembling explosive charges, known from the description of the patent No. 2301787, IPC ⁷ C06B 21/00, published on June 27, 2007, was selected. "Method and device for the manufacture of explosive charges."

A method of manufacturing and assembling explosive charges involves the formation of a billet of explosives to a density of 60-90% of the theoretically maximum achievable and at the same time connecting it to the cladding using mold elements for hard pressing, the subsequent conclusion of the billet with the pallet in a sealed volume formed by an elastic element in the form of a shell and forming elements, followed by placement in a high-pressure chamber and compression along the side surface HAND liquid or gas. As forming elements, a glass and a lid are used, by means of which the workpiece is rigidly fixed on the end surfaces. In this case, the sealed volume is evacuated. After crimping, the side surface of the workpiece is machined, docked with an intermediate explosive charge and assembled with a body, in the bottom of which a seat is preliminarily preformed for the intermediate charge.

The disadvantage of this method is that the pressing of the charge is carried out in a special device that provides imparting a given geometric shape to the charge only from the end surfaces of the charge. To give the given geometric dimensions of the charge along the side surface, special equipment for machining is required, which reduces the safety of the process and increases the complexity. It should also be attributed to the disadvantage that the accuracy of the assembly with this manufacturing method will be determined by the tolerances of the seating surfaces of the housing and the workpiece. Another disadvantage is the need for evacuation of the sealed cavity of the device for compressing the explosive charge, which also increases the complexity of manufacturing the charge and complicates the design of the device for pressing it.

The technical result that can be achieved by using the claimed invention is to increase the accuracy of assembly of the explosive charge, as well as the safety and manufacturability of its manufacture by eliminating a number of operations (machining, gluing the workpiece into the body and facing into the charge), and providing the possibility of pressing for one cycle of explosive charge group.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of manufacturing and assembling explosive charges, including pressing a workpiece from an explosive by applying force from one of its ends, enclosing the workpiece in a sealed volume, which is formed using a forming element and an elastic shell, compression in the high pressure chamber and assembly with a prefabricated body, charge assembly with the body is carried out simultaneously with compression of the workpiece in the high pressure chamber, using a prefabricated body as the forming element, wherein the blank in the body is installed with the end face, from which the pressing force was applied, from the bottom of the body, and the elastic shell is crimped from the opposite side and from the same side, and the elastic element is either put on the body or installed in the housing. In this case, when installing the elastic shell in the housing, it is made in the form of a truncated housing.

If necessary, perform a seat in the housing to accommodate an intermediate charge in the form of a through hole on the bottom of the housing before pressing the workpiece to put on an additional elastic shell.

In the manufacture of a charge with a profile end face, an insert of an appropriate form is installed between it and the elastic shell.

Simultaneous compression of the workpiece and its connection with the body in the high-pressure chamber eliminates radial stresses and deformations in the body that occur during pressing in a rigid mold due to the presence of gaps between the body and the press tool and, therefore, increases the manufacturability and safety of the pressing process and build accuracy.

Preliminary placement of an intermediate charge in the bottom of the casing allows eliminating the influence of tolerances on assembly accuracy during pressing of the main charge and ensuring that there is no gap between the intermediate and main charges without the use of adhesive joints, which increases accuracy, while reducing the number of dangerous operations.

Using as a forming element of the housing allows you to position the workpiece in the housing with the accuracy specified by the dimensions of the housing, which provides better symmetry of the charge and eliminates the presence of gaps between the housing and the charge, charge and intermediate charge (if present), and also eliminates the mechanical treatment of charge surfaces and, as a result, increases the product’s performance, reduces the complexity of charge manufacture and increases the safety of the pressing process.

Pressing a workpiece with application of force from one of its ends and subsequent pressing in a high-pressure chamber with application of force from the side of the opposite end allows achieving the required value of charge different density while simplifying the design of the press tool and at a lower pressing pressure, which increases process safety and increases manufacturability.

The placement of the elastic element on the opposite side of the application of the pressing force of the workpiece and the use of the housing as the forming element eliminates the mechanical processing of the side surface of the charge and ensures its uniformity.

The use of an additional elastic element leads to the sealing of the cavity of the body in the presence of a through hole in it.

Placing in the free volume between the end face of the workpiece and the elastic element of the liner, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of the free volume, provides the desired charge form from the side of the end from which the pressing is performed, and eliminates the vacuum of the sealed cavity, which simplifies the design of the mold and reduces the complexity of manufacturing charge.

The drawing shows a press tool with a blank of a cumulative explosive charge for placement in a high-pressure chamber, where:

1 - charge preparation;

2 - preliminary charge;

3 - charge housing;

4, 5 - metal inserts;

6 - rubber insert;

7 - elastic shell;

8 - additional elastic shell;

9 - facing.

An example of a tool with which you can make a cumulative charge according to the claimed method, can serve as a press tool, including a charge housing made of steel 20 and having a landing slot for placing a preliminary charge, metal inserts, repeating the shape of the housing and cladding made of steel 30X13 , an elastic insert made in the form of a disk with a diameter of ~ 37 mm and a height of ~ 6 mm from rubber ИРП 1354 ТУ 38 005.1166-98, elastic shells made of rubber ИРП 1354 in the form of glasses with inner diameters equal to the outer diameters of the end surfaces of the housing.

The manufacture and assembly of the cumulative charge is carried out in two stages.

The first stage is the formation of a charge blank up to a density of 80-85% of theoretically the maximum achievable is carried out using a mold for direct pressing. The pressing force to the workpiece is applied from the flat end, while the molding of the workpiece is carried out on the lining.

The second stage is hydrostatic pressing (see drawing). A precharge 2 is installed in the landing socket of the housing 3, which is a through hole, then the blank 1 with the lining 9 is installed. A metal insert 5 is installed on the inner surface of the lining and a rubber insert 6 is installed on it, after which an elastic element in the form of a shell is put on 7. From the opposite end, a liner 4 is installed in the housing and an additional element in the form of a shell is put on 8. The prepared press tool is placed in a high-pressure chamber (hydrostat), heated for a temperature of about 60 ° C, which is sealed, creating a predetermined pressure and is kept assembled press tool therein for 5-15 minutes. During the holding process, the elastic element 7 transfers the pressure generated in the high-pressure chamber through the liners 5 and 6 and the lining 9 to the blank BB and seals it, partially also the BB is sealed from the side of the forming surface of the body. At the end of the exposure, the pressure in the hydrostat chamber is removed, it is depressurized, the press tool is removed, it is disassembled and the finished charge connected to the lining and the housing is removed.

Thus, the inventive method for the manufacture and assembly of explosive charges provides for the manufacture of a cumulative charge with the minimum required density and maximum accuracy of assembly with the body, cladding and preliminary charge in the absence of gaps between them, and also provides the possibility of group pressing.

Claims (4)

1. A method of manufacturing and assembling explosive charges, comprising pressing a workpiece from explosive by applying force from one of its ends, enclosing the workpiece in a sealed volume, which is formed using forming and elastic elements, crimping in a high pressure chamber and pre-assembly manufactured housing, characterized in that the charge assembly with the housing is carried out simultaneously with the compression of the workpiece in a high pressure chamber, using as a forming element redvaritelno manufactured housing, wherein the end face of the workpiece, by which the pressing force has been applied is placed from the bottom of the housing, and an elastic member disposed on the opposite side and the same side compression is performed, wherein the elastic member is put on the housing or mounted in the housing. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the preliminary manufacture of the housing with a through hole at the bottom for installing an intermediate charge, before pressing the workpiece in the high pressure chamber, an additional elastic element is put on the bottom of the housing. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the manufacture of a charge with a profile end face, an insert of a corresponding shape is installed between it and the elastic element. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when installed in the housing of an elastic element it is made in the form of a truncated cone.

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