RU2388518C1 - Device to clean and recover flue gases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ash traps and can be used at thermal power stations. Proposed device comprises housing, inlet and outlet branch pipes, settling chamber with baffle. Note here that said baffle has lengthwise slots with constant spacing. Inlet branch pipe is furnished with sprayer representing a manifold with vortex nozzles. Chamber lower part accommodates heat exchanger representing a tubular coil. Proposed device comprises moisture separator with tangential feed inlet.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of cleaning due to use of vortex nozzle, hence, greater savings.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ash collectors and can be used at thermal power plants.

The closest technical solution to the claimed facility is an ash collector for AS USSR No. 435442, С02В 1/10 dated 04.07.72, comprising an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a hopper, irrigation and spray nozzles (prototype).

The drawback of the ash collector is the relatively low degree of resource conservation and flue gas cleaning.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of resource saving and flue gas cleaning by increasing the spray surface due to the use of a vortex nozzle.

This is achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases containing an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, the precipitation chamber is provided with a partition wall immersed in the chamber, and the lower part of the partition wall immersed in the chamber has longitudinal grooves with a constant step, and the inlet gas duct of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector with vortex nozzles, into which water under pressure flows through a pipeline from a screw pump connected with a tank for collecting water coming from the overflow window of the precipitation chamber with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, and in the lower part of the chamber there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil, and the device is equipped with a water separator with a tangential inlet.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases, figure 2 is a frontal section of a vortex nozzle for spraying liquid.

A device for cleaning and disposal of exhaust flue gases contains a precipitation chamber 1 (Fig. 1), filled with water to the level of the separation partition 2, immersed in the chamber 1. The lower part of the separation partition 2, immersed in the chamber 1, has longitudinal grooves with a constant pitch. The inlet gas duct 3 of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, water into which is supplied under pressure through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water coming from an overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown) through drain pipe 8. In the lower part of the chamber 1 there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil 5 having an inlet 7 for cold water and an outlet 6 for hot water. The exhaust fan 20 is used for pumping purified gas from the pipe 4 through the duct 19 and supplying it through the duct 14 to the moisture separator 15 with a tangential inlet 17, and then through the duct 18 to the chimney 16, which is made of plastic, since the temperature of the exhaust flue gases is about 80 ÷ 90 ° C.

To increase the efficiency of capturing the smallest particles of ash in a precipitation chamber 1 filled with water, foam active substances are added to the water circulation system, which contribute to the formation of foam and more intensive capture of ash particles. The heat of the exhaust flue gases is absorbed by the heat exchanger 5. The collector 12 is made with vortex nozzles (figure 2), which serve to increase the spray surface. The vortex nozzle consists of a housing 29, inside of which there is a screw 27 pressed into the housing 29. The outer surface of the screw 27 is a helical groove with a right (or left) thread. Inside the screw 27 a hole 28 is made with a left (or right) screw thread. In the bottom of the housing 29, a throttle hole 30 is made, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the hole 28 in the screw 27. A conical mixing chamber 21 is located between the lower end of the screw 27 and the slice of the throttle hole 30. The solution (liquid) is supplied through the fitting 23, secured enny in the upper portion of the housing 29 via a sealing gasket 22. Inside the nozzle 23, cylindrical hole 24 formed passing into the diffuser 25, which is connected to a cylindrical chamber 26 formed in the housing 29, into which the screw 27 is pressed.

A device for cleaning and disposal of flue gases works as follows.

Hot gases contaminated with ash particles enter the chamber 1 through the inlet duct 3, which is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector 12 with centrifugal nozzles 13, into which water under pressure flows through a pipe 11 from a screw pump 10 connected to a tank 9 for collecting water entering from the overflow window with an adjustable gate (not shown) through the drain pipe 8. The exhaust fan 20 is used to pump purified gas from the pipe 4 through the duct 19 and supply it through the duct 14 to the moisture separator 15 with a tangential inlet 17, and then m through the duct 18 into the chimney 16.

Vortex nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

The liquid is supplied through a cylindrical hole 24 into the diffuser 25, and from it into the chamber 26, from which it flows simultaneously in two directions under pressure: firstly, into the screw external cavity of the screw 27, and secondly, into the screw hole 28. A rotating fluid stream from the screw external cavity of the screw 27 enters the mixing chamber 21. On the other hand, liquid 21 enters the chamber 21 from the screw-threaded hole 26, rotating in the direction opposite to the external flow going through the screw 27, or by passing (the same ) rotation. In the interaction of the rotating flows in the chamber 21, an additional crushing of the liquid droplets occurs due to their collision in the associated or opposite rotating fluid flows (external and internal). The total finely dispersed rotating stream exits through the throttle hole 30, and the direction of its rotation is determined by the hydraulic resistance of the external or internal screw cavities and grooves of the screw 27, respectively. The nozzle screw 27 can be made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire. When the average diameter of the throttle hole 30, which is in the range of 2.5 ... 3.5 mm, and the pressure supplied through the cylindrical hole 24 of the liquid under a pressure of 6 ... 9 MPa, atomization of 400 to 1000 kg / h of liquid is provided. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning and utilization of exhaust flue gases, comprising an inlet pipe, a housing, an outlet pipe, a precipitation chamber, characterized in that the precipitation chamber is provided with a separation partition immersed in the chamber, the lower part of the separation partition immersed in the chamber having longitudinal grooves with a constant step, and the inlet gas duct of the device is equipped with a water sprinkler in the form of a collector with vortex nozzles, water into which under pressure enters through a pipeline from a screw pump connected to a tank for collecting water coming from the overflow window of the precipitation chamber with an adjustable gate through the drain pipe, and in the lower part of the chamber there is a heat exchanger in the form of a tubular coil, and the device is equipped with a water separator with a tangential inlet.

Images