RU2361183C2 - Device for measuring and calibrating directional pattern of light-emitting devices in plane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics; measurement.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has a radiation source, from which light flux passes through a calibrated coordinate-modulating measuring scale and a slit diaphragm to the photodiode of the radiation source, connected through a converter, amplifier, low-pass filter and a level comparator to a source of optical signals, part of which is incident on a photodetector, and the other part on a semiconductor radiation detector, connected through a converter, amplifier, low-pass filter and a preliminary amplifier with a terminal amplifier, from which pulse reference signals MARKS are fed into a computer. At the base of the device, there is a motor with transmission and a measuring scale with terminal switches, connected to a STROBE signal shaper, where the STROBE signals are fed into the computer. There is a disc of a rotating device, which is rotated about a vertical axis. On the disc are mounted the radiation source, photodiode of the radiation source, a mobile electronic device, a rotating tripod with an optical signal radiator and a semiconductor radiation detector, left and right shutters for actuation of terminal switches. The measuring scale is part of a cylindrical surface, installed immovably and concentrically on the outer surface of the disc. The photodetector is mounted on an immovable tripod and is connected to the computer.

EFFECT: increased accuracy and reliability of measurement and calibration of directional patterns.

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Description

The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used to measure and calibrate the radiation patterns of light-emitting devices, LEDs, infrared emitting diodes of the wavelength range and other light-emitting devices of the optical wavelength range (photodetectors, photodiodes), determine the size and position of the radiation patterns of the devices.

An analogue of the claimed device for measuring the radiation pattern of photodetector devices is an electron-optical device containing a radiation source, an optical channel with an optical signal modulator, a radiation receiver, a measuring circuit [1].

The disadvantages of the analogue are the presence of a complex system of mirrors, lenses in the optical channel, the complexity of the settings, low reliability, insufficient measurement accuracy, the complexity of the measurement process. To ensure the necessary measurement accuracy, the optical channel is even more complicated when dividing the light flux of the radiation source into beams using additional mirrors, lenses and measuring the difference of the optical signals.

The closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed device is a device for measuring the radiation pattern containing a radiation source, a semiconductor radiation receiver, an optical channel with an optical signal modulator, a measuring channel, characterized in that the optical channel includes a photodiode of the radiation source and a source photocurrent converter connected in series to it , source signal amplifier, source low pass filter, level comparator, power amplifier of source signals and from the emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, some of which is fed to the measuring device, from which the measured signals are then fed to the computer, the measuring channel includes a semiconductor radiation receiver, to which another part of the coordinate-modulated optical signals is fed, and to which the emitter photocurrent converter, an amplifier emitter signals, low-pass filter of the emitter, pre-amplifier of the emitter signals, terminal amplifier from which the imp “METKI” pulse reference signals are fed to a computer, the modulator in the optical channel is made in the form of a certified coordinate-modulating measuring ruler with a slit diaphragm, at the ends of the ruler are two limit switches connected to the “STROB” clock generator, which are fed to the computer, the base of the device contains a motor with a drive, an electronic device for a signal driver and motor control, a carriage with a radiation source fixed to it, and a source photodiode th, an electronic carriage device, an emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, a semiconductor radiation receiver with two shutters, the electronic carriage device connected to the electronic device of the signal conditioner and motor control by a flexible connector and contains a current source, a source photocurrent converter, a source signal amplifier, a photocurrent converter the emitter and the amplifier of the emitter signals, the device contains two guides, and the carriage is made with the possibility of two two-track rails (Patent RU 2274837 C2, IPC G01J 1/18 of 04/26/2004). The prototype does not allow direct measurements and calibration of radiation patterns of light-emitting (photodetector) devices F (φ), where F is the signal amplitude; φ is the spatial angle (for example, the azimuth angle). The prototype does not solve the problem on its own, i.e. it represents an unfinished technical solution (prefix for measurements).

By definition, the radiation pattern of transmitting and receiving devices is the dependence of the signal amplitude on the spatial angular direction.

The prototype records the dependence of the change in the amplitude of the signal in a straight line (axis). This dependence is not a radiation pattern of light-emitting devices, LEDs (photodetectors, photodiodes).

Thus, the prototype cannot independently measure the radiation patterns F (φ) of the devices.

The aim of the invention is to create a complete simpler device that allows you to independently perform direct measurements and calibration of radiation patterns of light-emitting devices; automatically register and record radiation patterns in the computer database.

The inventive device for measuring and calibrating radiation patterns in the plane allows to solve the following tasks:

- make direct measurements and calibration of radiation patterns F (φ) of light-emitting devices, i.e. measure the amplitude of the signal depending on the angle of rotation of the disk of the rotary device with a rigidly mounted light emitting device;

- increase the accuracy and reliability of measurements;

- calibrate the radiation pattern in the angular direction in the plane with an accuracy of 1/2 of the division price of the certified coordinate-modulating ruler;

- measure radiation patterns both in horizontal, vertical and other planes by turning (around the axis by an angle θ = 90 ° or any other value) and installing light-emitting devices on a tripod.

The solution of these problems is achieved by the fact that in the device the engine rotates the drive of the rotary device 8, moving around a vertical axis, a moving electronic device 10, a rotating tripod with a fixed emitter 7 of coordinate-modulated optical signals, which is a light-emitting measured device, and a semiconductor radiation receiver 5, the radiation source 16 and the photodiode of the radiation source 17 are rigidly fixed to the disk of the rotary device, and the certified coordinates The o-modulating measuring ruler 1 is part of a cylindrical surface in the form of a curved tape mounted motionlessly and concentrically with the outer cylindrical surface of the disk, the left 6 and right curtain 6 are fixed to the disk, and the photodetector 35, which is a probe, is mounted on a fixed tripod 34 and sequentially connected to the probe photocurrent converter 43, the signal amplifier of the probe 44, the low-pass filter of the probe 45 and the computer 39.

Figure 1 shows the design of the device, where indicated:

1 - calibration ruler in azimuth;

2 - electronic signal conditioning and engine control device;

3 - right limit switch;

4 - a rotating tripod of a light-emitting measured device;

5 - semiconductor radiation receiver;

6 - curtains;

7 - emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, which is a light-emitting measured device (hereinafter emitter);

8 - disk rotary device;

9 - flexible connector;

10 - electronic device of the rotary device;

11 - left limit switch;

12 - drive;

13 - base;

14 - engine;

15 - connector connecting the device to the computer;

16 - radiation source (hereinafter source);

17 - source photodiode;

18 - slotted diaphragm.

Figure 2 shows the structural diagram of the device (arrows indicate the direction of radiation), where indicated:

1 - ruler;

2 - electronic signal conditioning and engine control device;

3 - right limit switch;

5 - semiconductor radiation receiver;

7 - emitter;

10 - electronic device of the rotary device;

11 - left limit switch;

14 - engine;

16 - source;

17 - source photodiode;

18 - slotted diaphragm;

19 - current source;

20 - source photocurrent converter;

21 - converter photocurrent emitter;

22 - source signal amplifier;

23 - amplifier signal emitter;

24 - low-pass filter of the source;

25 - low-pass filter of the emitter;

26 - level comparator;

27 - a preliminary amplifier of the emitter signals;

28 - generator of synchronizing signals "STROB";

29 - power amplifier of the source signals;

30 - terminal amplifier;

31 - cascade matching levels;

32 is an electronic engine control device.

33 - tripod connector;

34 - tripod photodetector probe

35 - photodetector - probe;

36 - connector cable;

37 - received signal;

38 - emitted coordinate-modulated signal;

39 - computer with a monitor;

40 is a block of a rotary device with an emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, which is a light-emitting measured device and a semiconductor radiation receiver;

41 - signal "STROBE";

42 - signal “LABELS”;

43 - probe photocurrent probe;

44 - probe signal amplifier;

45 is a low-pass filter of the probe.

The design of the device represents and contains the following.

A radiation source 16, a semiconductor radiation receiver 5, an optical channel with an optical signal modulator, including a photodiode of a radiation source 17 and a photocurrent converter of source 20, a signal amplifier of source 22, a low-pass filter of source 24, a comparator of level 26, a power amplifier of source signals 29, connected to the emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals being a light-emitting measured device. It contains a photodetector 35, which is a probe, which receives a portion of coordinate-modulated optical signals mounted on a fixed tripod 34 and connected in series with the photocurrent converter of probe 43, signal amplifier of probe 44, low-pass filter of probe 45 and computer 39. Contains a measuring channel, including a semiconductor radiation detector 5, which receives another part of the coordinate-modulated optical signals and to which a photocurrent converter from the radiator 21, the signal amplifier of the emitter 23, the low-pass filter of the emitter 25, the pre-amplifier of the signals of the emitter 27, the terminal amplifier 30, from which the pulse reference signals "Tags" are fed to the computer 39. On the basis of the device 13 there are a motor 14 with a drive 12, an electronic device signal generation and engine control 2, a modulator in the optical channel with a certified coordinate-modulating measuring ruler 1 with a slit diaphragm, which is part of a cylindrical surface in the form of a curved axis You installed stationary and concentrically with the outer cylindrical surface of the disk, at the ends of the ruler are two limit switches 3, 11, connected to the synchronizing signal generator “STROB” 28 and the level converter 31, from which the signals are fed to the computer 39. It contains a moving electronic rotary device device 10, associated with an electronic device for generating signals and controlling the engine 10 with a flexible connector 9, and contains a current source 19, a photocurrent converter of a source 20, a signal amplifier the source 22, the photocurrent converter of the emitter 21 and the signal amplifier of the emitter 23. The motor 14 rotates the disk of the rotary device 8, moving around a vertical axis, a moving electronic device 10 is mounted on the disk, a rotating tripod 4 with fixed emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals 7 , which is a light-emitting measured device, and a semiconductor radiation receiver 5. Contains a radiation source 16 and a photodiode rigidly mounted on the disk of the rotary device radiation source 17. The left and right shutters 6 are fixed on the disk, and the photodetector 35, which is a probe, is mounted on a fixed tripod 34, and the certified coordinate-modulating measuring ruler 1 is part of a cylindrical surface in the form of a curved tape mounted motionless and concentrically with the external the cylindrical surface of the disk 10, and is connected in series with the photocurrent converter of the probe 43, the signal amplifier of the probe 44, the low-pass filter of the probe 45 and the computer 39.

The inventive device operates as follows. The operator starts the calibration program for the light-emitting measured device 7 using a computer 39. When the calibration program is run on a computer 39, the “START” command is received, by which the engine 14 is turned on using the electronic engine control device 2, when the light stream generated by the source 16 flows through it direct current I ₀ from the current source 19 passes between the strokes on the line 1, the slit diaphragm 18 and enters the photodiode of the source 17. In the gap between the photodiode of the source 17 and the source 16, the gaps between the strokes n and the line is replaced by opaque strokes, the light flux is modulated in amplitude with a frequency of 2 kHz. The photodiode of the source 17 receives the amplitude-modulated light fluxes. The diaphragm 18, the slit of which is parallel to the strokes on the line 1, limits the background illumination of the photodiode 17 and increases the modulation depth. The photodiode currents of the source 17 arising under the influence of modulated optical signals are supplied to the electronic device of the rotary device 10, where, using the photocurrent converter of the source 20, they are converted to U voltages. The voltages U, through the signal amplifier of the source 22, are supplied through a flexible connector 9 to the electronic device of the signal conditioner and controlling the engine 2 and after the low-pass filter of the source 24 are fed to a level 26 comparator. The low-pass filter of the source 24 limits the passband frequencies. The second input of the comparator level 26 receives the reference voltage U ₀ . From the output of the comparator level 26, the voltage pulses of a rectangular shape are fed to the power amplifier of the signals of the source 29, and then to the emitter 7. The emitter 7 is placed on a rotating tripod 4, emits an optical coordinate-modulated signal 38.

An insignificant part of the optical power of the emitter 7 simultaneously enters the semiconductor radiation detector 5, and then, after linear amplification in the form of voltages of the pulsed reference signals “LABELS,” it is supplied to the computer 39. This occurs as follows: the currents of the control semiconductor radiation receiver 5 first enter the electronic rotary device device 10, where using a photocurrent converter of the emitter 21 are converted into voltage pulses, these voltages are fed to the signal amplifier the detector 23, and then to the low-pass filter of the emitter 25. From the output of the low-pass filter of the emitter 25, the pulses are fed to a preliminary amplifier of the signals of the emitter 27, then to the terminal amplifier 30. The terminal amplifier 30 provides the necessary power of the “MARKER” reference signals. When the disk of the rotary device 8 reaches the extreme positions on the line 1, the limit switches 11 or 3 are triggered. The operation of the limit switches 3 and 11 occurs when the shutters 6 close the gap between the optocouplers of the limit switches only when moving from left to right. The beginning of the line 1 corresponds to the extreme left position of the disk of the rotary device 8. When the left limit switch 11 is opened and the right limit switch 3 is closed by curtains 6, a positive and negative voltage drop occurs, which, using the gate former 28, are converted into STROBE signals, which are rectangular pulses a certain duration, synchronizing the operation of the measuring channel. From the output of the stage 31 matching cascade, the signals “STROBE” are sent to the output 41, they start up with a rising edge, and the measurement procedure performed under the control of a computer 39 stops with a falling edge. Optical coordinate-modulated signals from the output of the emitter 7 go to the input of the photodetector device 35 for measuring the radiation pattern of the emitter 7. In this case, the photodetector - probe 35 generates measured signals at the output in strict accordance with the radiation pattern of the light-emitting measured device TWA 7. These measured signals of the photodetector arrive through the series-connected converter of the photocurrents of the probe 43, the signal amplifier of the probe 44, the low-pass filter of the probe 45 on the computer 39.

The measurement of the radiation pattern of the light-emitting device in the horizontal plane is as follows. The light-emitting device 7, the radiation pattern of which must be measured, is mounted on a rotating tripod 4. After turning on the power of the device and starting the calibration program, the “METALS” 42 signals and the measured signals 37 received by the photodetector probe 35 are simultaneously fed to the computer inputs 39. These signals the actions of the STROBE signal are converted into digital form using a computer program 39. Then, the signals are stored for further processing in the computer memory 39. The program displays the time variables characteristics of these signals on a computer monitor 39.

The reference tags “LABELS” 42 are used for calibration as a reference when comparing with them the amplitudes and coordinates of the signals received from the output of the photodetector device of the probe 35. Measure the pattern and width of the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane by comparing the reference signal “LABELS” 42 and the measured coordinate a modulated signal received from the output of the photodetector of the probe 35.

The inventive device allows you to measure the radiation pattern of the light-emitting device 7 in a vertical plane when the light-emitting device 7 is rotated about a horizontal axis 90 ° (or any other value) and the device 7 is subsequently mounted on a rotating tripod 4. All calculations are performed using a computer program 39.

The technical solutions underlying the construction of the device for measuring the radiation pattern are made at the modern level of development of electronics using the domestic element base.

The inventive device is used as a stand for measuring and calibrating radiation patterns of light-emitting devices in the laboratory of the Department of "Measuring equipment and information technology"; when performing R&D and laboratory work according to the plans of the educational process of the branch of Moscow State Open University in Kropotkin.

Information sources

1. E.S. Levshina, P.V. Novitsky. Electrical measurements of physical quantities. Leningrad: Energoatomizdat, 1983, p.307-309.

Claims (1)

A device for measuring and calibrating the radiation patterns of light-emitting devices in a plane containing a radiation source, from which the light flux generated when a direct current flows through it from a current source, through a certified coordinate-modulating measuring ruler and a slit diaphragm, is fed to the radiation source photodiode connected in series with source photocurrent converter, source signal amplifier, source low-pass filter, level comparator, amplifier m the source signals connected to the emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, some of which is fed to a photodetector, a measuring channel including a semiconductor radiation receiver, to which another part of the coordinate-modulated optical signals is fed, to which the emitter photocurrent converter, the emitter signal amplifier are connected , low-pass filter of the emitter, pre-amplifier of the emitter signals, terminal amplifier from which the pulse all the “MARKER” reference signals are fed to the computer, on the base of the device there is a motor with a drive, a certified coordinate-modulating measuring ruler with a slit diaphragm, at the ends of which there are two limit switches connected to the “STROB” clock generator, which are fed to the computer, wherein said current source, source photocurrent converter, source signal amplifier, emitter photocurrent converter and emitter signal amplifier are contained in a moving electron ohm device, characterized in that the disk of the rotary device is introduced, which the motor rotates around the vertical axis with its drive, a moving electronic device is fixed on the disk, a rotating tripod with a fixed emitter of coordinate-modulated optical signals, which is a light-emitting measured device, and a semiconductor radiation receiver, rigidly the radiation source and the photodiode of the radiation source mounted on the disk of the rotary device, and the certified coordinate-modulating measurement The linear ruler is part of a cylindrical surface in the form of a curved tape mounted motionlessly and concentrically with the outer cylindrical surface of the disk, the left and right curtains are fixed on the disk, so that when the curtains cover the gap between the optocouplers of the limit switches, they are triggered, and the photodetector, which is probe mounted on a fixed tripod and connected in series with the probe photocurrent converter, probe signal amplifier, zone low-pass filter Yes, and computers.

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