RU2224026C1 - Method for producing fructose-glucose syrup - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method for processing Jerusalem artichoke tubers to prepared fructose-glucose syrup. Method involves preparing root crops for processing followed by their blanching, milling to pulp and pressing. Acid hydrolysis of inulin is carried out with ortho-phosphoric acid at pH of solution 0.5-5.0 and temperature 35-100 C for 30-120 min. Then hydrolyzate is neutralized with lime of milk taken in the amount 3-14 g/l followed by removing insoluble calcium phosphate precipitate from hydrolyzate by centrifugation. Neutralized hydrolyzate is purified by ultrafiltration on membranes with pores size 10-500

Description

 The invention relates to the food industry, in particular, to a method for processing Jerusalem artichoke tubers to produce fructose-glucose syrup, which can be used as an additive in the confectionery, baking and canning industries, in the production of beverages, and also as an independent food product.

 Jerusalem artichoke is rich in polyfructans, which form the basis of its carbohydrate complex (75%). The carbohydrate complex of Jerusalem artichoke tubers is mainly represented by inulin 11%, then sucrose 6%, fiber 2%, hemicellulose 1%, starch 0.3% and manose 0.16%. Due to the high content of inulin, Jerusalem artichoke is used to treat diseases associated with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes. The simplest and most traditional way of using Jerusalem artichoke is its direct use in food. However, the main problem associated with the use of Jerusalem artichoke tubers is the problem of their long-term storage, since the tubers do not differ in keeping quality after harvesting. Therefore, the direction associated with the processing of Jerusalem artichoke into long-term storage products, in particular, the production of fructose-glucose syrups, has received significant development.

 A known method for the production of fructose-glucose syrup from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, in which they are crushed into pulp, obtaining an inulin-containing solution, hydrolysis of the carbohydrate complex of this solution with phosphoric acid to form fructose and glucose, purification of the fructose-glucose solution and its evaporation to obtain a sling (SU 1392105 Pub. 1988).

 The disadvantages of the method include the loss of inulin in the process of its extraction from the feedstock, as well as the low cleaning efficiency of the resulting syrup.

 The technical result of the invention is to intensify the process of hydrolysis and purification of fructose-glucose solution with an overall reduction in carbohydrate losses in the production process.

при давлении 0,1-1,6 МПа и температуре 20-100^oС, скорости протока раствора не более 10 м/с и затем фильтрат подают в катионообменную и анионообменную колонны и процесс ионообменной очистки осуществляют до содержания не менее 80% редуцирующих веществ от сухих веществ раствора.The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method for the production of fructose-glucose syrup from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, including grinding them into pulp, obtaining an inulin-containing solution, hydrolysis of the carbohydrate complex of this solution with phosphoric acid to form fructose and glucose, purification of the fructose-glucose solution and its Evaporation to a sling provides that the hydrolyzate is neutralized with milk of lime in an amount of 3-14 g / l and the phosphorus precipitate formed during neutralization and calcium is removed from the solution by centrifugation. Fructose-glucose solution is purified by ultrafiltration on pore size membranes

at a pressure of 0.1-1.6 MPa and a temperature of 20-100 ^o C, the flow rate of the solution is not more than 10 m / s and then the filtrate is fed into cation exchange and anion exchange columns and the ion exchange process is carried out to a content of at least 80% of reducing substances from solids solution.

 The method is as follows.

Jerusalem artichoke tubers are washed, sorted and inspected. Then they are blanched either with hot water with a temperature of 80-100 ^o C for 1-10 minutes, or with steam (standard process steam) to inactivate enzymes that cause darkening of the raw material during processing. After this, Jerusalem artichoke is crushed into pulp and served for pressing.

Squeezed juice is fed into the reactor with a stirrer, where the process of hydrolysis of polyfructosans, including inulin, is carried out to a fructose-glucose solution. The hydrolysis is carried out with phosphoric acid for 3-120 minutes at a pH of 0.5-5.0 and a temperature of 35-100 ^o C.

 After completion of the hydrolysis process, milk of lime in an amount of 3-14 g / l is fed into the same reactor.

 As a result of the neutralization process, the solution is clarified, followed by separation of the precipitate in the form of insoluble calcium phosphate. The duration of the clarification process is 20-40 minutes.

при давлении 0,1-1,6 МПа, температуре 20-100^oС и скорости протока раствора не более 10 м/с. Ультрафильтрацию ведут до содержания взвешенных веществ в концентрате не более 1%.The resulting precipitate of calcium phosphate is removed from the solution by centrifugation, and then it is fed to ultrafiltration, which is carried out on membranes with pore size

at a pressure of 0.1-1.6 MPa, a temperature of 20-100 ^o C and a flow rate of the solution of not more than 10 m / s. Ultrafiltration is carried out to a suspension of suspended solids in a concentrate of not more than 1%.

 Then, the filtrate purified from high and medium molecular weight compounds is fed to cation exchange and anion exchange columns containing cation exchange resin, for example, Amberlite IRC-50 or Amberlite IR-120 brand resin and anion exchange resin materials, for example, Amberlite IRC-410 or Amberlite IRA-458 amberlite resin. The ion exchange purification process is carried out until at least 80% of the reducing substances from the solids of the solution are contained in the treated solution.

The resulting solution is sent to concentration, which is carried out in a vacuum evaporator at a process temperature of not more than 80 ^o C to a content of at least 50% solids in fructose-glucose syrup. From the vacuum evaporator, the syrup enters the collection tank with a stirrer, in which, if necessary, can preserve the finished product with sorbic acid for its longer storage. Then fructose-glucose syrup is sent to the packaging, where they carry out all operations related to the final quality control, filling the syrup into containers, labeling and accounting.

 When filling syrup in small glass containers, cans and bottles are sterilized in an autoclave. The syrup packaged in containers is fed into the seaming machine.

 As a result of the implementation of the proposed method, fructose-glucose syrup is obtained, which is a transparent viscous liquid without sediment, turbidity and impurities. Color - from colorless to amber of varying intensity. The taste is sweet without bitterness. The smell is usually absent, while a light fruity or caramel flavor is allowed.

According to physico-chemical parameters, fructose-glucose syrup corresponds to the following indicators:
Mass fraction of solids,% - 50-80
Mass fraction of reducing substances in terms of absolutely dry substances,% - 80-98
Mass fraction of fructose-glucose in terms of reducing substances,% - 70-90
Mass fraction of total ash in terms of absolutely dry matter,% - 0.1-0.5
Mass fraction of sorbic acid,% - 0.04-0.05
Impurities of plant origin - Not allowed
Mineral Impurities - Not Allowed
The carbohydrate content in 100 g of 70% fructose-glucose syrup is 64.8 g, and its energy value is 298 kcal / 100 g.

 The present invention is illustrated by a specific example of its implementation.

 Example.

Washed and inspected Jerusalem artichoke tubers in an amount of 200 kg are subjected to blanching with hot water at a temperature of 90 ^o C for 5 minutes. Blanched Jerusalem artichoke is transferred to the loading hopper of the machine for crushing it. The resulting pulp is fed into a container with heating and a stirrer, from where it is selected for pressing.

Squeezed juice with an inulin concentration of 11.6% is subjected to acid hydrolysis, which is carried out with phosphoric acid for 60 minutes at a pH of 2.0 and a temperature of 95 ^o C.

After completion of the hydrolysis process, lime milk in the amount of 7.0 g / l is loaded into the same reactor. The duration of the clarification process is 30 minutes at a process temperature of 90 ^o C.

The separation of solid and liquid phases is carried out by centrifugation with a separation factor f _r = 2000. Then the liquid phase is fed to ultrafiltration, which is carried out on UPM-10 polymer membrane filters at a working pressure of 0.1 MPa, a process temperature of 50 ^o C and a solution flow rate in the intermembrane channel of 3 m / s. The process is conducted until the content of suspended solids in the concentrate is not more than 1%.

 The filtrate purified from high- and medium-molecular compounds is pumped into an intermediate tank with heating and a stirrer.

 The final purification of the fructose-glucose solution is carried out on ion-exchange columns containing cation exchange resin brand IR-120, and then anion exchange resin brand IRA-410.

 The process is conducted until at least 80% of reducing substances in the solids of the solution are contained in the solution to be cleaned.

After removing from it at the above stage of purification of free amino acids, vitamins, mineral impurities, the solution is sent to concentration, which is carried out in a vacuum evaporator of periodic action at a temperature of 70 ^o C to the content of 70% dry matter in fructose-glucose syrup.

 The resulting syrup canned sorbic acid to its content in the finished product of 0.03% and sent to the bottling.

 Ready syrup contains 70% solids, of which 80% are fructose and glucose.

 Energy value of 298 kcal per 100 g.

Claims (2)

1. A method for the production of fructose-glucose syrup from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, comprising crushing it into pulp, obtaining an inulin-containing solution, hydrolyzing the carbohydrate complex of the solution with phosphoric acid to form fructose and glucose, purifying the fructose-glucose solution and evaporating it to obtain a syrup, characterized in that the hydrolyzate is neutralized with milk of lime in an amount of 3-14 g / l and the precipitate of calcium phosphate formed during the neutralization process is removed from the solution by centrifugation, at cleaning m fructose-glucose solution is carried out by ultrafiltration on membranes with a pore size of 10-500

at a pressure of 0.1-1.6 MPa, a temperature of 20-100 ° C and a solution flow rate of not more than 10 m / s and then the filtrate is fed to cation exchange and anion exchange columns and the ion exchange process is carried out until the solution contains at least 80% reducing substances from the solids of the solution. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use a cation exchange resin brand Amberlit IR-120 or IRC-50 and anion exchange resin Amberlit IRA-410 or IRA-458.