RU2213307C2 - Water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water heating, particularly in boiling plants of centralized heating systems. SUBSTANCE: water boiler comprises heat-exchanging apparatus having radiator part, which is separated from convector part. Radiator part consists of right and left front shields, right and left side shields, top shield, back shield and bottom shield. Convective gas ducts are arranged behind side shields and separated from furnace by main transfer walls. Main draw-off gas ducts are arranged under convective gas ducts. Bottom shield and front shields form front-bottom surface made in form of L-shaped mounting unit. Other radiator part shields are separate members connected to each other. Shields are installed into areas having equal mean-logarithmic temperature difference between heating medium and heatable medium. Collector free ends are sealed by end caps. Partition blocks having round partitions are inserted into end caps. Round partitions are fixed to axle. Partitions diameter correspond to collector inner diameter. Peripheral slot is cut in each partition. Convector part includes left and right economizers. Each economizer has front and back collectors, which are cut into halves along tubes. Flat tube plates with tubes arranger in staggered pattern are connected to collector halves. Semi-round partitions are arranged into chamber which is defined by tube halve and tube plate. Semi-round end caps are welded into collector ends. Separate bypass gas ducts are disposed behind back shield from its sides. Bypass gas ducts are separated from furnace by additional transfer walls and joined with main gas ducts. Boiler has two main and additional explosive valves and closing fittings installed in flow direction. EFFECT: increased efficiency and extended working life. 6 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hot water boilers for boiler rooms of a centralized heating system and hot water supply, housing and communal services and administrative production facilities.

 Known steel sectional boiler HP-18 [1, 2], the heat exchange part of which is a design of two packages having the same number of sections, consisting of three vertically arranged pipes, welded to pipes of the same diameter at the top and bottom and, further, to collectors - large diameter pipes laid along the boiler from below and above. The inner row of pipe tubes facing the firebox, forming side (radiation) screens, is separated by a fireclay (brick) transshipment wall from two other rows, which are convective surfaces. The boiler is equipped with burner devices located from the front of the boiler (burner, nozzle) or in the hearth (burner). The lining is made of refractory and heat-insulating materials. The boiler is equipped with two chimneys to the right and left below under convective surfaces, a repair hole from the front above the burner devices or on the rear wall, an explosive (safety) valve of bursting or folding action, located in the ceiling part or on the back wall together with the repair hole. At the water (coolant) inlet to the boiler, before splitting into two streams entering the lower collectors of the packages, and exiting, after combining the two streams leaving the upper collectors, shutoff valves (two valves) are installed.

 The disadvantage of the described boiler design is its low efficiency - up to 83% [2] due to insufficient shielding of the furnace (front and rear screens are absent), longitudinal washing of convective pipes by flue gases and low speed of these gases in the convection duct, in which convective surfaces are located, and also due to the low speed of water through the pipes of the sections, which leads to intensive deposition of scale on the inner surface of the pipes. In addition, this design does not allow to repair convective surfaces at the installation site of the boiler during an emergency stop, and a large number of oblique pipe joints also complicates its manufacture.

 Also known steel boiler NIISTU-5 [1, 2]. Its heat exchange part consists of the following elements: two front and rear screens made of straight pipes of small diameter, welded to the upper and lower collectors - pipes of large diameter, L-shaped pipes of small diameter, forming two side and ceiling screens and introduced into the upper assembly the central collector is a large diameter pipe. On the back of the pipes of the side screens, ribs are welded, forming a convective gas duct and additional convective surfaces. The boiler is equipped with burner devices located from the front of the boiler (burner, nozzle) or in the hearth (burner). The lining is made of refractory and heat-insulating materials. The boiler is equipped with two chimneys to the right and left below under convective surfaces, a repair hole from the front, above the burner devices and on the rear wall, an explosive (safety) valve of bursting or folding action, located in the ceiling part or on the back wall together with the repair hole. At the water inlet to the boiler, before dividing into two streams when feeding onto convective surfaces, and leaving the central collector, one valve is installed.

 The disadvantage of the NIISTU-5 boiler is its relatively low efficiency - up to 85% [1], which is associated with the impossibility of ensuring the required water velocity in the pipes of radiation surfaces, and the insufficient development of convective surfaces.

 The fins of the side screens weakly impede the flow of flue gases with high temperature from the furnace to convective flues. In addition, this boiler can hardly be mounted in a sectional version, which makes it difficult to place it in most existing boiler rooms, and a significant number of finned tubes makes it impossible to perform high-quality repairs under operating conditions.

 Also known steel boiler ER-2.5r [1]. The heat exchange part of this boiler consists of a radiation part located in the furnace, and a convective part in the boiler flues connected to the radiation part, within the boiler, by-pass pipe. The radiation part is made of L-shaped small-diameter pipes that are mirrored in the furnace and connecting their lower two and one upper (prefabricated) manifolds - large-diameter pipes, which comprise two side and ceiling screens. The convective part (package) consists of a set of screens made of straight pipes of the same diameter as in the radiation part, and welded at the top and bottom into the collectors - pipes of a slightly smaller diameter than the collectors of the radiation part. The screens are interconnected by bypass pipes and are installed in the flues close to each other, as far as the diameters of the collectors and the possibility of welding the bypass pipes allow. Sequential (multi-way) water movement on the screens is organized by uniform installation in the collectors flat, round, under the inner diameter of the collector, partitions. The boiler is equipped with burner devices placed either from the front of the boiler (burner, nozzle), or in the hearth (burner). The boiler lining is made of refractory and heat-insulating materials, and to increase the speed of the flue gases one sequential (multi-way) gas duct is arranged in which the screens are located. The boiler has a repair hole above the burner on the front wall and an explosive valve in the ceiling. At the water inlet to the boiler, in front of the first screen of the convective package, and at the outlet after the prefabricated collector, one valve is installed.

 The disadvantage of the ER-2.5r boiler is its insufficiently high efficiency - up to 87% [1], which is caused by incomplete shielding of the boiler furnace and relatively low flue gas velocities in the convection beam. The convective bag has rather large dimensions with a relatively small heat transfer surface. The installation in the collectors of screens of dividing walls for the organization of the sequential movement of water does not allow to take into account the different nature of the thermal-hydraulic regime for lifting, lowering and horizontal flows. The convective part of this boiler, as discussed above, is subject to intense low-temperature corrosion at long-term low loads (off-season), characteristic of the operation of boiler houses of corresponding capacity.

 The closest analogue of the invention is the technical solution according to patent RU 2133406, F 22 В 21/00, 07/20/1999, which contains a heat exchange part made of pipes and consisting of a radiation part separated from the convection, which is a front, left and right structure, side and ceiling screens made of straight pipes welded between the inlet and outlet manifolds, into which the partitions are inserted, in the lining, from the two sides of the boiler, convective flues separated from the furnace are arranged behind the side screens main chamber by the main transshipment walls, and under convective flues - the main exhaust chimneys.

 The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low cost.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an economical (efficiency of more than 90%) steel hot water boiler with a heating capacity of up to 2 MW when burning gaseous and liquid fuels to produce hot water (coolant) with a temperature of up to 115 ^o C and a pressure of up to 0.6 MPa, operating as a natural draft , and with a smoke exhauster (depending on the load), for the manufacture of which traditional materials and simple technology would be used, installation would be carried out both in a fully assembled and in a sectional version, repairs at the installation site would be made it would be carried out quickly, with a high degree of accessibility to each element, and operation would be carried out both according to the usual hydraulic piping scheme, and according to the scheme eliminating low-temperature corrosion at long-term low loads (off-season, nature of heat consumption).

 The problem is solved using a boiler containing a heat exchange part made of steel pipes and consisting of a part separated from the convective radiation part, which is a structure of front, left and right, side and ceiling screens made of straight pipes welded between the input and output collectors, into which partitions are inserted, in the lining, from two sides of the boiler, convective flues are arranged behind the side screens, separated from the combustion chamber by the main transshipment shafts, and under convective flues - the main and exhaust chimneys, while in addition to the radiation part there is a front, rear and hearth screens, and, in addition, between the aforementioned and additionally installed front screens, one of which is left and the other right, is placed burner with a repair hole above it. The bottom screen forms with the front screens a front-bottom surface made in the form of a single L-shaped mounting unit with the possibility of dismantling it, located in two mutually perpendicular planes - horizontal and vertical, and the remaining screens of the radiation part are separate elements interconnected within the combustion chamber by welding the collectors at a right angle of the outlet to the inlet - next along the flow of the coolant. The tubes of the screens are welded between the collectors in one or two rows (staggered), the screens are installed in zones with the same average logarithmic temperature difference between the heating and the heated media, the free ends of the collectors are welded with plugs and septum units are inserted into them with rigidly fixed on the axis, round, under the inner the diameter of the collector, by the mentioned partitions, in each of which a groove is cut out on the periphery, oriented during installation depending on the location of the collector in the boiler, the convective part of the boiler includes left and right economizers placed on the sides of the boiler in convective flues and consisting of each of the front and rear collector-half pipes (cut in half along the pipes), to the cut part of which are flat tube sheets with tightly placed in a checkerboard pattern (more three longitudinal rows) by pipes (tube bundle), and semicircular dividing partitions are installed in the cavity formed by the inner surface of the half-pipe and the tube sheet, welded into the ends of these collectors round plugs, economizers are installed taking into account the horizontal arrangement of the tube bundle so that the flue gases moving vertically intersect the pipes at right angles, inside the boiler, outside the wiring, the economizers are connected by a transfer pipe to the left front screen, the upper collector of the right front screen is connected a transfer pipeline with a front collector of the ceiling screen, behind the rear screen from the sides in the lining there are separate bypass chimneys separated from the combustion chamber by an additional with additional transfer walls and connected to the main discharge chimneys within the boiler, in the upper part of the boiler lining, above the main and additional transfer walls, two main and additional, bursting or folding, explosive valves are mounted, in addition, along the coolant, within the hydraulic boiler piping, on the boiler feed pipe to the bottom of the rear economizer collectors, on the boiler exit pipe from the upper collector of the right side screen, on the transfer pipe in the outlet line from the upper part of the front economizer collectors, on the front screen supply pipe, on the transfer pipe connecting the upper collector of the right front screen to the front collector of the ceiling screen, on the supply pipe to the boiler to the upper collector of the left front screen, on the supply pipe to the boiler to the front to the collector of the ceiling screen, on the pipeline connecting the upper collector of the right side screen with an insert to the valve on the pipeline leaving the boiler, on the pipeline de, combining the rear collectors of the economizers with the insert after the valve on the pipeline exit from the boiler, one valve is installed.

 Figure 1 presents a General view (front) of the boiler, figure 2 - General view (side) of the boiler, figure 3 - General view (top) of the boiler, figure 4 - installation of partition units in one of boiler screens, figure 5 is a fragment of the economizer, figure 6 is a diagram of the hydraulic piping of the boiler with the installation of the main and additional shutoff valves.

 The heat exchange part of the boiler 1 (figure 1, 2, 3) consists of radiation 2 and convective 3 parts.

The radiation part 2 of the boiler includes the following heating surfaces (screens): front-hearth surface 4, ceiling screen 5, left side 6 and right side 7 screens, rear screen 8. All of these heating surfaces are separate elements consisting of each of the collectors - pipes with a diameter of 108-159 mm (depending on the heat output of the boiler) and welded between them with a pitch of (1,2-l, 3) d _l in one or two rows (staggered) of straight pipes 9 with a diameter of 57-76 mm (d _l )

 The front-hearth surface 4 is made in the form of a single L-shaped mounting unit located in two mutually perpendicular planes - horizontal and vertical, and consists of pipes 9 welded between the upper collector 10 of the left front screen 11 and part of the front collector 12 of the hearth screen 13, the front header 12 and the rear header 14 of the hearth screen 13, part of the front header 12 and the upper header 15 of the right front screen 16. The ceiling screen 5 consists of pipes 9 welded between the front header 17 and the rear manifold 18, and is welded at right angles to the output end of the front manifold 17 to the input of the upper collector 19 of the left side screen 6. The left side screen consists of pipes 9 welded between the upper manifold 19 and the lower manifold 20, and is welded at right angles to the output part the upper collector 19 to the end face of the upper collector 21 of the rear screen 8. The rear screen 8 consists of pipes 9 welded between the upper collector 21 and the lower collector 22, and is welded at right angles to the output end of the upper collector 21 to the input collector 23 of the right side screen 7. The right side screen 7 consists of pipes 9 welded between the upper collector 23 and the lower collector 24.

 In collectors 12, 14, 17-24, before welding the pipes 9, instead of separate partitions, septum assemblies 25 are inserted (Fig. 4), which are a construction of a set of the required number, appropriately spaced flat circular partitions 26 with a groove 27 cut in each on the periphery ( cutout not more than 5% of the partition area), rigidly fixed along the axis with the rod 28 of the required length and unidirectionally oriented by the grooves 27, and the partition nodes 25 themselves, when installed, are guided by the grooves 27 upwards for collectors 17, 18, 19, 21 and 23 and internal h - for collectors 12, 14, 20, 22 and 24. One end of the rod 28 is welded either to the plug 29 of one of the ends of the collectors 12, 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, or from the side of the “idle” end of the collectors 17 and 23, or to the inner cavity of the manifold pipe 21, and the other end to the extreme (or one and only) partition 26. The free ends of the collectors are welded with ordinary flat round caps 30.

 The screens of the radiation part 2 (Fig. 1) practically cover the entire surface of the combustion chamber 31, leaving a place in the middle of the front of the boiler for installing the burner (nozzle) 32 and the repair hole 33.

Convective part 3 includes left 34 and right 35 economizers mounted on the sides of the boiler. Each economizer consists of two collectors (Fig. 3) - front 36 and rear 37. Figure 5 shows the design of the economizer, where it is shown that the collectors 36 and 37 are made in the form of half pipes 38, cut in half along pipes with a diameter of 219-273 mm ( depending on the heat output of the boiler), to the cut part of which are welded flat tube sheets 39 with tightly staggered in increments of (1,3-l, 5) d ₂ between the rows, a large number (more than three longitudinal rows) of straight pipes 40 ( tube bundle) with a diameter of 28-32 mm (d ₂ ). Flat semicircular dividing walls 41 are welded into the cavity formed by the inner surface of the half pipe 38 and the tube sheet 39, and flat semicircular plugs 42 are welded to the ends of the collectors 36, 37 (Fig. 2). Economizers 34, 35 are installed in compliance with the horizontal arrangement of the tube bundle.

 The mounting unit of the heat exchange part of the boiler (Fig. 3) includes two nozzles 43 at the main coolant inlet to the boiler, welded into the lower parts of the rear collectors 37 of the economizers 34, 35 (Fig. 1), a collection and transfer pipe 44 connecting the upper parts of the front collectors 36 of economizers 34 and 35 with the upper collector 10 of the left front screen 11, a transfer pipe 45 (Fig. 2) connecting the upper collector 15 of the right front screen 16 with the front collector 17 of the ceiling screen 5, pipe 46 (Fig. 3) on mostly output coolant from the boiler, welded to the end of the upper collector 23 (figure 2) of the right side screen 7.

 The lining 47 (Fig. 1) of the boiler 1 can be performed both in ordinary (brick) and lightweight, using materials with high thermal characteristics, options. On the two sides, behind the left 6 and right 7 side shields, along the entire combustion chamber 31, the main transshipment walls, together with the side walls 50, are laid out from the refractory material to a certain height, respectively, left 48 and right 49 (Fig. 2) ) lining 47 convective flues 51 with economizers 34 and 35 located in them, under which the main chimneys 52 emerging from the boiler are located below. On the sides, behind the rear screen 8, two additional transshipment containers are laid out from the refractory material to a certain height NKI 53 forming the rear wall 54 separate bypass chimneys 55 are connected between the brickwork 47 of the boiler 52 to the main chimney.

 Four bursting or folding explosive valves are installed on the upper part of the lining 47: two main 56 - over the left 48 and right 49 main transshipment walls, two additional 57 - over additional transshipment walls 53.

 The scheme of the hydraulic piping of the boiler (Fig.6) includes both primary and secondary shutoff valves (gate valves) for general industrial use.

 The main shutoff valves are installed on the coolant: between the pipeline 58 of the entrance to the boiler and the pipe 59 of the supply to the rear manifold 37 of the left economizer 34 - valve 60; between the pipeline 58 of the entrance to the boiler and the pipe 61 of the supply to the rear manifold 37 of the right economizer 35 - valve 62; between the outlet pipe 63 from the upper collector 23 of the right side screen 7 and the boiler exit pipe 64 - a valve 65.

 Additional shutoff valves are installed: in the cut of the transfer pipe 44 and the forming pipe 66 from the front collector 36 of the left economizer 34 with a valve 67, pipe 68 from the front collector 36 of the right economizer 35 with a valve 69 and a collection pipe 70 connecting pipelines 66 and 68 through gate valves 67 and 69 with the upper collector 10 of the left front screen 11, in the cut of the transfer pipe 45 and forming the pipe 71 from the upper collector 15 of the right front screen 16 to the valve 72 and, further, the water supply 73 to the front manifold 17 of the ceiling screen 5; on the pipeline 74 connecting the pipe 58 of the coolant inlet to the boiler with the collection pipe 70, a valve 75, on the pipe 76 connecting the pipe 58 of the coolant inlet to the boiler with pipe 73, the valve 77, on the pipe 78 connecting the pipe 71 to the pipe 63, - a valve 79, on the pipeline 80 connecting the pipelines 59 and 61 with the pipeline 64, - the valve 81.

 It is possible to manufacture a water boiler in a design mirrored relative to the longitudinal axis.

 The design of the boiler provides for the usual equipment with burners (nozzles), automation, control valves, headsets, drainage and air pipes.

 To increase efficiency and ensure the necessary thermal-hydraulic regime, water is sequentially passed along heating surfaces, and inside each surface (economizer, screen), due to multi-way movement on each surface, which is ensured by the installation of dividing partitions and partition units in the collectors of these surfaces. Moreover, the partitions are placed in compliance with the required optimal average flow rates according to the condition of the temperature regime, depending on the nature of the movement of the coolant through the pipes 9 and 40: lowering, lifting or horizontal. And the upper or lower placement of the grooves 27 of the septum units 25 in the collectors contribute to better air removal and drainage of the screens during the start or stop of the boiler 1.

The operation of the hot water boiler, in addition to the fact that high-quality regulation of thermal power is performed, provides for four operating modes:
1. The main one is at rated load (aerodynamic drag of economizers allows natural draft work).

 2. Maximum - at maximum load (the developed heat-exchange surface of economizers allows this with a slight loss of efficiency).

 3. Minimum - at minimum load (allows you to keep the temperature of the flue gases above the dew point).

 4. Limited - on the permissible load during the temporary removal of convective surfaces (economizers) for repair.

 The main (longest-running) mode of operation of the boiler is as follows: the return network water (coolant) from the heat consumers through the boiler collector is fed to the inlet of the boiler 1 (Fig. 1), distributed through the pipeline 58 (Fig. 6) into two streams and through gate valves 60 and 62 through pipelines 59, 61 and nozzles 43 (FIGS. 2, 3) enter the input of economizers 34, 35 (FIG. 1), into the lower part of the rear headers 37, economizers pass through the pipes 40 into several (odd) horizontal moves organized by the partition walls 41, goes from the upper part of the front collectors 36, enters into pipelines 66 and 68 and through valves 67, 69, connecting in the pipeline 70, enters the collector 10 of the left front screen 11, passing it through pipes 9 in one lowering stroke, through the inlet part of the collector 12 is fed to the hearth screen 13, it passes through the pipes 9 in several (even) horizontal strokes organized by the partition nodes 25, and through the output part of the collector 12 it enters the right front screen 16, passes through the pipes 9 in one lifting stroke and exits through the collector 15 comes Bypassing the pipe 71, the valve 72, the pipe 73, into the input of the collector 17 of the ceiling screen 5, passes through the pipes 9 into several (even) horizontal strokes organized by the partition nodes 25, and exits through the output of the collector 17 to the input of the collector 19 left side screen 6, passes through pipes 9 into several (even) lifting and lowering passages organized by partitioning units 25, and exits through the output of the collector 19 to the input of the collector 21 of the rear screen 8, passes it through the pipes 9 in several (even s) of lifting and lowering strokes organized by the septum units 25 and exits through the outlet of the collector 21 to the input of the collector 23 of the right side screen 7, passing it through pipes 9 into several (even) lifting and lowering strokes organized by the septum units 25, and through the outlet of the collector 23 through the pipeline 63, bypassing the valve 65 and the pipeline 64, enters the collector of direct network water from the boiler room.

 In this mode, the valves 75, 77, 79 and 81 are closed.

 The combustion products (flue gases) from the combustion chamber 31, divided into two streams, cross the upper part of the pipes 9 of the left 6 and right 7 side shields, pass the space between the lining 47, in the upper part of which the main explosive valves 56 are installed, above the left 48 and the right 49 main transshipment walls, descend along convective flues 51, crossing at right angles of the pipe 40 left 34 and right 35 economizers and through the main chimneys 52 enter the chimneys of the boiler room. In this mode, the space above the additional transshipment walls 53 through the removed additional explosive valves 57 and the outlet of the bypass chimneys 55 is tightly closed (locked).

 The maximum operating mode of the boiler is carried out similarly to the main one, the only difference is that the flue gases after the boiler enter the exhaust fan, i.e. the boiler operates under vacuum (balanced draft). This mode can be performed during periods of the lowest outdoor temperatures.

 The minimum operating mode of the boiler can be carried out during periods of prolonged load limitation (off-season, nature of heat consumption) and occurs as follows: return network water (coolant) from heat consumers is supplied through the boiler inlet 1 to the boiler inlet 1 via pipe 58, through the valve 77 and pipe 76 enters the pipeline 73 and then to the inlet of the collector 17 of the ceiling screen 5, passes through the pipes 9 into several (even) horizontal passages organized by the partition nodes 25, and leaves cut the output part of the collector 17 into the input part of the collector 19 of the left side screen 6, passes it through pipes 9 into several (even) lifting and lowering strokes organized by the partition nodes 25, and exits through the output part of the collector 19 into the input part of the collector 21 of the rear screen 8 passes it through pipes 9 into several (even) lifting and lowering passages organized by partitioning units 25, and exits through the output part of the collector 21 to the input part of the collector 23 of the right side screen 7, passes it through pipes 9 into several (even) under the volume-lowering strokes organized by the partition nodes 25, and through the pipe 63, through the valve 79, the pipe 78 enters the pipe 71 and then, in the opposite direction to the main mode, enters the collector 15 of the right front screen 16, passes it through the pipes 9 in one the lowering stroke and is directed through the collector 12 to the hearth screen 13, passes through the pipes 9 into several (even) horizontal strokes organized by the partition nodes 25, and through the collector 12 enters the left front screen 11, passes through the pipes 9 in one lift the second stroke and enters the collector 10, where, having passed through the pipeline 70, it is divided into two flows and, bypassing the valves 67, 69, passes the pipelines 66, 68 and enters the upper part of the front collectors 36 of the economizers 34, 35, passes them through the pipes 40 into several (odd) horizontal strokes, organized by dividing partitions 41, and leaves the boiler through nozzles 43 in the lower part of the rear collectors 37 of economizers 34 and 35 into pipelines 59 and 60, then, having connected in pipeline 80, passes valve 81, enters the pipeline 63 and into the collector direct set Eva water from the boiler room.

 In this mode, the valves 60, 62, 65, 72, 75 are closed.

 The movement of combustion products through the boiler at minimum mode occurs similarly to the main mode of operation.

 The limited mode is carried out during the forced operation of the boiler during the necessary repair of one or two economizers at once, in this case, the operation occurs as follows: the return network water (coolant) from the heat consumers through the boiler collector is supplied to the inlet of the boiler 1 through pipeline 58, through a valve 75 enters the pipeline 70 and is sent to the collector 10 of the left front screen 11 and then, before exiting the boiler through the outlet of the collector 23 of the right side screen 7, the water moves ogichno main operation mode, and further, having pipes 63 and 64, valve 65, coolant flows into manifold line network water from the boiler.

 During this mode of operation, the valves 60, 62, 67, 69, 77, 79, 81 are closed.

 In a limited mode of operation, the combustion products from the combustion chamber 31, divided into two flows, cross the upper part of the pipes 9 of the rear screen 8, pass the freed space between the lining 47, in the upper part of which additional explosive valves 57 are installed, above the additional transshipment walls 53 and along the bypass chimneys 55, passing through the open end part of the main chimneys 52, enter the chimneys of the boiler room. In this operating mode, the space above the left 48 and right 49 main transshipment walls, through the removed main blast valves 56, and the part of the main chimneys 52 closest to the rear collectors 37 of the economizers 34 and 35 are tightly closed (locked).

 Equipping the assembly unit of the heat exchange part with a collection and transfer 44 and transfer 45 pipelines is intended for use in a hot water boiler of hearth burners, instead of those discussed above, located from the front. In this case, the front-hearth surface 4 is removed from the boiler 1, and the pipe 70 is connected to the valve 72 instead of the pipe 71, directing the coolant from the front collectors 36 of the economizers 34 and 35 to the input of the collector 17 of the ceiling screen 5, providing the main and maximum operating mode of the hot water heater the boiler, and the pipe 78 with the valve 79 is connected to the newly organized pipe 70, providing a minimum mode of operation. Pipeline 74 with valve 75 is also removed.

 Thus, the use of such a hot water boiler significantly increases the efficiency, significantly increases the service life, and executed in different sizes, it is applicable to almost all existing small and medium-sized central heating and hot water boiler houses when burning liquid and gaseous fuels.

Sources of information
1. Volikov A.N. Burning gas and liquid fuels in low power boilers. L .: Nedra, 1989.

 2. Poretsky L. Ya. Et al. Handbook of the operator of gasified boiler houses. L .: Nedra, 1988.

Claims (1)

 A water boiler containing a heat exchange part made of pipes and consisting of a radiation part separated from the convective part, which is a structure of frontal, left and right side and ceiling screens made of straight pipes welded between the inlet and outlet manifolds into which the partitions are inserted, in the wiring, from two sides of the boiler behind the side screens, convective flues are arranged, separated from the combustion chamber by the main transshipment walls, and under convective flues - the main ones leading chimneys, characterized in that the heat exchange part is made of steel pipes, while in addition to the radiation part there is a front, rear and hearth screens, while between the aforementioned and additionally installed front screens, one of which is left and the other right, there is a burner a device with a repair hole above it, and the hearth screen with front screens forms a front-hearth surface made in the form of a single L-shaped mounting unit with the possibility of dismantling it, located in two mutually perpendicular planes - horizontal and vertical, and the remaining screens of the radiation part are separate elements interconnected within the combustion chamber by welding the collectors at a right angle to the output to the input, next along the coolant, pipe tubes are welded between the collectors in one or two rows (staggered), screens are installed in zones with the same average logarithmic temperature difference between the heating and heated media, the free ends of the collectors are plugged and septum units are inserted into them with round partitions rigidly fixed on the axis, under the inner diameter of the collector, the said partitions, in each of which a groove is cut out on the periphery, oriented when installed depending on the location of the collector in the boiler, the convection part of the boiler includes the left and right economizers, placed on the sides of the boiler in convective flues and consisting of each of the front and rear collector-half pipes (cut in half along the pipes), to the cut part which are welded flat tube sheets with staggered (more than three longitudinal rows) pipes (tube bundle), and semicircular dividing partitions are installed in the cavity formed by the inner surface of the half pipe and tube sheet, semicircular plugs are welded into the ends of these collectors, economizers are installed taking into account the horizontal arrangement of the tube bundle so that the flue gases moving vertically intersect the pipes at right angles, save outside the wiring of the boiler The chambers are connected by a transfer pipe with a left front screen, the upper collector of the right front screen is connected by a transfer pipe with the front collector of the ceiling screen, behind the rear screen, separate bypass chimneys are arranged on the sides of the lining, separated from the combustion chamber by additional transfer walls and connected to the main exhaust chimneys within the boiler, in the upper part of the boiler lining above the main and additional transshipment walls, two main and additional integral, bursting or folding, explosive valves, in addition, along the coolant within the boiler hydraulic piping, on the supply pipe to the boiler to the lower part of the rear economizer collectors, on the outlet pipe from the boiler from the upper collector of the right side screen, on the transfer manifold exit from the upper part of the front economizer collectors, on the front screen supply pipe, on the transfer pipe connecting the upper collector of the right front screen with the front collector an olive screen, on the boiler feed pipe to the upper collector of the left front screen, on the boiler feed pipe to the front collector of the ceiling screen, on the pipe connecting the upper collector of the right side screen with a tie-in to the valve on the boiler exit pipe, on the pipe connecting the rear economizer collectors with a tie-in after the valve on the boiler exit pipe installed one valve each.

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