RU2270547C1 - Presowing seed treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, methods for promoting of farm crop germination, more particular, preparing of winter wheat seeds for sowing.

SUBSTANCE: method involves treating seeds by spraying aqueous solution of sodium humate having 0.03% concentration and beet pectin having 0.01-1% concentration. Said solution is sprayed at flow rate of 10 l/t.

EFFECT: increased germinating capacity and growth energy of seeds, and minimal costs for carrying out said method.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of stimulating the germination of seeds of agricultural crops, and can be used to prepare winter wheat seeds for sowing.

A known method of treating seeds to improve their growth and development using (TU 2387-011-42315284-98), including the preparation of an aqueous solution of sodium humate (humic acids, sodium salts) at a concentration of 0.3% and subsequent soaking of seeds in it for 3- 24 hours.

The disadvantage of this method is the low adaptability associated with the use of manual labor and excessive volumes of working solutions compared to the volume of soaked seeds.

In addition, the obtained seeds are not suitable for mechanized sowing, which does not allow using the known method for processing, for example, grain crops.

The objective of the invention is the creation of an effective technology for pre-treatment of seeds, which allows to increase productivity.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to reduce processing time and increase the sowing quality of seeds.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of pre-sowing treatment of seeds, mainly winter wheat, with an aqueous solution of sodium humate with concentrations of 0.03%, the solution additionally contains beet pectin at a concentration of 0.01-1%, and the treatment is carried out by spraying with a consumption rate of 10 l / t

In the proposed method, the introduction of pectin into an aqueous solution allows to replace the operation of soaking the solution by spraying. Studies have found that when treating winter wheat seeds with an aqueous solution of sodium humate at a concentration of 0.03% and beet pectin at a concentration of 0.01-1%, laboratory germination, germination energy, and biometric parameters of seeds are improved.

When the concentration of beet beet pectin is less than 0.01%, the effect of its presence in the solution is not observed, and at a concentration of more than 1%, a negative effect of the solution is noted.

To implement the method, an aqueous solution is prepared with a concentration of sodium humate - 0.03%, beet pectin - 0.01-1%. Then, prepared aqueous solutions with sodium humate at a concentration of 0.03% and various concentrations of beet pectin are sprayed onto seeds with a solution flow rate of 10 t / l.

Examples of the method.

For processing winter wheat seeds, aqueous solutions were prepared with sodium humate at a concentration of 0.03% and various concentrations of beet pectin. For this, dry mixtures of sodium humate and alcohol-precipitated pectin were used, in which pectin accounted for 0.3-33.3 parts, respectively, per one part of sodium humate, which corresponded to pectin concentration, respectively, 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1%.

The solutions were sprayed onto the seeds with continuous mixing (for uniform processing) in a PS-10A self-propelled seed dresser with a mixture flow rate of 10 l per 1 ton at a capacity of 20 t / h and a solution feed rate of 0.5-4 l / min.

During processing, the seeds do not lose their flowability. This allows them to be used in production methods of sowing immediately after processing.

To assess the sowing qualities of the treated seeds, they were germinated in plastic standard germinators in the dark, 100 pcs. seeds of 4-fold repetition. The bed is pre-sterilized white filter paper in 3 layers. Germination temperature 20 ° C.

The control was seeds previously soaked and aged in an aqueous solution of sodium humate with a concentration of 0.03%.

Germination energy was determined after 3 days, germination - after 7 days.

The test results are shown in tables 1-3.

Table 1 The concentration of pectin in an aqueous solution of sodium humate with a concentration of 0.03% Germination energy,% Laboratory germination,% - 82 92 0.01% 90 95 0.1% 97 98 0.5% 87 96 one% 88 96 table 2 The concentration of pectin in an aqueous solution of sodium humate with a concentration of 0.03% 3 days 7 days sprout length spine length sprout length The number of roots cm difference cm cm difference cm cm difference cm PC difference cm - 0.489 - 1,278 - 8,106 - 8,307 - 0.01% 0.591 +0.102 2,087 +0,809 9,125 +1,019 10,787 +2.48 0.1% 0.721 +0.232 2,258 +0.98 9,847 +1,741 11,859 +3,552 0.5% 0.58 +0.091 2,032 +0.754 8,782 +0.676 10,479 +2,172 one% 0.57 +0.081 2,021 +0.743 9,212 +1.106 10,714 + 2.407 NDS _0.05 = 0.08 HCP _0.05 = 0.26 NDS _0.05 = 0.77 HCP _0.05 = 0.89 Table 3 Processing option The flow rate of an aqueous solution of liters / ton Processing time 1 ton of seeds, hour Prototype 2000 24 The claimed method 10 0.05

The proposed method allows to obtain seeds with increased germination and energy of germination, with minimal production costs.

Claims (1)

The method of presowing treatment of seeds, mainly winter wheat, with an aqueous solution of sodium humate with a concentration of 0.03%, characterized in that the solution additionally contains beet pectin at a concentration of 0.01-1%, and the processing is carried out by spraying with a consumption rate of 10 l / t