RU2014128623A - Катализированный блок-носитель - Google Patents
Катализированный блок-носитель Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- RU2014128623A RU2014128623A RU2014128623A RU2014128623A RU2014128623A RU 2014128623 A RU2014128623 A RU 2014128623A RU 2014128623 A RU2014128623 A RU 2014128623A RU 2014128623 A RU2014128623 A RU 2014128623A RU 2014128623 A RU2014128623 A RU 2014128623A
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- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- porous oxide
- carrier
- block
- catalyzed
- oxide coating
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 45
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 45
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 17
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 cerium (IV) oxide titanium (IV) oxide Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- B01J2229/10—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained
- B01J2229/18—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself
- B01J2229/186—After treatment, characterised by the effect to be obtained to introduce other elements into or onto the molecular sieve itself not in framework positions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2229/00—Aspects of molecular sieve catalysts not covered by B01J29/00
- B01J2229/30—After treatment, characterised by the means used
- B01J2229/42—Addition of matrix or binder particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
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Abstract
1. Катализированный блок-носитель для использования в очистке выхлопного газа, выбрасываемого из двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедной топливной смеси, содержащий первое покрытие из пористого оксида и второе покрытие из пористого оксида, причем первое покрытие из пористого оксида содержит каталитический состав, содержащий по меньшей мере один металл платиновой группы (PGM) и по меньшей мере один материал-подложку для упомянутого по меньшей мере одного PGM, причем по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида склонен к испарению, когда первое покрытие из пористого оксида подвергается относительно экстремальным условиям, включая относительно высокие температуры, причем второе покрытие из пористого оксида содержит по меньшей мере один оксид металла для захвата испарившегося PGM, и причем второе покрытие из пористого оксида ориентировано на контактирование с выхлопным газом, который уже контактировал с первым покрытием из пористого оксида.2. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1, в котором по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида содержит платину.3. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1 или 2, в котором по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида содержит и платину, и палладий.4. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1, в котором весовое соотношение Pt:Pd составляет ≤2.5. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором по меньшей мере один оксид металла второго покрытия из пористого оксида содержит оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из необязательно стабилизированного оксида алюминия, аморфного алюмосиликата, необязательно стабилизированного оксида циркония(IV), ок
Claims (23)
1. Катализированный блок-носитель для использования в очистке выхлопного газа, выбрасываемого из двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедной топливной смеси, содержащий первое покрытие из пористого оксида и второе покрытие из пористого оксида, причем первое покрытие из пористого оксида содержит каталитический состав, содержащий по меньшей мере один металл платиновой группы (PGM) и по меньшей мере один материал-подложку для упомянутого по меньшей мере одного PGM, причем по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида склонен к испарению, когда первое покрытие из пористого оксида подвергается относительно экстремальным условиям, включая относительно высокие температуры, причем второе покрытие из пористого оксида содержит по меньшей мере один оксид металла для захвата испарившегося PGM, и причем второе покрытие из пористого оксида ориентировано на контактирование с выхлопным газом, который уже контактировал с первым покрытием из пористого оксида.
2. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1, в котором по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида содержит платину.
3. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1 или 2, в котором по меньшей мере один PGM в первом покрытии из пористого оксида содержит и платину, и палладий.
4. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 1, в котором весовое соотношение Pt:Pd составляет ≤2.
5. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором по меньшей мере один оксид металла второго покрытия из пористого оксида содержит оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из необязательно стабилизированного оксида алюминия, аморфного алюмосиликата, необязательно стабилизированного оксида циркония(IV), оксида церия(IV), оксида титана(IV), необязательно стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей любых двух или более из них.
6. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором второе покрытие из пористого оксида содержит каталитический состав, содержащий по меньшей мере один металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из палладия, серебра, золота и комбинаций любых двух или более из них, причем по меньшей мере один оксид металла несет по меньшей мере один металл.
7. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором второе покрытие из пористого оксида содержит платину и палладий, и причем весовое соотношение Pt:Pd во втором покрытии из пористого оксида ниже, чем весовое соотношение Pt:Pd в первом покрытии из пористого оксида.
8. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором первое покрытие из пористого оксида расположено в первой зоне покрытия из пористого оксида блока-носителя, а второе покрытие из пористого оксида расположено во второй зоне покрытия из пористого оксида блока-носителя, причем по существу отсутствует перекрывание между первой зоной покрытия из пористого оксида и второй зоной покрытия из пористого оксида.
9. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором второе покрытие из пористого оксида расположено на слой выше первого покрытия из пористого оксида.
10. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором блок-носитель - это сквозной для потока блок-носитель.
11. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором блок-носитель - это фильтрующий блок-носитель, имеющий входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, причем входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
12. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 11, в котором фильтрующий блок-носитель является фильтром типа "wall-flow".
13. Катализированный блок-носитель по п. 11, в котором первое покрытие из пористого оксида расположено в первой зоне покрытия из пористого оксида блока-носителя, а второе покрытие из пористого оксида расположено во второй зоне покрытия из пористого оксида блока-носителя, причем, по существу, отсутствует перекрывание между первой зоной покрытия из пористого оксида и второй зоной покрытия из пористого оксида, и причем первая зона покрытия из пористого оксида содержит входные поверхности фильтрующего блока-носителя, и вторая зона покрытия из пористого оксида содержит выходные поверхности фильтрующего блока-носителя, причем пористая структура образует переход между первой зоной покрытия из пористого оксида и второй зоной покрытия из пористого оксида.
14. Катализированный блок-носитель по любому из пп. 1, 2 или 4, в котором по меньшей мере первое покрытие из пористого оксида содержит окислительный катализатор или катализатор адсорбера NOx.
15. Выхлопная система для двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедной топливной смеси, которая содержит первый катализированный блок-носитель согласно любому из предшествующих пунктов формулы изобретения.
16. Выхлопная система по п. 15, содержащая второй катализированный блок-носитель, содержащий катализатор селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR), причем второй катализированный блок-носитель расположен ниже по потоку от первого катализированного блока-носителя.
17. Выхлопная система по п. 16, содержащая инжектор для впрыскивания азотсодержащего восстановителя в выхлопной газ между первым катализированным блоком-носителем и вторым катализированным блоком-носителем.
18. Выхлопная система по п. 15, 16 или 17, в которой первый катализированный блок-носитель является фильтрующим блоком-носителем согласно п. 11, 12 или 13, содержащая третий катализированный блок-носитель, причем третий катализированный блок-носитель является сквозным для потока блоком-носителем, содержащим окислительный катализатор или катализатор абсорбера ΝΟх, причем третий катализированный блок-носитель расположен выше по потоку от первого катализированного блока-носителя.
19. Выхлопная система по п. 15, 16 или 17, содержащая третий блок-носитель, причем третий блок-носитель является фильтрующим блоком-носителем, причем третий блок-носитель расположен ниже по потоку от второго катализированного блока-носителя.
20. Выхлопная система по п. 19, в которой третий блок-носитель содержит окислительный катализатор.
21. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедной топливной смеси, в частности, для транспортного средства, содержащего выхлопную систему по любому из пп. 15-20.
22. Транспортное средство, содержащее двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедной топливной смеси, по п. 21.
23. Способ уменьшения или предотвращения катализатора селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR) в выхлопной системе двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедной топливной смеси, от загрязнения металлом платиновой группы (PGM), который может испариться из каталитического состава, содержащего по меньшей мере один PGM, несомый на по меньшей мере одном материале-подложке и расположенный на блоке-носителе выше по потоку от катализатора SCR, когда каталитический состав, содержащий PGM, подвергается относительно экстремальным условиям, включая относительно высокие температуры, причем способ содержит захват испарившегося PGM в покрытии из пористого оксида, содержащем по меньшей мере один оксид металла, который расположен на том же блоке-носителе, что и каталитический состав, содержащий PGM.
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- 2012-12-11 CN CN201610823299.XA patent/CN106423260B/zh active Active
- 2012-12-11 WO PCT/GB2012/053090 patent/WO2013088133A1/en unknown
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