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KR800001348B1 - Bearing lining method - Google Patents

Bearing lining method Download PDF

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Publication number
KR800001348B1
KR800001348B1 KR7902761A KR790002761A KR800001348B1 KR 800001348 B1 KR800001348 B1 KR 800001348B1 KR 7902761 A KR7902761 A KR 7902761A KR 790002761 A KR790002761 A KR 790002761A KR 800001348 B1 KR800001348 B1 KR 800001348B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
back metal
metal
copper alloy
bearing
lining
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KR7902761A
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Korean (ko)
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이윤창
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이윤창
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D15/00Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

This invention relates to the lining method of copper alloy in the back metal(1) of bearing by casting. The back metal preheats up to the temperature of 1150≰C in the reducing atmosphere and then is poured the molten metal(4) of Cu-alloy. The special cooling water is sprayed to the outer cover of the back metal in order to form the dentritic organization in the Cu-alloy.

Description

베어링의 라이닝 방법Lining method of bearing

도면은 본 발명의 한 실시태양을 나타내는 예시도이다.The figure is an exemplary view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명은 베어링의 백메탈(Back metal)인 대강에 동합금을 라이닝하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method of lining a copper alloy roughly on the back metal of a bearing.

종래에는 베어링의 백메탈에 축수합금을 라이닝(lining)함에 있어서는 일반적으로 화이트 메탈(whitemetal)은 연속 주조법으로 성형하고, 알미늄 합금은 연속 클레딩(clading)에 의하며, 동연합금에서는 연속소결법이 주로 사용되어 왔다.Conventionally, in lining bearing metal on bearing back metal, white metal is generally formed by continuous casting method, and aluminum alloy is formed by continuous cladding. In copper alloy, continuous sintering is mainly used. Has been.

그러나 동합금의 연속 소결법은 백메탈인 대강에 동합금 분말을 라이닝하여 연속 소결한 후 압연에 의하여 다공질 조직을 없애는 것이었으나, 이는 백메탈이 두꺼운 대형베어링의 제조에는 적합하지 못한 것이었고, 라이닝 재료를 원심주조법에 의하여 성형하는 것에 있어서는 동합금의 주성분인 동과 연의 비중차로 인한 분리현상이 발생하여 이상적인 성분조성을 얻을 수 없는 것이었다.However, the continuous sintering method of copper alloy was to remove the porous structure by rolling after continuous sintering by sintering copper alloy powder in roughly the back metal, which was not suitable for manufacturing large bearings with thick back metal, and the lining material was centrifuged. In molding by the casting method, separation phenomena occurred due to the difference in specific gravity between copper and lead, which are the main components of the copper alloy, and thus the ideal composition could not be obtained.

본 발명은 특히 백메탈에 동합금을 주착하여 라이닝함에 있어서 백메탈의 특수한 냉각방식으로 라이닝 재료인 동합금이 베어링으로서는 가장 이상적인 수상조직이 형성되도록 하기 위한 것으로서 본 발명을 제조공정 예에 따라 상술하면 다음과 같다.In particular, the present invention is to ensure that the copper alloy, the lining material of the lining material is the most ideal water-based structure is formed by a special cooling method of the back metal in the lining by depositing the copper alloy on the back metal. same.

제1공정1st process

동과 연을 75:24 또는 72:25의 비율로 하여 기타 첨가물과 함께 고조파 용해로에 투입하고 섭씨 1175도 이상의 온도로 유지하여 교반하면서 균일하게 용융된 동, 연합금의 용량을 별도의 환원성 분위기의 예열로에서 섭씨 1,150도 정도로 가열한 백메탈에 주착되도록 주입한다.Copper and lead are added to the harmonic furnace with other additives in a ratio of 75:24 or 72:25 and maintained at a temperature of 1175 degrees Celsius or higher to uniformly melt the volume of copper and alloy in a separate reducing atmosphere. Inject it to adhere to the back metal heated to 1,150 degrees Celsius in the preheater.

제2공정2nd process

주형내에 용탕을 주입 완료한 즉시 또는 용량이 주형에 주입 진행중에 도면에 나타낸 바와같이 주형을 냉각조내로 서서히 이동시켜 용탕이 먼저 주입된 하측부로 부터 상측부로 향하여 냉각수(예:乳狀)를 백메탈 외주위에 분사시키므로서 일반 냉각수로 분사냉각시킬 때 발생하는 수증기에 의한 상층부의 서냉을 방지하게 되므로 용량이 외피로부터 서서히 내피로 완전히 냉각 고화되도록 급냉시킨다.As soon as the injection of molten metal into the mold is completed or the volume is being injected into the mold, the mold is slowly moved into the cooling bath as shown in the drawing, and the cooling water (eg, 乳狀) is transferred from the lower side into which the molten metal is first injected to the upper side. By spraying on the outer circumference to prevent slow cooling of the upper layer by water vapor generated when spray cooling with general cooling water, the capacity is quenched so that the capacity is completely cooled and solidified gradually from the outer skin to the inner skin.

제3공정3rd process

성형된 주조물은 고정가공과 절삭가공을 걸쳐 베어링으로 완성된다.The molded castings are finished into bearings throughout the fixed and cutting process.

이와같은 방법으로 제조되는 본 발명의 라이닝은 동합금의 용탕이 미리 예열된 백메탈 내면에 주입됨과 동시에 백메탈의 외표면에 냉각수가 분사되는 것이므로 동합금의 용탕은 백메탈에 접촉된 벽면으로부터 냉각이 시작되고 원통면과 수직으로 내부를 향하여 냉각이 진행되는 것이어서, 고화(固化)가 진행되는 동안 구리(Cu)의 결정조직 방향이 백메탈의 벽면과 수직방향으로 배열 고화되고 그 결정줄기를 따라 나무가지 모양으로 결정이 발달된 다음 주위 공간부를 나무잎 모양으로 납(Pb)이 찾이 하게 되어 납의 편석(偏析)을 방지하고 베어링으로서는 가장 이상적인 수상조직(樹脂組織)을 형성하게 되는 것이다.The lining of the present invention prepared in this way is that the molten copper is injected into the inner surface of the pre-heated back metal and the cooling water is injected to the outer surface of the back metal, so the molten copper alloy starts cooling from the wall surface in contact with the back metal And cooling proceeds inwardly perpendicular to the cylindrical surface. During solidification, the direction of the grain structure of copper (Cu) is solidified in a direction perpendicular to the wall surface of the back metal and the branches along the crystal stem. After the crystal is developed in the shape of lead, Pb finds the surrounding space in the shape of a tree leaf to prevent segregation of lead and forms the ideal water structure as a bearing.

이와같이 하여 완성된 베어링의 내하중 용량을 종래의 것과 비교하면 다음과 같다.Thus, the load-bearing capacity of the completed bearing is compared with the conventional one as follows.

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

[실시예]EXAMPLE

도면에 나타낸 바와같이 외경 200mm, 두께 12mm의 강광(1) 내부에 주조공간(2)을 두고 코어(3)을 입설하여 주형을 형성한 후에 이를 50%의 염산으로 세척하여 포화상태의 붕산으로 처리한 후 주조공간(2)에 붕사를 충전하여 산화방지 처리를 하고 백메탈을 예열로에 넣어 1,150℃로 가열하는 한편 라이닝 재료로서 구리 75%, 납 24%, 주석 1%를 고주파 용해로에 투입하여 1,150℃의 온도로 가열하고, 고주파의 교반작용에 의하여 균일하게 교반된 동합금 용탕을 얻은 후, 용탕(4)을 1,150℃로 가열된 백메탈와 코아와의 공간에 용탕을 주입한다.As shown in the drawing, a casting space 2 is placed inside the thickened steel 1 having an outer diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 12 mm, and a core 3 is placed therein to form a mold, which is then washed with 50% hydrochloric acid and treated with saturated boric acid. After filling borax in the casting space (2) to prevent oxidation, the back metal was put in a preheating furnace and heated to 1,150 ℃, while 75% copper, 24% lead, and 1% tin as a lining material were added to the high frequency melting furnace. After heating to the temperature of 1,150 degreeC and obtaining the copper alloy molten metal uniformly stirred by the high frequency stirring action, the molten metal 4 is inject | poured into the space of the back metal heated to 1,150 degreeC and core.

일단 용탕(4)이 주입되고 회전반(5)위에 재치된 주형의 하부로 부터 측면에 다수의 분사공(6′)이 천공된 냉각조(6)를 상승시키면서 벨브를 열어 분사공(6′)으로 부터 냉각수를 분사시키고 백메탈(1)의 외주면을 하측부로 부터 상측부로 향하면서 급냉시키면 용탕(4)은 백메탈(1)에 접한 외면으로 부터 냉각되기 시작하고, 백메탈(1)의 주벽과 수직방향으로 내부를 항하여 냉각이 진행된다.Once the molten metal 4 is injected, the valve is opened while raising the cooling tank 6 in which a plurality of injection holes 6 'are drilled on the side from the bottom of the mold placed on the turntable 5, and the injection hole 6' is opened. When the cooling water is injected from the back metal and quenched while the outer circumferential surface of the back metal 1 is directed from the lower side to the upper side, the molten metal 4 starts to cool from the outer surface in contact with the back metal 1, Cooling proceeds in the direction perpendicular to the main wall.

용탕(4)의 냉각고화가 완료된 후 코아(3)를 제거하고 교정가공과 절삭가공을 거쳐 소정의 두께 5mm로 라이닝 된 베어링을 완성한다.After the cooling solidification of the molten metal 4 is completed, the core 3 is removed, and a bearing lined to a predetermined thickness of 5 mm is completed through calibration and cutting.

Claims (1)

본문에 상술한 바와같은 베어링을 백메탈에 주조에 의하여 동합금을 라이닝함에 있어서, 백메탈을 섭씨 1,150도 정도로 환원성분위기에서 예열처리하여 용융된 동합금 용탕을 주입하고, 백메탈의 외표면에, 하부로부터 상부로 향하여 특수한 냉각수를 백메탈을 서서히 이동시키면서 분사하므로서 냉각이 외피에서 부터 내축으로 향하여 수상조직이 진행되도록 급냉시켜 동합금에 수상조직이 형성되게 함을 특징으로 하는 베어링의 라이닝 방법.In lining the copper alloy by casting the bearing as described above in the back metal, the pre-heating of the back metal is carried out in a reducing atmosphere at about 1,150 degrees Celsius to inject molten copper alloy molten metal, and from the bottom surface to the outer surface of the back metal. A method of lining bearings characterized in that the cooling water is quenched so that the aqueous phase progresses from the outer shell to the inner axis by spraying a special cooling water toward the upper portion while slowly moving the back metal.
KR7902761A 1979-08-14 1979-08-14 Bearing lining method KR800001348B1 (en)

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