KR20190107134A - Knitted fabric and manufacturing method and apparatus for manufacturing the knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a knitted fabric and a manufacturing method and apparatus for manufacturing such knitted fabric, wherein a spinning yarn in the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus is supplied to a stretching unit and a spinning nozzle apparatus having at least two stretching roller pairs, The yarn of the spun yarn drawn by the drawing roller pair, wherein the at least one inlet roller pair and the at least one outlet roller pair of the drawing unit are softened by varying the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair. Driven in a controlled manner in accordance with the pattern of the knitted fabric formed on the knitting machine, the thickness being varied over its length, the soft spinning yarn supplied to the spinning nozzle device, the soft spinning yarn being the action of compressed air Reinforced by a spinning nozzle device, the drawn and reinforced roving is then It is supplied to the penis. According to the manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the yarn feed speed to the knitting machine of the softened and reinforced spinning yarn is controlled by the knitting machine by controlling the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair of the stretching unit. It is set depending on the size of the shift.

Description

Knitted fabric and manufacturing method and apparatus for manufacturing the knitted fabric

The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a knitted fabric, in which a spinning yarn-shaped sliver of an unreinforced fiber bundle has a drawing unit and a yarn feeding direction having at least two pairs of stretching rollers continuously arranged in a yarn feeding direction. Supplied to a roving mill and reinforcing unit including a spinning nozzle device arranged downstream of the stretching unit, and drawn by the at least two stretching roller pairs, and at least one inlet roller pair of the stretching unit. And the outlet roller pair is controllable in accordance with the pattern of the knitted fabric formed on the knitting machine in such a manner that the yarn thickness of the soft spun yarn changed by varying the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair varies over its length. Driven, the soft spun yarn exiting the stretching unit is supplied to the spinning nozzle device, and is spun by applying compressed air. Reinforced by a nozzle arrangement, the drawn, reinforced roving then relates to a method of making a knitted fabric fed to the knitting machine either directly or by using at least one conveying or clamping means. .

The present invention also relates to a knitting fabric manufacturing apparatus, wherein the knitting fabric manufacturing apparatus includes at least one knitting machine and at least one roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit provided upstream of the knitting machine in a thread conveying direction, wherein the roving yarn softening And the reinforcing unit includes at least one stretching unit having at least two pairs of stretching rollers continuously arranged in the yarn conveying direction and at least one spinning nozzle device arranged downstream of the stretching unit in the yarn conveying direction; At least one driven roller of the pair of inlet rollers of the unit and at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair of the stretching unit are coupled with at least one drive, which drive pattern of the knitting machine. A knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus coupled to a controller.

The present invention also relates to a knitted fabric formed of a softened and reinforced rovingspun yarn whose yarn thickness varies according to its length, wherein the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced rovingspun yarn is formed depending on the pattern of the knitted fabric.

Document DE 10 2011 053 396 discloses a device and a method for manufacturing a knitted fabric, wherein a knitting machine comprises a drawing unit comprising a drawing unit for softening the spinning yarn and a spinning nozzle device for temporarily reinforcing the soft spinning yarn. Directly coupled to the spinning softening and reinforcing unit, the length of the fiber reinforcing segment after the spinning nozzle arrangement is defined by a clamping roller pair. Thereby, the softened and reinforced spinning yarn is fed directly from the roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit to the knitting machine across the long segment suitable for industrial applications. Thereby, a particularly soft and voluminous knitted fabric can be produced advantageously.

In addition, although yarns having various yarn thicknesses are known from the prior art, the yarn thickness of these so-called knob yarns only changes in relation to the appearance of the knitted fabric made from this yarn. Thereby, the knob may comprise thickenings called so-called knobs at regular or irregular distances. Threads with knobs that vary in length and with distance from each other are particularly used in the manufacture of knitted fabrics that are expected to give the impression of being hand-knitted.

Document DE 1 910 034 A describes a method and apparatus for manufacturing a yarn having a randomly varying thread thickness, where a random change in the thread thickness of the base thread is derived and the thickness of the knob produced and The length varies randomly at the same time. For this purpose, the device described in document DE 1 910 034 A comprises a controllable drive device operating at variable rotational speeds. During normal operation, the drive unit is connected with the rear stretching unit set to drive the rear stretching unit set completely independent of the front stretching unit set assigned to the rear stretching unit set, and the front stretching unit set is far from the rear stretching unit. Are provided off. Thus, the supply of the strand of textile material to the stretching zone extending between the sets of stretching devices can be adjusted completely independent of the speed at which the soft spun yarn is delivered by the set of forward stretching devices. To produce a thick portion of the nod, a randomly varying signal is generated according to this method, which causes the operating speed of the rear stretching device set to be controlled completely independently of the operating speed of the front stretching device set. Although it is emphasized in document DE 1 910 034 A that the change in yarn thickness does not produce a repetitive pattern in the yarn produced, it is also mentioned that there are cases where it is desirable to program the change in yarn thickness in advance according to the determinable pattern.

The method described in document DE 1 910 034 A and the apparatus described therein are used only for producing yarns with varying yarn thicknesses and then processed for the production of textiles such as fabrics.

In document WO 2016/091521 A1, a combination of a spinning device and a knitting machine is used, in which fiber slivers or yarns of varying thickness can be made from spinning yarns into spinning devices, and the stitch forming elements of the knitting machine elements can be supplied. To this end, at least two roller pairs of the stretching unit of the spinning device comprise self-drive units which can be controlled independently of one another, whereby the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair of the stretching unit can be varied or Or a friction spinning device having one or more feed rolls is provided on the machine, the speed of the feed rolls being controlled in relation to a draw-off roller. With the known apparatus and known methods, knitted fabrics having a pattern can be produced, which are produced by the formation of circular rings having different slivers or yarn thicknesses, wherein the pattern is in the course direction and / or of the fiber slivers or yarns. It is formed by the thickness change in the wale direction.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method, apparatus and knitted fabric having higher variability in the formation of a pattern and at the same time having optimized material use.

On the one hand the object is that the actual feed speed to the knitting machine of the softened and reinforced spinning yarn by controlling the rotational speed of at least one roller of the outlet roller pair of the stretching unit depends on the size of the stitch to be knitted by the knitting machine. It is solved by the above mentioned type of method which is set.

Advantageously, the use of materials in the production of knitted fabrics can be optimized by processing soft and stiffened rovings, whose thickness varies. In the method according to the invention, for this purpose, the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn exiting the roving and softening and reinforcing units is changed by the roving and softening and reinforcing units coupled with the knitting machine according to the pattern knitted by the knitting machine. do.

In order to produce a softened and reinforced spinning yarn having a varying thickness, an unreinforced fiber bundle type sliver is supplied to the stretching unit of the spinning spinning mill and the reinforcing unit, so that at least the stretching units continuously arranged in the yarn feed direction. It is softened by two pairs of stretching rollers and reinforced by a spinneret device which is provided next to the stretching unit in the yarn conveying direction. In order to reinforce the rough spinning yarn softened in the stretching unit, compressed air is applied to the rough spinning yarn softened by the spinning nozzle device. The reinforcing segment can be closed, for example, by a pair of gripping rollers connected to the spinning nozzle device in the yarn conveying direction, so that the softened and reinforced spun yarn of varying thickness is later in the yarn conveying direction from the roving softening and reinforcing unit. It can be easily transported over long distances directly to the arranged knitting machine.

In order to vary the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn produced in the roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit, at least one pair of inlet rollers, that is, the first drawing roller pair of the drawing unit in the thread conveying direction, and one outlet roller pair, In other words, the last pair of stretching rollers of the stretching unit in the yarn feed direction is driven in a controllable manner according to the pattern of the knitted fabric formed on the knitting machine. Thereby, the control is made in such a way that the yarn thickness of the soft spun yarn produced by the stretching unit changes over its length by varying the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair. By varying the relative speeds between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair, the yarn thickness of the softened rovings can vary along its length with the pattern.

To this end, the rotational speed of the pair of inlet rollers controlled so that more or less slivers are supplied to the stretching unit, depending on the set rotational speed, is preferably changed. The rotational speed of the outlet roller pair can for example be kept constant at the same time. However, in alternative embodiments, the rotational speed of the outlet roller pair may also vary with respect to the unchanging speed of the inlet roller pair, depending on the pattern being knitted. In addition, both the inlet and outlet roller pairs can be controlled to be controlled by the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair so that the yarn thickness of the soft spun yarn exiting the stretching unit can be adjusted to the knitted pattern. The rotational speed of the controlled inlet roller pair can be varied to suit the pattern.

As the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of the inlet roller pair increases relative to the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair, the seal thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn produced is increased. In contrast, the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn produced decreases as the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of the inlet roller pair decreases relative to the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair.

Advantageously, only one roller of each draw roller pair is driven and by pressing against the driven roller each second roller moves in the opposite direction. However, in alternative embodiments of the present invention, both rollers of the drawing roller pair may be driven.

In an alternative variant of the method according to the invention, the sliver supplied to the stretching unit may also be softened by more than two, for example three or four stretching roller pairs.

It is preferable that the spinning nozzle of the spinning nozzle device automatically conveys the twisted spinning yarn in the yarn feed direction, and the spinning nozzle apparatus is opposed to the twisting spinning yarn which is operated by pneumatic operation and escapes the stretching unit. It is preferred to include at least two spinning nozzles for applying compressed air having a direction of rotation.

It is also preferred that at least one gripping roller of the gripping roller pair arranged downstream of the spinning nozzle arrangement in the yarn conveying direction is driven, wherein, according to an embodiment of the method according to the invention, Rotational speed can be varied herein, for example, depending on the pattern being knitted. By guiding the softened and reinforced spinning yarn through the gripping roller pair, the reinforcing segment of the spinning nozzle apparatus can be limited, whereby the softened and reinforced spinning yarn can be conveyed to each knitting point with sufficient strength.

In the method according to the invention, the thread feed speed to the knitting machine of the softened and reinforced spun yarn is also set depending on the size of the knitting knitted by the knitting machine by controlling the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair of the drawing unit. do.

In the method according to the invention, the change of the thread feeding speed is possible by adjusting the rotational speed of the last stretching roller pair of the stretching unit in the yarn feeding direction, where the rotational speed of the outlet roller pair is higher to increase the yarn feeding speed. Should be set and lower to lower the actual feed speed.

In the process according to the invention, the yarn fineness or yarn thickness, ie the mass of yarn per yarn segment, and yarn feed amount are thus adjusted for each knitting size to be knitted of the knitted fabric formed.

It is proved particularly advantageous that only one roller of the outlet roller pair is driven and that the corresponding roller is forced to move, depending on the respective feed size to be knitted and the thread feed required for the knitting machine. In addition, both rollers of the outlet roller pair can also be driven according to the pattern.

By varying the thread feed speed, different sizes of knits can be knitted on the knitting machine, whereby a knitting size that is knitted by changing the sinking depth on the knitting machine is possible. By knitting different sized annulus, transparent areas and less transparent areas in the knit fabric can be created.

It is easily achieved by varying the relative speed of the inlet roller pair relative to the outlet roller pair, resulting in varying the thread thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn used in the knitting machine to form a ring, and also by changing the thread feed speed. By virtue of the change in the size of the ringing, knitted fabrics can also be made that contain a nearly constant surface weight and are characterized by almost homogeneous transparency or opacity.

Leggings or tights known from the prior art are all formed from one knitted fabric having a constant thread thickness, unless they are assembled into different parts. This causes the leggings or tights to be transparent or translucent in the hip area, for example due to elongation. Leggings or tights have to be purchased correspondingly large in order to make the underwear and / or skin invisible, which again has the disadvantage of slipping more easily, for example not tight enough in the calf region.

When producing a circular knit fabric, the diameter of the knit fabric is mainly defined by the constructive conditions such as the cylinder diameter and the number of stitches. It can only be changed within certain limits by changing the size of the ring. The manufacturer uses this effect in leggings. As the size of the knitting increases, the diameter of the knitted fabric also increases. Thus, a specific shape can be imparted to the legging legs. However, such shaping is only possible with a certain thread thickness. In the prior art, therefore, the opacity is greater at the small unevenness, and therefore at the smaller diameter, of the knitted fabric than at the larger unevenness of the knitted fabric and therefore at the larger diameter.

On the other hand, by the method according to the invention, it is possible to adjust the yarn thickness as well as the ring size for the knitted pattern to be formed. In one preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, therefore, the larger the size of the towing knitted by the knitting machine, the smaller the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair, and the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair Is set larger, and the smaller the size of the towing knitted by the knitting machine, the larger the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair, and the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair is set smaller. The stretching unit is controlled. In knitted fabrics such as leggings or tights, the unsightly appearance of the underwear and / or the skin, for example in the hip region, can be prevented due to elongation in this region.

When using the method according to the invention, the knitting in the area where the knitted fabric produced is exposed to larger kidneys during wearing, such as the hip area, is thus largely knitted on the one hand and on the other hand depending on the size of the knitting. The thread thickness is enlarged. Thus, the thread thickness is advantageously adjusted in accordance with the size of the ring formed, wherein the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn fed to the knitting point increases as the ring size increases and as the ring size decreases. Decreases. In the method according to the present invention, the size and yarn thickness of the knitted fabric formed are controlled according to the pattern.

Preferably, the relative speed between the inlet roller pair and the outlet roller pair is thus inversely proportional to the size of the deflection that is knitted by the knitting machine, and the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair is set to be directly proportional to the size of the deflection.

In order to facilitate the knitting of softened and reinforced spun yarns and to knit very high quality knitted fabrics, it has proved particularly advantageous to be supplied to knitting machines with constant thread tension. In an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, the softened and reinforced spun yarn can also be supplied to the knitting machine with non-uniform thread tension, but can be adapted to the knitting pattern, for example.

Also, in view of the durability of the fabric to be manufactured, it has proven helpful to supply at least one auxiliary yarn to the stretching unit, wherein the auxiliary yarn feeding speed to the stretching unit is determined by the size and size of the knitted fabric formed in the knitting machine. And / or controlled by the stretching characteristics of the assistant. The auxiliary yarn feed speed to the stretching unit may also be controlled depending on the pattern of the knitted fabric formed in the knitting machine.

It has therefore proved to be particularly practical when the auxiliary yarn is drawn out in the yarn feed direction by the last stretching roller pair of the stretching unit, ie the exit roller pair. Since the individual rollers of the drawing unit can move at different rotational speeds as the case may be, the assistant supplied to the last pair of stretching rollers of the drawing unit is exposed only to a single rotational speed so that the supply of assistants is at this rotational speed and thus in the knitting machine. It can adjust to the pattern of the knitted fabric formed. However, in another variant of the method according to the invention, the auxiliary yarn may be supplied to the roving yarn at another point, for example before feeding it to the drawing unit. Advantageously, a core-sheath yarn is formed by feeding the assistant yarn to the yarn, where the softened and reinforced yarn is wrapped in the bundle.

According to the method according to the invention or an embodiment of the knitted fabric formed thereby, inelastic yarn, so-called core yarn, or elastic yarn, so-called Elastane thread, can be used as auxiliary yarn. By using an auxiliary yarn, the softened and reinforced spun yarn comprising auxiliary yarns, supplied to the knitting machine, can be provided with high stability.

Also, more than one assistant, for example two or three assistants, may be supplied to the roving yarn. Thereby, it has been found that it is advantageous for each auxiliary yarn to be supplied to the stretching unit by a separate auxiliary yarn feeding device. However, it may be transferred to the roving yarn through one auxiliary yarn feeding device.

By inserting at least one auxiliary yarn into the roving yarn and using thread thicknesses or thread counts adapted to the size of each rounding being knitted, the knitted fabric can be advantageously produced, whereby, for example, as described above, Leggings or tights in the area often prevent such unsightly visible effects due to large kidneys. As a result, knitted fabrics having almost the same transparency or opacity and a beautiful and uniform overall appearance can be produced, especially without the unwanted visible effect when worn.

According to the invention, at least one auxiliary yarn, such as at least one elastane yarn, can be inserted into the roving yarn as a core yarn, ie into the roving yarn as an auxiliary yarn surrounded by fibers of the roving yarn. This has an advantage in later products with regard to the clothing physiology of the wearer. Elastane is then not covered by the skin as in the case of plating, but covered with a fiber sheath.

In one particularly advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, a plurality of softened and reinforced rough yarns are formed on separate roughening softening and reinforcing units and supplied to the knitting machine by these separate knitting systems, wherein the rough spinning softening And the reinforcement unit are controlled and operate independently of each other. This embodiment has proved particularly advantageous for use in small circular knitting machines.

However, in an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, two or more softened and reinforced rough yarns may also be formed by a common rough yarn softening and reinforcing unit, followed by one or a plurality of separate knitting of the knitting machine. May be supplied to the system (s).

In addition, a plurality of roving yarn softening and reinforcing units may be combined into a module and jointly controlled electronically. Here, all roving softening and reinforcing units or only individual roving softening and reinforcing units can be combined into a module. Modular operation of roving softening and strengthening units has proved particularly advantageous for small circular knitting machines.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, one knitting system of each knitting machine is fed with at least two roving yarn softening and reinforcing units, and is provided with a reinforced roving yarn. Thereby, soft, reinforced rovings of two, three, four or more than four strands can be produced separately and joined at each knitting system, ie at each ring forming point. This makes it possible to incorporate different spinning yarns of different materials and / or different spinning yarns of different yarn properties into the knitted fabric formed.

The object of the present invention is also solved by a device of the type described above, whereby the knitting machine comprises a sinking depth adjustment device, which sinking depth adjustment device comprises a pattern controller and an exit roller pair of the knitting machine. It is coupled with at least one drive for at least one driven roller.

The pattern of the inlet roller pair of the stretching unit to the drive of at least one driven roller of the last roller pair in the thread conveying direction, that is to say in the thread conveying direction, ie at least one driven roller of the first stretching roller pair in the thread conveying direction. By controlled driving, softened and reinforced rovingscrews of varying yarn thickness can be formed by the device according to the invention, and the use of the material of the invention is ideally adapted to the ring-forming structure formed on the knitting machine.

To this end, the knitting machine is coupled with the roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit, which unit is at least one stretching unit having at least two pairs of gripping rollers arranged successively in the yarn conveying direction, the yarn being provided downstream in the yarn conveying direction. A nozzle device, and preferably, but not necessarily, pairs of gripping rollers that limit the reinforcing segments of the spinning nozzle device.

In order to produce a softened and reinforced spinning yarn, the first pair of holding rollers of the stretching unit in the yarn conveying direction are supplied with slivers in the form of unreinforced fiber bundles, which are drawn and spun by separate extension roller pairs. Is reinforced by. The softened and reinforced spinning yarns are subsequently obtained with additional stability by the next pair of holding rollers.

In the apparatus according to the invention, at least one roller of each pair of stretching rollers is driven by a drive device, where both rollers may also be driven. The change in the seal thickness is achieved in particular by changing the rotational speed of the inlet roller pair relative to the outlet roller pair of the stretching unit.

The spinning nozzle arrangement, which is continuously arranged after the stretching unit in the yarn conveying direction, preferably comprises two self conveying spinning nozzles, whereby the soft spinning yarn is conveyed through the airflow of the spinning nozzles in the working direction. Advantageously, the two spinning nozzles are arranged continuously in the yarn conveying direction, where they are operated pneumatically and comprise rotary currents opposite each other.

The holding roller pairs, which are preferably arranged continuously after the spinning nozzle arrangement in the yarn conveying direction, can also be coupled or coupled with the drive, whereby at least one holding roller of the holding roller pair is driven. By guiding the softened and reinforced spinning yarn through a pair of gripping rollers, the softened and reinforced spinning yarn obtains additional stability and strength, whereby the softened and reinforced spinning yarn is reinforced, after reinforcing the spinning nozzle, the gripped spinning yarn is only temporarily reinforced. It can be easily transferred to the knitting machine even at a relatively long distance without being released during transportation. By this coupling scheme of the spinning device and the knitting machine, a particularly soft knitted fabric can be produced very efficiently, space-saving and at a relatively low cost.

In one particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the knitting machine comprises a sinking depth adjustment device coupled to the pattern controller of the knitting machine.

The size of the ring to be knitted can be advantageously changed by the sinking depth adjusting device. The coupling of the knitting controller's pattern controller and the sinking depth adjustment device facilitates varying the size of the deflection depending on the pattern to be knitted. Depending on the size of the ring to be produced, the loop-forming needle can be sent further or less by the sinking depth control device.

In particular, in combination with adjustment of the thread thickness, knitted fabrics such as leggings or tights can be produced, which exhibit almost the same level of transparency or opacity even when worn. Thereby, unsightly see-through of the skin and / or underwear can be prevented, for example due to the increased elongation of the knit in the hip region of the female or male wearer. Conveniently, for example, in areas where the knit fabric is exposed to larger kidneys, for example in the hip area of a female or male wearer, the torus is formed larger, where the yarn thickness of the knit fabric increases simultaneously. However, in order to form a particularly transparent knitted fabric, the thread thickness can be reduced as the size of the annulus increases. The adjustment of the thread thickness may be made according to the pattern.

In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the device comprises a measuring device for measuring the yarn tension of the softened and reinforced roving yarn that exits the roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit. By this measuring device, it is possible to ensure that the softened and reinforced spinning yarns are fed to each knitting point of the knitting machine with a constant thread tension, whereby the softened and reinforced spinning yarns can be particularly suitably processed and of high quality knitting The fabric can be made simultaneously.

The measuring device can also be used to determine the actual feed speed or other process parameters. Advantageously, the spinning and / or knitting process is controlled by the data measured by the measuring device, whereby one or a plurality of process parameters, such as the rotational speed of one or a plurality of stretching roller pairs, can be adjusted.

In a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, the device is connected to the drawing unit and is provided with at least one auxiliary feeder controllable by the pattern controller of the knitting machine and / or controllable by the drawing properties of the assistant which can be supplied to the drawing unit. Device. By inserting auxiliary yarns into the softened and reinforced spinning yarns, the softened and reinforced spinning yarns gain additional strength and stability. Also, for example, the stretching properties of softened and reinforced rovings may be influenced by the auxiliary yarns.

Preferably, the auxiliary yarn feeding device comprises an ejection realized by the pair of ejection rollers of the stretching unit, ie the last roller pair in the thread conveying direction, whereby the auxiliary yarn is received by the last stretching roller pair and drawn into a thread. Can be incorporated in. By supplying the assistant yarn only during the main drawing, the assistant passes only one gripping point of the drawing device. The speed of the auxiliary yarn feeder can thus be optimally adjusted to the rotational speed of the final stretching unit roller pair and / or the pattern controller of the knitting machine. In addition, the auxiliary yarn supply apparatus may be controlled according to the stretching characteristic of the auxiliary yarn.

Depending on the application, the auxiliary yarn may be formed elastically or inelastically. By supplying auxiliary yarns to the softened and reinforced spinning yarns, it is preferable to form a core-sheath yarn in which the core is formed by the auxiliary yarns. In an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, more than one assistant, for example two or three assistants, can be supplied to the softened and reinforced roving yarns.

By forming a softened and reinforced spun yarn as a core-sheath yarn, the unsightly visible effect of manufactured knitted fabrics such as leggings or tights can be advantageously prevented when the knitted fabric is stretched. In addition, the visible effect can also be prevented by enlarging the ringing in combination with an increase in the yarn thickness in the high stretching region.

It has also proved to be particularly advantageous when at least two separate roving softening and reinforcing units independent of each other in terms of control technology are assigned to the knitting system of the knitting machine. This embodiment has proved particularly advantageous with regard to use in small circular knitting machines.

However, in an alternative embodiment of the device according to the invention, a plurality of roving yarn softening and reinforcing units can also be combined in a module and coupled in terms of control technology. Such applications should be regarded as particularly advantageous with regard to use in large circular knitting machines. Depending on the application, all or individual rough spinning softening and reinforcing units may be coupled in terms of control techniques herein.

The object of the present invention is also a knitted fabric of the type mentioned above, wherein the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced rovingspun yarn is formed depending on the size of the knitting fabric's ring size, wherein the yarn thickness increases with increasing size of the ring size. In addition, the yarn thickness is solved by the knitted fabric which decreases as the size of the annular decreases.

By pattern controlled change in thickness, the material usage can be optimally adjusted to the annular structure of the knitted fabric. In the knitted fabric according to the present invention, the yarn thickness of the softened and reinforced spun yarn used in the manufacture is further formed according to the respective size of the knitting of the knitted fabric, where the thread thickness increases as the size of the knitting increases, and the size of the knitting As decreases, the thread thickness decreases.

Particularly preferably, the knitted fabric is a seamless, circularly knitted fabric with varying diameters and constant opacity. Thus, this knitted fabric may be a stocking, for example, where the diameter increases from bottom to top at the calf site, whereby the cyclic size increases from bottom to top at this calf site but the opacity remains the same, According to, more and thicker yarns are fed to the knitting points when this calf site is knitted from bottom to top, ie as the size of the ring is increased. Conversely, the same applies to the knitting of the calf site from top to bottom, where fewer and thinner threads are fed to knitting points where the size of the ring decreases. In this way, the knitted fabric according to the present invention is formed in such a way as to continuously have the same transparency or opacity in the stretched or worn state. However, in an alternative embodiment of the knitted fabric according to the present invention, the thread thickness can decrease with increasing size of the annulus so that not only particularly opaque areas but also particularly transparent areas can be produced.

The knitted fabric may be a knitted fabric including a pattern.

Preferred embodiments of the invention, and their structures, functions and advantages, are described in more detail with reference to the drawings below. From here,
1 is a side view schematically showing a cross-section of drawn rovings having different yarn thicknesses that can be formed as intermediates in one embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Figure 2 schematically shows a possible side view of a device according to the invention in a cutaway side cross-sectional view.
3 shows schematically another possible embodiment of the device according to the invention in a cutaway side cross-sectional view.

1 schematically shows in cross-section a cross section of a soft rovingspun 4b that can be produced as an intermediate in one embodiment of the method according to the invention, wherein the softened rosting 4b is in the example shown in length has l

The rough yarn cross section of the rough yarn 4b shown in FIG. 1 comprises three regions 41, 41 ′, 42, which are characterized by different thread thicknesses d, d ′. As shown in FIG. 1, the roving yarn 4b includes a larger yarn thickness d 'in the region 42 than the regions 41, 41 ′. Thereby, the thread thicknesses d and d 'are adjusted in accordance with the pattern knitted in the knitting machine, and the spinning yarn 4b is supplied to the knitting machine in a temporarily reinforced form as a softened and reinforced spinning yarn. As a result, the length of the region in which the yarn thicknesses d and d 'and the rough yarn 4b include larger or smaller diameters is formed in accordance with the pattern. Unlike the illustration of FIG. 1, the rovings 4b may also include a constant thread thickness d, d 'over a long distance. The seal thickness d, d 'may also vary over very short distances. The regions 41, 41 ', and 42 in which the thread thicknesses d and d' vary may be regularly or irregularly formed according to a pattern.

The soft spun yarn 4b consists of individual fibers 40, which comprise auxiliary yarns not shown here. Depending on the application, the auxiliary yarn may be formed elastically or inelastically. Similarly, soft rovings may be formed that do not contain an auxiliary yarn or that contain more than one auxiliary yarn.

Figure 2 shows schematically an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention in cut side cross-sectional view, wherein the same reference numerals as in Figure 1 denote the same components, in which reference is made to the above description. .

The apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a knitting machine 2 as well as a roving softening and reinforcing unit 10 coupled with the knitting machine 2.

The rough spinning softening and reinforcing unit 10 comprises a stretching unit 5, a spinning nozzle device 6 provided downstream of the stretching unit 5 in the yarn conveying direction A, and in the illustrated embodiment And a clamping roller pair 7 subsequent to the spinning nozzle arrangement 6 in the conveying direction A.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the stretching unit 5 comprises three pairs of stretching rollers 51, 52, 53 arranged successively in the provided yarn feed direction A at intervals 561, 562 from each other. do. In an alternative embodiment, the device 1 may however also comprise only two draw roller pairs 51, 53 or more than three draw roller pairs 51, 52, 53. The stretching roller pairs 51, 52, 53 are in turn formed by two rollers 511, 512, 521, 522, 531, 532, respectively.

In order to produce the softened and reinforced spinning yarn 4d, the unreinforced fiber bundle-shaped sliver 4a is a pair of first stretching rollers 51 of the stretching unit 5 which are pairs of inlet rollers in the yarn feed direction A. Is supplied. In the embodiment shown, the sliver 4a is provided by a roving yarn supply unit 3 comprising a plier bobbin 31 and guided to the inlet roller pair 51.

In the stretching unit 5, the sliver 4a is stretched by the stretching roller pairs 51, 52, 53. To this end, drive devices 8, 8 ′, 8, in which one roller 511, 521, 531 of each of the stretching roller pairs 51, 52, 53 drive each roller 511, 521, 531. Is coupled to ").

As shown in FIG. 2, the non-driven rollers 512, 522, 532 of each pair of stretching rollers 51, 52, 53 are springs 541 in the illustratively shown device 1 according to the invention. Is pressed against the driven rollers 511, 521, 531 by the stretching unit pressure arm 54. Here, the rollers 512, 522, 532 are mounted in such a way that they can rotate in the opposite direction to the rollers 511, 521, 531.

In order to produce a soft roving spine 4b having a seal thickness d, d 'for each deflection size, the drives 8, 8', 8 "are coupled with the pattern controller 9 Here, in particular, the rotational speed x ₁ of the drive device 8 of the roller 511 of the inlet roller pair 51 is knitted by changing the rotational speed x ₁ of the inlet roller pair 51 in the illustrated example. Depending on the pattern knitted by the machine 2, it is controlled relative to the rotational speed x ₃ of the outlet roller pair 53, wherein the rotational speed x ₂ of the stretching roller pair 52 is previously determined. Following the rotational speed of the stretching roller pair 51 having a defined or selectable transmission ratio, the rotational speed x ₃ of the rotational roller pair 53 remains constant.

In order to be able to influence the knitting size to be knitted, the pattern controller 9 is also coupled with a schematically depicted sinking depth adjustment device 91 of the knitting machine 2. Thereby, the process is advantageously controlled in such a way that the thread thickness d 'increases as the ring size increases, and the thread thickness d also decreases as the ring size decreases, so that almost constant transparency even when worn or Knitted fabrics, such as leggings or tights, can be made that exhibit opacity to prevent unsightly seeing in places that are potentially more stretched than other portions. However, in an alternative variant as well, the process thickness can be controlled in a way that the seal thickness d, d 'decreases or vice versa as the ring size increases. Thus, particularly transparent areas can be formed in the knitted fabric.

The softened spinning yarn 4b which escapes the stretching unit 5 then enters the spinning nozzle device 6. In the spinning nozzle device 6, the rotation of the rough yarn 4b softened by the air jet takes place. Thereby, the spinning nozzle device 6 is composed of two successively arranged spinning nozzles 61 and 62 which are air turbulent nozzles. The airflow generated by the two spinning nozzles 61, 62 includes false twists, including the opposite directions of rotation B, C.

In the embodiment shown, a pair of holding rollers 7 are provided following the spinning nozzle arrangement 6 in the yarn conveying direction A, which comprises two holding rollers 71, 72 which are rotatable in opposite directions to each other. do. The softened and reinforced spun yarn 4c which escapes the spinning nozzle device 6 is guided through the holding rollers 71 and 72 pressed against each other, while on the one hand the passage for the slub 4c and other On the one hand a gripping point is formed. By this, the gripping point defines the fiber reinforcement segment after the spinning nozzle device 6. The softened and reinforced spun yarn 4d escapes the gripping roller pair and is then directly supplied to the knitting machine 2.

In the embodiment of the device 1 ′ according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, the inelastic auxiliary yarn 22 is supplied to the roving yarn 4b by the auxiliary yarn feeding device 220, which is a softened and reinforced roving yarn ( Increases the strength of 4d). The inelastic auxiliary yarns 22 are drawn out of the spool 24 by the auxiliary yarn holding roller pairs 23 in the illustrated embodiment and are supplied to the stretching unit 5 via thread guiding tubes 26 to the roving yarns. (4b) is incorporated into. In the illustrated example, since the inelastic auxiliary yarn 22 is supplied to the last stretching roller pair of the stretching unit 5, that is, the outlet roller pair 53 in the yarn feeding direction A, the yarn feeding speed of the auxiliary yarn 22 ( v ₄ ) thus only needs to be adjusted at the rotational speed x ₃ of the outlet roller pair 53.

The thread tension of the inelastic auxiliary yarn 22 can be checked by a thread tension measuring device 43 provided between the auxiliary yarn holding roller pair 23 and the stretching unit 5. In particular, in consideration of the quality of the manufactured knitted fabric as well as the execution of the knitting process, the apparatus 1, 1 'is provided with an auxiliary yarn gripping roller pair ( It has proven advantageous to include a thread tension measuring device 43 for measuring the thread tension of the spinning yarn 4d that escapes 23).

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the elastic auxiliary yarn 25, for example elastane yarn, is also supplied to the roving yarn 4d by an additional auxiliary yarn feeding device 210. This elastic assistant yarn 25 is guided onto the thread tension measuring device 42 by a circumferential drive capable of setting the correct assistant yarn tension and then supplied to the stretching roller pair 53. In the illustrated embodiment, the elastic auxiliary yarn 25 is supplied to the stretching unit ₅ together with the non-elastic auxiliary yarn 22 at the thread feeding speed v ₅ through the thread guide tube 26.

It is also advantageous for the auxiliary yarn supply devices 220, 210 to be controlled by the stretching characteristics of the pattern controller and / or the auxiliary yarns 22, 25. In particular, when the auxiliary yarn supply apparatuses 220 and 210 are coupled to the pattern controller, the auxiliary yarns 23 and 25 may be inserted according to the pattern. Depending on the individual use, either elastic resilient yarn 25 or inelastic auxiliary yarn 22 may be selected. Similarly, depending on the individual use, it may be determined whether to supply only one auxiliary yarn 22. 25 to the roving yarn 4b or a plurality of auxiliary yarns 22, 25 if necessary. As long as a plurality of auxiliary yarns 22 and 25 are inserted, as shown in FIG. 3, they must be supplied to the stretching unit 5 by separate auxiliary yarn supply devices 220 and 210 in consideration of potentially different auxiliary yarn tensions. do. However, in alternative embodiments, a plurality of auxiliary yarns may be supplied by one auxiliary yarn supply device.

Advantageously, knitted fabrics having different sizes of annulus can be easily produced with the apparatus 1, 1 'according to the invention, thereby taking into account variable thread thicknesses d, d' depending on the size of the unfolding. Very transparent or opaque knitted fabrics may be provided. In order to change the size of the rotation, the yarn feed speed from the roving softening and reinforcing unit to the knitting machine is changed by changing the rotational speed of the last stretching roller pair, i.e., the exit roller pair 53, in the yarn feeding direction A. Is realized.

By the present invention, it is also possible to create different compression zones in one knitted tube by changing the size of the knitting.

According to the present invention, a knitted fabric having different technical characteristics can be produced by changing the thread thickness and the thread count. In the case of changing the yarn thickness, the fiber content in the finished yarn is changed by the method according to the invention. Assistant fineness is determined during the process. Thus, the conductive assistant can be sheathed with a different number of fibers, for example, which results in partially different properties in each manufactured knitted fabric.

According to the present invention, the wear resistance of the knitted fabric can be influenced by adjusting the size of the knitting and the thread count. The present invention can also be used to influence the functional properties of knitted fabrics, such as moisture transfer properties and / or heat retention properties. In addition, with the aid of the present invention, the thermal conductivity and / or thermal insulation properties of the knitted fabric can be further or alternatively influenced.

none

Claims (15)

As a knitted fabric manufacturing method comprising a pattern,
The stretching unit having at least two pairs of stretching rollers 51, 52, 53 arranged continuously in the yarn conveying direction A is formed by a sliver in the form of an unreinforced fiber bundle 4a. 5) and a spinning spinning softening and reinforcing unit 10 including a spinning nozzle device 6 arranged downstream of the stretching unit 5 in the yarn conveying direction A, so as to provide the at least two stretching roller pairs. Drawn by (51, 52, 53), at least one inlet roller pair 51 and one outlet roller pair 53 of the stretching unit 5, the inlet roller pair 51 By changing the relative speed between the outlet roller pairs 53 on the knitting machine 2 in such a way that the thread thicknesses d, d 'of the drawn roving 4b vary over their lengths. It is driven to control according to the pattern of the knitted fabric to be formed,
The softened spinning yarn 4b which escapes the stretching unit 5 is supplied to the spinning nozzle device 6 and is reinforced by the spinning nozzle device 6 by applying compressed air,
The drawn, reinforced roving 4d is then supplied to the knitting machine 2 directly or by using at least one conveying or clamping means,
By controlling the rotational speed of at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair 53 of the stretching unit 5, the yarn feed speed v ₃ of the softened and reinforced roving yarn 4d to the knitting machine is knitted. A method of manufacturing a knitted fabric, characterized in that it is set depending on the stitch size to be knitted by (2). The method according to claim 1, wherein the larger the size of the displacement to be knitted by the knitting machine 2, the smaller the relative speed between the inlet roller pair 51 and the outlet roller pair 53 and the outlet roller pair 53 The larger the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of is set, and the smaller the size of the displacement to be knitted by the knitting machine 2 is, between the inlet roller pair 51 and the outlet roller pair 53. The relative speed of the larger and the rotational speed of the at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair (53) is set smaller, characterized in that the knitted fabric manufacturing method. The relative speed between the inlet roller pair (51) and the outlet roller pair (53) is set in inverse proportion to the size of the looping knitted by the knitting machine (2). And said rotational speed of said at least one driven roller of said outlet roller pair (53) is set in direct proportion to said size of said rotation. 4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the softened and reinforced spinning yarn (4d) is fed to the knitting machine (2) with a constant thread tension. 5. The at least one auxiliary yarn 22, 25 is supplied to the stretching unit 5, and the auxiliary yarn feeding speed to the stretching unit 5 is determined by the knitting machine (5). 2) a method of manufacturing a knit fabric, characterized in that it is set depending on the size of the knitted fabric being knitted on and / or the stretch characteristics of the auxiliary yarns (22, 25). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a plurality of said softened and reinforced roughening yarns 4d are formed in separate roughening softening and reinforcing units 10, whereby the knitting machine ( 2) A method for producing a knitted fabric, characterized in that it is supplied to separate knitting systems of (2), wherein said roving yarn softening and reinforcing units (10) are controlled and operated independently of each other. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of rovings and softening and reinforcing units (10) are coupled into one module and jointly electronically controlled. 8. The knitting system of claim 6 or 7, wherein the knitting system of the knitting machine 2 is provided with the softened and reinforced spinning yarn 4d by at least two roving yarn softening and reinforcing units 10, respectively. Knitted fabric manufacturing method characterized in that. As knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus 1, 1 ', the said knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus is
At least one knitting machine 2 and at least one roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit 10 provided upstream of the knitting machine 2 in the yarn conveying direction A,
The rough spinning softening and reinforcing unit 10 includes at least one stretching unit 5 and at least one stretching unit 5 having at least two pairs of stretching rollers 51, 52, 53 arranged successively in the yarn feeding direction A. A) at least one spinning nozzle device 6 provided downstream of the stretching unit 5,
At least one driven roller of the inlet roller pair 51 of the stretching unit 5 and at least one driven roller of the outlet roller pair 53 of the stretching unit 5 are at least one drive 8, 8 ′. , 8 "), and the drive is coupled with the pattern controller 9 of the knitting machine 2,
The knitting machine 2 comprises a sinking depth adjustment device 91, which sinking depth adjustment device 91 comprises a pattern controller 9 of the knitting machine 2 and the pair of outlet rollers. A fabric manufacturing apparatus characterized in that it is coupled with at least one drive (8 ") for at least one driven roller of (53). 10. The knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus (1, 1 ') according to claim 9, at least one for measuring the thread tension of the softened and reinforced spun yarn 4d exiting the roving yarn softening and reinforcing unit (10). Knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus comprising a thread tension measuring device (41). The knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus (1, 1 ') comprises at least one auxiliary yarn supply device (220, 210), wherein the auxiliary yarn supply device (220, 210) is the stretching unit Depends on the stretching properties of the auxiliary yarns 22, 25 connected to (5) and controlled by the pattern controller 9 for the knitting machine 2 and / or supplied to the stretching unit 5. A knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus, which can be controlled. 12. The knitting system of the knitting machine 2 is assigned to at least two separate roving and softening units 10, respectively. The unit (10) is knitted fabric manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that independent from each other in terms of control. The apparatus for manufacturing a knitted fabric according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the plurality of the roving yarn softening and reinforcing units 10 are coupled in a single module and coupled in terms of control. . A knitted fabric formed of a softened and reinforced rovingspun yarn 4d whose thread thickness varies depending on its length,
The yarn thicknesses d and d 'of the softened and reinforced rovingspun yarn 4d are formed depending on the respective patterns of the knitted fabric, and the yarn thickness d' increases as the ring size increases. , The thread thickness (d) is characterized in that the knitted fabric decreases as the size decreases. 15. The knitted fabric according to claim 14, wherein the knitted fabric is a seamless circular knit knitted fabric whose diameter is changed but its opacity is constant.

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