KR20170066408A - Ii형 셀룰로스를 포함하는 접착제 조성물 - Google Patents
Ii형 셀룰로스를 포함하는 접착제 조성물 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20170066408A KR20170066408A KR1020177009409A KR20177009409A KR20170066408A KR 20170066408 A KR20170066408 A KR 20170066408A KR 1020177009409 A KR1020177009409 A KR 1020177009409A KR 20177009409 A KR20177009409 A KR 20177009409A KR 20170066408 A KR20170066408 A KR 20170066408A
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- Prior art keywords
- cellulose
- lignin
- resin
- adhesive
- shr
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07G1/00—Lignin; Lignin derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
Description
도 1은 SHR-50에 대한 13C CP-MAS NMR 스펙트럼을 나타낸다(실시예 1 참조).
도 2는 SHR-50에 대한 13C CP-MAS NMR 스펙트럼의 C6 영역에서 디콘볼루션하고 적합화한 곡선을 나타낸다(실시예 1 참조).
도 3은 SHR-50 잔류물에서 셀룰로스의 X-선 회절(XRD) 스펙트럼을 나타낸다(알칼리 추출에 의한 리그닌 제거 후, 실시예 1 참조)
도 4 및 5는 다양한 페놀-포름알데하이드(PF) 수지 혼합물에 대한 경화 속도를 예시하며, 여기서 합판 PF 수지 또는 배향성 스트랜드보드(OSB) PF 수지의 일부는 다양한 물질로 치환되었다(실시예 1 참조). 합판 PF 수지의 30 중량%(도 4), OSB PF 수지의 30 중량%(도 5)를 나타낸 물질로 치환하여 PF 수지 혼합물을 제조하였으며, 나타낸 물질은 리그닌 및/또는 II형 셀룰로스를 포함한다.
도 6은 본 발명의 구현예에 따른 SHR-50(즉, II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌)을 함유하는 합판 PF 목재 접착체의 성능을, 기타 다른 공정으로부터 유래한 리그닌(예를 들어, Kraft, Alcell 등)을 함유하고, II형 셀룰로스는 함유하지 않는 달리 동일한 합판 PF 목재 접착제와 비교한다(실시예 3 참조).
도 7은 본 발명의 일부 구현예에 따른 SHR-50, 및 SHR-50-AR(각각은 II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌을 함유함)을 함유하는 합판 PF 목재 접착체의 성능을, SHR-50(즉, SHL-50)으로부터 정제된 리그닌을 함유하는 달리 동일한 합판 PF 목재 접착제와 비교한다(실시예 4 참조).
도 8은 경질목재(SHR-50 및 SHR-80)로부터 유래한 II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌을 함유하는 합판 PF 목재 접착제의 성능을, 연질목재(SHR-60-SW)로부터 유래한 II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌을 함유하는 합판 PF 목재 접착제와 비교한다(실시예 5 참조).
도 9는 다양한 수준의 알칼리(NaOH) 첨가시 경질목재로부터 유래한 II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌을 포함하는 잔류물(SHR-80)과 혼합된, 상업적으로 입수한 OSBPF 목재 접착제의 성능을 비교한다(실시예 7 참조).
도 10은 다양한 수준의 알칼리(NaOH) 첨가시 경질목재로부터 유래한 II형 셀룰로스 및 리그닌을 포함하는 잔류물(SHR-80)과 혼합된, 상업적으로 입수한 합판 PF 목재 접착제의 성능을 비교한다(실시예 8 참조).
도 11은 합판 PF 수지의 일부가 리그닌 및 II형 셀룰로스를 포함하는 잔류물로 치환(PF 수지의 30% 대체)된 PF 수지 혼합물에 대한 경화 속도를 예시하며, 여기서 리그닌/셀룰로스 잔류물은 페놀과 포름알데하이드의 축합에 의한 PF 수지의 형성 동안 첨가된다. 접착제 성능에 의해 측정하였을 때, 경화 속도는 동일한 PF 수지에 대한 경화 속도와 비교되며, 여기서 대조군은 어떠한 수지도 대체되지 않은 것이다(실시예 9 참조).
샘플 | % 재 | % Xyl | % Glu | % Ara | % Gal | % Rha | % Man | 총 당% | 총 리그닌 | 총 |
XAHL | 0.01 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.19 | 1.7 | 91.1 | 92.8 |
SHR-50 | 0.10 | 1.3 | 42.2 | 0.23 | 0.04 | 0.34 | 0.21 | 44.2 | 56.6 | 100.8 |
SHR-70 | 0.21 | 0.5 | 29.4 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 30.2 | 68.1 | 98.3 |
SHR-80 | 0.38 | 0.4 | 18.8 | 0.03 | 0.03 | ND | 0.16 | 19.5 | 77.1 | 96.5 |
SHR-60-SW | 0.10 | 0.8 | 30.2 | 0.02 | 0.21 | ND | 1.05 | 32.2 | 63.8 | 96.1 |
SHL-50 | 0.26 | 0.2 | 0.65 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.98 | 98.0 | 99.2 |
SHL-70 | 0.60 | 0.22 | 0.48 | 0 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 1.53 | 95.7 | 97.2 |
SHL-80 | 0.40 | 0.33 | 0.38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.11 | 93.6 | 94.7 |
SHL-60-SW | 1.5 | 0.20 | 1.17 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.47 | 3.47 | 91.1 | 94.6 |
SHR-50-AR | ND | 0.74 | 76.4 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.63 | 77.9 | 16.5 | 94.3 |
SHR-80-AR |
0.12 |
1.4 |
73.8 |
0.20 |
0.10 |
0.70 |
0.10 |
73.8 |
24.7 |
98.5 |
특징 | SHL -50 | SHL -70 | SHL -80 | SHL50 -E40 | XAHL | SHL -SW |
Tg,℃ | 102 | NR | NR | 61.5 | NR | NR |
총 CO | 15 | 15 | 12 | 22 | 64 | 16 |
컨쥬게이트되지 않은 CO | 5 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 32 | 6 |
컨쥬게이트된 CO | 10 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 32 | 10 |
총 COOR | 12 | 14 | 15 | 11 | 24 | 17 |
지방족 COOR | 9 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 20 | 16 |
컨쥬게이트 COOR | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 |
총 OH | 112 | 116 | 107 | 126 | 128 | 96 |
지방족 | 50 | 48 | 44 | 50 | 36 | 50 |
1차 | 29 | 27 | 25 | 28 | 17 | 33 |
2차 | 21 | 21 | 19 | 22 | 19 | 17 |
페놀 | 62 | 68 | 63 | 76 | 92 | 46 |
S/G | 1.19 | 1.17 | 1.13 | 1.55 | 0.57 | NA |
ArH | 213 | 207 | 204 | 206 | 201 | 228 |
축합도(DC) | 33 | 39 | 43 | 33 | 62 | 72 |
β-O-4 | 15 | 14 | 10 | 14 | 미량 | 13 |
β-β | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 미량 | 6 |
β-5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 미량 | 7 |
OCH3 | 122 | 119 | 118 | 123 | 73 | 81 |
산소화 지방족 | 108 | 91 | 87 | 101 | 80 | 107 |
포화 지방족 | 49 | 54 | 62 | 52 | 103 | 168 |
당(근사치) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Mn,Da | 1077 | 1123 | 1187 | 672 | 1240 | 1526 |
Mw,Da | 4386 | 4003 | 4255 | 1337 | 3350 | 4865 |
PDI | 4.07 | 3.56 | 3.58 | 1.99 | 2.70 | 3.19 |
δ(ppm) |
폭
(ppm) |
정규화 적분
(%) |
|
I α | 89.41 | 0.44 | 0.87 |
I α +β | 88.75 | 0.66 | 21.08 |
I β | 87.92 | 1.17 | 27.13 |
준결정 | 88.30 | 1.75 | 7.31 |
접근가능한 피브릴 표면 | 84.34 | 1.15 | 10.42 |
접근가능한 피브릴 표면 | 83.25 | 0.95 | 8.10 |
접근불가능한 피브릴 표면 | 83.92 | 2.35 | 14.00 |
비정질 셀룰로스 | 82.06 | 1.85 | 11.08 |
δ(ppm) |
폭
(ppm) |
적분
(%) |
|
결정질 I | 65.63 | 0.77 | 5.93 |
결정질 I | 64.79 | 0.81 | 11.66 |
결정질 II | 63.06 | 0.51 | 28.24 |
결정질 II | 62.32 | 0.51 | 29.14 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 63.61 | 0.90 | 7.76 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 61.58 | 0.46 | 2.50 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 61.16 | 0.64 | 7.01 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 60.77 | 0.51 | 2.63 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 60.45 | 0.46 | 5.13 |
δ(ppm) |
폭
(ppm) |
적분
(%) |
|
결정질 II | 63.04 | 0.46 | 40.63 |
결정질 II | 62.29 | 0.49 | 44.39 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 62.68 | 0.69 | 2.25 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 61.60 | 0.18 | 0.60 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 61.10 | 0.55 | 5.63 |
피브릴/미결정/비정렬 | 60.44 | 0.60 | 6.51 |
PWS 1 | PWS 2 | PWS 3 | PWS 4 |
83 | 88 | 80 | 83 |
M
w
(kg/ mol ) |
M
n
(kg/ mol ) |
M
z
(kg/ mol ) |
PDI
(kg/ mol ) |
CO( μmol /g) | |
HHR -x | 368.2 | 86.3 | 1129 | 4.3 | 50.7 |
SHR -50-x | 28.7 | 20.2 | 43.8 | 1.4 | 97.3 |
SHR -80-x | 96.5 | 51.5 | 253.7 | 1.9 | 219.1 |
아교 믹스 | 프레스 시간(초) | 전단 강도(psi) | 목재 파괴(%) |
대조군 | 180 | 128 (44) | 79 (18) |
240 | 123 (42) | 85 (15) | |
10% R | 180 | 120 (49) | 74 (18) |
240 | 121 (46) | 87 (9) | |
20% R | 180 | 129 (35) | 78 (17) |
240 | 130 (42) | 84 (8) | |
10% PF 및 모든 첨가제 | 180 | 124 (46) | 63 (23) |
240 | 130 (52) | 91 (9) |
아교 믹스 | 프레스 시간(초) | 전단 강도(psi) | 목재 파괴(%) |
대조군 | 180 | 126 (50) | 91 (10) |
240 | 116 (45) | 91 (10) | |
10% R | 180 | 120 (45) | 83 (15) |
240 | 116 (44) | 89 (11) | |
20% R | 180 | 118 (31) | 83 (14) |
240 | 124 (35) | 87 (9) | |
10% PF 및 모든 첨가제 | 180 | 124 (37) | 64 (26) |
240 | 111 (47) | 92 (7) |
PF 수지 치환 |
XAHL | SHR-50 | SHR-70 | SHR-SW | ||||
% | AVE | STD | AVE | STD | AVE | STD | AVE | STD |
0 | 6.49 | 0.62 | 6.49 | 0.62 | 6.49 | 0.62 | 6.49 | 0.62 |
10 | 5.73 | 0.56 | 6.94 | 0.91 | 6.91 | 1.3 | 6.96 | 1.07 |
15 | 6.24 | 0.75 | 6.99 | 0.82 | 6.67 | 0.78 | 6.20 | 0.37 |
20 | 5.82 | 0.35 | 5.82 | 0.78 | 6.42 | 0.71 | 6.35 | 0.98 |
30 | 6.28 | 0.22 | 6.62 | 0.56 | 6.69 | 1.18 | 6.66 | 0.86 |
35 | 5.40 | 0.19 | 6.26 | 0.38 | 6.03 | 0.77 | 5.89 | 0.26 |
45 | 5.52 | 0.29 | 6.15 | 0.25 | 5.83 | 0.29 | 5.74 | 0.42 |
샘플 |
정적 휨 |
내부 결합력 ( Mpa ) |
두께 팽창
24 시간 침지 |
||||
PF
수지
치환 (%) |
프레스 시간
(s) |
MOE
( MPa ) |
MOR
( MPa ) |
두께 팽창
(%) |
수분 흡수
(%) |
||
(시판 표적) |
(3100
초과) |
(17.2
초과) |
(0.345 초과) | (25 미만) | (NA) | ||
1 | 0 | 150 | 4100 | 24.5 | 0.403 | 14.3 | 27.4 |
2 | 25 | 150 | 4500 | 25.7 | 0.345 | 15.2 | 28.9 |
3 | 40 | 150 | 3900 | 25.6 | 0.389 | 16.5 | 31.1 |
4 | 0 | 180 | 3900 | 22.8 | 0.448 | 13.3 | 25.0 |
5 | 25 | 180 | 4400 | 25.7 | 0.391 | 14.1 | 27.2 |
6 | 40 | 180 | 3700 | 24.5 | 0.410 | 13.7 | 28.5 |
Claims (22)
- 접착제 수지; 및
셀룰로스
를 포함하며, 여기서 셀룰로스의 적어도 일부분은 II형 셀룰로스인 혼합재료. - 제1항에 있어서, 리그닌을 추가로 포함하는 혼합재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 셀룰로스는 건조 기준으로 총 조성물의 약 5 중량% 내지 약 50 중량%의 양으로 존재하는 것인 혼합재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 셀룰로스는 건조 기준으로 리그닌 및 셀룰로스의 합한 총 중량을 기준으로 약 20 중량% 내지 약 80 중량%의 양으로 존재하는 것인 혼합재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 수지는 아미노 수지, 페놀-포름알데하이드 수지 또는 폴리(디페닐메탄 디이소시아네이트) 수지인 혼합재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혼합재료는 잔류물의 형태로 리그닌 및 셀룰로스를 제공하고 상기 접착제 수지를 잔류물과 혼합함으로써 형성되며, 잔류물은 바이오매스의 초임계 가수분해에 의해 수득되는 것인 혼합재료.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혼합재료는 잔류물의 형태로 리그닌 및 셀룰로스를 제공하고 상기 접착제 수지를 잔류물과 혼합함으로써 형성되며, 잔류물은
약 140℃ 내지 약 280℃의 온도에서 크기가 감소된 바이오매스에 열수 처리를 수행함으로써 고형분 분획을 형성하는 단계;
선택적으로 고형분 분획의 크기를 추가로 감소시키는 단계; 및
온도가 약 300℃ 내지 약 550℃인 고온압축수를 이용하여 선택적으로 크기가 추가로 감소된 고형분 분획의 적어도 일부분을 처리함으로써 잔류물을 형성하는 단계
를 포함하는 공정에 의해 수득되는 것인 혼합재료. - 제1항에 있어서, 상기 혼합재료는 목재 접착제인 혼합재료.
- 제8항의 경화된 목재 접착제.
- 제9항의 상기 경화된 목재 접착제를 포함하는 합판.
- 제9항의 상기 경화된 목재 접착제를 포함하는 배향성 스트랜드보드.
- 접착제 수지를 포함하며, 상기 접착제 수지는
포름알데하이드; 및
적어도 하나의 페놀성 화합물
의 축합 생성물을 포함하며,
상기 축합 생성물은 셀룰로스의 존재 하에서 형성되고;
상기 셀룰로스의 적어도 일부분은 II형 셀룰로스인 조성물. - 제12항에 있어서, 상기 적어도 하나의 페놀성 화합물은 리그닌을 포함하는 것인 조성물.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 적어도 하나의 페놀성 화합물은 페놀을 포함하는 것인 조성물.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 총 셀룰로스는 포름알데하이드, 적어도 하나의 페놀성 화합물, 및 총 셀룰로스의 합한 총 중량을 기준으로 약 5 중량% 내지 약 50 중량%의 양으로 존재하며, 양은 건조량을 기준으로 하고, 총 셀룰로스는 I형 셀룰로스, II형 셀룰로스, 및 비정질 셀룰로스를 포함하는 것인 조성물.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 셀룰로스는 리그닌 및 총 셀룰로스의 합한 총 중량을 기준으로 약 20 중량% 내지 약 80 중량%의 양으로 존재하며, 양은 건조량을 기준으로 하는 것인, 조성물.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 리그닌 및 셀룰로스를 포함하는 잔류물은 축합 생성물의 형성 동안 존재하며, 상기 잔류물은 바이오매스의 초임계 가수분해로부터 수득되는 것인 조성물.
- 제13항에 있어서, 상기 리그닌 및 셀룰로스를 포함하는 잔류물은 축합 생성물의 형성 동안 존재하며, 상기 잔류물은
약 140℃ 내지 약 280℃의 온도에서 크기가 감소된 바이오매스에 열수 처리를 수행함으로써 고형분 분획을 형성하는 단계;
선택적으로 고형분 분획의 크기를 추가로 감소시키는 단계; 및
온도가 약 300℃ 내지 약 550℃인 고온압축수를 이용하여 선택적으로 크기가 추가로 감소된 고형분 분획의 적어도 일부분을 처리함으로써 잔류물을 형성하는 단계
를 포함하는 공정에 의해 수득되는 것인 조성물. - 제12항에 있어서, 상기 조성물은 목재 접착제인 조성물.
- 제19항의 경화된 목재 접착제.
- 제20항의 상기 경화된 목재 접착제를 포함하는 합판.
- 제20항의 상기 경화된 목재 접착제를 포함하는 배향성 스트랜드보드.
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US62/056,072 | 2014-09-26 | ||
PCT/US2015/052438 WO2016049569A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2015-09-25 | Adhesive compositions comprising type-ii cellulose |
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