KR20150022874A - Cognitive radio system, resource allocation apparatus thereof and method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

Cognitive radio system, its resource allocation apparatus and method thereof are disclosed. The resource allocation apparatus comprising: a transmission opportunity evaluation device used for evaluating the availability of transmission opportunities of the radio resources of the primary communication system; a transmission opportunity estimation device for each secondary user of the perceived radio system, - a transmission opportunity selection vector includes information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available, and a transmission device used for distributing a transmission opportunity selection vector to a secondary user .

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a cognitive radio system, a cognitive radio system, a resource allocating apparatus and a method thereof,

The present disclosure relates to the field of cognitive radio, and more particularly, to a cognitive radio system as well as a device and method for resource allocation in a cognitive radio system and a device and method for utilizing the resource.

Due to the growing demand for wireless multimedia services from users, limited radio resources are becoming especially rare, and communication technologies are being pushed to develop rapidly towards more efficient and efficient use of wireless resources. However, the fixed spectrum allocation strategy adopted today can not allow the authorized spectrum to be fully used by the primary user of the main communication network (the wireless user holding the usage right for the authorized spectrum) It becomes the bottleneck for. Under these circumstances, cognitive radio technology emerged as the age demanded. The function of the cognitive radio is to allow sub-users of the sub-communication network (wireless users who do not have the right to use the authorized spectrum) to interact with the wireless environment in which they are located, to discover more available spectrum resources, And to dynamically change its operating parameters in order to limit the impact on the main user within a limited range.

In the cognitive radio technology, the usage patterns of the authorized spectrum exhibit complex randomness to the minor user due to lack of information on the spectrum allocation for the main user so that the secondary user of the secondary communication system achieves effective resource utilization for the authorized spectrum It is difficult to do.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a resource allocation apparatus and method, a resource utilization apparatus and method, and a cognitive radio system that applies the apparatuses and methods to allocate resources to a secondary user in a cognitive radio system at high speed and effectively do.

In the following, a brief overview of the present disclosure will be given in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the disclosure. However, this summary is not an exhaustive description of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the essential or important components or ranges of this disclosure, but merely for the purpose of presenting some concepts of the present disclosure in a simplified form , And serves as an introduction to more detailed descriptions that will be presented later.

According to an aspect of this disclosure, there is provided a resource allocation apparatus for a cognitive radio system, comprising: a transmission opportunity evaluation device configured to evaluate availability of transmission opportunities of radio resources of a primary communication system; A vector generating device configured to set a transmit opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the cognitive radio system, the transmit opportunity vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmit opportunities evaluated as available, and a transmit opportunity vector And a transmitting device configured to transmit to the secondary user.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of allocating resources in a cognitive radio system, the method comprising the steps of evaluating availability of transmission opportunities in radio resources of a primary communication system, Setting a transmission opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the radio system, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available, and transmitting the transmission opportunity selection vector to a secondary user .

According to another aspect of the present disclosure there is provided a resource utilization apparatus for a cognitive radio system, the apparatus comprising a receiving device configured to receive a transmission opportunity selection vector for a secondary user, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising a plurality of available transmission opportunities - detecting each transmit opportunity assessed as available in the transmit opportunity selection vector to determine if the transmit opportunity is currently available and, if yes, determining that the transmit opportunity is available for data transmission Or otherwise detect the next transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector until an available transmission opportunity is found, or until there is no selectable transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector Device.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of using resources of a cognitive radio system, the method comprising: receiving a transmission opportunity selection vector for a secondary user, the transmission opportunity selection vector identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities - detecting each available transmission opportunity included in the transmission opportunity selection vector to determine if the transmission opportunity is currently available, if so, the transmission opportunity is determined for the data transmission Determines that it is available or otherwise sequentially senses the next transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector until an available transmission opportunity is found, or until there is no selectable transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector .

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a cognitive radio system including the above-described resource allocation device and resource utilization device.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of resource allocation and utilization of a cognitive radio system is also provided, including the resource allocation method and the resource utilization method described above.

The present disclosure also provides a computer program for implementing the methods described above.

The present disclosure also provides a computer program product in the form of at least computer-readable media having recorded thereon computer program codes for implementing the methods described above.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure may be more readily understood by reference to the description of embodiments of the disclosure given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, merely for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present disclosure. In the drawings, the same or similar technical features or components are indicated by the same or similar reference numerals.
1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a perceived radio communication operation;
2 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a resource allocation method in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
3 is a schematic flow chart showing an example of a method for evaluating availability of a transmission opportunity.
4 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a method of using resources in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of resource partitioning in a cognitive radio network;
6 is a schematic diagram showing an application example in which a resource allocation method according to the present disclosure is applied to an initialization research procedure;
7 is a schematic diagram showing an application example in which the resource allocation method according to the present disclosure is applied to an actual data transmission procedure.
8 is a schematic flow chart showing an example of calculating a transmission opportunity selection matrix.
9 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a resource allocation apparatus in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a resource utilization apparatus in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

In the following, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The elements and features described in the figures or in one embodiment of the present disclosure may be combined with the elements and features shown in one or more of the other drawings or the examples. For clarity, it should be noted that the representation and description of components and processing known to those skilled in the art, which are less relevant to this disclosure, are omitted from the accompanying drawings and description.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a resource allocation apparatus and method, a resource utilization apparatus and method, and a cognitive radio system that uses the apparatuses and methods to allocate resources quickly and effectively to a secondary user in a cognitive radio system .

To better understand the embodiments of the present disclosure, the applications to which embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied will be briefly described below. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a cognitive radio communication network;

1, the cognitive radio network 100 includes a main network 110 and further includes one or more subnetworks such as subnetworks 120, 130, and 140 shown in FIG. The primary network 110 includes a primary user (PU) 112 (circle as shown in Figure 1) and a primary base station (PBS) 111 (a diamond block as shown in Figure 1) ). Each sub-network includes a secondary user (SU) (rectangular blocks 122, 132 and 142 as shown in FIG. 1) and a secondary base station (SBS) Blocks 121, 131, and 141).

The primary user is authorized to use the spectrum authorized under the coordination of the primary base station. The transmission of each node (primary user and primary base station) of the primary network is either not allowed to interfere with the signal from each node (sub user and secondary base station) of the secondary network, or the interference received is within an acceptable range . The primary network nodes do not have a cognitive radio function and therefore the primary network nodes must ensure that they can operate normally without being aware of the existence of the secondary network.

The secondary network uses the authorized spectrum of the primary network only when the effect on the primary network nodes from the signals of the secondary network nodes is within a limited range. The use of spectrums by the secondary user can generally be managed by the secondary base station. The secondary network nodes have cognitive radio functions, which mainly include spectrum sensing and analysis, spectrum management and switching, spectrum allocation and sharing, and the like.

A cognitive radio network may include one or more subnetworks. When a plurality of subnetworks share a spectrum, a spectrum coordinator (SC) is generally used for management. For example, in the example of a cognitive radio network as shown in Fig. 1, a spectrum coordinator 150 (triangle as shown in Fig. 1) for performing spectral resource coordination between subnetworks is included. The spectrum coordinator collects operation information of each subnetwork and performs resource allocation, thereby realizing efficient and fair resource sharing among subnetworks. There is no direct information interaction between the primary and secondary networks in order to allow secondary networks to improve the ease of distribution and flexibility. The secondary network nodes coordinate the resources used and the associated system configuration by sensing, detecting, and monitoring the granted spectrum to realize sharing of resources without affecting the primary network nodes.

In the method and apparatus for allocating resources of a cognitive radio system according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, it is possible to determine the availability of each radio resource to be evaluated by a secondary user in the future (whether it is possible to successfully perform data transmission using radio resources ) Is predicted according to the history information of the usage condition of the permitted spectrum sensed by the secondary network, and guided to select the secondary user to realize effective allocation of resources.

In embodiments in accordance with the present disclosure, there is an evaluation of the availability of radio resources by the secondary user. The radio resources are divided into units of transmission opportunity (TO). The transmission opportunity referred to herein means a subset of the main system resources, which may include one or more allocation units of main system resources. For example, in an FDMA network, one transmission opportunity may correspond to one frequency band or a set of frequency bands, and in a TDMA network, one transmission opportunity corresponds to one time slot or a set of time slots, In an OFDM network, one transmission opportunity corresponds to one resource block or a set of resource blocks (RBs).

2 is a flow diagram illustrating a resource allocation method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; The resource allocation method may be implemented by a secondary base station of the secondary network, or may be implemented by a spectrum coordinator in the case of a plurality of secondary networks.

As shown in FIG. 2, the method of resource allocation includes steps 202, 204, and 206.

Specifically, at step 202, the availability of transmission opportunities in the radio resources of the primary communication system is evaluated.

The availability of the transmission opportunity referred to herein is a feature value for indicating whether the transmission opportunity is available to the secondary user. It may be used to characterize usage patterns for the authorized spectrum by the primary and secondary networks.

By way of example, the availability of a transmission opportunity may be represented by at least one of contiguous idle time duration (CITD) statistics, a transmission result estimate, and a transmission opportunity selection probability. The continuous idle time period statistics indicate a continuous time length while the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity is not used by the main network and the transmission result evaluation amount indicates the data transmission in the frequency band corresponding to each transmission opportunity , And the transmission opportunity selection probability indicates a probability that the secondary user selects a transmission opportunity and succeeds in transmission.

As an example, the continuous idle time period statistics of the transmission opportunity can be calculated as a feature value that reflects the availability of the transmission opportunity. The continuous idle time duration statistics of the transmission opportunity can be represented by one or more of the following parameters: (1) the average time duration of consecutive idle time periods of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located within the past predetermined time period; (2) a time length of a continuous idle time period having a maximum occurrence probability of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past; (3) a length of time of a continuous idle time period in which a corresponding point in time of a frequency band in which the current transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past is located (if the current transmission opportunity is used by the primary network, , Such time statistics may be sensed by the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station, or may be sensed by each secondary user and reported to the secondary base station or the spectrum coordinator to perform statistics; And (4) the number of accumulated consecutive idle time periods of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past.

As an example, the transmission result estimate of the transmission opportunity may also be calculated as a feature value that reflects the availability of the transmission opportunity. The transmission result evaluation amount can be defined as the number of times that the secondary user successfully performs data transmission in the frequency band corresponding to each transmission opportunity within a predetermined time period before the point corresponding to the current transmission opportunity. As a variation, the transmission result estimation amount is set such that, in a frequency band corresponding to each transmission opportunity, a sub-user transmits data to the sub-user in a predetermined time period before a point in time corresponding to the current transmission opportunity, Can be normalized as a ratio of the number of times the transmission is successfully performed. Information on whether data transmission is successful with respect to the transmission opportunity performed by the secondary user is fed back to the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station by the secondary user and statistically calculated by the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station.

As an example, the transmission opportunity selection probability can also be calculated according to the transmission result evaluation amount described above. The transmission opportunity selection probability changes with the change of the transmission result evaluation amount. Specifically, the transmission opportunity selection probability increases as the transmission result estimation amount increases, and decreases as the transmission result estimation amount decreases. The transmission opportunity selection probability can be calculated using, for example, the method described with reference to Equation (15), (28), or (29) below, and will not be described in detail here.

3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a specific example of availability assessment of a transmission opportunity. As shown in FIG. 3, the method may include step 302-1 in which the continuous idle time duration statistics of the transmission opportunity in the past predetermined time period are calculated. Alternatively, the method may further comprise steps 302-2 and 302-3. In step 302-2, for each of the secondary users, the transmission result evaluation amount in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity to be evaluated of the secondary user is calculated. Specifically, as the transmission result evaluation amount of the transmission opportunity, the number of times that the secondary user successfully performs the data transmission can be calculated in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity within the predetermined time period before the current time, or the number of times The ratio of the number of times the data transmission is successful to the total number of attempts by the secondary user to perform the data transmission in the frequency band can be calculated. In step 302-3, the selection probability of the transmission opportunity is calculated according to the transmission result evaluation amount. As another example of a method of evaluating the availability of the transmission opportunity, for each secondary user, the transmission result evaluation amount in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity to be evaluated of the secondary user is calculated as a basis for evaluating the availability of the transmission opportunity . In other words, in this example, the method of evaluating the availability of the transmission opportunity may include only step 302-2 without including step 302-1 of evaluating continuous idle time period statistics.

As a specific example, the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station may store information about the availability of each secondary user's transmission opportunity, and may determine, based on the transmission result fed back by the secondary user, and by the secondary user It is possible to calculate and update information on the availability of the transmission opportunity of each of the sub users according to the detection result of the unselected transmission opportunity.

Thereafter, at step 204, a transmission opportunity selection vector is established for each sub-user of the cognitive radio system according to the availability of each transmission opportunity, and the transmission opportunity selection vector of each sub- And information identifying opportunities (i. E., Transmission opportunities evaluated as available in step 204).

The spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station sets a transmission opportunity selection vector for each secondary user. Information identifying each transmission opportunity may be included in the vector. The information identifying the transmission opportunity referred to herein may be the sequence number of the transmission opportunity or other identifier. As an example, the transmit opportunity selection vector may be a specific permutation of sequence numbers of transmit opportunities (all or part).

For example, when establishing a transmit opportunity selection vector for each sub-user, it is necessary to ensure that the sequence numbers of transmit opportunities are different at the same location of the transmit opportunity selection vectors of each of the sub-users. As such, it is possible to avoid collisions between sub-users (i. E., Different sub-users occupy the same transmission opportunity at the same time) in the selection of a transmission opportunity. Also, for example, when establishing a transmit opportunity selection vector for each sub-user, it is necessary to ensure that the sequence numbers of transmit opportunities are different at different locations of the transmit opportunity selection vector of the same sub-user. As such, it is possible to avoid that the secondary user repeatedly selects the same transmission opportunity multiple times in the transmission opportunity selection phases of one transmission opportunity.

The length of the transmit opportunity selection vector is the number of elements in the vector (i.e., sequence numbers of transmit opportunities). As an example, the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector may be set in consideration of one or more of the following factors: First, a method for selecting a transmission opportunity and its time limit, i.e., selecting a transmission opportunity by a secondary user The upper limit of the total time used shall not exceed the time length of one transmission opportunity; Second, the vector needs to have a certain length, that is, to ensure that the secondary user has sufficient selection opportunities to improve resource utilization; Third, the amount of information must be considered, that is, the bandwidth that is occupied and time delayed when transmitting information to the secondary user should be reduced as much as possible. The length of each transmission opportunity selection vector may be selected according to the actual application conditions, and a specific numerical value will not be limited herein.

As an example, if availability of a transmission opportunity is measured by calculating transmission opportunity probability and / or continuous idle time period statistics using, for example, the method shown in FIG. 3, then the spectrum coordinator or sub- The transmission opportunity selection vector can be set for each of the secondary users according to the selection probability and / or continuous idle time period statistics. In one particular example, the transmission opportunity selection probability can be set as a feature value that measures the availability of the transmission opportunity using the transmission opportunity selection probability. The larger the value of the transmission opportunity selection probability is, the greater the probability that the secondary user selects the transmission opportunity and succeeds in data transmission. In another specific example, the transmit opportunity selection vector may be set as a feature value that measures the availability of the transmit opportunity using continuous idle time duration statistics. The three time parameters representing the continuous idle time duration statistics described above may function differently in the calculation of the transmit opportunity selection vector, for example, when two transmit opportunities have the same transmit opportunity select probability value, It is desirable to have a transmission opportunity with a larger difference between the average time duration of the idle time period and the time duration of the continuous idle time period in which the time corresponding to the current transmission opportunity is located because the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity Is more likely to have a holiday.

After obtaining the transmission opportunity selection vector for the secondary user through computation, in step 206, the spectrum coordinator or secondary base station transmits the generated transmission opportunity selection vector to the corresponding secondary user.

In the embodiments and examples described above, a transmission opportunity selection vector is set for each negative user, that is, a rule is set for selecting a transmission opportunity by the secondary user, and a plurality of Since the transmission opportunities are chosen according to the availability of transmission opportunities for the secondary user, the efficiency of selecting transmission resources by the secondary user is improved and the resource utilization is improved.

Also, as described above, by way of example, the transmit opportunity selection vector may only include sequence numbers of transmit opportunities evaluated as available for the secondary user, and thus transmission of the transmit opportunity selection vector may result in only fewer transmit resources Occupies and generates less time delay.

As an example, the information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector may be arranged in order based on the availability values of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available. In this way, the secondary user desirably selects a transmission opportunity with a higher availability value according to the rank of each transmission opportunity in the vector, thereby further reducing the time spent in the selection, and the resource selection efficiency can be further improved.

As another example, at the same corresponding locations of the transmission opportunity selection vectors selected for different sub-users, the components (i. E. Identification information of available transmission opportunities) are different from each other, It is possible to avoid.

A method for assigning transmission resources to secondary users by a spectrum coordinator or a secondary base station in accordance with embodiments or examples of the present disclosure has been described above. Some embodiments and examples of how to select a transmission opportunity in accordance with the transmission opportunity selection vector received at the secondary user side in accordance with the present disclosure will be described below.

4 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating a method of using resources in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; The resource utilization method is implemented on the sub user side.

As shown in FIG. 4, the method includes steps 412 and 414.

At step 412, the secondary user receives the transmission opportunity selection vector used for the secondary user from the spectrum coordinator or secondary base station. The transmit opportunity selection vector includes a plurality of transmit opportunity components, each transmit opportunity component being a candidate transmit opportunity (i. E., A transmit opportunity evaluated as available by the spectrum coordinator or a secondary base station, Referred to as " identification information ").

As an example, the transmit opportunity selection vector may be a permutation of sequence numbers of a plurality of transmit opportunities evaluated as available, e.g., such permutations are orders based on availability values of transmit opportunities. A detailed description and specific examples of the transmission opportunity selection vector are given in the above-described embodiments and examples, and will not be repeated here.

Thereafter, at step 414, the secondary user selects a transmission opportunity from a plurality of available estimated transmission opportunities included in the transmission opportunity selection vector, and detects the selected transmission opportunity to determine if the transmission opportunity is currently available (I. E., Senses that a transmission opportunity is currently being used by the primary network). If yes (i.e., if the transmission opportunity is currently detected as idle), then the transmission opportunity is used to perform the data transmission. Otherwise, the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector is sensed. If it is detected that all transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector are not currently available, the secondary user does not perform data transmission at this time.

As one specific example, the information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector may be arranged in order based on the availability values of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available. Thus, at step 414, the secondary user may first detect an available estimated transmission opportunity corresponding to the highest availability value among the plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector, and determine that the transmission opportunity is available , An available transmission opportunity is used to perform the data transmission. Otherwise, the secondary user sequentially senses the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector.

It is assumed that the time taken by the secondary user to complete the selection and sensing operation for the available transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector is referred to as a transmission opportunity selection unit (SeU). One selection and sensing operation includes sensing a frequency band corresponding to a particular transmission opportunity and detecting whether the frequency band is occupied. The number of transmission opportunity selection units used by the secondary user is equal to the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector. At the beginning of each transmission opportunity selection unit, the secondary user senses a transmission opportunity corresponding to the element at the corresponding position in the transmission opportunity selection vector, and if the detection result indicates that the transmission opportunity is available, Phase, and if the detection result indicates that the transmission opportunity is not available, the secondary user detects and detects the transmission opportunity corresponding to the next element in the transmission opportunity selection vector at the beginning of the next transmission opportunity selection unit. If an available transmission opportunity is not found after repeating this until an available transmission opportunity is found for switching to the data transmission phase or after attempting for all transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector, Lt; / RTI >

As an example, the resource utilization method shown in FIG. 4 may further include step 416. [ At step 416, the secondary user feeds back the transmission result information about the data transmission using the transmission opportunity.

As a specific example, the transmission result information fed back by the secondary user includes a transmission result vector and / or a transmission result value. The transmission result vector includes information indicating whether each transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector is available to the secondary user and / or the data transmission is successful. The transmission result value indicates the location of the transmission opportunity used by each secondary user in the transmission opportunity selection vector, and if the value is less than the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector, the selected transmission opportunity is determined by querying the transmission opportunity selection vector And the value is not less than the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector, it can be determined that the secondary user has not found an available transmission opportunity.

As a specific example, the timing at which the secondary user feedbacks the information may be determined according to the feedback channel. For example, the dedicated feedback channel may be used to perform feedback immediately after the secondary user has determined the transmission opportunity. Also, for example, for a secondary user who has obtained an available transmission opportunity, the acquired resources may be used to perform feedback after data transmission, whereas a secondary user who fails to obtain an available transmission opportunity may use the transmission opportunity After completing the selection, some dedicated feedback channels are used to perform the feedback.

When the secondary base station receives information from the spectrum coordinator about transmission opportunities that can not be selected by the secondary user, the secondary base station determines whether these transmission opportunities are used by the primary system in the transmission opportunity selection stage Detection.

Some application examples of resource allocation and utilization methods according to the present disclosure will be described below with reference to Figs. 5 to 8. Fig.

라고 각각 기재되는 N_SBS 개의 부 기지국들,

라고 각각 기재되는 N_SU 명의 부 사용자들을 포함한다고 가정한다.In these examples, the system of the cognitive radio network comprises one spectrum coordinator, denoted SC;

N _SBS sub-base stations,

Quot ;, and " N _SU "

라고 각각 기재되는 N_CH 개의 채널들을 포함하고; 하나의 타임 슬롯의 길이가 T_ts라고 기재되고; 시간 축이 타임 슬롯들에 의해 분할되고, 시간 변수가

로서 기재되고, 하나의 송신 기회가 하나의 채널의 하나의 타임 슬롯을 포함한다고 가정한다. 따라서, t-번째 타임 슬롯에서, 송신 기회는 채널 시퀀스 번호에 의해 식별된다(이후, 본 명세서에서 채널 시퀀스 번호와 송신 기회 시퀀스 번호는 동일하다).5 shows an example of resource partitioning of a cognitive radio network. The resources of the perceived radio network are divided according to the example shown in Fig. 5,

&_Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > _NCH < / RTI > The length of one time slot is described as T _ts ; If the time axis is divided by time slots and the time variable is

And it is assumed that one transmission opportunity includes one time slot of one channel. Thus, in the t-th time slot, the transmission opportunity is identified by the channel sequence number (hereinafter, the channel sequence number and the transmission opportunity sequence number are the same).

In this example, an evaluation of the availability of the transmission opportunity, calculation of the transmission opportunity selection vector, and transmission of the transmission opportunity selection vector are performed by the spectrum coordinator. The spectrum coordinator performs the above processing at the beginning of each transmission opportunity, and the total used time is described as T _E.

Transmitting in accordance with the opportunity selection vector time used by the unit the user to select a transmission opportunity is described as T _Se, the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector is described as L _SeV, the length of time for selecting a transmission opportunity is T _SeU . The time used for data transmission is described as T _TR , which characterizes the minimum active time that can be used to perform data transmission by the secondary user.

The time used by the secondary user to feed back the transmission result is described as T _F.

The above time setting is merely an example. In practical applications, it is necessary to consider an optimization target of transmission performance for a particular subnetwork transmission protocol and a secondary user, and is not limited to the above example.

은 연속 유휴 시간 기간 통계와 관련된 3 개의 파라미터들: (1) 타임 슬롯 t 전의 채널 CH_j에서의 연속 유휴 시간 기간들의 평균 시간 길이로서 정의되는

; (2) 타임 슬롯 t-1에서 채널 CH_j에서의 연속 유휴 시간 기간의 시간 길이로서 정의되는

, 타임 슬롯 t-1에서 채널 CH_j가 주 네트워크에 의해 이용되었다면, 이 값은 0임; 및 (3) 타임 슬롯 t 전에 채널 CH_j에서 축적된 연속 유휴 시간 기간들의 개수로서 정의되는

을 갖는다고 가정한다.Also,

Are three parameters related to the consecutive idle time period statistic: which is defined as the average time length of consecutive idle time period in the (1) time slot t channel CH _j before

; (2) a time slot t-1, which is defined as the time period of continuous idle time period in the channel CH _j in

, If in a timeslot t-1 is the channel CH _j used by the primary network, and the value is 0; And (3) of timeslot t is defined as the number of consecutive idle time period stored in the channel CH _j before

.

전의 부 사용자

에 의한 채널

에 대한 송신 결과 평가량은 d_{i ,j}(t)로 표현될 수 있다. 부 사용자 SU_i가 타임 슬롯 t 전에 채널 CH_j를 선택하는 횟수가 z_{i ,j}(t)이고, 채널 CH_j를 이용하여 데이터 송신이 성공적인 횟수가 W_i,j(t)라고 가정한다. z_{i ,j}(t)≠0이면, 송신 결과 평가량 d_{i ,j}(t)는 다음의 수학식을 이용하여 산출될 수 있다.Time slot

Previous negative user

Channel by

(T) can be expressed as d _{i , j} (t). It is assumed that the user unit SU _i, the time slot before t the number of times of selecting a channel CH _j z _{i, j (t),} using the channel CH _j is the number of times the data transmission is successful W _{i, j} (t). If z _{i , j} (t)? 0, the transmission result evaluation amount d _{i , j} (t) can be calculated using the following equation.

(1)

(One)

로서 표현되는 벡터로서 구성될 수 있다. 타임 슬롯 t 전의 모든 부 사용자들의 송신 결과 평가량들은 다음의 수학식을 이용하여 표현될 수 있는 행렬 D(t)로서 구성될 수 있다.The transmission result estimates for all channels of sub-user SU _i before time slot t

As shown in FIG. The transmission result estimates of all the sub-users before time slot t may be constructed as a matrix D (t) that can be expressed using the following equation:

(2)

(2)

, 및

로서 표현되는 벡터로서 구성될 수 있다. 타임 슬롯 t에서 모든 부 사용자들의 송신 기회 선택 확률들은 다음의 수학식에 의해 표현될 수 있는 행렬 P(t)로서 구성될 수 있다.The probability of transmission opportunity selection for channel CH _j by sub-user SU _i in timeslot t may be expressed as p _{i , j} (t); The transmission opportunity selection probabilities for all channels in time slot t are

, And

As shown in FIG. The transmission opportunity selection probabilities of all the secondary users in the time slot t may be configured as a matrix P (t) that can be expressed by the following equation.

(3)

(3)

로서 표현될 수 있고,

이고, -1은 선택가능한 송신 기회가 없다는 것을 나타내고,

는 채널의 시퀀스 번호에 대응한다. 타임 슬롯 t에서 모든 부 사용자들의 송신 기회 선택 벡터들은 다음의 수학식에 의해 표현될 수 있는 선택 행렬 S(t)로서 구성될 수 있다.The transmit opportunity selection vector of sub-user SU _i in time slot t is

, ≪ / RTI >

, -1 indicates that there is no selectable transmission opportunity,

Corresponds to the sequence number of the channel. The transmission opportunity selection vectors of all the sub-users in time slot t may be constructed as a selection matrix S (t) that can be expressed by the following equation.

(4)

(4)

로서 표현될 수 있고,

는 송신 기회

가 부 사용자 SU_i에게 가용인지를 나타내고, 1은 가용임을 나타내고, 0은 가용이지 않음을 나타낸다. 타임 슬롯 t에서 부 사용자 SU_i의 송신 결과 값은

로서 기재되는데, 이것은 송신 기회 선택 벡터 내의 부 사용자 SU_i의 가용의 송신 기회의 위치를 나타내고, 그 값이 L_SeV-1을 초과하지 않으면, 그것은 가용의 송신 기회의 시퀀스 번호가

임을 의미하고, 그 값이 L_SeV이면, 그것은 가용의 송신 기회가 없다는 것을 의미한다.The transmission result vector of sub-user SU _i in time slot t is

, ≪ / RTI >

Transmission opportunity

Is available to the secondary user SU _i , 1 indicates availability, and 0 indicates not available. The transmission result value of the sub-user SU _i in the time slot t is

, _Which indicates the location of the available transmission opportunity of the secondary user SU _{i in} the transmission opportunity selection vector and if the value does not exceed L _SeV -1 it indicates that the sequence number of the available transmission opportunity is

, _And if the value is L _SeV , it means that there is no available transmission opportunity.

An example in which the cognitive radio system applies the method according to the present disclosure to initialization studies will now be described with reference to FIG. The initialization study phase can occur at the start or restart of the cognitive radio system.

The time variable is initialized as t = 0. It is also assumed that the time length of the initialization research phase is T _L (in units of time slots) (as shown in FIG. 5).

First, in step 620, the continuous idle time period statistics and the transmission result evaluation amount are initialized.

이다.Each parameter of the continuous idle time duration statistics of channel CH _j is initialized as zero,

to be.

Part user SU _i is the number of times to select the channel CH _j Z _{i, j (0),} using the channel CH _j is the data transmission successful number Z _{i, j (0),} and transmits the result pyeonggaryang d _{i, j} (t ) each of which is initialized as zero, and that _{is, Z i, j (0)} = 0, W i, j (0) = 0, d i, j (t) = 0.

When the time slot t does not reach T _L (i.e., 0 < t < T _L ), the operations of the following steps 622, 624, 626 and 628 are performed cyclically in time slot t.

Alternatively, at this stage, the transmission opportunity selection probability may also be initialized. As an example, the transmission opportunity selection probability can be initialized using the method described with reference to Equation (15) below.

Thereafter, at step 622, the spectrum coordinator updates the continuous idle time period statistics and the transmission result estimate.

If this is the first time to enter the loop (ie, t = 0), this action is ignored; After receiving the transmission result vector R _i (t-1) from the negative user, the spectrum coordinator determines the state of use of the secondary user for each transmission opportunity and determines the continuous idle time period statistics And the transmission result evaluation amount. The method of judgment will satisfy the following two conditions in turn.

내의 가용으로서 레이블된 모든 송신 기회들은 다음과 같이 기재된 집합을 구성한다고 가정한다. Condition 1: All transmission result vectors

It is assumed that all transmission opportunities labeled as availability in the following constitute a set described as follows.

에 대해, 그것이 복수의 부 사용자들의 송신 결과 벡터들에서 가용으로서 레이블되었다면, 즉,

이면, 송신 기회 선택 벡터 내에서 그 송신 기회의 위치가 맨 앞에 있는 부 사용자가 그 송신 기회를 획득하며, 즉,

이다. 다른 부 사용자들 SU_i의 송신 결과 벡터들 R_i(t-1)에 대해, 이 송신 기회는 가용이지 않은 것으로서 레이블된다.Any transmission opportunity

If it has been labeled as available in the transmission result vectors of a plurality of negative users,

, The sub-user with the position of the transmission opportunity in front of the transmission opportunity vector in the transmission opportunity vector obtains the transmission opportunity,

to be. For transmission result vectors R _i (t-1) of other sub-users SU _i , this transmission opportunity is labeled as not available.

이면, 그것은 이 부 사용자에 대해 복수의 가용의 송신 기회들이 있다는 것을 나타내고, 송신 기회 선택 벡터 내의 맨 앞에 있는 위치의 송신 기회는 부 사용자에게 가용으로서 간주되며, 즉,

이고, 부 사용자의 송신 결과 벡터 R_i(t-1) 내의 다른 송신 기회들은 가용적이지 않은 것으로서 레이블된다. 이때, 모든 송신 결과 벡터들

내의 가용으로서 레이블된 모든 송신 기회들은 다음과 같이 기재된 집합을 형성한다.If the number of zero elements exceeds 1, that is, - after filtering through the first condition, for any user unit SU _i, the non-included in its transmission result vector R _i (t-1): condition 2

, It indicates that there are a plurality of available transmission opportunities for this secondary user and the transmission opportunity of the first position in the transmission opportunity selection vector is considered available to the secondary user,

, And other transmission opportunities in the transmission result vector R _i (t-1) of the secondary user are labeled as not available. At this time, all transmission result vectors

All transmission opportunities labeled as availability in the &lt; / RTI &gt;

는 부 사용자에 의해 이용되는 송신 기회들의 집합이다. 주 시스템에 의해 사용되지 않고 또한 부 사용자에 의해 사용되지 않은 부 기지국에 의해 검출된 송신 기회들의 집합은

로서 기재된다. 주 시스템에 의해 사용되지 않는 다른 송신 기회들의 집합은

로서 기재된다.In other words,

Is the set of transmission opportunities used by the secondary user. The set of transmission opportunities detected by the secondary base station not used by the primary system and not used by the secondary user

Lt; / RTI &gt; The other set of transmission opportunities not used by the primary system is

Lt; / RTI &gt;

), 모든 파라미터 값들은, 타임 슬롯 t-2에서도 그 채널이 주 시스템에 의해 이용된 경우, 일정하도록 유지되며(즉,

), 즉,

이다: 채널이 타임 슬롯 t-2에서 주 시스템에 의해 이용되지 않을 경우(즉,

), 다음을 획득하기 위해 재계산이 수행된다:If you can update the consecutive idle time period statistics, channel CH _j is used by the primary system in a timeslot t-1 (i.e.,

), All parameter values remain constant (i.e., if the channel is used by the primary system in timeslot t-2)

), In other words,

: If the channel is not used by the primary system in time slot t-2 (i.e.,

), A recalculation is performed to obtain:

(5)

(5)

(6)

(6)

(7)

(7)

), The channel CH _j if not used by the primary system (i.e.,

),

(8)

(8)

(9)

(9)

(10)

(10)

이고, 한편, (컨디션 2를 이용하여 필터링한 후 획득된 송신 결과 벡터 R_i(t-1) 내의) 선택된 채널 CH_j에 대해, 가용으로서 레이블된 위치가 존재한다면, CH_j는 송신 기회 선택 벡터 S_i(t-1) 내의 이 위치 및 이 위치 전의 모든 위치들에 대한 송신 기회이고, 그렇지 않으면, CH_j는 다음의 수학식에 의해 표현될 수 있는 송신 기회 선택 벡터 S_i(t-1) 내의 모든 송신 기회들이다.When updating the transmission result evaluation amount, the transmission result evaluation amount of the unselected channel for any sub users SU _i is kept constant, that is,

, While for a selected channel CH _j (in the transmission result vector R _i (t-1) obtained after filtering using condition 2), if there is a location labeled as available, then CH _j is the transmission opportunity selection vector Is the transmission opportunity for this position in S _i (t-1) and all positions before this position, otherwise CH _j is the transmission opportunity vector S _i (t-1), which can be represented by the following equation: All transmission opportunities within.

이다; 데이터 송신이 성공적인 송신 기회 CH_j에 대해(즉, 컨디션 2를 이용하여 필터링한 후에 획득된 송신 결과 벡터 R_i(t-1)에서), 가용으로서 레이블된 위치가 존재한다면, CH_j는 선택 벡터 S_i(t-1) 내의 이 위치에 대한 송신 기회로서 레이블되고; 그렇지 않다면, CH_j는 존재하지 않는데, 이것은 다음의 수학식에 의해 표현될 수 있다.The following operations are performed: the number of times of selection in the time slot t is increased by one,

to be; If the data transmission is successful transmission opportunity for CH _j (that is, in the transmission result vector R _i (t-1) obtained after filtering using the condition 2), the label position as available there, CH _j is selected vector Labeled as a transmission opportunity for this position in S _i (t-1); Otherwise, CH _j does not exist, which can be expressed by the following equation.

(12)

(12)

The number of times is increased by one, otherwise, the number of times remains the same,

(13)

(13)

Finally, the transmission result evaluation amount is calculated using the above equation.

(14)

(14)

At step 624, the spectrum coordinator performs the calculation and transmission of the transmit opportunity selection vector.

로서 표현된다.In the initialization study phase (T _L ), the secondary user acquires usage patterns of the primary network resources only through research and will not be used to perform actual data transmission, even if the available resources are found. Therefore, the total transmission opportunity is used for research as much as possible, so the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector can be set as an upper limit, i.e. the entire time slot except for T _E and T _F , Is used,

.

The requirement for the setting of the transmit opportunity selection matrix S (t) is: to ensure that the value of each negative user in each transmit opportunity selection unit is one of a sequence number or -1 (indicating that there is no selectable transmit opportunity) To do; Ensuring that the non-negative elements in the same column are different from each other in order to avoid cross-collisions when the secondary user performs the transmission opportunity selection; Ensuring that non-negative elements within the same row are different from each other, i. E., At least once, for each non-negative element in the selection vector of any secondary user to reduce redundancy; At time T _L , the number of selectable transmission opportunities for each sub-user is T _L x L _SeV , and the number of times that any sub-user selects each channel exceeds a preset larger positive integer N _th , And ensuring that the secondary user knows enough information about the usage pattern of each channel.

As an example of a method of calculating the transmission opportunity selection matrix S (t), a permutation of channel sequence numbers for each of the secondary users is randomly generated as a start column of S (t), and the number of channel sequence numbers is If the number of channel sequence numbers is larger than the number of users (i.e., N _CH < N _SU ), the value for the non-assigned channel sub-user is set to -1, _CH > N _SU ), N _SU channels are first selected from the N _CH channels, and then a permutation is generated randomly. To ensure that each secondary user has a similar selection opportunity on each channel, the newly generated permutation is compared to the previous permutation, and if at least one bit is the same as the previous one, the permutation is regenerated. In one time slot, the above operations are repeated to generate a matrix S (t) of L _SeV columns, and at time T _L , the above operations are repeated to generate T _L different matrices S (t) The cumulative number of times each channel is repeated within each sub-user's sequence exceeds N _th .

As another example of a method of calculating the transmission opportunity selection matrix S (t), a permutation of channel sequence numbers for each of the secondary users is randomly generated as a starting column of S (t), and the number of channel sequence numbers is If the number of channel sequence numbers is larger than the number of users (i.e., N _CH < N _SU ), the value for the non-assigned channel sub-user is set to -1, _CH > N _SU ), then the N _SU channels are randomly selected. The next column changes its selectable channel sequence number from the 0-th minor user so that the 0-th negative user is different from the value of each column in the row (s) before the row located in the matrix, If not, after returning to the previous negative user to make the change, a new permutation is created between the subsequent negative users. In one time slot, the above operations are repeated to generate a matrix S (t) of L _SeV columns, and at time T _L , the above operations are repeated to generate T _L different matrices S (t) The accumulated number of times each channel is repeated within each sub-user's sequence exceeds N _th .

After generating the transmission opportunity selection matrix S (t), each of its rows (i.e., the transmission opportunity selection vector S _i (t)) is transmitted to the corresponding sub-user SU _i .

이고, 모든 송신 기회들의 집합은

이고, 부 사용자에 의해 선택되지 않은 송신 기회들의 집합은

이라고 가정한다. 집합

은 검출을 위해 부 기지국에 송신된다(즉, 이 집합은 부 기지국에 의해 감지 및 검출된 송신 기회들을 포함한다). 물론, 송신 기회 선택 행렬 S(t) 내에 포함된 송신 기회들의 집합이 모든 송신 기회들의 집합과 같을 때, 부 기지국에 할당된 감지용 집합은 널 집합이고, 즉, 임의의 감지 동작을 수행할 필요가 없다는 것을 당업자는 이해할 것이다.The set of transmit opportunities contained within the transmit opportunity selection matrix S (t)

, And the set of all transmission opportunities is

, And the set of transmission opportunities not selected by the secondary user is

. set

Is sent to the secondary base station for detection (i. E., This set includes transmission opportunities detected and detected by the secondary base station). Of course, when the set of transmission opportunities included in the transmission opportunity selection matrix S (t) is equal to the set of all transmission opportunities, the set for sensing assigned to the secondary base station is a null set, that is, It will be understood by those skilled in the art.

At step 626, the secondary user selects a transmission opportunity in accordance with the received transmission opportunity selection vector.

After the secondary user SU _i receives the transmission opportunity selection vector S _i (t), it will enter the transmission opportunity selection phase from the beginning of the 0-th transmission opportunity selection unit. In the initialization phase, the secondary user does not occupy the main network resources to perform data transmission, and therefore, even if the secondary user discovers the available resources, it can not guarantee that this discovery is transit over other secondary users. Thus, the secondary user SU _i tries at each transmission opportunity in the vector S _i (t) in the transmission opportunity selection phase to generate the transmission result vector R _i (t).

내의 송신 기회들을 감지하고,

으로서 기재되는 주 시스템에 의해 이용되지 않는 송신 기회들의 집합을 검출하고, 그것을 스펙트럼 코디네이터에게 피드백한다.At the same time,

Lt; / RTI &gt;

, And feeds it back to the spectrum coordinator.

In step 628, the secondary user feeds back the transmission result information.

를 생성하고,

는 송신 기회 s_{i ,j}(t)가 SU_i에게 가용인지를 지시하고, 1은 가용임을 지시하고, 0은 가용이지 않음을 지시한다. 그 후, 송신 결과 벡터 R_i(t)가 스펙트럼 코디네이터에 피드백된다.The sub-user SU _i, in time slot t,

Lt; / RTI &gt;

Indicates that transmission opportunity s _{i , j} (t) is available to SU _i , 1 indicates availability, and 0 indicates not available. Thereafter, the transmission result vector R _i (t) is fed back to the spectrum coordinator.

에 대해, 송신 기회 선택 확률

이 평균 값으로서 설정되며, 즉,As an example of the initialization of the transmission opportunity selection probability,

, The probability of transmission opportunity selection

Is set as an average value, that is,

(15)

(15)

Specific examples of the initialization study phase have been described above. A specific example of the actual data transmission phase after the research phase (time period after T _L as shown in FIG. 5) will be described below with reference to FIG.

), 하기에서 설명되는 단계들 730 내지 738의 동작들은 각각의 타임 슬롯 t에서 순환적으로 수행될 것이다.When time t has reached T _L and does not exceed the total network operating time T _D (i.e.,

), The operations of steps 730 to 738 described below will be performed cyclically in each time slot t.

In step 730, the spectrum coordinator evaluates the availability of the transmission opportunity.

In this step 730, the continuous idle time period statistics and the transmission result estimate can be updated at first.

에 따라 각각의 송신 기회가 부 사용자에게 가용인지가 판단되고, 연속 유휴 시간 기간 통계 및 송신 결과 평가량이 갱신된다.

이면, 그것은 시퀀스 번호

를 갖는 송신 기회가 부 사용자 SU_i에게 가용임을 지시하고, 따라서 부 사용자에 의해 이용될 수 있는 송신 기회들의 집합이

로서 표현될 수 있다. 부 시스템에 의해 사용되지 않고 또한 부 사용자에 의해 사용되지 않은 부 기지국에 의해 검출된 송신 기회들의 집합은

로서 기재될 수 있다. 주 시스템에 의해 사용되는 다른 송신 기회들의 집합은

로서 기재될 수 있다.If this is the first time to enter the loop (ie, t = T _L ), this action is ignored; Otherwise (i.e., t> T _L ), the transmission result value

It is determined whether each transmission opportunity is available to the secondary user, and the continuous idle time period statistics and the transmission result evaluation amount are updated.

, It is a sequence number

Indicates that a transmission opportunity with sub-user SU _i is available to sub-user SU _i , and thus a set of transmission opportunities that can be used by the sub-

. &Lt; / RTI &gt; The set of transmission opportunities detected by the secondary base station not used by the secondary system and not used by the secondary user

&Lt; / RTI &gt; The other set of transmission opportunities used by the primary system is

&Lt; / RTI &gt;

), 모든 파라미터 값들은, 타임 슬롯 t-2에서 이 채널이 주 시스템에 의해 이용되는 경우(즉,

), 일정하도록 유지되며, 즉:If you can update the consecutive idle time period statistics, channel CH _j is used by the primary system in a timeslot t-1 (i.e.,

), All of the parameter values are used when this channel is used by the main system in timeslot t-2 (i.e.,

), Remain constant, i.e.:

(16)

(16)

(17)

(17)

(18)

(18)

), 재계산이 수행되며, 즉:In time slot t-2, if this channel is not used by the primary system (i.e.,

), A recalculation is performed, i.e.:

(19)

(19)

(20)

(20)

(21)

(21)

),The channel CH _j if not used by the primary system (i.e.,

),

(22)

(22)

(23)

(23)

(24)

(24)

이고, 한편, 선택된 채널 CH_j에 대해,

이면(즉, 송신 기회가 가용이라면), CH_j는 선택 벡터 S_i(t-1) 내의 이 위치 및 이 위치 전의 모든 위치들에 대한 송신 기회이고, 그렇지 않으면, CH_j는 다음과 같이 표현될 수 있는 선택 벡터 S_i(t-1) 내의 모든 송신 기회들이다.When updating the transmission result estimate, any sub-users SU _i keep the transmission result estimate of the unselected channel constant, that is,

On the other hand, for the selected channel CH _j ,

( _I. E., If the transmission opportunity is available), CH _j is the transmission opportunity for this position in all of the positions in the selection vector S _i (t-1) and all positions before this position, otherwise CH _j is expressed as Are all transmission opportunities within the selectable vector S _i (t-1).

(25)

(25)

이다; 데이터 송신이 성공적으로 수행될 수 있는 송신 기회 CH_j에 대해,

이면, CH_j는 가용의 송신 기회이고; 그렇지 않다면, CH_j는 존재하지 않는데, 이것은 다음과 같이 표현될 수 있다.The following operations can be performed: the number of times of selection in time slot t is increased by one,

to be; For a transmission opportunity CH _j where data transmission can be successfully performed,

, CH _j is an available transmission opportunity; Otherwise, CH _j does not exist, which can be expressed as:

(26)

(26)

The number of times is increased by one, otherwise, the number of times is kept the same,

(27)

(27)

)를 이용하여 계산된다.Thereafter, the transmission result evaluation amount is calculated by the above-mentioned expression (14)

).

Thereafter, at step 730, the transmission opportunity selection probability may also be updated.

If this is the first time to enter the loop (ie, t = T _L ), this action is ignored; Otherwise (i.e., t > T _L ), the transmission opportunity selection probability is updated according to the transmission result evaluation amount. For the transmission result evaluation amount, the threshold d _th is set. A transmission opportunity where the transmission result estimate exceeds the threshold is compensated while a transmission opportunity where the transmission result estimate does not exceed the threshold is punished. The transmission opportunity selection probability can be updated using the following method: Assuming that the rate of change value is δ, the number of transmission opportunities compensated for is N _re, and the number of transmission opportunities to be punished is N _CH -N _re , For each compensated transmission opportunity, the transmission opportunity selection probability p _{i , j} (t) is assigned as follows.

(28)

(28)

For each punished transmission opportunity, the transmission opportunity selection probability p _{i , j} (t) is assigned as follows.

(29)

(29)

In step 732, the spectrum coordinator computes and transmits the transmit opportunity selection vector.

In the actual data transmission phase, when the sub-user finds an available resource, it is switched to actual data transmission. Therefore, the setting of the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector needs to take into account the time length of actual data transmission.

로서 표현될 수 있다. 그러나, 이 방법에서, 후자의 송신 기회 선택 단위가 송신 기회를 찾더라도, 데이터 송신을 수행할 충분한 시간이 없기 때문에, 결과적으로 유효하지 않은 선택이다. 이에 기초하여, 데이터 송신의 시간 길이는 T_TR로서 정의된다.As an example, the same method as in the initialization transmission phase can be used, i.e., the entire transmission opportunity is used for as much selection as possible, and then the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector can be set as the upper limit, , T _E and T _F are used to perform the transmission opportunity selection,

. &Lt; / RTI &gt; However, in this method, even if the latter transmission opportunity selection unit finds a transmission opportunity, it is an invalid choice as a result because there is not enough time to perform the data transmission. Based on this, the time length of data transmission is defined as T _TR .

As another example, with the exception of times T _E , T _TR , and T _F , the entire timeslot is used to perform transmit opportunity selection; On the other hand, in order to avoid redundant selection for the same transmission opportunity in one selection sequence, the length of L _SeV is set so as not to exceed the total number of transmission opportunities N _CH , i.e.,

(30)

(30)

The requirements for the transmit opportunity selection matrix S (t) are: to ensure that the value of each negative user in each transmit opportunity selection unit is a channel sequence number or -1 (indicating that there is no selectable transmit opportunity); Ensuring that the non-negative elements in the same column are different from each other in order to avoid cross-collisions when the secondary user performs the transmission opportunity selection; Is to ensure that the non-negative elements in the same row are different from each other, i. E., At least once, for each non-negative element in the transmit opportunity selection vector of any secondary user to reduce redundancy.

Fig. 8 shows an example of the calculation of the transmission opportunity selection matrix S (t) according to the continuous idle time period statistics and the transmission opportunity selection probability matrix P (t).

로 할당된다.As shown in Figure 8, at step 840, P (t)

.

In step 842, if an element having the maximum value from the new matrix is selected and there are a plurality of elements having the same maximum value at the same time, a channel satisfying the following condition is selected therefrom.

라고 가정하면, 그것의 대응하는 부 사용자는

이고, 채널은

이고, 행렬 S(t) 내의 부 사용자

가 위치하는 행 내의 0-번째 열의 채널 시퀀스 번호는

로서 레이블되며, 즉,

이고, 이것은

이, 부 사용자

가 시도하기 위해 선택하는 0-번째 채널임을 나타내고,

의 값은 0으로 설정된다.If there are still multiple elements, then one element is randomly selected from them. The selected element

, Its corresponding sub-user is

And the channel is

, And the sub-user in the matrix S (t)

The channel sequence number of the 0 &lt; th &gt;

, I.e.,

, And

In this case,

&Lt; / RTI &gt; is the 0 &lt; th &gt;

Is set to zero.

의 i₁-번째 행과 j₁-번째 열을 제외한 요소들에 대해, 단계 842에서의 방법에 따라 다음 요소

가 선택되고,

로서 레이블된다.

의 값은 0으로 설정된다.In step 844, a new matrix

For the elements other than the i &lt; _{1 &gt}; -th row and the j &lt; _{1 &gt}; -th column of the next element

Is selected,

Lt; / RTI &gt;

Is set to zero.

일 때까지 반복되고, S(t)의 0-번째 열이 요소들로 채워지거나; 또는 채널 시퀀스 번호들의 개수가 부 사용자들의 수보다 작을 때, 즉,

일 때에는, 모든 채널 시퀀스 번호들이 처리되었다. 이때, S(t)에서 채널이 할당되지 않은 부 사용자의 0-번째 열은 -1로 설정된다.At step 846, it is determined whether the 0-th column of S (t) is filled with elements or all channel sequence numbers have been processed. Otherwise, the operations of steps 840 through 844 above are repeated until the number of channel sequence numbers is not less than the number of negative users,

, And the 0-th column of S (t) is filled with elements; Or when the number of channel sequence numbers is less than the number of negative users,

, All channel sequence numbers have been processed. At this time, the 0 &lt; th &gt; column of the sub-user to which the channel is not allocated in S (t) is set to -1.

이 형성될 수 있다. 단계들 840 내지 844는 행렬에 있어서 반복되고, S(t)의 제1 열, 제2 열, L_{SeV - 1} 열까지 순차적으로 생성한다.After steps 840 to 844, a new matrix

Can be formed. Steps 840 to 844 are repeated in the matrix and sequentially generate up to the first column, the second column, and the L _{SeV - 1} column of S (t).

After generating the transmit opportunity selection matrix S (t), each row of the matrix (i.e., the transmit opportunity selection vector Si (t)) is transmitted to the corresponding subuser SU _i .

At step 734, the secondary user selects a transmission opportunity in accordance with the received transmission opportunity selection vector.

After receiving the transmission opportunity selection vector S _i (t), the secondary user SU _i enters the transmission opportunity selection phase at the beginning of the 0-th transmission opportunity selection unit. At the beginning of the 0th transmission opportunity selection unit, the secondary user SU _i senses a transmission opportunity corresponding to the _0th element s _{i , 0} (t) in the selection vector. If the detection result indicates that the transmission opportunity is available, the secondary user immediately switches to the data transmission phase. If the detection result indicates that the transmission opportunity is not available, the secondary user selects Detects the next transmit opportunity in the vector. This is repeated until a particular transmission opportunity is found to switch to the data transmission phase, or after no attempt has been made to find any available transmission opportunities within the transmission opportunity selection vector, and then abandons the attempt.

At step 736, the secondary user utilizes the selected transmission opportunity to perform the data transmission.

After the secondary user SU _i finds an available resource in the transmission opportunity selection phase, it is immediately switched to the data transmission phase to use that resource.

At step 738, the secondary user feeds back information about the transmission result.

임을 지시하고; 그 값이 L_SeV이면, 그것은 가용의 송신 기회가 없음을 의미한다. 부 사용자 SU_i는 부 사용자 SU_i에게 서비스하는 부 기지국에 송신 결과 값을 피드백하기 위해 소정의 피드백 채널을 이용할 수 있고, 그 정보가 부 기지국에 의해 결정을 행하는 스펙트럼 코디네이터에 전송된다.The secondary user SU _i generates the transmission result value of the time slot t. If the value does not exceed L _SeV -1, it indicates that the sequence number of available transmission opportunities is

; If the value is L _SeV , it means that there is no available transmission opportunity. The secondary user SU _i can use a predetermined feedback channel to feed back the transmission result value to the secondary base station servicing the secondary user SU _i and the information is transmitted to the spectrum coordinator making the determination by the secondary base station.

Some embodiments and examples of resource allocation methods and resource utilization methods in accordance with the present disclosure have been described above. A resource allocation apparatus and a resource utilization apparatus according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to Figs. 9 to 10. Fig.

9 is a schematic block diagram showing the structure of a resource allocation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The resource allocation device 900 may be configured on the secondary base station side of the subnetwork, for example, as part of the secondary base station or the spectrum coordinator, or may be configured on the spectrum coordinator side.

9, the resource allocation apparatus 900 includes a transmission opportunity evaluation device 901, a vector generation device 903, and a transmission device 905. [

The transmission opportunity evaluation device 901 is used to evaluate the availability of transmission opportunities of radio resources of the primary communication system.

As with the method embodiments and examples described above, the availability of the transmission opportunity referred to herein is a feature value indicating whether the transmission opportunity is available to the secondary user. It can be used to characterize usage patterns for the spectrum authorized by the primary and secondary networks. For example, the availability of a transmission opportunity may be represented by one or more of: continuous idle time period statistics, a transmission result estimate, and a transmission opportunity selection probability. The continuous idle time period statistics indicate a continuous time length in which the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity is not used by the main network and the transmission result evaluation amount indicates that the secondary user succeeds in data transmission in the frequency band corresponding to each transmission opportunity And the transmission opportunity selection probability indicates a probability that the secondary user selects the transmission opportunity.

As an example, the transmission opportunity evaluation device 901 may calculate the continuous idle time duration statistics of the transmission opportunity as a feature value that reflects the availability of the transmission opportunity. The continuous idle time period statistics of the transmission opportunity can be represented by one or more of the following parameters: (1) the average time duration of continuous idle time periods of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located in the past predetermined time period; (2) a time length of a continuous idle time period having a maximum occurrence probability of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past; (3) a length of time of a continuous idle time period in which a corresponding point in time of a frequency band in which the current transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past is located (if the current transmission opportunity is used by the primary network, , This time statistics may be sensed by the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station, or may be sensed by each secondary user and reported to the secondary base station or the spectrum coordinator for performance of the statistics; And (4) the number of accumulated consecutive idle time periods of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located within a predetermined time period of the past.

As an example, the transmission opportunity evaluation device 901 may also calculate the transmission result estimate of the transmission opportunity as a feature value that reflects the availability of the transmission opportunity. The transmission result evaluation amount can be defined as the number of times that the secondary user successfully performs data transmission in the frequency band corresponding to each transmission opportunity within a predetermined time period before the point corresponding to the current transmission opportunity. As a variation, the transmission opportunity evaluation device 901 may be configured to estimate the transmission result estimate to the total number of times a sub-user attempts to transmit data within a predetermined time period before a point corresponding to the current transmission opportunity, Can be normalized as a ratio of the number of times the sub-user successfully performs data transmission in the corresponding frequency band. Information on whether data transmission is successful with respect to a transmission opportunity by the secondary user is fed back from the secondary user to the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station and statistically calculated by the spectrum coordinator or the secondary base station.

As an example, the transmission opportunity evaluation device 901 can also calculate the transmission opportunity selection probability according to the transmission result evaluation amount. The transmission opportunity selection probability changes with the change of the transmission opportunity estimation amount. Specifically, the transmission opportunity selection probability increases as the transmission result estimation amount increases, and decreases as the transmission result estimation amount decreases. The transmission opportunity selection probability can be calculated using, for example, the method described with reference to Equation (15), (28) or (29) or FIG. 3 below, .

Vector generation device 903 is used to set a transmit opportunity selection vector for each sub-user of the perceptual radio system according to the availability of each transmit opportunity, and the transmit opportunity selection vector of each sub-user is evaluated as available And includes information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities. Vector generating device 903 may use the methods described in each of the above embodiments and examples to generate a transmit opportunity selection vector and will not be repeated here.

When setting the transmission opportunity selection vector for each secondary user, the vector generation device 903 needs to ensure that the sequence numbers of the transmission opportunities are different at the same location of the transmission opportunity selection vectors of each of the secondary users. As such, it is possible to avoid collisions between sub-users (i.e., different sub-users occupying the same transmission opportunity at the same time) in the transmission opportunity selection. Also, for example, when setting up a transmit opportunity selection vector for each secondary user, vector generation device 903 ensures that the sequence numbers of transmit opportunities are different at different locations of the same secondary user's transmit opportunity selection vector It is necessary. As such, it is possible to avoid that the secondary user repeatedly selects the same transmission opportunity multiple times in the transmission opportunity selection phase of one transmission opportunity.

After the vector generating device 903 has obtained the transmission opportunity selection vector for the secondary user through calculation, the transmitting device 905 transmits the generated transmission opportunity selection vector to the corresponding secondary user.

In the above embodiments and examples, a transmission opportunity selection vector is set for each sub-user, that is, a rule is set for selecting a transmission opportunity by a secondary user, and a plurality of transmission opportunities Is selected according to the availability of transmission opportunities for the secondary user, the efficiency of selecting the transmission resource by the secondary user is improved and the resource utilization rate is improved.

Also, by way of example, the transmit opportunity selection vector may only include sequence numbers of transmit opportunities that are evaluated as available for the secondary user, and thus the transmission of the transmit opportunity vector may occupy only a small number of transmit resources, Only.

As an example, the information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector may be arranged in order based on the availability values of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available. In this manner, the secondary user desirably selects a transmission opportunity with a higher availability value according to the rank of each transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the vector, thereby further reducing the time spent in the selection, Can be improved.

As another example, the transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the same corresponding locations of the transmission opportunity selection vectors selected for different secondary users are different from each other, and thus it is possible to avoid transmission conflicts between respective secondary users.

As a specific example, the resource allocation device 900 may store information about the availability of each sub-user's transmission opportunity (e.g., on a storage device (not shown)), Information on the availability of each sub-user's transmission opportunity can be calculated and updated according to the result of the feedback transmission, and the detection result of the transmission opportunity not selected by the secondary user from the secondary base station during resource allocation.

10 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a resource utilization apparatus in a cognitive radio system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; The resource utilization apparatus 1000 may be provided on the side of the secondary user, for example, as part of the secondary user equipment.

10, the resource utilization apparatus 1000 includes a reception device 1001 and a sensing device 1003. [

The receiving device 1001 is used to receive a transmission opportunity selection vector for the secondary user from the spectrum coordinator or secondary base station. As described above, the transmission opportunity selection vector includes information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available.

As an example, the transmission opportunity selection vector may be a permutation of sequence numbers of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available, and such permutation is an order based on the availability values of each transmission opportunity evaluated as available. The above-described embodiments or examples have provided detailed descriptions and specific examples of transmission opportunity selection vectors and will not be repeated here.

The sensing device 1003 then selects a transmission opportunity from a plurality of available estimated transmission opportunities included in the transmission opportunity selection vector and determines whether the transmission opportunity is currently available, (I. E., Detects that the transmission opportunity is currently being used by the primary network). If yes (i.e., if the transmission opportunity is currently idle), the secondary user uses the transmission opportunity to perform the data transmission. Otherwise, the sensing device 1003 senses the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector. If it is detected that all transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector are not currently available, the secondary user does not perform data transmission at this time.

In one particular example, the information identifying a plurality of available transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector may be arranged in order based on availability values of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available. Accordingly, the sensing device 1003 may first sense a transmission opportunity corresponding to a maximum availability value among a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector. If the transmission opportunity is found to be available, the secondary user uses this available transmission opportunity to perform the data transmission. Otherwise, the sensing device 1003 sequentially senses the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector.

As an example, the resource utilization apparatus 1000 may further include a transmission device 1005. [ The transmitting device 1005 feeds back the transmission result information about the data transmission using the transmission opportunity.

As a specific example, the feedback transmission result information may include a transmission result vector and / or a transmission result value. The transmission result vector includes information indicating whether each transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector is available to the secondary user and / or the data transmission is successful. The transmission result value indicates the location of the transmission opportunity used by each secondary user in the transmission opportunity selection vector, and if the value is less than the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector, the selected transmission opportunity is determined by querying the transmission opportunity selection vector And the value is not less than the length of the transmission opportunity selection vector, it can be determined that the secondary user does not find an available transmission opportunity.

As a specific example, the time at which the transmitting device 1005 feeds back the information may be determined according to the feedback channel. For example, the transmitting device 1005 may utilize a dedicated feedback channel to perform feedback immediately after the secondary user has determined the transmission opportunity. Also, for example, for a secondary user who has obtained an available transmission opportunity, the transmitting device 1005 may use the acquired resource to perform feedback after data transmission, while not acquiring an available transmission opportunity A failing secondary user uses some dedicated feedback channels to perform feedback after completing the transmission opportunity selection.

According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a cognitive radio system including the above-described resource allocation device and resource utilization device is also provided. The resource allocation device may be provided to a secondary base station or a spectrum coordinator and may be provided as part of a secondary base station or a spectrum coordinator. The resource utilization device may be provided to the secondary user and may be provided as part of the secondary user equipment.

It should be noted that the above embodiments and examples are illustrative and not limiting, and the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to any particular embodiments or examples. Also, in the above embodiments and examples, reference numerals are used to denote modules or steps of a method. Skilled artisans will appreciate that such references are merely intended to identify such steps or modules and do not represent the order or any other limitation.

As an example, each step of the above method and each of the configuration modules and / or devices of the device may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or combinations thereof. Each component, unit, and sub-unit of the above devices may be configured in the form of software, hardware, or combinations thereof. The detailed means or methods that may be utilized for configuration are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

The present disclosure also proposes a program product for storing machine-readable instruction codes. When read and executed by a machine, the instruction codes may perform the resource allocation method and the resource utilization method described above in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Accordingly, storage media carrying the above program product for storing machine-readable instruction codes are also included in this disclosure. Storage media include, but are not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks, storage cards, memory sticks, and the like.

In the foregoing description of the detailed embodiments of the present disclosure, it is to be understood that the features described and / or illustrated for one embodiment may be utilized in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, May be combined with features in, or replace, features in other embodiments.

The term "include" as used herein refers to the presence of features, elements, steps, or assemblies, but is not limited to the presence of one or more other features, elements, steps, Or add-ons.

Furthermore, the methods of the present disclosure are not limited to being performed chronologically in the time order described in the specification, and may also be performed chronologically, in parallel, or independently in different time sequences. Thus, the order of execution of the methods described herein does not limit the scope of the teachings of the present disclosure.

While this disclosure has been described above in the foregoing description of specific embodiments of the disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, adaptations, or equivalents of the disclosure may be envisioned within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Should be understood. Such modifications, adaptations, or equivalents may also be resorted to as falling within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (20)

A resource allocation apparatus of a cognitive radio system,
A transmission opportunity evaluation device configured to evaluate availability of transmission opportunities of radio resources of the primary communication system,
A vector generating device configured to set a transmit opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the perceptual radio system in accordance with an evaluation of availability of transmit opportunities, the transmit opportunity vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmit opportunities evaluated as available -, and
And a transmitting device configured to transmit a transmission opportunity selection vector to a secondary user. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the vector generating device is configured to set a transmission opportunity selection vector by arranging a plurality of available transmission opportunities in an order based on availability values of a plurality of evaluated transmission opportunities. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the transmit opportunities evaluated as available at the same corresponding locations of the transmit opportunity selection vectors set by the vector generating device for different sub-users are different from one another. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Wherein the transmission opportunity evaluation device is configured to evaluate availability of a transmission opportunity to be evaluated by calculating continuous idle time period statistics of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within a past predetermined time period,
Continuous idle time period statistics include the following parameters:
An average time length of consecutive idle time periods of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within the time period; A time length of the most frequently occurring continuous idle time period of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located within the time period described above; A length of time of a continuous idle time period in which a corresponding time point of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within the time period is located; And a number of accumulated consecutive idle time periods of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within said time period. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The transmission opportunity evaluation device is further configured for each secondary user to evaluate availability of a transmission opportunity to be evaluated by calculating a transmission result estimate of the secondary user in a frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity,
The transmission opportunity evaluation device determines whether or not a sub-user attempts to perform data transmission in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity within the predetermined time period before the current time, or in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity, And a ratio of the number of times of successful data transmission to the total number of times of transmission of the transmission opportunity is calculated as the transmission result evaluation amount of the transmission opportunity. CLAIMS 1. A resource utilization apparatus of a cognitive radio system,
A receiving device configured to receive a transmission opportunity selection vector for the resource utilization device, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available; and
A detection device configured to detect each transmit opportunity evaluated as available in the transmit opportunity selection vector to determine if the transmit opportunity is currently available and to determine that the transmit opportunity is available for data transmission if yes; A resource utilization device of the radio system. The method according to claim 6,
The information identifying the plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector is arranged in order based on the availability values of the plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available,
The sensing device comprises:
An available estimated transmission opportunity corresponding to a maximum availability value of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector is detected to determine whether the available transmission opportunity evaluated corresponding to the maximum availability value is currently available And, if yes, determine that the available estimated transmission opportunity corresponding to the maximum availability value is currently available for data transmission, otherwise, until the current available transmission opportunity is found, or as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector And to sequentially sense the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector until there is no evaluated selectable transmission opportunity. 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
Further comprising a transmitting device configured to feed back transmission result information regarding data transmission using a transmission opportunity. 9. The method of claim 8,
The transmission result information includes a transmission result vector and / or a transmission result value, and the transmission result vector includes information indicating whether each transmission opportunity in the transmission opportunity selection vector is available to the secondary user and / or the data transmission is successful , The transmission result value indicating the location of the transmission opportunity used by the secondary user in the transmission opportunity selection vector. A method of allocating resources in a cognitive radio system,
Evaluating the availability of transmission opportunities in the radio resources of the primary communication system,
Establishing a transmission opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the cognitive radio system in accordance with an evaluation of availability of transmission opportunities, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available; And
And transmitting a transmission opportunity selection vector to a secondary user. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in a transmission opportunity selection vector is arranged in order based on availability values of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the transmission opportunities evaluated as available at the same corresponding locations of the transmission opportunity selection vectors selected for different sub-users are different from one another. 13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
The step of evaluating the availability of the transmission opportunity comprises:
Calculating a continuous idle time period statistics of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within a past predetermined time period,
Continuous idle time period statistics include the following parameters:
An average time length of consecutive idle time periods of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within the time period; A time length of the most frequently occurring continuous idle time period of the frequency band in which the transmission opportunity is located within the time period described above; A length of time of a continuous idle time period in which a corresponding time point of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within the time period is located; And a number of accumulated consecutive idle time periods of a frequency band in which a transmission opportunity is located within the time period. 13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
The step of evaluating the availability of the transmission opportunity comprises:
Further comprising, for each secondary user, evaluating availability of a transmission opportunity to be evaluated by calculating a transmission result estimate of a secondary user in a frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity,
The calculation of the transmission result evaluation amount may be performed based on the number of successive data transmission times of the secondary user in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity within the predetermined time period before the current time or in the frequency band corresponding to the transmission opportunity, And calculating a ratio of the number of times the data transmission is successful to the total number of attempts to be performed as the transmission result evaluation amount of the transmission opportunity. A method of using resources of a cognitive radio system,
Receiving, by a secondary user of the cognitive radio system, a transmission opportunity selection vector for a secondary user, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available; and
Selecting a transmission opportunity from a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector; sensing the selected transmission opportunity to determine if the transmission opportunity is currently available; if yes, Until the available transmission opportunity is found, or until there is no selectable transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector, the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; And sequentially sensing the resources of the cognitive radio system. 16. The method of claim 15,
The information identifying the plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector is arranged in order based on the availability values of the plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available,
Wherein selecting a transmission opportunity from a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector comprises:
An available estimated transmission opportunity corresponding to a maximum availability value of a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector is detected to determine whether the available transmission opportunity evaluated corresponding to the maximum availability value is currently available , And if yes, selecting an available estimated transmission opportunity corresponding to the maximum availability value for the data transmission; otherwise, until an available transmission opportunity is found, or as available for evaluation within the transmission opportunity selection vector And sequentially sensing the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector until there is no selectable transmission opportunity. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16,
Further comprising the step of feeding back the transmission result information about the data transmission using the transmission opportunity. 18. The method of claim 17,
The transmission result information includes a transmission result vector and / or a transmission result value, and the transmission result vector includes information indicating whether transmission opportunities in the transmission opportunity selection vector are available to the secondary user and / or data transmission is successful, Wherein the result value indicates the location of the transmission opportunity used by the secondary user in the transmission opportunity selection vector. As a cognitive radio system,
The cognitive radio system includes a resource allocation device and a resource utilization device,
The resource allocation apparatus comprises:
A transmission opportunity evaluation device configured to evaluate availability of transmission opportunities of radio resources of the primary communication system,
A vector generating device configured to set a transmit opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the perceptual radio system in accordance with an evaluation of availability of transmit opportunities, the transmit opportunity vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmit opportunities evaluated as available -, and
A transmitting device configured to transmit a transmission opportunity selection vector to a secondary user,
The resource utilization device,
A receiving device configured to receive a transmission opportunity selection vector for a secondary user, the transmission opportunity vector including information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available; and
Each transmit opportunity assessed as available in the transmit opportunity selection vector is sensed to determine if the transmit opportunity is currently available and if yes, the transmit opportunity is determined to be available for data transmission; otherwise, And a sensing device configured to sequentially sense the next transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector until an opportunity is found, or until there is no selectable transmission opportunity evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector. Cognitive radio system. A method of allocating resources in a cognitive radio system,
Evaluating the availability of transmission opportunities in the radio resources of the primary communication system,
Establishing a transmission opportunity selection vector for each secondary user of the cognitive radio system in accordance with an evaluation of availability of transmission opportunities, the transmission opportunity selection vector comprising information identifying a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available;
Transmitting a transmission opportunity selection vector to each of the secondary users,
Receiving, by a secondary user of the cognitive radio system, a transmission opportunity selection vector for the secondary user; and
Selecting a transmission opportunity from a plurality of transmission opportunities evaluated as available in the transmission opportunity selection vector by a secondary user and sensing the selected transmission opportunity to determine if the transmission opportunity is currently available, And using a transmission opportunity for data transmission.

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