KR20120031021A - 연료 전지 시스템의 부하 추종 운전 방법 - Google Patents
연료 전지 시스템의 부하 추종 운전 방법 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
미리 전기 출력 (P) 과 P 를 출력하는 데에 필요한 연료 유량 (F) 의 함수 F = f(P) 및 P = f-1(F) 를 구하고, 개질 촉매층 온도 (Tj) 와 Tj 에 의해 개질 가능한 연료 유량 (Gj) 을 설정하고, 촉매층 측정 온도 (T) 이하에서 최대의 Tj 에 대응하는 Gj 를 FR 로 하고, FR < Fmin (F 의 최소값) 이면 발전 정지시키고, FR ≥ Fmin 의 경우, 출력 요구값 (PD) ≤ 최대 출력 (PM) 이면 1 을, PD > PM 이면 2 를 실시한다. 1) f(PD) ≤ FR 이면 출력 (PD), 연료 유량 (f(PD)) 으로 하고, f(PD) > FR 이면 출력을 P = f-1(FR) 에 의해 계산되는 P 의 PD 미만에서 최대의 값으로 하고, 연료 유량을 FR 로 하고, 2) f(PM) ≤ FR 이면 출력 (PM), 연료 유량 (f(PM)) 으로 하고, f(PM) > FR 이면 출력을 P = f-1(FR) 로부터 계산되는 P 의 최대값으로 하고, 연료 유량을 FR 로 한다.
Description
도 2 는 본 발명의 방법을 설명하기 위한, 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 전기 출력 (P) 을 얻기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 상관을 나타내는 모식적 그래프이다.
도 3 은 본 발명의 방법을 설명하기 위한, 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 전기 출력 (P) 을 얻기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 상관을 나타내는 모식적 그래프이다.
도 4 는 본 발명의 방법을 설명하기 위한, 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 전기 출력 (P) 을 얻기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 상관을 나타내는 모식적 그래프이다.
도 5 는 본 발명의 방법을 설명하기 위한, 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 전기 출력 (P) 을 얻기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 상관을 나타내는 모식적 그래프이다.
도 6 은 본 발명의 방법을 설명하기 위한, 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 전기 출력 (P) 을 얻기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 상관을 나타내는 모식적 그래프이다.
j | Tj | Gj |
- | ℃ | g/min |
1 | 600 | 1 |
2 | 625 | 2 |
3 | 650 | 3 |
4 | 675 | 5 |
5 (N) | 700 | 8 |
2 : 물 기화기에 부설된 전기 히터
3 : 개질기
4 : 개질 촉매층
5 : 연소 영역
6 : SOFC
7 : 이그나이터
8 : 모듈 용기
9 : 개질기에 부설된 전기 히터
Claims (4)
- 탄화수소계 연료를 개질하여 수소를 함유하는 개질 가스를 제조하는, 개질 촉매층을 갖는 개질기와, 그 개질 가스를 사용하여 발전을 실시하는 고온형 연료 전지를 갖는 연료 전지 시스템의 부하 추종 운전 방법으로서,
미리 그 연료 전지의 전기 출력 (P) 과, 그 전기 출력 (P) 을 연료 전지에 의해 출력하기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (F) 의 함수 F = f(P) 및 P = f-1(F) 를 구해 두고,
단, P = f-1(F) 는 F = f(P) 의 역함수이고,
그 연료 전지의 최대 전기 출력을 PM 으로 나타내고,
P 가 0 이상 PM 이하의 범위에 있을 때의, 함수 F = f(P) 에 의해 정해지는 탄화수소계 연료 유량의 최소값을 Fmin 으로 나타내고,
또한, 미리 개질 촉매층의 복수의 온도 (Tj) (j 는 1 이상 N 이하의 정수, 단 N 은 2 이상의 정수) 와, 각 Tj 에 대응하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (Gj) 을 설정해 두고,
단, 각 Gj 는 대응하는 개질 촉매층 온도 (Tj) 에서 개질 촉매층에 있어서 개질 가능한 탄화수소계 연료의 유량이고, 각 Gj 는 0 보다 크고, j 의 증가에 수반하여 Gj 는 동일한 값이거나 증가하고,
A) 개질 촉매층의 온도 (T) 를 측정하는 공정,
B) 온도 (T) 의 개질 촉매층에 있어서 개질 가능한 탄화수소계 연료의 유량인 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 으로서, 상기 온도 (T) 이하에서 가장 큰 Tj 에 대응하는 Gj 를 채용하는 공정,
C) 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 이, 상기 최소값 (Fmin) 보다 작은 경우, 연료 전지에 있어서의 발전을 정지시키는 공정,
D) 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 이, 상기 최소값 (Fmin) 이상인 경우에,
연료 전지 출력 요구값 (PD) 이, 상기 최대 전기 출력 (PM) 이하이면 공정 d1 을 실시하고, 연료 전지 출력 요구값 (PD) 이, 상기 최대 전기 출력 (PM) 을 초과하고 있으면 공정 d2 를 실시하는 공정,
d1) 상기 함수 F = f(P) 를 사용하여, 연료 전지 출력 요구값 (PD) 을 연료 전지에 의해 출력하기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (f(PD)) 을 산출하고,
f(PD) 가 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 이하이면, 연료 전지의 전기 출력을 PD 로 하고, 개질 촉매층에 공급하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량을 f(PD) 로 하고,
f(PD) 가 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 을 초과하고 있으면, 연료 전지의 전기 출력을, P = f-1(FR) 로부터 계산되는 P 의 값 중 PD 미만에서 최대의 값으로 하고, 개질 촉매층에 공급하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량을 FR 로 하는 공정,
d2) 상기 함수 F = f(P) 를 사용하여, 상기 최대 전기 출력 (PM) 을 연료 전지에 의해 출력하기 위해 개질 촉매층에 공급할 필요가 있는 개질 촉매층에 공급하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량 (f(PM)) 을 산출하고,
f(PM) 이 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 이하이면, 연료 전지의 전기 출력을 PM 으로 하고, 개질 촉매층에 공급하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량을 f(PM) 으로 하고,
f(PM) 이 상기 개질 가능 유량 (FR) 을 초과하고 있으면, 연료 전지의 전기 출력을, P = f-1(FR) 로부터 계산되는 P 의 값 중 최대의 값으로 하고, 개질 촉매층에 공급하는 탄화수소계 연료의 유량을 FR 로 하는 공정
을 갖는 연료 전지 시스템의 부하 추종 운전 방법. - 제 1 항에 있어서,
부하 추종 운전 동안에 상기 공정 A ? D 를 반복하여 실시하는 방법. - 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 탄화수소계 연료가, 탄소수가 2 이상인 탄화수소계 연료를 함유하는 방법. - 제 3 항에 있어서,
상기 개질 가스 중의, 탄소수 2 이상인 화합물의 농도가, 질량 기준으로 50 ppb 이하인 방법.
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JP (1) | JP5433323B2 (ko) |
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JP2006032262A (ja) * | 2004-07-21 | 2006-02-02 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム及び制御方法 |
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CN102473944A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
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US20120100448A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
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