KR20110084995A - 전립선암에서의 반복적 유전자 융합체 - Google Patents
전립선암에서의 반복적 유전자 융합체 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 전립선암 (PCA)에서 TMPRSS2:ETV1 및 TMPRSS2:ERG 유전자 융합체의 확인 및 특성 결정을 보여준다. (a) 전립선암 세포주 (DuCaP, LnCaP 및 VCaP) 및 호르몬 불응성 전이 (MET) 전립선암 조직을 정량적 PCR (QPCR)에 의해 ERG (■) 및 ETV1 (□) mRNA 발현에 대해 분석하였다. (b) LNCaP 세포에 비해 MET26에서 ETV1 엑손 2 및 3의 과다발현의 상실. (c) TMPRSS2와의 유전자 융합을 밝히는, MET26-LN에서의 ETV1 및 MET28-LN에서의 ERG에 대한 5' RNA 리가제-매개 cDNA 말단부 급속 증폭 (RLM-RACE) 결과의 개략도. (d) MET26-LN 및 MET26-RP에서 전좌-특이적 QPCR을 이용하는 TMPRSS2:ETV1 발현의 확증. (e) 세포주 및 PCA 시료에서 전좌-특이적 QPCR을 이용하는 TMPRSS2:ERG 발현의 확증.
도 3은 TMPRSS2:ETV1 유전자 융합체 및 ERG 유전자 재배열을 확인하는, 포르말린 고정시키고 파라핀 포매시킨 조직 절편에 대한 간기 (interphase) 형광 계내 혼성화 (FISH)를 보여준다. (A 및 B) TMPRSS2 (녹색 신호) 및 ETV1 (적색 신호)의 융합을 검출하기 위한 2-색상 융합-신호 접근법을 보여준다. (C 및 D) ERG의 5' (녹색 신호) 및 3' (적색 신호) 영역에 걸쳐지는 2개의 프로브를 사용하는, 2-색상 분할 (split)-신호 접근법을 이용한 ERG 유전자 재배열의 검출. (E) 13 사례의 임상적 국소 전립선암 (PCA) 및 16 사례의 전이성 전립선암 (MET)으로부터의 코어 (core)를 포함하는 독립적인 조직 마이크로어레이에 대해 (A-D)에서와 동일한 프로브를 사용한 FISH 결과의 매트릭스 도면.
도 4는 TMPRSS2:ERG 전좌를 보유한 전립선암 세포에서 ERG의 안드로겐 조절을 보여준다.
도 5는 암 이상점 프로파일 분석 (COPA)을 보여준다. 도 5A는 COPA 분석의 개략도를 도시한 것이다. 도 5B는 RUNX1T1 (ETO)가 볼크 (Valk) 등의 급성 골수성 백혈병 데이터세트 (n = 293)에서 제90 백분위에서 최고 점수 이상점 프로파일을 가졌음을 보여준다. 도 5C는 E2A-PBX1의 이상점 발현 프로파일러를 보여준다.
도 6은 TMPRSS2와의 유전자 융합 (TMPRSS2:ERGb 융합체)을 밝히는, MET26-LN에서의 ETV1 및 PCA4에서의 ERG에 대한 RNA 리가제-매개 cDNA 말단부 급속 증폭 (RLM-RACE) 결과의 개략도를 보여준다.
도 7은 전립선암에서의 ETS 부류 구성원의 과다발현을 보여준다. 육안 박리된 조직 (A) 또는 레이저 포획 미세박리에 의해 단리된 조직 (B)로부터 프로파일링된 양성 전립선, 전립선 상피내 신생물 (PIN), 임상적 국소 전립선암 및 전이성 전립선암에서의 모든 모니터링된 ETS 부류 구성원의 발현을 온코민 (Oncomine)을 이용하여 가시화하였다.
도 8은 ETV4를 과다발현하는 전립선암 사례에서 TMPRSS2 및 ETV4 유전자좌의 과다발현을 보여준다. A. 모은 (pooled) 양성 전립선 조직 (CPP), ETV4를 과다발현하지 않고 TMPRSS2:ERG 양성 (PCA1-2) 또는 음성 (PCA3-4)인 전립선암, 및 ETV4 과다발현이 있는 본 발명의 LCM 코호트로부터의 전립선암 사례 (PCA5)에서 ETV4의 지시된 엑손 또는 영역의 발현. B. RLM-RACE는 PCA5에서 TMPRSS2의 상류의 서열과 ETV4와의 융합을 밝힌다. C. QPCR에 의한 PCA5에서 TMPRSS2:ETV4a 및 TMPRSS2:ETV4b의 발현. D. 포르말린 고정시키고 파라핀 포매시킨 조직에 대한 간기 형광 계내 혼성화는 PCA5에서 TMPRSS2 및 ETV4 유전자좌의 융합을 확인한다.
도 9는 예시적인 ETS 부류 유전자의 mRNA 서열을 보여준다.
도 10은 TMPRSS2의 mRNA 서열을 보여준다.
도 11은 FISH에 의한 TMPRSS2:ERG 유전자 융합 분석을 보여준다. 패널 A: TMPRSS2:ERG 융합체의 간접적 검출을 위한 분리 (break apart) 검정을 도시하는 핵형도 (ideogram). 패널 B: 기질 세포 (좌측) 및 전립선암 (우측)의 간기 핵. 패널 C: 끝분절 (telomeric) 프로브의 상실에 의해 표시되는 바와 같이 분리 및 동시 결실을 보여주는 전립선암의 간기 핵 (100x 유침 대물 배율). 패널 D. 끝분절 프로브의 분리 및 상실을 갖는 2개의 핵을 입증하는 C의 네모친 영역의 확대 (60x 유침 대물 배율).
도 12는 ERG 및 TMPRSS2 사이에서 염색체 21 상의 게놈 결실을 보여준다. 패널 a: 6개의 세포주, 13개의 이종이식편 및 11개의 전이 PCA 샘플을 포함한 샘플을 qPCR 및/또는 FISH에 의해 TMPRSS2:ERG 및 TMPRSS2:ETV1 상태에 대해 특징규명하였다 (음성 상태에 대해 회색 막대 및 양성 상태에 대해 청색 막대). 패널 b: A의 녹색 프레임 네모의 확대. 패널 c: A의 흑색 프레임 네모의 확대.
도 13은 임상적 국소 전립선암에서의 TMPRSS2:ERG 재배열 및 병리학적 파라미터와의 연관성을 보여준다. 패널 A. 1차 PCA 샘플의 49.2% 및 호르몬 나이브 (naive) 전이 LN 샘플의 41.2%에서 TMPRSS2:ERG 재배열이 확인되었다. 패널 B. 진행 종양 단계의 PCA 사례의 보다 높은 비율에서 관찰되는 경향이 있는 결실이 있는 TMPRSS2:ERG 재배열된 종양 (p=0.03).
도 14는 ERG (중심절 (centromeric)) 및 TMPRSS2 (끝분절) 사이에서 21q22-23 상에 위치하는 공지의 유전자를 보여준다. 흑색 선 위의 유전자는 5'-중심절에서 3'-끝분절로 배향되고, 흑색 선 아래의 유전자는 5'-끝분절에서 3'-중심절로 배향된다. 영상의 하부 절반에서, ERG 유전자좌의 확대도를 FISH 프로브와 함께 도시한다.
도 15는 주로 결실이 있는 TMPRSS2:ERG 재배열 (우측 상의 핵)을 보이고 단지 작은 영역이 결실이 없는 TMPRSS2:ERG 재배열 (좌측 상의 핵)을 보이는, '이질' 전립선암 사례를 보여준다.
도 16은 8개의 공개된 발현 어레이 데이터세트를 가로질러 TMPRSS2 및 ERG 사이에 위치하는 유전자의 메타-분석을 보여준다.
도 17은 FISH 검정이 질환 진행과 연관되는 TMPRSS2:ERG 유전자 융합체와 연관된 특징적인 결실을 검출함을 보여준다. 패널 A 및 B: 염색체 21q22.2 상의 ERG 재배열을 분석하기 위해, 각각 ERG 유전자좌의 이웃하는 중심절 및 끝분절 영역에 걸쳐지는, 비오틴-14-dCTP 표지된 BAC 클론 RP11-24A11 (궁극적으로 접합되어 적색 신호를 생성함) 및 디곡시게닌-dUTP 표지된 BAC 클론 RP11-137J13 (궁극적으로 접합되어 녹색 신호를 생성함)으로 이루어지는 분리 프로브 시스템을 적용하였다. 상기 분리 프로브 시스템을 사용하면, ERG 재배열이 없는 핵은 2개의 쌍의 병치된 적색 및 녹색 신호를 나타낸다. 병치된 적색-녹색 신호는 황색 융합 신호를 형성한다 (패널 B, 화살표). 패널 C: 누적 발생빈도 회귀 모델에서, 누적 발생빈도 또는 전이 또는 전립선암-특이적 사멸에 대한 결정인자로서 TMPRSS2:ERG를 평가하였다.
도 18은 융합 전사체가 없이 FLI1 과다발현을 보여준다.
도 19는 TMPRSS2-ERG+ 세포에서 안드로겐에 의한 ERG 단백질 발현의 유도를 보여준다.
도 20은 내인성 및 융합 ERG 폴리펩티드의 개략도를 보여준다.
도 21은 ERG2에 대한 핵 상호작용자를 보여준다.
도 22는 ERG1에 대한 펩티드 항체 및 아쿠아 (aqua) 프로브 생성을 위한 서열을 보여준다.
도 23은 ETV1에 대한 펩티드 항체 및 아쿠아 프로브 생성을 위한 서열을 보여준다.
도 24는 FLI1에 대한 펩티드 항체 및 아쿠아 프로브 생성을 위한 서열을 보여준다.
도 25는 ETV4에 대한 펩티드 항체 및 아쿠아 프로브 생성을 위한 서열을 보여준다.
도 26은 LNCaP 전립선암 세포주에서의 ETV1의 과다발현 및 안드로겐 조절을 보여준다. 도 26A는 VCaP 및 LNCaP 전립선암 세포주에서의 안드로겐-조절된 유전자의 발현 시그너쳐 (signature)를 보여준다. 도 26B는 정량적 PCR (QPCR)에 의한, VCaP 및 LNCaP 세포 모두에서의 안드로겐에 의한 PSA 유도의 확인을 보여준다. 도 26C는 LNCaP 세포에서의 안드로겐에 의한 ETV1 유도를 보여준다. 도 26D는 ETV1이 LNCaP 세포에서 현저하게 과다발현됨을 보여준다.
도 27은 LNCaP 세포에서의 ETV1의 재배열을 보여준다. 도 27A는 형광 계내 혼성화 (FISH)를 위한 프로브로서 사용되는 BAC의 개략도를 도시한 것이다. 도 27B는 RP11-124L22 및 RP11-1149J13이 정상 말초 림프구 (NPL)에서 염색체 7에 동시에 국소화됨을 보여준다. 도 27C는 중기 전개 (상부 패널) 및 간기 세포 (하부 패널)에 대한 BAC #1 및 BAC #4의 국소화가 가까운 4배수체 LNCaP 세포주에서 결정됨을 보여준다. 도 27D는 RP11-124L22로부터의 신호가 LNCaP 세포에서 염색체 14에 국소화됨을 보여준다.
도 28은 전체 ETV1 유전자좌가 LNCaP 세포에서 염색체 14 내로 삽입됨을 보여준다. 도 28A는 본 실험에서 사용되는 BAC의 개략도를 도시한 것이다. 도 28B는 중기 전개 (상부 패널) 및 간기 세포 (하부 패널)에 대한 RP11-124L22 (BAC #1) 및 RP11-313C20 (BAC #2)의 국소화가 LNCaP 세포에서 FISH에 의해 결정됨을 보여준다.
도 29는 LnCaP에서 ETV1의 siRNA 녹다운 (knockdown)을 보여준다.
도 30은 VCaP에서 ERG의 siRNA 녹다운을 보여준다.
도 31은 바이러스 과다발현 시스템을 보여준다.
도 32는 트랜스제닉 마우스의 개략도를 도시한 것이다.
도 33은 소변에서의 ERG 및 ETV1 전사체의 검출을 보여준다. 도 33A는 LNCaP (고 ETV1 발현) 또는 VCaP (고 ERG 및 TMPRSS2:ERG 발현) 전립선암 세포에서의 ERG 및 ETV1의 검출을 보여준다. 도 33B는 전립선암이 있는 것으로 의심되는 환자의 소변에서의 ERG 및 ETV1의 검출을 보여준다.
도 34는 전립선암에서 TMPRSS2:ETS 유전자 융합체를 검출하기 위해 사용된 검정을 보여준다. 도 34A는 TMPRSS2 및 ERG에 대한 분리 검정을 보여준다. 한 쌍의 분할 5' 및 3' 신호에 의해 표시되는 ERG 재배열 양성 사례 (결실 없음)는 좌측 패널에 도시된다. 하나의 3' 신호의 상실에 의해 표시되는 TMPRSS2 재배열 양성 사례 (결실 존재)는 우측 패널에 제시한다. 도 34B는 TMPRSS2:ETV1 유전자 융합체에 대한 융합 검정을 보여준다. 도 34C는 ETV4에 대한 분리 검정을 보여준다.
도 35는 FISH에 의해 검출된 TMPRSS2, ERG, ETV1 및 ETV4 재배열을 보여준다. 도 35A는 도 34에 도시된 검정에 의해 검출된 TMPRSS2, ERG, ETV1 및 ETV4에서의 재배열 결과의 표를 보여준다. 도 34B는 4가지 모든 검정이 A에 기재된 바와 같이 평가가능한 38명의 사례로부터의 TMPRSS2, ERG, ETV1 및 ETV4 상태의 열지도 (heat map) 표시를 보여준다. 도 34C는 일치하지 않는 TMPRSS2 및 ETS 재배열 상태가 존재하는 사례의 열지도를 보여준다.
도 36은 본 발명의 유전자 융합체의 서열을 보여준다.
도 37은 FLI-1 발현 분석을 위한 프라이머 및 프로브를 보여준다.
도 38은 이상점 종양 시료에서 ETV1에 융합된, 전립선-특이적 또는 편재해 있는 활성을 보이는 제어 요소의 확인을 보여준다. a. ETV1 이상점 사례의 확인. b. 이상점 사례에서 ETV1에 융합된 신규한 5' 파트너의 구조. c. 지시된 파트너의 5' 및 ETV1의 3'에 위치하는 프로브를 사용한 ETV1 융합체의 FISH 확인. d. 5' 융합 파트너의 조직 특이성. e. 5' 융합 파트너의 안드로겐 조절의 평가.
도 39는 qPCR에 의한 신규한 ETV1 유전자 융합체의 확인을 보여준다.
도 40은 FISH에 의한 신규한 ETV1 유전자 융합체의 확인을 보여준다. a. 간기 FISH를 위한 프로브로서 사용된 ETV1, HNRPA2B1, HERV-K_22q11.23, C15ORF21 및 SLC45A3의 5' 및 3'에 위치하는 BAC의 개략도. b-d. FISH는 b) 5' 융합 파트너의 분할 신호 검정, c) 5' 파트너 및 ETV1의 융합, 및 d) ETV1의 분할 신호 검정을 위해 포르말린 고정시키고 파라핀 포매시킨 조직 절편에 대해 상응하는 형광 표지로 표시된 BAC를 사용하여 수행하였다.
도 41은 전립선 세포에서의 ETV1 과다발현이 침윤성을 야기함을 보여준다. a. ETV1 유전자 융합체 생성물 (엑손 4 내지 보고된 정지 코돈)을 발현하는 아데노바이러스 및 렌티바이러스. b. 양성 불멸화 전립선 세포주 RWPE를 나타낸 ETV1 또는 대조군 (GUS) 렌티바이러스로 감염시키고, 안정한 클론을 생성시켜 변형된 기저막을 통한 침윤에 대해 검정하였다. c. 1차 전립선 상피 세포 (PrEC)를 나타낸 ETV1 또는 LACZ 아데노바이러스로 감염시키고, 침윤에 대해 검정하였다. 평균 (n = 3) + S.E.를 제시한다. 침윤된 세포의 현미경사진을 삽입 사진에 제시한다. d-e. LNCaP 세포에서 ETV1의 siRNA 녹다운은 침윤을 억제한다. LNCaP 세포를 형질감염 시약으로만 처리하거나 (비처리), 또는 나타낸 비-표적화 또는 ETV1 siRNA로 형질감염시켰다. d. ETV1 녹다운을 qPCR로 확인하였다 (평균 (n = 4) + S.E.). e. 세포를 b 및 c에서와 같이 침윤에 대해 평가하였다 (평균 (n = 3) + S.E.). f. RWPE-ETV1 및 RWPE-GUS 세포를 애질런트 전체 게놈 (Agilent Whole Genome) 마이크로어레이 상에서 프로파일링하였다. RWPE-GUS 세포에 비해 RWPE-ETV1에서 과다발현된 유전자의 분자 컨셉 분석의 네트워크 도면이 도시된다. 각각의 접속점은 분자 컨셉, 또는 생물학상 관련 유전자의 세트를 나타낸다. 접속점 크기는 컨셉 내의 유전자의 수에 비례한다 (예로서, "RWPE-ETV1" 및 "세포외 매트릭스" 컨셉은 각각 527 및 186개의 유전자를 포함한다). 컨셉 색상은 범례에 따른 컨셉 유형을 나타낸다. 각각의 에지 (edge)는 유의한 풍부화 (P < 0.005)을 나타낸다. g. RWPE-ETV1 세포에서 과다발현된, 침윤에 관련된 선택 유전자의 qPCR 확인.
도 42는 전립선에서 ETV1 유전자 융합체 생성물을 발현하는 트랜스제닉 마우스에서 마우스 전립선 상피내 신생물 (mPIN)이 발생함을 보여준다. a-f. 형태학적 평가를 위한 ARR2Pb-ETV1 전립선의 헤마톡실린 및 에오신 염색. c. b의 고배율 사진으로서, 삽입 사진은 mPIN 병변 내의 현저한 핵소체를 보여준다. d. ARR2Pb-ETV1 마우스 #3 (33주)의 복부 전립선 (VP)에서 관찰된 mPIN의 정상 선 및 병소. e. d의 고배율 사진. f. 정상 상피 구조 및 mPIN을 보여주는 단일 선. 삽입 사진은 화살촉으로 표시된 mPIN의 병소를 보여준다. g-l. 평활근 액틴 (SMA)을 사용한 면역조직화학은 g) 양성 선 및 h) 모든 mPIN 병변 주위에 연속적인 섬유근육층을 제시하지만, 기저 세포 마커 i-j) 시토케라틴 5 (CK5) 및 k-l) p63은 ARR2Pb-ETV1 마우스 #3의 배측방 전립선 (DLP)에서 정상 선 (i,k)에 비해 mPIN 병소 (j,l)에서 주변 기저 세포의 상실을 보여준다. a, b & d에 대한 원래의 배율은 100x이고, c & e-l의 배율은 400x이다.
도 43은 염색체 재배열의 특수 클래스가 전립선암에서 ETS 종양유전자를 활성화시키는 것을 보여준다.
도 44는 ETV1의 과다발현이 양성 전립선 상피 세포의 증식 또는 형질전환에 영향을 미치지 않음을 보여준다. a. 양성 불멸화 전립선 세포주 RWPE를 나타낸 바와 같이 ETV1 또는 대조군 (GUS) 렌티바이러스로 감염시키고, 안정한 클론이 생성되면 증식에 대해 검정하였다. b. 1차 전립선 상피 세포 (PrEC)를 나타낸 바와 같이 ETV1 또는 LACZ 아데노바이러스로 감염시키고, 증식을 검정하였다. 평균 (n = 3) + S.E.를 나타내었다. 결과는 3회의 독립적인 실험을 나타낸다. c. ETV1 과다발현은 S기의 RWPE 세포의 백분율을 증가시키지 않는다. d. ETV1 과다발현은 RWPE 세포의 앵커링 독립적 성장을 증진시키지 않는다.
도 45는 ETV1의 shRNA 녹다운이 LNCaP 세포에서 침윤을 억제함을 보여준다. a. 대조군 LNCaP 세포, 또는 나타낸 바와 같이 비표적화 또는 ETV1 shRNAmir을 발현하는 렌티바이러스로 감염된 LNCaP 세포를 도 41e에서와 같이 침윤에 대해 평가하였다. 평균 (n = 3) + S.E.를 나타내었다. b. a로부터의 침윤된 세포의 현미경사진.
도 46은 ETV1의 과다발현이 증식 관련 컨셉의 발현 감소를 유발함을 보여준다.
도 47은 RWPE-ETV1 세포에서 과다발현된 침윤 관련 유전자의 확인을 보여준다. a. RWPE-ETV1 및 RWPE-GUS 세포를 애질런트 전체 게놈 마이크로어레이 상에서 프로파일링하였다. b. RWPE-ETV1 컨셉, 및 풍부화 네트워크 내의 14개의 다른 컨셉 (숫자로 나타냄) 중 적어도 5개 내에 존재하는 유전자를 확인하는 오버레이 맵.
도 48은 ARR2Pb-ETV1 마우스 전립선의 mPIN 영역에서의 ARR2Pb-ETV1-FLAG 발현 확인을 보여준다. a. 양성 영역이 있는 ARR2Pb-ETV1 마우스 #4의 복부 전립선 (VP) 저배율 사진, 및 각각 황색 및 흑색 화살표로 나타낸 mPIN 병소. b. ETV1-FLAG 발현의 결핍을 보여주는, a에 나타낸 양성 선의 고배율 사진. c. ETV1-FLAG 발현을 입증하는, a에 나타낸 mPIN 선의 고배율 사진.
도 49는 LNCaP 세포의 안드로겐 고갈이 안드로겐 조절된 유전자의 발현을 조정함을 보여준다.
도 50은 R1881이 안드로겐-반응성 VCaP 세포주에서 ETV1 발현을 유도하지 않음을 보여준다.
도 51은 본 발명의 추가의 유전자 융합체의 서열을 보여준다.
도 52는 본 발명의 추가의 유전자 융합체의 서열을 보여준다.
도 53은 QPCR에 의한 ETV5 이상점 발현을 나타냄으로써 2개의 전립선암 (PCa) 사례의 확인을 보여준다. 패널 b는 RACE에 의해 측정된, 두 사례 모두에 대한 융합 전사체의 구조를 보여준다.
도 54는 전립선암에서의 ETS 이상의 포괄 FISH 스크리닝에 대한 도식적 접근법을 보여준다. a) ETS 중지점에 플랭킹된 약 1 Mb 프로브로 분할 프로브 FISH 접근법을 이용하였고, ETS 부류 유전자를 포함하는 유전자 재배열을 스크리닝하기 위해 전립선암 TMA에 적용시켰다. b) 전립선암의 FISH-기반 스크리닝으로부터 가능한 결과. c) 1Mb 분할 프로브가 이상을 시사하는 경우, 관심의 대상이 되는 유전자에 타이트하게 플랭킹된 프로브 (100-200 Kb)를 조직 절편에 적용하여 초기 스크리닝에 의해 확인된 이상을 확인하였다. d) ETS 유전자 및 공지의 5' 파트너 둘 다의 경우에 재배열된 사례에 대해, 융합 프로브 FISH 검정을 수행하여 잠재적인 유전자 융합체를 확인하였고; ETS 유전자 재배열만이 있는 경우, RLM-RACE를 이용하여 ETS 유전자의 신규 5' 파트너를 확인하였다.
도 55a 및 b는 전립선암에서의 ETS 및 5' 융합 파트너 이상에 대한 요약 매트릭스를 보여준다.
도 56은 ERG에 대한 신규한 5' 융합 파트너로서의 SLC45A3의 확인을 보여준다. a) 간기 FISH를 위한 프로브로서 사용된 SLC45A3 및 ERG의 5' 및 3'에 위치하는 BAC의 개략도. b) FISH는 각각 SLC45A3, ERG의 분할 신호 검정, 및 SLC45A3의 5' 및 ERG의 3'의 융합을 위해 포르말린 고정시키고 파라핀 포매시킨 조직 절편에 대해 상응하는 형광 표지로 표시된 BAC를 사용하여 수행하였다.
도 57은 전립선암에서의 5' 융합 파트너 FLJ35294, CANT1 및 DDX5의 확인을 보여준다. a) 5'RACE 분석에 의해 확인된 FLJ35294-ETV1 (PCa_54), CANT1-ETV4 (PCa_46) 및 DDX5-ETV4 (PCa_85) 융합체의 개략도. 네모 안의 숫자는 엑손을 나타낸다. 네모 위의 숫자는 각각의 엑손의 마지막 염기를 나타낸다. 미번역 영역은 더 밝은 음영으로 표시하였다 (FLJ35294는 특징화되지 않은 유전자 구조를 갖는 예측된 전사체임). b) 온코민 데이터세트에서 얻은 국제 게놈 컨소시엄 엑스포데이터(expOdata) 세트 기반의 28가지의 다른 암 유형과 비교한, 전립선암의 FLJ35294, CANT1 및 DDX5 유전자의 발현 플롯.
도 58은 FISH에 의한 FLJ35294:ETV1, CANT1:ETV4 및 DDX5:ETV4 융합체의 확인을 보여준다. a) 간기 FISH를 위한 프로브로서 사용된 ETV1, ETV4, FLB 5294 및 CANT1의 5' 및 3'에 위치하는 BAC의 개략도. b-d) FISH는, b) ETV1 및 ETV4의 분할 신호 검정, c) 5' 융합 파트너의 분할 신호 검정, 및 d) 5' 파트너 및 ETV1 또는 ETV4의 융합을 위해 포르말린 고정시키고 파라핀 포매시킨 조직 절편에 대해 상응하는 형광 표지로 표시된 BAC를 사용하여 수행하였다. 분할 신호는 화살표로 나타내었고, 융합된 신호는 황색 화살표로 나타내었다.
도 59는 전립선암에서의 DDX5:ETV4 융합 단백질의 특성 결정, 및 FLJ35294 및 CANT1 게놈 유전자좌의 안드로겐-조절을 보여준다. a) 양성 전립선, 및 FLJ35294-ETV1, CANT1-ETV4, DDX5-ETV4 또는 SLC45A3:ERG에 대해 양성인 전립선암 사례에서 ERG, ETV1 및 ETV4의 발현을 QPCR에 의해 측정하였다. b) LNCaP 세포를 48시간 동안 호르몬-결핍시키고, R1881 또는 에탄올 대조군으로 처리하고, Q-PCR에 의해 FLJ35294, CANT1 및 DDX5 전사체 발현에 대해 검정하였다. c) 각각의 유전자좌에서의 AR 풍부화 값을 염색질 면역침전 (ChIP) 분석으로 평가하였다. d) 상부 패널: ETV4의 아미노산 65-484에 융합된 DDX5의 아미노산 1-102로 나타낸 DDX5-ETV4 융합 단백질의 개략도. 중간 패널: pCDNA3.2-DDX5-ETV4 발현 구축물로 일시적으로 형질감염시킨 HEK 293 세포의 면역블롯 분석에 의한, FLAG태그가 부착된 DDX5-ETV4 융합 단백질의 검출. 하부 패널: DDX5-ETV4 유전자 융합체 (PCa_85)를 갖는 환자로부터의 조직 용해물에서의 내인성 DDX5-ETV4 융합 단백질 (57 kDa)의 검출.
Claims (18)
- (a) 환자로부터의 샘플을 제공하고;
(b) 샘플 내에서 SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 5' 부분 및 ERG 유전자로부터의 3' 부분을 갖는 유전자 융합체의 존재 또는 부재를 검출하는
것을 포함하고, 여기서 샘플 내의 유전자 융합체 존재의 검출이 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 것인, 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 방법. - 제1항에 있어서, SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역이 SLC45A3 유전자의 프로모터 영역을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 5' DNA 부분 및 ERG 유전자로부터의 3' DNA 부분을 갖는 게놈 DNA의 염색체 재배열을 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터 전사된 5' RNA 부분 및 ERG 유전자로부터 전사된 3' RNA 부분을 갖는 키메라 mRNA 전사체를 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 샘플이 조직, 혈액, 혈장, 혈청, 소변, 소변 상청액, 소변 세포 펠릿, 정액, 전립선 분비물 및 전립선 세포로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것인 방법.
- (a) 환자로부터의 샘플을 제공하고;
(b) 샘플 내에서 FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 5' 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터의 3' 부분을 갖는 유전자 융합체의 존재 또는 부재를 검출하는
것을 포함하고, 여기서 샘플 내의 유전자 융합체 존재의 검출이 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 것인, 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 방법. - 제6항에 있어서, FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역이 FLJ35294 유전자의 프로모터 영역을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, ETS 부류 구성원 유전자가 ETV1인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 5' DNA 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터의 3' DNA 부분을 갖는 게놈 DNA의 염색체 재배열을 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터 전사된 5' RNA 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터 전사된 3' RNA 부분을 갖는 키메라 mRNA 전사체를 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 샘플이 조직, 혈액, 혈장, 혈청, 소변, 소변 상청액, 소변 세포 펠릿, 정액, 전립선 분비물 및 전립선 세포로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것인 방법.
- (a) 환자로부터의 샘플을 제공하고;
(b) 샘플 내에서 DDX5 유전자로부터의 5' 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터의 3' 부분을 갖는 유전자 융합체의 존재 또는 부재를 검출하는
것을 포함하고, 여기서 샘플 내의 유전자 융합체 존재의 검출이 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 것인, 환자에서 전립선암을 확인하는 방법. - 제12항에 있어서, ETS 부류 구성원 유전자가 ETV4인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 DDX5 유전자로부터의 5' DNA 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터의 3' DNA 부분을 갖는 게놈 DNA의 염색체 재배열을 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 DDX5 유전자로부터 전사된 5' RNA 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자로부터 전사된 3' RNA 부분을 갖는 키메라 mRNA 전사체를 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 단계 (b)가 DDX5 유전자에 의해 코딩된 아미노-말단 부분 및 ETS 부류 구성원 유전자에 의해 코딩된 카르복시-말단 부분을 갖는 키메라 단백질을 검출하는 것을 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 샘플이 조직, 혈액, 혈장, 혈청, 소변, 소변 상청액, 소변 세포 펠릿, 정액, 전립선 분비물 및 전립선 세포로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것인 방법.
- (a) 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분이 SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 것이고 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분이 ERG 유전자로부터의 것인, 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 접합부에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(b) SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브, 및 ERG 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(c) SLC45A3 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드, 및 ERG 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드;
(d) 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분이 FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 것이고 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분이 ETV1 유전자로부터의 것인, 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 접합부에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(e) FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브, 및 ETV1 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(f) FLJ35294 유전자의 전사 조절 영역으로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드, 및 ETV1 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드;
(g) 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분이 DDX5 유전자로부터의 것이고 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분이 ETV4 유전자로부터의 것인, 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 접합부에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(h) DDX5 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브, 및 ETV4 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 올리고뉴클레오티드 프로브;
(i) DDX5 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 5' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제1 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드, 및 ETV4 유전자로부터의 키메라 게놈 DNA 또는 키메라 mRNA의 3' 부분에 혼성화하는 서열을 포함하는 제2 증폭 올리고뉴클레오티드;
(j) DDX5 유전자에 의해 코딩된 아미노-말단 부분 및 ETV4 유전자에 의해 코딩된 카르복시-말단 부분을 갖는 키메라 단백질에 대한 항체
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