KR102525718B1 - 폴리아마이드 제조 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
폴리아마이드 제조 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102525718B1 KR102525718B1 KR1020190165747A KR20190165747A KR102525718B1 KR 102525718 B1 KR102525718 B1 KR 102525718B1 KR 1020190165747 A KR1020190165747 A KR 1020190165747A KR 20190165747 A KR20190165747 A KR 20190165747A KR 102525718 B1 KR102525718 B1 KR 102525718B1
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- diamine
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- dicarboxylic acid
- polyamide
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- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical group NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC NDJKXXJCMXVBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RZJRJXONCZWCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC YCOZIPAWZNQLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pimelic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(O)=O WLJVNTCWHIRURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N suberic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCC(O)=O TYFQFVWCELRYAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BGHCVCJVXZWKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC IIYFAKIEWZDVMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XBTRYWRVOBZSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-methylphenyl)methanediamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C(N)N)C=C1 XBTRYWRVOBZSGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-diaminooctane Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCN PWGJDPKCLMLPJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound NC1(N)CCCCC1 YMHQVDAATAEZLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCN YQLZOAVZWJBZSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CHSILQAFIZTLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptadecane-1,17-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN CHSILQAFIZTLJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptane-1,7-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCN PWSKHLMYTZNYKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJCASULPHYKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane-1,16-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN ATJCASULPHYKHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- POIZGMCHYSVWDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosane-1,20-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN POIZGMCHYSVWDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonane-1,9-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCN SXJVFQLYZSNZBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CJYCVQJRVSAFKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane-1,18-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN CJYCVQJRVSAFKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- MSVPBWBOFXVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1,14-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN MSVPBWBOFXVAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BPSKTAWBYDTMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecane-1,13-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCN BPSKTAWBYDTMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005378 cyclohexanecarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003916 ethylene diamine group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1 NZNMSOFKMUBTKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC LQERIDTXQFOHKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical compound NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromophenol blue Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C1C1(C=2C=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloheptane carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 VZFUCHSFHOYXIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006351 engineering plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VCAISILSXYFPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonadecane-1,19-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN VCAISILSXYFPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/02—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/26—Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G69/28—Preparatory processes
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- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
- B01J19/0066—Stirrers
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G69/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G69/48—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00076—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements inside the reactor
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- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polyamides (AREA)
Abstract
Description
10: 반응기
12: 디아민 공급 탱크
14: 퍼지 라인
16: 파이프 연결부
18: 배출구
20: 교반기
22: 자켓
24: 가열매체
30: 버퍼
50: 분별증류 컬럼
52: 압력 조절 밸브
70: 응축기
Claims (18)
- 교반기(20)를 구비하며 디아민과 디카르복실산의 축합 중합이 수행되는 반응기(10); 반응기(10) 위에 순차적으로 설치되는 버퍼(30); 분별증류 컬럼(50) 및 응축기(70)를 포함하며, 버퍼(30)가 그 내경이 파이프 연결부(16)의 내경에 비해 10% 이상 크고, 길이 대 내경의 비(L/D)가 1 이상이며, 응축기(70)를 통해 배출되는 축합수 중의 디아민의 함량이 1 mole% 이하인 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제1항에 있어서, 반응기(10) 내부의 반응 혼합물을 150~300℃의 온도로 가열할 수 있는 가열장치를 더 포함하는 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제1항에 있어서, 버퍼(30)가 그 내경이 파이프 연결부(16)의 내경에 비해 20% 이상 크고, 길이 대 내경의 비(L/D)가 2~10인 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제2항에 있어서, 버퍼(30)가 별도로 가열 또는 냉각되지 않는 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제1항에 있어서, 분별증류 컬럼(50)의 단수 또는 이론단수가 5~30인 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제5항에 있어서, 분별증류 컬럼(50)의 운전 온도가 100~150℃인 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- 제1항에 있어서, 응축기(70)의 운전 온도가 0~20℃인 폴리아마이드의 제조 장치(100).
- (1) 반응기 내에서 디아민과 디카르복실산을 1.0:1.0~1.05:1.0의 당량비로 포함하는 혼합물을 직접 축합 중합하면서, 축합 중합에 의해 생성되는 증기상의 축합수를 반응기 외로 배출하는 단계; (2) 반응기로부터 배출되는 증기상 축합수의 유속을 변화시키는 단계; (3) 증기상의 축합수를 분별증류시켜 응축되는 단량체를 반응기로 순환시키는 단계; 및 (4) 분별증류 후의 증기상 축합수를 응축하는 단계를 포함하며, 단계 (4)에서 응축되는 축합수 중의 디아민의 함량이 1 mole% 이하인 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 디카르복실산이 옥살산, 말론산, 호박산, 글루타르산, 아디프산, 피멜산, 수베르산, 아젤라산, 세바스산, 운데칸 이산, 도데칸 이산, 트리데칸 이산, 테트라데칸 이산, 펜타데칸 이산, 헥사데칸 이산, 헵타데칸 이산, 옥타데칸 이산으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 지방족 디카르복실산; 사이클로헥산 카르복실산로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 지방족 고리식 디카르복실산; 및 프탈산, 이소프탈산, 테레프탈산, 나프탈렌 디카르복실산으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 방향족 디카르복실산 중의 적어도 하나를 포함하는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 디카르복실산이 아디프산인 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 디아민이 에틸렌디아민, 1,3-디아미노프로판, 1,4-디아미노부탄, 1,5-디아미노펜탄, 1,6-디아미노헥산, 1,7-디아미노헵탄, 1,8-디아미노옥탄, 1,9-디아미노노난, 1,10-디아미노데칸, 1,11-디아미노운데칸, 1,12-디아미노도데칸, 1,13-디아미노트리데칸, 1,14-디아미노테트라데칸, 1,15-디아미노펜타 데칸, 1,16-디아미노헥사데칸, 1,17-디아미노헵타데칸, 1,18-디아미노옥타데칸, 1,19-디아미노노나데칸, 1,20-디아미노이코세인, 2-메틸-1,5-디아미노펜탄으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 지방족 디아민; 사이클로헥산 디아민, 비스-(4-아미노사이클로헥실)메탄으로 구성되는 군으로부터 선택되는 지방족 고리식 디아민; 및 자일렌 디아민인 방향족 디아민 중의 적어도 하나를 포함하는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 디아민이 m-자일렌디아민 또는 p-자일렌디아민인 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 단계 (1)이 반응기 내에 디카르복실산을 주입하는 단계; 반응기 내를 불활성 가스로 퍼지(purge)하는 단계; 반응기 내의 온도를 160~200℃로 높이는 단계; 디아민을 연속적으로 또는 단속적으로 반응기에 첨가하는 단계; 디아민의 첨가 종료 시 최종적으로 반응기 내의 온도가 160~250℃가 되도록 반응기 내의 온도를 조절하는 단계를 포함하는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 반응기 내에 디카르복실산을 주입하는 단계가 고체상 디카르복실산을 반응기에 주입하고 이를 용융시키거나 별도의 장치에서 용융된 디카르복실산을 반응기 내에 주입하는 것으로 수행되는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 디아민을 연속적으로 또는 단속적으로 반응기에 첨가하는 단계가 0.5~4시간 동안 수행되는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 단계 (1)에서 디아민과 디카르복실산의 축합 중합이 1차 중합 혹은 예비 중합(pre-polymerization)이며, 반응기 내의 압력이 상압~1.2 bar인 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 단계 (1)에서 1차 중합된 폴리아마이드를 동일한 반응기 내에서 혹은 다른 반응기로 이송하여 2차 중합 혹은 후중합(post-polymerization)하는 단계를 더 포함하는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
- 제17항에 있어서, 폴리아마이드의 2차 중합이 0.99~0.01 bar의 압력, 150~300℃의 온도에서 0.5~4시간 동안 수행되는 폴리아마이드의 제조 방법.
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